选修4 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION 主题语境　海洋探索 选择性必修第四册 单元主题· 创意背记 背诵默写本 板块一　词句背诵 ◆重难点词汇 四级词汇 channel n.[C]海峡,航道;频道;渠道 vt.(经过通道)输送;引导 meanwhile adv.[非正式用语][句子副词]与此同时,在此期间;(比较两方面)对比之下 　in the meanwhile/meantime在此期间,与此同时 tale n.[C]故事;叙述 　a fairy/romantic tale童话/爱情故事 tax vt.对……征税,使纳税 n.[C]&[U]税,税款 　lay a tax on sth.对某物征税 　before/after tax税前/税后 三级词汇 exploit vt.开发,开采;利用;剥削 extend vt.扩展,使伸长,延长(extensive adj.广阔的;大量的;广泛的　extension n.扩大;延伸;延期;电话分机) merchant n.[C]商人,批发商 adj.[只用于名词前]海上货运的;商业的;商人的 politics n.[U]政治;政治学;政治活动;[pl.]政治主张,政治观点 (political adj.政治的,政治上的　politician n.政治家;政客) possession n.[C][常用复数]所有物,个人财产;[U][正式用语]拥有;控制;占有(possess v.控制;具有,拥有) in possession of占有,拥有 　in the possession of为……所有 　take possession of占有,拥有;占领 profession n.[C]职业,行业[professional adj.专业的;职业的　professor n.教授;(大学的)讲师,教员] royal adj.王室的,皇家的;高贵的;盛大的 　a royal welcome盛大的欢迎 underwater adj.水下的 adv.在水下 withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)退出,撤离;(使)撤回 vt.提/取(存款) (withdrawal n.撤走,退出) 　withdraw (sb./sth.) from(使某人/某物)退出;撤回 二级词汇 arrest n.[C]&[U]逮捕;拘留;中止 vt.逮捕,拘留;阻止 bond n.[C]关系,纽带 vt.& vi.(使)黏合,(使)牢固结合;增强信任关系 　a close/an emotional bond紧密的关系/情感纽带 laptop n.[C]笔记本电脑,便携式电脑 league n.[C]等级,水平;联盟,联赛,联合会 　in a league of one’s own独领风骚,艳压群芳 　a football league足球联赛 log vt.把……载入正式记录,记录 n.[C]正式记录,日志;原木 　log in/on注册;登录 migration n.[U]&[C]移居,迁徙,迁移(migrate vi.迁移,移往;移动) mixture n.[C]&[U]混合物;[C]混合,结合体(mix vt.配制;混淆;使混合　mixed adj.混合的;人员混杂的) murder n.[C]&[U]谋杀;凶杀 vt.谋杀,凶杀;毁坏(murderer n.谋杀犯) negotiate vt.商定,达成(协议) vi.谈判,磋商,协商(negotiation n.协商,谈判) 　negotiate a deal/contract(通过谈判)达成交易/订立合同 opponent n.[C]反对者;对手,竞争者 (oppose vt.反对,抵制　opposed adj.反对的;截然不同的) 一级词汇 applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏 (applause n.鼓掌;掌声;喝彩) coverage n.[U]新闻报道;覆盖范围(cover v.包括;报道;行走;涉及;覆盖) directory n.[C]名录;电话号码簿;(计算机文件或程序的)目录 mercy n.[U]仁慈,恩惠,宽恕 (merciful adj.仁慈的,慈悲的;宽容的　merciless adj.残忍的,无慈悲心的) 　have mercy on对……表示怜悯 　without mercy无情地 tournament n.[C]锦标赛,联赛 behold vt.(beheld,beheld)看,看见,目睹 ◆短语与词块 1.set sail起航;开航 2.in a league of one’s own独领风骚 3.withdraw from退出;撤回 4.in hand在手头;可供使用;在掌握中,在控制中 5.from a scientific point of view从科学角度看 6.search for寻找 7.under the command of在……的指挥下 8.in return for作为对……的回报 9.press conference记者招待会;新闻发布会 10.a passion for ...对……的酷爱 11.drive China to reach out推动中国走出去 12.improve our understanding of life on the earth提升我们对地球上生命的了解 ◆句式表达 1.句式:what引导宾语从句 In ancient times,silk from China found its way overland to India,the Middle East,and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road.在古代,中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马,这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。 2.句式:which引导非限制性定语从句 The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.随着作为“一带一路”倡议组成部分的“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的提出,郑和航行过的古代航道而今再度受到关注。 3.句式:there is an urgent need to do...迫切需要做…… From a scientific point of view,there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.从科学角度看,迫切需要研究北极,以了解气候变化及其影响。 4.句式:不定式作目的状语 To truly understand our planet,we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.为了真正了解我们的星球,我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。 5.句式:so that引导目的状语从句 We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,以便我们可以采取行动。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.核心词块 a fairy/moral/romantic 童话/寓言/爱情故事 2. a deadline/visa 延长最后期限/签证 3. the household/family 王室 4. have from the frontier 已从边境撤军 5. a narrow 狭窄的海峡 6. the special between mother and child 母子间的独 特关系 7. an invitational 邀请赛 8. a of gases 气体混合物 tale extend royal withdrawn channel bond tournament mixture 9. receive wide in the press 受到新闻媒体的广泛报道 10. give a 举办一场记者招待会  11. the speaker 向演讲者鼓掌 12. increases/cuts 税款的增加/削减 13. for the 与此同时 14. a worthy 势均力敌的对手 15. sleep like a 酣睡 16. make an 逮捕 coverage press conference applaud tax meanwhile opponent log arrest Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1. n.政治;政治观点→ adj.政治的;政治上 的→ n.政治家;政客 2. vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏→ n.鼓掌;掌 声;喝彩 3. vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏 n.谋杀;凶杀→ n.谋 杀犯 4. n.个人财产;拥有;控制→ vt.控制;具 有,拥有 5. n.反对者;对手;竞争者→ vt.反对;抵制 → adj.反对的;截然不同的 politics political politician applaud applause murder murderer possession possess opponent oppose opposed 结合语境变形单词 6. The pupils in our school disliked the ⁠ (extend) of the term very much. 7. As a journalist,it’s our duty to ⁠ the fact and we are responsible for our ⁠.(cover) 8. He is a person who has ⁠ on others and tries to help those in need.(mercy) 9. The audience ⁠ the performers.In other words, the performance received warm ⁠ from the audience. (applaud) 10. Facing the coming award presentation,I have ⁠ emotions. I feel a strange ⁠ of excitement and fear.(mix) extension cover coverage merciful mercy applauded applause mixed mixture Ⅲ.重点短语 1. 独领风骚  2. emotions 受情绪支配  3. the course 退出这门课程  4. for the rope 抓住那根绳子  5. 从法律的角度来看  in a league of one’s own under the command of withdraw from reach out from a legal point of view 根据语境完成句子 6. (由于手头上的事很紧 迫),we dealt with it at once.  7. I plan to buy Susan a nice hat ⁠ (作为她在英语方面帮助我的回报).  8. On a sunny morning,the luxury ship (从 一个海港启航) in the Atlantic Ocean.  9. Police are (寻找新证据) that the man committed the crime.  10. After the boat’s motor failed, ⁠ (他们听任狂风的摆布).  As the matter in hand was urgent in return for her help with my English set sail from a harbor searching for new evidence they were at the mercy of the strong winds Ⅳ.句式仿写 1. 空气污染越来越严重,因此迫切需要采取行动来重建我们的绿 色和清洁的环境。(There is an urgent need to do sth.) Air pollution is becoming worse and worse, so ⁠ ⁠ to rebuild our green and clean environment.  2. 为了让她受良好的教育,她的父母作出很多牺牲。(so that) Her parents made sacrifices __________________________________. there is an urgent need to take action so that she could have a good education 3. 为了丰富学生的课外生活,我们学校将于下周六上午在学校大 厅举办音乐节。(不定式作目的状语) ⁠,our school will hold a music festival next Saturday morning in the school hall.  To enrich students’ after⁃school life 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供;伸展,展开 vi.适用于,包括;延 续(时间)→ adj.广阔的;大量的;广泛的→_________ n.延伸;扩大;延期 extend...to...向……提供……;给予…… extend to延长到 extend by延长了 extend one’s heartfelt gratitude to由衷感谢 extensive extension ①If you are in need of a deadline ⁠ (extend), simply explain the situation to your professor. ②The plan will extend protection ⁠ a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected. ③我要由衷地感谢您,没有您的帮助,我不可能取得这么大的进 步。(感谢信) _______________________________________________.Without your help, I couldn’t have made such great progress.  extension to I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to you 2.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→ adj.仁慈的;慈悲的;宽容的→ adj.残忍的;无慈悲心的 (1)show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕 have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕 at the mercy of...任由……摆布 (2)be merciful to...对……仁慈 merciful merciless ①Thanks to the ⁠ (mercy) lady, I had money to buy a ticket home. ②尽管史密斯一家不富裕,但他们同情穷人,总是在可能的时候愿 意伸出援手。(助人为乐) Although the Smiths weren’t well off, ⁠ ⁠ and were always willing to extend a supporting hand whenever possible.  merciful they showed mercy to/had mercy on/upon the poor 3.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制→ vt.拥有;具有;支配 (1)take possession of (表示动作)占有;拥有 be in possession of (表示状态)具有;拥有 be in the possession of被……拥有;归……所有 (2)be possessed of sth.具有(某种品质或特征) possess ①Lucy told me that the necklace was one of her most treasured __________(possess). ②我的朋友鲍勃持有这家公司的大部分股份,其余的由其他工人 持有。 My friend, Bob, ⁠ most of the company’s shares, and the rest ⁠ other workers.  possessions possesses/is in possession of are in the possession of ③幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西,而是享受我们所拥有的东西。 (主旨升华) Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have, but _____________ _______________________________________________________. ④请记住,只有拥有良好的心态,你才能获得成功。 Keep in mind that only if ____________________________________ ________________________________________. ⁠ enjoying what we possess/take possession of/are in possession of you possess/are possessed of a good state of mind will you achieve success ⁠ 4.in hand在手头;可供使用 at hand近在手边;在附近 by hand手工,用手的 hand in hand手挽手;密切关联 on the one hand...on the other (hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示 不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面) give sb. a hand 帮助某人;施以援手 用hand相关短语的正确形式填空 ①Having enough data ⁠, we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled.  ②Meanwhile, you’d better keep a dictionary ⁠ so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it.  ③Whenever I am in trouble, it is you who ⁠ without hesitation.  ④ , the job offers a good salary, but ⁠ ⁠, it requires long hours and hard work.So “advantages and disadvantages always go ⁠.”  in hand at hand give me a hand On the one hand on the other  (hand) hand in hand 5.There is a need to do sth.“有必要做某事” [教材原句]　From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.从科学角度看,迫切需要研究北极,以了解气候变化及其影响。 常见的there be结构如下: (1)there is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没必要做某事 there is no denying that...不可否认…… There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义 (2)there happen(s) to be...碰巧有…… there seem(s) to be...好像有…… ①急需选择一种既健康又环保的旅游方式,那就是骑自行车。 (环 境保护) _________________________________________________________ _______________.That is bicycle riding.  ②掌握理论而不实践是没有意义的。 ⁠ without practice.  There is an urgent need to choose a healthy and environment⁃ friendly way of traveling There is no point/sense (in) mastering theory ③不可否认的是,只有我们以一种正确的方式来处理和克服大量 的困难,我们才能实现我们的梦想。 ⁠ ⁠ in a correct way, will we achieve our dreams.  There’s no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1. There is no need for you ⁠ (apologize) for his fault.  2. The project is now ⁠ hand, and we expect to complete it within the next two weeks. 3. Allan attended a campaign for Britain’s ____________(withdraw) from the EU. to apologize in withdrawal 4. Twenty soldiers were sent to the mountain in search ⁠ the trapped climber. 5. ⁠ smartphones and computers grow increasingly popular, more students are choosing to learn English in various ways beyond the classroom. 6. Many people in earthquake⁃hit area had their __________ ⁠(possess) buried under the ruins. of As possessions 7. ⁠ the mercy of the strong wind, the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight. 8. These works attracted much attention because of the ⁠ (mix) of modern and traditional style. 9. All the workers in this factory have been negotiating ⁠ the manager for more pay. 10. As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you’ll make ⁠. At mixture with it Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1. 海洋污染正变得日益严重。因此,保护海洋迫在眉睫。 Marine pollution is becoming increasingly serious, so ⁠ ⁠.  2. 海洋起着至关重要的作用,它不仅为我们提供了充足的食物,而 且维持了自然的平衡。(非限制性定语从句) The ocean, ⁠, not only offers us sufficient food,but also maintains the balance of nature.  there is an urgent need to protect the ocean which plays a vital role 3. 为保护海洋作出贡献,我们学生最好做以下事情。(不定式) ⁠, we students had better do as follows.  4. 现在就采取行动我们才能建设一个更加和谐的世界,在未来过 上更好的生活。 Take action now ⁠ and live a better life in the future.  5. 让我们携手并进,尽我们的一份力去保护我们的海洋。 ⁠ and do our bit to protect our ocean.  To make a contribution to protecting the ocean so that we can build a more harmonious world Let’s go hand in hand Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.People believe writing poems provides a channel through which they can express their feelings. 生义:_______ 熟义:n.航道,海峡;频道 2.It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books. 生义:______________ 熟义:n.纽带;关系 n.途径 vi.建立信任关系 3.All the people present at the meeting applauded my decision. 生义:________ 熟义:v.鼓掌 4.Arrested by the latest electronic toys, the little boy stood in front of the windows without moving. 生义:_______ 熟义:v.逮捕;拘留 vt.称赞  vt.吸引 5.withdraw A.vi.退出 B.vt.收回(发言、意见等)　 C.vt.提取(存款等) (1)I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account. ___ (2)Owing to the leg injury, she has decided to withdraw from the competition. ___ (3)Sensing his mistake, the minister withdrew his statement later. ___ C A B 培优2　单元话题写作——深海勘探 　　根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　Named after a mythical dragon, Jiaolong is China’s ①________ ________________________________(第一艘载人深海研究潜水器).It was developed by Chinese designers starting from 2002 and entered service in 2010, ②________________________________ _____________________________________(使中国成为世界上第五个拥有深海勘探技术的国家;分词短语作结果状语). manned deep-sea research submersible first making China the fifth country in the world with deep-sea exploration technology Jiaolong conducted 30 dives to make scientific investigations and to collect samples, ③_________________________________(这引起了媒体的广泛报道;非限制性定语从句).  　　These operations have enabled scientists to better understand geographical and biological conditions deep under the oceans and develop (用本单元词汇替换黑体词:④_______)⑤______________ (海洋资源).  which attracted wide press coverage exploit marine resources 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　mercy;merciful;opponent;opposed; mixture;mixed [动作描写]　set sail;negotiate;withdraw from; applaud;exploit;arrest;bond;possess 美句 1.Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.(主旨升华) 2.In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.(动作描写) 3.Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future.(情感描写) Step 2　语料运用　【海上遇险】 　　伴随着凛冽的寒风和吞噬一切的浓雾,萨姆在一个寒冷的夜晚启航了。海浪摇晃着小船,它开始像游乐园里的游乐设施一样侧向转弯。他们完全任凭风暴摆布。船上挂着的昏暗的灯滑入愤怒的大海,把他们抛在一片无尽的黑暗中。 ①_______________________ __________________________(with复合结构), Sam set sail on a freezing night.Waves rocked the small boat, which began to turn sideways ②____ ______________________.They were completely ③__________________ _________.The dim lamps hanging on the boat slipped into the angry sea, throwing them in complete darkness. With the chilly wind and the thick fog swallowing everything an amusement park ride like at the mercy of the storm 直到这时,恐惧才开始笼罩萨姆。然后,黑暗的大海以及闪烁着的几颗星辰见证了人与自然之间的生死斗争。幸运的是,惊涛骇浪的大海终于平静下来,第一缕曙光蹑手蹑脚地出现在地平线上。 Only then ④_____________________ _____ (倒装句).Then the dark sea along with a few twinkling stars ⑤_______________________________ ________________________.Fortunately, ⑥___________________________ _______ and the first rays of morning tiptoed on the horizon.  did the fear begin to seize Sam witnessed a death-and-life struggle between humans and nature the stormy sea finally calmed down 语料积累 【动作细节描写:哭泣(二)】 单词 misty;watery;tearful 词块 have a lump in one’s throat 哽咽;tears roll down 泪水滚落; tears well up in one’s eyes 热泪盈眶;brimmed/be blurred with tears 泪眼模糊;pour down 倾盆而下;cry one’s eyes/heart out 痛哭流涕 句型 Her tears brimmed over again as she started to speak. 她一张口说话,泪水就再次夺眶而出。 An hour later, when she returned to her room,she cried herself to sleep. 一个小时过后,当她回到自己房间,她哭到睡着。 Tears poured down her face. 眼泪从她脸上流了下来。 A big tear began to roll down her face/cheek. 一大颗泪珠开始从她的脸上滑落。 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A 　　(2024·湖北一模)The ocean feels ①boundless. If you were to start swimming from the shore, it’s easy to believe—fitness and oxygen aside—you could continue forever. That’s a far different experience to overland travel, where mountains, rivers, and highways ②jammed with traffic prevent easy passage. It’s equally easy to believe that fish and other highly mobile sea creatures experience the ocean in such a fashion. These animals, adapted over thousands of years to navigate the ocean, must easily bypass (绕过) any barrier around which they can theoretically swim. That assumption, though, is wrong. It’s common for many oceanic species to stick to specific habitats and only seldom swim beyond them. That is especially true for many immature animals, which are small and easy to fall victim to predators. This, however, can cause unexpectedly big problems for oceanic species, especially when ③infrastructure gets in the way. Take, for example, the green sawfish living near the mouth of the Ashburton River in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.In 2017, engineers working on a local oil and gas processing plant built a new loading facility consisting of a large piling jetty (码头) and a solid rock wall, which stretched 500 meters offshore. Later, scientists realized that the green sawfish were unable, or unwilling, to pass around the barrier. But that could prevent the animals from reaching valuable feeding grounds and other habitats. This discovery leads to a surprising new idea: that sea animals, much like land species, need a helping hand getting around human infrastructures. In the case of the green sawfish, engineers could have created underpasses in the jetty through which the fish could swim. As the climate continues to change, many sea species are moving farther north and they need suitable habitats to move through. Whether creating pass-throughs in artificial structures or ④plotting routes away from warming oceans, thoughtfully designing our infrastructures could go a long way toward protecting animals as we continue to engineer the ocean. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类海洋工程对海洋生物的影响及其解决方案。 1 2 3 4 1.What is the misunderstanding mentioned in the first paragraph?(　　) A.Sea creatures adapt to the ocean slowly. B.The ocean presents no barriers to sea life. C.Humans are inherently skilled at sea navigation. D.Sea travel guarantees easier passage than land travel. B 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These animals, adapted over thousands of years to navigate the ocean, must easily bypass any barrier around which they can theoretically swim. That assumption, though, is wrong.”可知,第一段提到的误解是海洋对海洋生物没有障碍。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 2.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?(　　) A.The impact of human-made structures. B.The risk of being hunted by predators. C.The behavior of mature oceanic animals. D.The tendency to stay in familiar habitats. D 1 2 3 4 解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“It’s common for many oceanic species to stick to specific habitats and only seldom swim beyond them. That is especially true for many immature animals, which are small and easy to fall victim to predators.”可知,然而,这可能会给海洋物种带来意想不到的大问题。这里的“This”指代的是倾向于待在熟悉的栖息地。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 3.Why are the green sawfish mentioned in the text?(　　) A.To illustrate a point. B.To present a phenomenon. C.To put forward a new argument. D.To add some background information. A 1 2 3 4 解析:推理判断题。根据第三段“Take, for example, the green sawfish living near the mouth of the Ashburton River in the Pilbara region of Western Australia...But that could prevent the animals from reaching valuable feeding grounds and other habitats.”可知,文章中提到绿锯鳐是为了说明一个观点:即使是适应了海洋环境的海洋生物,也可能因为人类建造的基础设施而遇到障碍,因此,在设计人类基础设施时需要考虑海洋生物的需求。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 4.What does the author suggest about engineering the ocean?(　　) A.Maximizing economic benefits. B.Prioritizing human infrastructures. C.Creating underpasses for surfers. D.Accommodating oceanic species’ needs. D 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段中的“Whether creating pass-throughs in artificial structures or plotting routes away from warming oceans, thoughtfully designing our infrastructures could go a long way toward protecting animals as we continue to engineer the ocean.”可知,作者建议在进行海洋工程时,应该考虑到海洋物种的需求。故选D项。 [语境猜词] ①boundless(派)______________________[bound v.形成……的边界+-less ] ②jammed (派) [jam n.堵塞+-ed] ③infrastructure(派)____________________ [infra-+structure n.结构,构造] ④plot (转)文章义: [熟义:n.阴谋;情节] adj.无限的;无边无际的 adj.堵塞的;拥挤的 n.基础设施,基础建设 v.制订,规划 B 　　(2024·浙江衢州、丽水、湖州三地市教学质检) Some talk of building settlements on the Moon or Mars to help make sure humanity survives long into the future.Others have their sights set closer to home:on future cities under the ocean. 　　“Technologically speaking,it is absolutely possible to ①colonize the bottom of the sea,” says Fabien Cousteau,a well-known ocean explorer who once spent 31 days living in what is now the world’s only functioning undersea habitat,Aquarius Reef Base.It’s about the size of a school bus and located 62 feet below the ocean surface in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Just as astronauts test what it would be like to live in space, aquanauts try out undersea living with an eye to the future.Escaping from disasters such as climate change or wars is one reason to live under the sea.Others include studying,exploring,or appreciating the ocean.It’s costly and expensive to constantly keep up an ocean habitat which must pump in or make its own air,electricity,and fresh water.②Inhabitants have to deal with high pressure.And infections can develop rapidly due to high humidity. Despite the challenges,several new ocean habitats and cities are under construction.A series of space station-like undersea living quarters for aquanauts called Proteus are scheduled to be completed by 2025 off Curacao,an island north of Venezuela in South America. An undersea colony called Vent Base Alpha will be built near a hydrothermal vent,which would supply it with energy.Meanwhile,an undersea city called Ocean Spiral in Japan would link its surface to the deep sea,using the difference in pressure to generate energy and produce fresh water.This sounds amazing,but it would be extremely expensive and remains just a design. Not everyone agrees that building homes in the ocean is a good idea.This type of development could place even more strain on ecosystems that are already struggling with pollution and climate change.It’s important to make sure that any construction is done carefully,says Susanne Menden-Deuer,an oceanographer at the University of Rhode Island.Wild undersea habitats should be treated as “the precious,③irreplaceable resource that they are,” she says. 　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对未来海底城市的展望以及建立海底城市存在的问题。 5.What do we know about Aquarius Reef Base?(　　) A.It is still under construction. B.It functions as an undersea school bus. C.It is the only ocean habitat in operation. D.It only allows a person to live there for 31 days. 5 6 7 8 C 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...Fabien Cousteau,a well-known ocean explorer...Aquarius Reef Base.”可知,海洋探险家Fabien Cousteau曾经在现在世界上唯一一个正常运作的海底栖息地Aquarius Reef Base生活了31天。 6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?(　　) A.The present and future of living under the sea. B.The reasons and challenges of living under the sea. C.The purpose and cost of building undersea settlements. D.The problems and findings of building undersea settlements. 5 6 7 8 B 解析:段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Escaping from disasters...due to high humidity.”可知,人们生活在海底的原因之一是逃避气候变化、战争等灾难,其他原因包括学习、探索或欣赏海洋。维持海洋栖息地是昂贵的,居民必须应对高压,而且由于高湿度,传染病会迅速发展。由此可以推断,第三段主要讲述了人们生活在海底的原因以及所面临的各种挑战。故选B项。 5 6 7 8 7.What would be the result of building homes in the ocean according to the text?(　　) A.Rapid development of undersea habitats. B.Protection of irreplaceable ocean resources. C.Negative impacts on undersea ecosystems. D.Struggles with pollution and climate change. 5 6 7 8 C 解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Not everyone agrees... struggling with pollution and climate change.”可知,并不是每个人都同意在海洋中建造房屋是个好主意。这种类型的发展可能会给已经在与污染和气候变化作斗争的生态系统带来更大的压力。由此可知,在海底建房子会对海底的生态系统造成负面的影响。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 8.Where is the text most probably taken from?(　　) A.A textbook. B.An exam paper. C.An academic article. D.A science magazine. 5 6 7 8 D 解析:文章出处题。纵观全文,尤其是第一段可知,一些人谈到在月球或火星上建立定居点以帮助确保人类在未来长期生存。其他人则把目光投向了离家更近的地方:未来的海底城市。由此可知,本文讲述的内容具有科幻性质,文章很有可能出自科学杂志。故选D项。 5 6 7 8 [语境猜词] ①colonize (派) [colony n. 殖民地;聚居人群　y→-ize] ②inhabitants (派) [in-+habitat n. 栖息地+-ant]  ③irreplaceable (派) [ir-+replace v. 取代,代替+-able] v.(在某一地区)聚居,大批生长 n.(某地的) 居民,栖息动物 adj.不可替代的,独一无二的 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) 　　(2024·重庆名校联盟联考)Going out for a walk with their sons is a simple task for most fathers. But for Martin Ralfe and his one-year-old boy Leo,it can be a real　1　.That’s because Martin is blind and Leo is also visually impaired (受损的),meaning they have to thoroughly　2　every trip they take outside of their home.The 29-year-old parent　3　to let his lack of sight stop him from　4　with his son and going exploring.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 The pair have shared their special bond on the Internet and gone viral after showing how they go out for the day.Martin says it was actually his wife who　5　him to take Leo out for walks.He　6　he initially had some worries about taking Leo out on his own but now he is　7　and spends most weekends exploring with his son.  　　He said,“Our favorite　8　to do together include going for walks and　9　the ducks.Currently,on our bucket list is to visit Disneyland but Leo is　10　interested in trains too,so we’d love to go to the National Railway Museum in York.”  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Martin’s Internet account has thousands of　11　and has a range of videos such as him walking Leo.He is using it to　12　other people with visual impairment.He said,“I love　13　these videos and I get so many amazing　14　.Many people praise me but I’m just a　15　dad getting on with life.”  [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Martin Ralfe是一位盲人,儿子Leo也视力受损,但Martin却勇敢地独自带着孩子出去探索的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 1.A.pleasure　　　　　　B.challenge C.journey D.misfortune 答案:B 解析:根据上文的but表示转折关系和下文的“Martin is blind and Leo is also visually impaired”可知,Martin是一位盲人,儿子Leo也视力受损,因此对他们来说,外出散步确实是个挑战。故选B项。pleasure“高兴,快乐”;challenge“挑战”;journey“(尤指长途)旅行,行程”;misfortune“厄运,不幸”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 2.A.take B.imagine C.plan D.enjoy 答案:C 解析:根据上文的“Martin is blind and Leo is also visually impaired”和下文的“every trip they take outside of their home”可推知,父子俩每次外出旅行,都必须详尽地计划。故选C项。imagine“想象”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.refuses B.attempts C.fails D.decides 答案:A 解析:根据下文的“they go out for the day”和“spends most weekends exploring with his son”可知,Martin没有让失明阻止他和儿子一起出去玩和探索。故选A项。refuse“拒绝”;attempt“尝试”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.running away B.settling down C.falling down D.hanging out 答案:D 解析:参见上题解析。run away“突然离开;逃离”;settle down“(使)平静,(使)安定”;fall down“不实,不能令人满意,不够好”;hang out“闲逛,逗留”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.allowed B.encouraged C.taught D.required 答案:B 解析:根据语境和下文的“he initially had some worries about taking Leo out on his own”可知,Martin一开始对独自带Leo出去有些担心,因此此处应该表示他的妻子鼓励他带Leo出去散步。故选B项。allow“允许”;encourage“鼓励”;require“需要;依赖”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.admitted B.argued C.protested D.regretted 答案:A 解析:根据下文的“he initially had some worries...exploring with his son”可知,一开始Martin对独自带Leo出去有些担心,但现在大部分周末他都和儿子一起去探索。由此可知,他承认自己最初的担心。故选A项。admit“承认”;argue“争论,争吵”;protest“(公开)反对,抗议”;regret“惋惜,懊悔”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.honest B.generous C.confident D.ambitious 答案:C 解析:根据空前的but表示转折关系和下文的“spends most weekends exploring with his son”可知,此处应表示Martin现在对独自带Leo出去很自信。故选C项。honest“诚实的”;generous“慷慨的”;confident“自信的”;ambitious“有抱负的,有雄心的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.workouts B.games C.experiments D.activities 答案:D 解析:根据下文的“include going for walks and　9　 the ducks”可知,此处表示他们最喜欢一起做的活动。故选D项。workout“锻炼”;experiment“实验,试验”;activity“活动”。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.catching B.saving C.feeding D.raising 答案:C 解析:根据空后的“the ducks”和常识可知,父子俩会喂鸭子。故选C项。feed“喂养,饲养”;raise“举起,提起”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.fortunately B.particularly C.probably D.suddenly 答案:B 解析:根据下文的“so we’d love to go to the National Railway Museum in York”可推知,Leo对火车也特别感兴趣。故选B项。fortunately“幸亏”;particularly“特别,尤其”;probably“很可能,大概”;suddenly“突然,忽然”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.followers B.competitors C.teammates D.editors 答案:A 解析:根据上文的“The pair have shared their special bond on the Internet and gone viral after showing how they go out for the day.”可知,父子俩在网上分享他们的特殊纽带,展示他们是如何外出的,并在网络上走红。由此可知,Martin的互联网账户有数千名关注者。故选A项。follower“关注者”;competitor“竞争者”;teammate“队友”;editor“编辑”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.honour B.appreciate C.protect D.educate 答案:D 解析:根据上文描述的Martin克服视力障碍勇敢带Leo出去探索并结合语境和常识可知,Martin利用自己的互联网账户教导其他视力受损的人。故选D项。honour“尊敬,尊重(某人)”;appreciate“欣赏;感激”;protect“保护”;educate“教导,培养”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.keeping B.playing C.monitoring D.making 答案:D 解析:上文提到Martin的互联网账户里有很多视频,因此此处表示Martin喜欢制作视频。故选D项。monitor“监测,监视”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.comments B.orders C.suggestions D.memories 答案:A 解析:根据下文的“Many people praise me”可知,Martin得到了很多很棒的评论。故选A项。comment“评论”;order“指示,命令;订单”;suggestion“建议”;memory“记忆,回忆”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.different B.normal C.responsible D.lucky 答案:B 解析:根据上文的“Many people praise me”和该句中的but表示转折关系可知,Martin认为自己只是一个普通的父亲。故选B项。normal“正常的”;responsible“有责任的”。 $$