选修1 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND 主题语境　农业生产 单元主题· 创意背记 背诵默写本 板块一　词句背诵 ◆重难点词汇 四级词汇 aspect n.[C]方面,层面 chemical adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.[C][常用复数]化学制品;化学品(chemistry n.化学　chemically adv.化学上地　chemist n.化学家;药剂师) devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于;献身,致力于 (devotion n.奉献;忠诚;挚爱　devoted adj.挚爱的;全心全意的;忠诚的) 　devote...to献身;致力;专心;把……用于 overcome vt. (overcame, overcome) 战胜,克服;解决 reality n.[C]事实,实际经历;[U]现实,实际情况 root n.[C]根,根茎;根部;根源;起源;词根 vi.& vt.(使)生根 soil n.[C]&[U]泥土,土壤;国土,领土 　rich/poor soil肥沃的/贫瘠的土地 三级词汇 alternative n.[C]选择;可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的,可供选择的;非传统的 bacterium n.[C](pl.bacteria)细菌 bomb n.[C]炸弹 vt.轰炸;对……投炸弹 convince vt.使确信,使相信,说服(convincing adj.有说服力的;使人信服的　convinced adj.确信;坚信的) 　convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 　convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事 crisis n.[C]&[U](pl.crises)危机;紧要关头,危急关头 　tackle the crisis应对危机 domestic adj.本国的,国内的;家务的,家用的,家庭的 　domestic chores/animals家务琐事/家畜 entirely adv.全部地,完整地,完全地(entire adj.全部的,完全的) essential adj.极其重要的,完全必要的,必不可少的;本质的 estimate vt.[常用于被动语态]估计,估算,估价 n.[C]估计,估算,估价 grocery n.[C]食品杂货店;[pl.]食品杂货 instance n.[C]例子,事例;实例 　for instance例如(for example),比如 organic adj.有机的,不使用化肥的;有机物的;器官的 poverty n.[U]贫穷,贫困 shortage n.[C]&[U]不足,缺少,短缺(short adj.短的;矮的;缺乏的) 　food/water/housing shortages食物/用水/住房短缺 urban adj.[只用于名词前]城市的,都市的,城镇的 二级词汇 boost vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.[sing.]增长,提高;激励 celebrity n.[U]名望,名誉;[C]名人,名流 characteristic n.[C][常用复数]特征,特色,特点;品质 adj.特有的,典型的;独特的 consumption n.[U]消费(量),消耗 (consume vt.消耗;消费;吃;喝　consumer n.消费者;用户) depth n.[U]&[C]深(度);向下(或向里)的距离[deep adj.深的　deeply adv.深深地;强烈地　deepen vt.加深;(使)变深] 　in depth全面地;深入地;仔细地 digest vi.& vt.消化 vt.理解,领会;领悟 n.[C]摘要;文摘 expand vt.& vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务)(expansion n.扩大,扩张) extension n.[C]扩建部分;电话分机;[U]扩大(extend vt.伸开;展开;延伸　extensive adj.广阔的;大规模的;广泛的) flavour n.[C]&[U]味道,风味;特点;特色 leisure n.[U]闲暇,休闲;空闲;业余时间 　leisure time/activities闲暇时间/休闲活动 mineral n.[C]&[U]矿物;矿物质 nutrition n.[U]营养;滋养;营养学(nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的) vision n.[C]想象,幻象;[U]远见卓识;影像;视觉;视野;视力 　a man of great vision有远见卓识的人 widespread adj.广泛的;分布广的;普遍的 一级词汇 assumption n.[C]假定,设定,假设;[C]&[U](责任的)承担;(权力的)获得(assume v.假定,假设) attain vt.[正式用语](通常经过努力)获得;达到;得到,取得(attainable adj.可达到的,可获得的) comprise vt.[不用于进行时][正式用语]包括,包含;由……组成 　be comprised of包括;包含;由……组成/构成 conventional adj.传统的;习惯的;墨守成规的;普通平凡的 (convention n.习俗,惯例) generate vt.产生;创造;引起 intense adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的 output n.[U,sing.]产量;输出(量) vt.(output /outputted,output/outputted)输出 tackle vt.解决(难题);抢断;应付(局面);处理 ◆短语与词块 1.deep down在内心深处;实际上,本质上 2.in turn反过来;依次;转而,轮流,相应地 3.conduct research进行研究 4.fulfil one’s dreams实现某人的梦想 5.depend on依靠,依赖 6.a life of leisure悠闲的生活 7.be far from the case远非如此 8.care little for/about fame or fortune淡泊名利 9.pursue a career in追求……事业 10.a matter of great debate有很大争议的问题 11.serve the high demand满足高要求 12.switch to organic farming转向有机农业 ◆句式表达 1.句式:what引导主语从句 However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.然而,他最担忧的是农民们的收成经常不好,有时甚至严重缺乏食物。 2.句式:It+be+过去分词+that ... Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 3.句式:whether引导主语从句 However,whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.然而,是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种,仍众说纷纭。 4.句式:given that ...“鉴于,考虑到”,引导条件状语从句 Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 5.句式:why引导主语从句;that引导表语从句 Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground,making it ready for the next batch of crops.种植不同作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中,让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.核心词块 1. the problem解决这个问题 2.set off a chain of 引发一连串危机 3. sb.’s confidence 增强某人的信心 4.with enthusiasm 带着特有的热情 5. a good mark in the examination 在考试中取得好成绩 6. methods/approaches 传统方法 tackle crises boost characteristic attain conventional 7. heat /cold/pain 酷热/严寒/剧痛 8. all the obstacles 排除一切障碍 9. the role of family doctors 扩大家庭医生的作用 10.a conservative 保守的估计 11. affairs/politics 国内事务/政治 12.the of the subway 地铁的扩建 13.the industry 化学工业 14.alleviate 缓解贫困 intense overcome expand estimate domestic extension chemical poverty 15. agriculture 有机农业 16. support 广泛的支持 17. the information 领会这一信息 18.an part 必不可少的一部分 19.an method of solving the problem 解决这个问题的其他方法 20.the most important of the debate 这场辩论最重要的方面 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1. n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→__________ v.假定;设想;承担→ conj.假定,假设 organic widespread digest essential alternative aspect assumption assume assuming 2. vt.消费;消耗;吃→ n.顾客→ n.消耗;消耗量;消费 3. adj.含盐的;咸的→ n.盐 4. v.延伸;扩大→ n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→ adj.广阔的;广泛的;大量的 5. n.化学→ n.化学家;药剂师→ adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品 6. adj.营养(物)的→ adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→ n.营养;滋养 consume consumer consumption salty salt extend extension extensive chemistry chemist chemical nutritional nutritious nutrition 结合语境变形单词 7.I recommend that you should first set a goal and the goal should be _________ (attain) and specific. 8.Drought continues to annoy many parts of the country,with tens of thousands suffering water (short). 9.The festival was really a feast, (entire) holding me in its power. 10.The (expand) of the company’s product line has been successful and it will make great profits. 11.His words me, and I was that what he did made sense.(convince) attainable shortages entirely expansion convincing convinced convinced 12.Yuan Longping, a scientist, his life to his research.His to his career inspires all of us to make contributions to our country.(devote) 13.We will discuss the problem in to our understanding so that we can understand it and thoroughly.(depth) Ⅲ.重点短语 1. 20 members由20个成员组成  2.read the book 在闲暇时看这本书  devoted devoted devotion depth deepen deeply be comprised of at one’s leisure 3. 在内心深处;本质上;实际上  4. 事实上;实际上  5. 例如;比如  根据语境完成句子 6.What the good teachers have in common is that _____________ ___________________________________________(他们把时间投入教学及与学生的交流中).  7. (成功不仅仅取决于你做什么).What you don’t do is equally important.  deep down in reality for instance time to teaching and communicating with students they devote their Success doesn’t only depend on what you do 8.I have already started to develop deep feelings for you and _______ _____(我在乎你).  9.He spends too much time on maths,and this ___________________ __________________________ (相应地影响他的其他学科的进步).  10.The relationship between economic growth and the state of the environment is (远非那么简单).  Ⅳ.句式仿写 1.首先,我们能做的就是注意我们的日常行为。(what引导主语从句) First of all, is pay attention to our daily behaviour.  you I care for progress of his other subjects in turn affects the far from simple what we can do 2.考虑到自己挣得不多,我用钱通常比较精打细算,这也是迫不得已。(given that) Usually,I am sensible with money,as I have to be,________________ _________________.  3.据说中国画展将于本周末在美术馆举行。(It+be+过去分词+that...) the Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in the art gallery this weekend.  earn that much given that I don’t It is said that 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 写作规范练(四) 基础知识过关练(四)(选择性必修第一册) Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于(常与介词to连用)→ adj.挚爱的;忠诚的→ n.奉献;忠诚;挚爱 devoted devotion (1)devote...to (doing) sth. 把……奉献给;把……专注于;献身于;致力于 devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事;献身于(做)某事 (2)be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事;致力于(做)某事 ① (devote) himself to medical career, the famous doctor is respected by most people. ②我最崇拜的人是屠呦呦,她致力于研究疟疾的治疗方法,挽救了数十万人的生命。 →The person I admire most is Tu Youyou____________________ ____________________, having saved hundreds of thousands of lives.(形容词短语作定语)  →The person I admire most is Tu Youyou______________________ __________________________, having saved hundreds of thousands of lives.(定语从句;devote v.)  Devoting devoted to studying treatment for malaria studying treatment for malaria who/that devotes herself to 2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服→ adj.确信的;坚信的→ adj.令人信服的 convinced convincing (1)convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信/明白某事 convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb. that...使某人相信…… (2)be convinced (that).../of...(某人)坚信…… ①I was initially skeptical, but after further research, I became convinced the effectiveness of the treatment. ②His words were so that I was entirely _________ of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly. (convince) ③我坚信诚实是很重要的。它有助于建设一个温暖、和谐的社会。(主旨升华) . It will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.  of convincing convinced I’m firmly convinced that honesty is significant 3.assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→ v.假定;设想;承担;假装→ conj.假如 assume assuming (1)on the assumption that...假定…… make an assumption 作出臆断 (2)assume sb./sth. (to be)+adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为…… (3)assuming (that)...假设…… ①We students assume him (be) the most qualified professor in our school.  ②假如我被选为学生会主席,我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。(申请信) ________________________________________________________ ___________________,I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.  to be On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union ③People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh us but also strengthen our memory.(传统文化) →__________________________________________________ __ ______________________________________________(it作形式主语;not only...but also...倒装句)  It is generally assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh us but also it can strengthen our memory. 4.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的→ ____________ adv.可供选择地 alternatively (1)have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 (2)an alternative to...……的替代品 ①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative gasoline. ②失败乃成功之母。有时候,为了成功,我们别无选择,只能勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。(主旨升华) Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes, in order to succeed, we_____________________________________________________.  to have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it 5.in turn转而;相应地;反过来;依次;轮流 by turns轮流 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 turn out结果是;生产;制造 It is one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 用turn相关短语的适当形式完成下面语段 　　Some student representatives ① to make speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony.Finally, it was my turn.In my speech, I mentioned that in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and ② , we should give a hand to them from now on. For instance, we and our parents can do housework ③ .   It ④ that the ceremony makes a great difference to us.  took turns in turn by turns turns out 6.given that引导原因状语从句 (1)本句中given that...“考虑到”,相当于considering;given作介词时,意为“考虑到”。 (2)其他类似用法: assuming (that)假设;假定 supposing (that)假如;如果 [教材原句]　Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 ①(译林选必二)_________ (consider) there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still optimistic about the future of VR?  there be句型中非谓语 Considering ② (give) your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice. ③鉴于你对中国的传统节日——端午节非常感兴趣,我写信向你介绍这一节日。(传统文化) ___________________________________________________—the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to introduce it to you.  Given Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.I’m afraid that I can’t accept your argument, for you haven’t offered enough (convince) evidence. 2.The threat of global warming will eventually force the world to slow down energy (consume). 3.It is a fact that our ideal life does not always consist with the _________ (real). 4.Solar energy is an alternative petrol. Moreover, we can take the bus or alternatively go to work by bike. convincing consumption reality to 5. (give) that she is interested in literature, I’m sure writing is the right career for her. 6. impressed me most was that the man stayed positive and optimistic all the time no matter what happened. 7.In other words, we are working on the (assume) that he could help work out the problem of water shortage. 8.People try to avoid transportation delays by using their own cars, and this turn creates further problems. Given What assumption in 9.Devoted to (teach) the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own children. 10.According to the educator, the committee is comprised __ representatives from both the public and private sectors. Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.人类活动影响了自然平衡,损害了环境。反过来,糟糕的环境也影响到了人类。 Human activity has affected the natural balance, harming the environment._______________________________________________ __________.  teaching of In turn, the worse environment has also affected human beings 2.鉴于我们的环境正变得越来越糟,我呼吁我们大家都重视环境保护。 ______________________________________________ , I call on all of us to attach importance to environmental protection.  3.我们应该致力于保护环境不再继续受污染。 We should _________________________________________________ _________continuously.  Given that our environment is becoming worse and worse devote ourselves to protecting the environment from being polluted 4.例如,在能源利用上,我们别无选择,只能选择一些清洁能源,如太阳能。 For instance, with regard to the use of resources, _______________ ________________________________________such as solar energy.  5.我坚信,在我们的共同努力下,我们的环境会变得越来越美丽。 our environment will become more and more beautiful with joint efforts.  alternative but to choose some clean resources we have no I am firmly convinced that Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.A brave man may fall, but he can not yield. 生义:___________ 熟义:n.产量 2.(2022·全国乙卷)There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. 生义:_________ 熟义:adj.可替代的 v.屈服,让步 n.替代品 3.digest A.vi.& vt.消化 B.vt.理解;领会　 C.n.摘要 (1)I only read the digest of this novel, so I don’t know the details. __ (2)I haven’t entirely digested what our foreign teacher said just now. __ (3)Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults. __ C B A 培优2　单元话题写作——农业人物 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　Yuan Longping,①__________________________________ (作为“杂交水稻之父”而闻名;分词短语作定语), was one of China’s most famous scientists.  He ② ______________________(将他的一生致力于……)developing high-yield rice and it greatly increased China’s food production and helped ③ __________________________________________________(减轻许多发展中国家的饥饿状况). known as the “father of hybrid rice” devoted his entire life to alleviate hunger in many developing countries He was a person of high perseverance and determination.Faced with the shortage of research funds and advanced research equipment, he didn’t give in (用本单元词汇替换黑体词:④ ) but spared no effort to overcome the difficulties one by one.Without his efforts, many people in the world might still stay in hunger.  yield ⑤ _________(鉴于他已经实现了他的梦想), many people might think he would have ⑥ _______________________(退休享受悠闲的生活), but he didn’t.He kept on working hard and developing strains with higher yields in his later years. His dedication to his work and his commitment to improving the life of others are an inspiration to us all.  Given that he had fulfilled his dream retired to a life of leisure 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　convince;convincing;convinced;intense;deep down [动作描写]　tackle;boost;yield;overcome;alleviate;devote 美句 1.Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.(外貌描写) 2.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.(情感描写) 美句 3.Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.(排比) 4.Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision.(人物描写) Step 2　语料运用　【友情篇(一)】 　 看见我朋友悲痛欲绝,我内心深处如此焦虑,以至于感觉就像热锅上的蚂蚁。我必须竭尽全力振奋他的精神,并说服他不要向暂时的失败屈服。 Seeing my friend overcome with intense grief, I was so anxious deep down that ① (比喻). I ② (宾语从句) to boost his spirits and convince him not to yield to the temporary failure. I felt like an ant on a hot pan must do whatever I could 我向他提供了一些有效的措施,以缓解他的悲伤并解决他的问题。最终,他相信只有致力于学习他才能通过考试。当我看到他走出阴霾,我的心里感觉像喝了蜂蜜一样甜。 I offered him some effective measures to ③_______________________________ ___________.Finally, he was convinced that only if he devoted himself to his study ④ ____________________(倒装句).When I saw him come out of the haze, my heart was ⑤ ________________(比喻).  alleviate his sadness and tackle his problems could he pass the exam as sweet as honey 语料积累 【动作细节描写:“嘴”动“唇”动】 单词 mouth;open-mouthed;lip;grin 词块 one’s mouth widens咧开嘴;one’s mouth drops/hangs wide open张大嘴巴;cup/cover one’s mouth捂住某人的嘴; one’s heart in one’s mouth提心吊胆; lick one’s lips舔嘴唇; purse one’s lips噘嘴 句型 She couldn’t move, her mouth wide open with terror.(独立主格) 他不敢移动,嘴巴惊恐地张得老大。 Learning he was appointed as captain, he broke into a wide grin. 得知他被任命为队长后,他咧嘴笑了。 I stared, open-mouthed.(形容词作状语) 我目瞪口呆地看着。 Her lips trembled, tears rolling down her cheeks. 她嘴唇颤抖,眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A 　　“Xin Nongren” means “New Farmers”, which refers to young Chinese who devote themselves to sustainable farming after quitting jobs. Shi Yan, the founder of Shared Harvest, an organic farm in the countryside north of Beijing, is a representative of “Xin Nongren”. Shi Yan was born in 1982 in Hebei Province. As a student at Renmin University of China, she was concerned about the widespread environmental damage caused by chemical-reliant farming practices. In 2008, she travelled to the US as an intern (实习生) at Minnesota’s Earthrise Farm to see the Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) in action. Being community-focused, CSA farms are ①run under organic principles. A key element of CSA is its shared risk, ②membership-marketing structure, which financially protects farmers while connecting them to consumers. Shared Harvest is the result of what Shi Yan learned there. Opened in 2012, it is not only a completely organic farm but also one of the first in China to follow the CSA model. When she first started it, few had heard of CSA.Now, there are over 1,500 CSA farms in China. Shared Harvest prides itself on natural alternatives to chemical pesticides. Instead of chemicals, the team uses hot pepper water, for instance, to treat crop diseases. Finding natural solutions can be time-consuming and ③labour-intensive, with some problems requiring weeks of individual attention. Unsurprisingly, supplies of vegetables, eggs and meat cost about three times more than that sold at ordinary grocery stores. It’s expensive, but Shi Yan believes 40 percent of Beijing residents can afford green produce. “It requires a different mindset,” she says. She not only hopes to convince the consumers, but she’s determined to educate farmers about organic practices. “We have to understand farmers, and using pesticides is just like smoking. They’re addicted to it,” she says. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一位中国新农人石嫣,她通过建立共享收获有机农场,推广社区支持农业(CSA)模式,倡导可持续农业实践。 1 2 3 4 1.What are typical “Xin Nongren” like?(　　) A.They are unable to find jobs. B.They major in organic farming. C.They choose to contribute to farming. D.They are forced to work in the countryside. C 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Xin Nongren’ means ‘New Farmers’, which refers to young Chinese who devote themselves to sustainable farming after quitting jobs.”可知,典型的新农人是指那些放弃工作后致力于可持续农业的年轻人,即选择为农业作出贡献的人。故选C。 1 2 3 4 2.What is the business mode of CSA farms?(　　) A.They are run by communities. B.They work with other farms. C.They employ interns to do the work. D.They involve both farmers and consumers. D 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Being community-focused, CSA farms are run under organic principles. A key element of CSA is its shared risk, membership-marketing structure, which financially protects farmers while connecting them to consumers.”可知,CSA农场将农民与消费者联系起来,其商业模式涉及农民和消费者。故选D。 1 2 3 4 3.What do we learn from the last paragraph?(　　) A.Few can afford produce from Shared Harvest. B.Shi Yan has already practiced the new way on most farms. C.Farmers are always fond of smoking. D.Changes of mindset are the key to success. D 1 2 3 4 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘It requires a different mindset,’ she says. She not only hopes to convince the consumers, but she’s determined to educate farmers about organic practices. ‘We have to understand farmers, and using pesticides is just like smoking. They’re addicted to it,’ she says.”可知,石嫣认为需要一种不同的思维方式,她希望说服消费者并教育农民进行有机实践。由此推知,思维方式的转变是成功的关键。故选D。 1 2 3 4 4.Which of the following can best describe Shi Yan?(　　) A.Responsible and determined. B.Generous and proud. C.Hard-working and talented. D.Diligent and ④charitable. A 1 2 3 4 解析:推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Xin Nongren’ means ‘New Farmers’, which refers to young Chinese who devote themselves to sustainable farming after quitting jobs. Shi Yan, the founder of Shared Harvest, an organic farm in the countryside north of Beijing, is a representative of ‘Xin Nongren’.”和最后一段中的“‘It requires a different mindset,’ she says. She not only hopes to convince the consumers, but she’s determined to educate farmers about organic practices.”以及文章内容可知,石嫣放弃了城市的工作,投身于有机农业,面对困难不退缩,积极推广有机农业理念。由此推知,石嫣是有责任感和坚定决心的。故选A。 [语境猜词] ①run 文章义: [熟义:v. 跑;移动]  ②membership-marketing (合) [membership n.会员+marketing n.营销] ③labour-intensive (合) [labour n.体力劳动;劳工+intensive adj.密集的] ④charitable (派) [charity n.慈善　y→-able]  v.经营, 运转 n.会员营销 adj.劳动密集型的 adj.慈善的; 宽容的 B 　　On the second floor of Minke van Wingerden’s floating farm in Rotterdam, the cows sometimes wander over to a machine that automatically ①milks them, or shy out of the way of a robot removing their waste that will be turned into organic fertilizer for the vegetables grown on the first floor. “We call our farm recycling lady,” says Minke van Wingerden, who has recently opened a small shop on dry land next to the floating farm to sell the vegetables, milk, cheese and butter produced there. Floating farming isn’t an entirely new idea. ④Efforts to put agriculture on or in the water are as old as the Aztecs, who built artificial islands to grow food long ago in what’s now Mexico. But it’s a concept that is getting new attention as a way of dealing with both food security and the challenges of climate change. And it doesn’t have to be as well-equipped as Wingerden’s floating farm, which came about after she witnessed the food shortages in New York after Hurricane Sandy hit the city in 2012. “When you have floating farms, you are climate-adaptive,” said Wingerden. “It is also ②sensible for you to take fresher, healthier food close to cities.” Daniel Petrovics, a researcher at the University of Amsterdam, said the success of floating farms will vary by region. “Contributing to the sustainability of urban food systems is a challenge floating farms have in common with vertical (垂直的) farms. I don’t think this project is cost-effective enough to be ③popularized, either,” he said. “As a method to adapt to climate change, it is much cheaper to invest in floating housing rather than floating farms since much of the world’s population lives in coastal areas, while only a small percentage of these communities farm in areas that might be threatened by sea level rise caused by climate change.” 　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹿特丹的一家水上农场以及专家对水上农场的质疑。 5 6 7 8 5.Why are the Aztecs mentioned in the text?(　　) A.To add some background information. B.To sum up the above paragraphs. C.To introduce the topic for discussion. D.To provide advice for the farmers. A 解析:推理判断题。根据第三段“Floating farming isn’t an entirely new idea. Efforts to put agriculture on or in the water are as old as the Aztecs, who built artificial islands to grow food long ago in what’s now Mexico.”可推知,作者提到阿兹特克人是为了给水上农场提供一些背景知识。故选A。 5 6 7 8 6.What is Minke van Wingerden’s main goal of setting up the floating farm?(　　) A.To recycle the waste in cities. B.To increase urban food security. C.To compete with vertical farming. D.To find a low-cost farming method. B 5 6 7 8 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And it doesn’t have to be as well-equipped as Wingerden’s floating farm, which came about after she witnessed the food shortages in New York after Hurricane Sandy hit the city in 2012.”以及第五段“‘When you have floating farms, you are climate-adaptive,’ said Wingerden. ‘It is also sensible for you to take fresher, healthier food close to cities.’”可知,Minke van Wingerden建立水上农场的主要目的是加强城市粮食的安全性。故选B。 5 6 7 8 7.What did Daniel Petrovics say about vertical farms?(　　) A.They are very likely to be widely adopted in cities. B.They are a practical solution to urban food shortages. C.They are too costly to be popularized in the near future. D.They can be helpful in the fight against climate change. C 5 6 7 8 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘...I don’t think this project is cost-effective enough to be popularized, either,’he said.”可知,Daniel Petrovics觉得垂直农场的成本高,取得的效益不足以推广。由此推知, Daniel Petrovics觉得垂直农场太昂贵了,在不久的将来不会普及。故选C。 5 6 7 8 8.What can be a suitable title for the text?(　　) A.Are Floating Farms the Future? B.Are Organic Products Healthier? C.How Can We Produce Enough Food? D.What Are Floating Farms’ Advantages? A 5 6 7 8 解析:标题归纳题。通读全文以及最后一段中的“‘Contributing to the sustainability of urban food systems is a challenge floating farms have in common with vertical farms. I don’t think this project is cost-effective enough to be popularized, either,’he said.”可知,文章主要介绍了鹿特丹的一家水上农场以及专家对水上农场的质疑。由此可知,“水上农场是未来的趋势吗?”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。 5 6 7 8 [语境猜词] ①milk (转) 文章义:________ [熟义:n.牛奶] ②sensible (派) _________ [sense n.感觉　e→-ible] ③popularize (派) [popular adj.受大众喜爱的,受欢迎的+-ize] ④本句为主从复合句, who引导__________ _从句,修饰______ _______, what’s now Mexico 为 从句,作介词in的 ;结构“as...as... ”意为 。  译文:____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ v.挤奶 adj.明智的 v.推广 非限制性定语 the Aztecs 宾语 宾语 和……一样…… 在水上或水中种植农业的努力与阿兹特克人一样古老,他们 很久以前就在现在的墨西哥建造了人工岛来种植粮食。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) 　　(2024·河南三模)Oscar Wilde, a famous poet and playwright, is probably known for his conversation as much as for his literary works. There are some stories 　1　 the fact that the man, as well as being a great wit (说话诙谐的人), was also often rather wise.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 When Wilde was studying Classics at Oxford, he took part in a(n) 　 __2　 once. As a result, he needed to 　3　 a chosen passage from the story of a famous person. After several minutes, the examiners were 　__4　, and signaled him that he could 　5　. For most students, they would have 　6　 finished there, but Wilde ignored them and 　7　 to translate. Again the examiners attempted to give him a(n) 　8　, and this time they succeeded, telling him that he did a good job and could leave. “Oh, do let me go on,” said Wilde, “I just want to see how it 　9　.”  On another occasion, Wilde 　10　 that one day he was hard at work 　__11　 his poetry. “I was working on my poems all the morning and 　__12_　 a comma (逗号),” he said to his friend. “And in the afternoon?” his friend asked. “Well, I put it back again,” responded Wilde.  But it’s 　13　 that there is always someone who is much smarter than us. The renowned actress Sarah Bernhardt was once talking to Wilde when he went to 　14　. Wilde inquired, “Do you mind if I light up a cigarette?” Bernhardt shot back, “Oscar, I don’t mind if you burn.” Did the witty Wilde meet his 　15　?  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名诗人和剧作家Oscar Wilde的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 1.A.ignoring　　　 B.suggesting C.challenging D.contradicting 答案:B 解析:ignore忽视;suggest表明;challenge挑战;contradict反驳。根据上文“Oscar Wilde, a famous poet and playwright, is probably known for his conversation as much as for his literary works.”以及空后“the fact that the man, as well as being a great wit, was also often rather wise”可知,文章要讲述一些表明Oscar Wilde说话诙谐且富有智慧的故事。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 2.A.training B.experiment C.adventure D.examination 答案:D 解析:training训练;experiment实验;adventure冒险;examination考试。根据下文“After several minutes, the examiners”可知,Wilde在参加考试。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.revise B.assess C.translate D.adapt 答案:C 解析:revise修订;assess评估;translate翻译;adapt适应。根据下文“but Wilde ignored them and 　7　 to translate”可知,Wilde的考试是需要翻译一段话。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.considerate B.impatient C.satisfied D.confused 答案:C 解析:considerate考虑周到的;impatient不耐烦的;satisfied满意的;confused困惑的。根据下文“Again the examiners attempted to give him a(n) 　8　, and this time they succeeded, telling him that he did a good job and could leave.”可知,主考官对Wilde的表现很满意,多次示意他停下来结束考试。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.stop B.wait C.question D.repeat 答案:A 解析:stop停止;wait等待;question提问;repeat重复。根据下文“For most students, they would have 　6　 finished there”以及“telling him that he did a good job and could leave”可知,主考官示意他可以停下来。故选A。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.shamefully B.angrily C.gladly D.nervously 答案:C 解析:shamefully羞愧地;angrily生气地;gladly高兴地;nervously紧张地。根据下文“Again the examiners attempted to give him a(n) 　8　, and this time they succeeded, telling him that he did a good job and could leave.”可知,主考官对Wilde的表现很满意,让他停下来结束考试,结合“For most students”可推知,对大多数考生来说,遇到这种情况时会很高兴地结束考试。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.agreed B.continued C.hurried D.promised 答案:B 解析:agree同意;continue继续;hurry匆忙;promise承诺。根据上文“Wilde ignored them”和下文“Oh, do let me go on”可知,Wilde无视主考官所给的结束考试的示意信号,继续进行翻译。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.interruption B.explanation C.punishment D.judgment 答案:A 解析:interruption中断;explanation解释;punishment惩罚;judgment判断。根据上文“Again”以及空后“and this time they succeeded, telling him that he did a good job and could leave”可知,第一次示意被无视之后,主考官再次尝试打断他的翻译,让他停下来,告诉他可以结束考试离开了。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.arises B.improves C.works D.ends 答案:D 解析:根据上文“As a result, he needed to 　3　 a chosen passage from the story of a famous person.”以及“Oh, do let me go on”可推知,Wilde不愿意停下来,因为他想知道这个名人的故事结局如何。故选D。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.assumed B.declared C.expected D.mentioned 答案:D 解析:assume假定;declare宣布;expect期望;mention提到。根据下文“‘I was working on my poems all the morning and 　12　 a comma,’ he said to his friend.”以及“‘Well, I put it back again,’ responded Wilde.”可知,Wilde在向朋友讲述自己有一天在写作时发生在自己身上的事情。mention“提到”符合语境。故选D。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.polishing B.selecting C.posting D.memorizing 答案:A 解析:polish润色,修改;select选择;post发布;memorize记忆。根据下文“‘I was working on my poems all the morning and 　12　 a comma,’ ...responded Wilde.”可知,Wilde考虑诗中逗号的问题。由此可知,他是在给诗歌进行修改、润色。故选A。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.came across B.took out C.searched for D.went over 答案:B 解析:come across偶然遇到;take out拿出,去掉;search for搜索;go over复习。根据下文“Well, I put it back again”可知,他先前把逗号去掉了。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.appropriate B.useful C.true D.rare 答案:C 解析:appropriate适当的;useful有用的;true真的,确实的;rare稀有的。根据空后“there is always someone who is much smarter than us”以及下文“Wilde inquired...Did the witty Wilde meet his 　15　?”中讲述的Bernhardt用风趣的方式回应了Wilde可知,作者表达的是:但是确实总是有人比我们聪明得多。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.rest B.exercise C.study D.smoke 答案:D 解析:rest休息;exercise锻炼;study学习;smoke抽烟。根据下文“Wilde inquired, ‘Do you mind if I light up a cigarette?’”可知,Wilde想去抽烟。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.match B.partner C.supporter D.witness 答案:A 解析:match旗鼓相当的人,对手;partner伙伴;supporter支持者;witness见证人。根据上文“there is always someone who is much smarter than us”以及Bernhardt的回答“Oscar, I don’t mind if you burn.”可知,Bernhardt用风趣的方式回应了Wilde,表现出她的机智与幽默,所以作者说“机智的Wilde遇到对手了吗?”。故选A。 写作规范练(四) Ⅰ.应用文写作——感谢信(满分15分) 　　(2024·云南昆明第二次“三诊一模”)假定你是李华,你在学校举办的“Adversity and Courage”英语演讲比赛中获奖,请给指导外教 Miss Morton 写一封邮件表示感谢。内容包括: 　　1.感谢指导; 　　2.个人感悟。 　　注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear Miss Morton, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Miss Morton,  　　I’m writing to convey my gratitude to you for your invaluable assistance in the English speech contest,with the theme of “Adversity and Courage”.Without your guidance,I couldn’t have ranked first. 　　Your professional and constructive criticism has been a key part of my progress.From choices of words to the presentation skills of attracting audience,your lessons have been enlightening.What’s particularly memorable is that your feedback is always on point and encouraging, forming the core of my confidence and persistence.Looking back,the whole process enables me to pursue my dream courageously despite the obstacles on the way. 　　Many thanks again for your kind help. Yours, Li Hua  Ⅱ.读后续写——友谊情深(满分25分) 　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　(2025·贵州贵阳质监)At a neighbor’s pool the summer after sixth grade, Charley shouted out those famous last words, “Hey, watch this!” As he dove into the pool, Tad froze. It wasn’t the deep end! Charley was hurt bad when he hit the bottom of the swimming pool. The doctor said he might have broken his back and could lose the use of his legs. His life would change forever. Tad didn’t see Charley for over a month after he was carried away in the screaming ambulance. When Tad went to visit Charley in the hospital, his “Hey, dude, how’s it going?” was greeted by an annoyed grunt (嘟哝声). Looking small and pale, Charley cried, “I can’t walk—how do you think I feel? I wish I were dead!” “Bro, you’ll get well! You’re tough.” “No, the doctor said I wouldn’t.” “Aw, man. That’s horrible!” And the conversation died right there. Tad didn’t go back after that. He just didn’t know what to say. When Charley got out of the hospital, Tad went over to his house a few times and played video games, but it just wasn’t the same. Not only was his friend’s body damaged, so was his spirit. Tad had made friends with other boys who enjoyed all the things he and Charley used to do. Even if he felt sad and guilty, he wasn’t spending more time at Charley’s. Tad wanted to help and be a good friend but didn’t know how to now. Charley just became sadder and sadder, and Tad spent less and less time with him as the school year passed. When the summer break started again, Tad didn’t see much of Charley. He had made the baseball team and didn’t have time for video games. At least he told himself that was the reason. He was shocked right before eighth grade started when he saw Charley sailing down the sidewalk with a big black dog by his wheelchair. “Wow, what’s this?” said Tad, running over to his friend. “This is Rowdy! He helps me.” 注意:续写词数应为150个左右。 “Wow, what does he do?” Tad was interested.__________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After that, Tad could sense something had changed._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] “Wow, what does he do?” Tad was interested. “Anything I tell him!” “Cool!” “Watch this! Pull!” With Rowdy pulling and Charley guiding him,Tad had to run to keep up with them.At the gym,Rowdy opened the door for Charley to wheel himself through.In class,Rowdy handed Charley his dropped pen and carried his books in his backpack.As Charley rolled to his next class,he drove Rowdy on and they went flying down the hallway.Tad looked at them and laughed happily,just like old times!  After that,Tad could sense something had changed.Charley was accustomed to his life in wheelchair.What’s better, he was grinning at school for the first time since the accident.Yeah,the previous Charley was back! Tad and Charley got to be best friends again.Tad didn’t feel he had to watch what he said or be on guard to help his friend all the time. It wasn’t long before the dog was just one more guy included in everything that went on! More importantly,so was Charley,the wheelchair and all.  基础知识过关练(四)(选择性必修第一册) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分,共25分) 1. The man insisted that he ⁠ (be) not involved in the accident and that he should be set free. 2. Each chapter concludes ⁠ a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. 3. Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he ⁠ (do) some good things.  was with had done 4. Even under the ⁠ (circumstance), he still spared no effort to analyse and evaluate our collected data. 5. Many educators are strongly opposed to ⁠ (protect) children too much. 6. His speech was so great that it was several minutes ⁠ the applause died down. 7. He insisted on going there alone in spite of a ⁠ (warn) issued by the local government. circumstances protecting before warning 8. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it ⁠ (automatic). 9. The government decided to lift a ban ⁠ imports of certain goods. 10. I hold the faith that nothing is as ⁠ (appeal) as spending time with the family. 11. The lecture was given in a relaxing and ⁠ (amuse) way, but was still rich in helpful and practical knowledge. automatically on appealing amusing 12. While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her ⁠ the piano. 13. They have been discussing the problem for two hours, ⁠ (reach) no agreement at last. 14. A survey done recently shows that not all parents approve ⁠ their children taking part in the weekend classes. 15. The athlete has already distinguished ⁠ (she) as a great volleyball coach in the world. on/at reaching of herself 16. She felt so ⁠ (shame) of her foolish behavior that she could feel her face burning. 17. Some schools will have to make ⁠ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 18. So inspiring is your speech that I’m ⁠ (convince) that all students will benefit a lot from it. 19. ⁠ (assume) I am elected chairman, I will organise more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school lives. ashamed adjustments convinced Assuming 20. You must state your full name, age and ⁠ (occupy) in your application form. 21. What ⁠ me was that my son always stayed up late and I warned him ⁠ not to do that again.(anger) 22. One of the worst ⁠ of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer. ⁠, you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent) occupation angered angrily consequences Consequently 23. To describe the thing with ⁠, you must get ⁠ data. (accurate) 24. of after-class activities will be held, ⁠ from the English corner to the literature club. So we students can get ⁠ experiences. (vary) 25. He is so ⁠ to his English teaching that everyone admires him for his ⁠.(devote) accuracy accurate Varieties varying various devoted devotion Ⅱ.词块/短语运用(每小题2分,共30分) 1. It is necessary for you to (总结你的 经验) constantly and improve the efficiency of your work.  2. Yesterday he (任职销售 经理的职位) at that international supermarket.  3. She (坚持要说服我) until I promised to give up this thought.  sum up your experience took up a position as a sales manager insisted on persuading me 4. I was about to (关闭厨房的灯) when Paul came near me with pleading eyes.  5. E-mail has transformed the way people communicate in the past few years, which makes it convenient for us to ⁠ (彼此保持联系).  6. The basement (因为未知原 因着火) but luckily, the firemen put it out quickly.  switch off the kitchen light keep in touch with each other caught fire for unknown reasons 7. She (开始创造一种更健 康的生活方式) by exercising regularly and eating well.  8. With much rubbish floating on the river, I ⁠ (呼吁每个人来保护环境).  9. In China, it is believed that when Fu (被上 下颠倒放置), happiness arrives.  10. (与去年相比), the price of house has increased sharply.  sets out to create a healthier lifestyle appeal to everyone to protect our environment is put upside down By/In comparison with last year 11. Now that you have (赞成我的主意), I will introduce it to you in detail.  12. Setting a goal is the first step to success; (换 句话说), if you want to succeed, you must set a goal first.  13. Keep up your courage, since life ⁠ (由欢乐和悲伤组成).  approved of my idea in other words is comprised of joy and sadness 14. Regular exercise not only helps us build up our health, but it also (反过来帮助我们更 有效地学习).  15. We are often ⁠ (为我们的短处、错误和失败感到羞耻).   helps us learn more effectively in turn ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures Ⅲ.完成句子/一句多译/句式升级(每小题2分,共20分) 1. 很荣幸能发表演讲,与大家分享我对京剧的看法。(it is an honour to do ...) ⁠ ⁠ on Beijing Opera.  It is a great honour to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions 2. The film is universally acknowledged to be not only instructive but also full of passion. → the film is not only instructive but also full of passion. (it作形式主语)  3. 他一到剧院,就发现(他把)朋友给他的票落在家里了。 ① , he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.(on/upon)  It is universally acknowledged that On/Upon arriving at the theatre ② , he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.(the instant/moment /minute)  ③ ⁠, he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home. (instantly/immediately/directly)  The instant/moment/minute he arrived at the theatre Instantly/Immediately/Directly he arrived at the theatre 4. She is occupied in looking after three children at home, so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club. →① ⁠ three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(过去分词 短语作状语)  →② ⁠ three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(现在 分词短语作状语)  Occupied in looking after Occupying herself in looking after 5. First of all, I speak English fluently.It allows me to communicate with visitors without delay. →①First of all, I speak English fluently, ⁠ .(定语从句)  →②First of all, I speak English fluently, ⁠ .(分词作状语)  which allows me to communicate with visitors without delay allowing me to communicate with visitors without delay 6. 众所周知,声音在水里的传播速度大约是在空气里的四倍。(倍 数+as+adj.+as...) What is well known is that sound can travel about ⁠ ⁠ through air.  four times as fast through water as 7. (2022·全国乙卷)通过以上图表可以看出,并非所有学生都采用 同一种方法学英语。(部分否定) According to the above graph, it can be seen that ⁠ ⁠ .⁠ not all of the students adopt the same approach to learning English/all of the students don’t adopt the same approach to learning English 8. I’m convinced that you like paper-cutting, so I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition. → , I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition.(分词短语作状语)  9. 考虑到我们学生需要更多的锻炼,我校上周日组织了一次越野 赛跑。(given that...) ⁠, our school organised a cross-country running race last Sunday.  Convinced that you like paper-cutting Given that we students need more exercise 10. 令我印象最深的是,无论何时我遇到困难,我的爸爸都会激励我 坚持梦想。(what引导主语从句) ⁠ my father will always motivate me to stick to my dream whenever I come across difficulties.  What impresses me most is that $$