选修1 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE 主题语境　人际沟通 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 ◆重难点词汇 四级词汇 anger n.[U]愤怒,怒气,生气 vt.使生气,激怒(angry adj.生气的;愤怒的　angrily adv.生气地;愤怒地) anxiety n.[U]焦虑;[C]担心,害怕(anxious adj.忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的　anxiously adv.焦虑地) 　be in (great) anxiety(非常)担忧 ashamed adj.[不用于名词前]羞愧,惭愧(shame n.羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事　shameful adj.可耻的　shameless adj.无耻的,没廉耻的) 背诵默写本 　(be) ashamed of因……羞愧 bend vt.& vi.(bent, bent) (使)弯曲;(使)倾斜;(使)弯腰;偏向 n.[C]拐弯,弯道 conflict n.[C]&[U]矛盾,冲突,分歧 vi.抵触,冲突,不一致 　come into conflict with与……产生矛盾 employ vt.[正式用语]使用,应用;雇用(employee n.雇员;受雇者　employer n.雇主;雇用者　employment n.雇用;聘用) favour vt.较喜欢,选择;有利于 n.[U]赞同,支持;好意,偏爱;[C]恩惠;帮助(favourable adj.赞成的;有利的　favourite adj.最喜欢的) in favour of赞同,支持 　favour doing sth.较喜欢做某事 　ask/do sb. a favour请某人帮忙/帮某人一个忙 imply vt.说明,表明;暗示,意味着 lower vt.把……放低,把……降下;降低,减少(价格、声音等) adj.下面的,下方的;较小的 react vi.(对……)起反应,回应;(对食物等)有不良反应(reaction n.反应;副作用) slightly adv.略微,稍微(slight adj.轻微的,略微的;细小的) stare vi.盯着看,凝视 n.[C]凝视 三级词汇 adjust vt.调整,调节 vi.& vt.适应,(使)习惯(adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的　adjustment n.调整;调节;适应) 　adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth.(使自己)习惯于(做)某事 approve vi.赞成,同意 vt.通过,批准(approval n.赞成,同意,批准) 　approve of sth.赞成某事 assess vt.评估,评价;估算,估价 assessment n.[C]&[U]评定,评价;估价,估算 barrier n.[C]隔阂;障碍;屏障,关卡 　break down barriers打破隔阂 bother n.[U]麻烦,不便 vi.& vt.费心,麻烦,因……操心 vt.使烦恼,使苦恼,打扰 　(not) bother to do/doing sth.(不)费心做某事 differ vi.相异,不同于;不同意,意见不合(different adj.不同的;有差异的　difference n.差别;差异) 　differ from不同于 distinguish vi.& vt.区分,辨别 vt.使杰出,使具有……的特色(distinguished adj.卓越的,杰出的) 　distinguish...from...辨别……和…… embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的(embarrassing adj.使人难堪的;令人尴尬的　embarrass vt.使窘迫;使尴尬　embarrassment n.难堪,窘迫) interaction n.[C]&[U]交流,互动;相互影响(interact vi.相互交流;相互影响) merely adv.只是,仅仅,只不过 reliable adj.可信赖的,可靠的(rely v.依赖;信赖) tendency n.[C]趋势,倾向 (tend vt.& vi.照料,护理;倾向于,有……的趋势) 　a tendency towards/to……的趋势 　have a tendency to do sth.易于做某事,往往会做某事 vary vi.(大小、形状等)相异,不同;(根据情况)变化,改变 vt.改变 (various adj. 不同的;各种各样的　variety n.多样性;变化;种类) vary from...to从……到……之间变化 二级词汇 appropriate adj.恰当的,合适的 　be appropriate for/to适合…… 　It is appropriate ( for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事是合适的 bow vi.鞠躬,点头 vt.低(头) n.[C]点头,鞠躬;弓;蝴蝶结 clarify vt.[正式用语]阐明,澄清,使更清晰易懂(clarification n.阐明,澄清) demonstrate vt.表现,表露;证明,论证;示范,演示;表达,说明 vi.游行示威 gesture n.[C]&[U]姿势,手势;[C]姿态 incident n.[C]&[U]严重事件;[C]冲突;发生的事情 internal adj.里面的,内心的,内部的;体内的 occupy vt.使忙碌;占用(时间、空间);占据,占领 (occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的　occupation n.占领;职业) 　be occupied with sth./(in) doing sth.忙于(做)某事 reveal vt.揭示,显示,露出 tone n.[C]腔调,语气,口吻 trial n.[C]&[U]审判,审讯;试用,试验 vt.& vi.测试,试验;试用 witness vt.目击,见证,当场看到 n.[C]目击者,证人,见证人 一级词汇 barely adv.几乎不;仅仅,勉强才能,刚刚 (bare adj.赤裸的;光秃秃的;空的) component n.[C]组成部分;零件;成分 adj.组成的,构成的 identical adj.同一的,相同的 inquire/enquire vi.& vt.打听,询问;调查(inquiry/enquiry n.询问;调查) interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vt.& vi.口译 perceive vt.[正式用语]察觉,发觉;看待;理解 pose vi.摆好姿势;佯装 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) n.[C](为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势;故作姿态 ultimately adv.最后,最终(ultimate adj.最后的;极端的) weep vi.& vt.(wept,wept)[正式用语]流泪,哭泣 　weep for joy喜极而泣 distract vt.分散(注意力),使分心 (distraction n.使人分心的事) ◆短语与词块 1.by contrast相比之下 2.by comparison(与……)相比较 3.make inferences推理;推断 4.break down消除;分解;打破 5.straighten up直起来;整理;收拾整齐 6.in other words换句话说;也就是说 7.call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请 8.at work有某种影响;在工作 9.hold one’s arms双手抱臂 10.hide one’s face in one’s hands双手捂脸 11.put one’s feet up把双腿平搁起来休息 12.have one’s legs closed or crossed双腿并拢或交叉 13.have one’s head lowered低着头 14.with one’s chin on one’s hands双手托着下巴 15.have one’s arms crossed in front of one’s chest双臂交叉放在胸前 ◆句式表达 1.句式:“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义 And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。 2.句式:部分否定 Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然,并不是每个抬头看的人都在专心听讲。 3.句式:while引导让步状语从句 While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 4.句式:have sth.done Students who are angry,afraid,or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed,like they are guarding their bodies.愤怒、害怕或正经历焦虑的学生可能会双臂交叉抱在胸前,他们双腿并拢或交叉,就像他们在保护自己的身体一样。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.核心词块 1.economic 经济互动 2.an response/measure/method 恰如其分的反应;恰当的措施/方法 3.make a rude 做粗鲁的手势 4. ourselves in studying 致力于学习 5.the disappearance of a vital 一名重要证人的失踪 6.a row of houses 一排完全一样的房子 interaction appropriate gesture employ witness identical 7. it in many different ways 从多方面解读它 8. his head低下他的头 9.owe me a 欠我一个人情 10.the removal of trade 贸易壁垒的消除 11.be filled with 满腔怒火 12.an isolated 个别事件 13.come to 开庭审理 14.a different version 一个略有不同的说法 15. doors 内门 interpret bow/lower favour barriers anger incident trial slightly internal 16. the pine trees 把松树压弯 17. a secret 泄露一条秘密 18. a situation/a problem/an issue 澄清情况/问题 19.a strong natural towards caution天生非常小心谨慎 20. blood pressure降血压 21. him to be honest暗指他是诚实的 22.be tolerable几乎令人难以忍受 23. television as entertainment把电视看作娱乐 24.be a question of time只是时间问题 bend reveal clarify tendency lower imply barely perceive merely 25. her with my problems让她为我的事操心 26.a between two cultures 两种文化之间的冲突 27. about train times查询列车时间 28.a vital 一个至关重要的因素 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1. n.交流;相互影响→ vi.相互交流;相互影响 2. vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→ adj.不同的;各种各样的→ n.多样性;变化;种类 3. vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→ n.赞成;同意;批准→ adj.赞许的;赞成的 bother conflict inquire/enquire component interaction interact vary various variety approve approval approving 4. vt.使用;应用;雇用→ n.雇员;受雇者→___________ n.雇主;雇用者→ n.雇用;聘用 5. n.愤怒;怒气 vt.使生气;激怒→ adj.生气的;愤怒的→ adv.生气地;愤怒地 6. n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→ vt.教育→___________ adj.受过教育的;有教养的→ n.教育 7. n.趋势;倾向→ vt.& vi.照料;护理 vi.倾向于;有……的趋势 8. vi.& vt.区分;辨别→ adj.卓越的;杰出的 employ employee employer employment anger angry angrily educator educate educated education tendency tend distinguish distinguished 9. n.焦虑;担心;害怕→ adj.忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的→ adv.焦虑地 10. vi.& vt.询问;打听→ n.询问;调查 11. vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→ adj.可调整的;可调节的→ n.调整;调节;适应 anxiety anxious anxiously inquire/enquire inquiry adjust adjustable adjustment 结合语境变形单词 12.I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a (rely) person in the future. 13.I tried shaking the dying dog when I found it but there was no _________(react), which made me numb with sorrow. 14.He an important position in his company, and is _________with all kinds of affairs. His brings him great fame.(occupy) reliable reaction occupies occupied occupation 15.I feel of my behaviour in public,which is a _________to me.(shame) 16.My teacher asked me an question in front of all my classmates. I felt very______________, written on my red face.(embarrass) Ⅲ.重点短语 1. crops 各种作物  2.seem very old-fashioned 相比之下显得陈旧过时了  3. each other in color 在颜色方面彼此不同  4. from his words 从他的言语中做出推论  ashamed shameful shame embarrassing embarrassed embarrassment varieties of by contrast differ from make inferences 5. the bed整理床铺  6. 换句话说;也就是说   7. the cleaning of the house忙于打扫那幢房子  8.be foolish behavior 因愚蠢的行为举止而羞愧  9.be under a lot of pressure 工作压力很大  根据语境完成句子 10.The speaker ________________________________________ __________________________________(号召青年人加入该组织为社会作出适当的贡献).  straighten up in other words be occupied with ashamed of at work called on the youth to join the organization to make appropriate contributions to society 11.Getting the teenagers together will help to _________________ ________________________(打破他们之间的隔阂).  12.I _________________________________________(我赞成你试图赚些钱),but please don’t neglect your studies.  13.My shoes are small (与我姐姐的相比).  14.It took the foreigners some time to ____________________(适应我们的生活方式).  barriers among them break down the approve of your trying to earn some money compared/by comparison with my sister’s adjust to our way of life Ⅳ.句式仿写 1.调查显示,在课堂之外,并非所有的学生都采用同一种方法来学习英语。(部分否定) The survey shows that ______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________beyond the classroom.  not all of the students adopt the same approach to learning English /all of the students don’t adopt the same approach to learning English 2.虽然适度的压力是有益的,但太多的压力会让你疲惫不堪。 (while 引导让步状语从句) , too much stress can exhaust you.  3.这不仅是我想要的,也是我所需的。(not only...but also...) This is not only just what I want, but also .  While a moderate amount of stress can be beneficial what I need 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→ adj.不同的;各种各样的→ n.多样性;变化;种类 various variety (1)vary from...to...在……到……之间变化;从……到……不等 vary in sth. 在某方面不同 vary with...随……而变化 (2)a variety of=varieties of 多种多样的 ①A wide (vary) of after-school activities will broaden our horizons and enrich the school life. ②As an interview program, we often invite special guests to share opinions on (vary) topics. ③我有各种各样的爱好,从打篮球到读短篇故事不等。我的梦想是开设自己的公司。(自我介绍) I have___________________________________________________ ________________________________. My dream is to start my own company.  variety various a variety of/varieties of/various hobbies,varying from playing basketball to reading short stories 2.approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过→ n.赞成;通过;同意;认可;批准→ v.不赞成;不同意 approval disapprove (1)approve of (sb./sb.’s doing) sth.赞成/同意(某人做)某事 approve sth. 批准某事 (2)give one’s approval to sth. 某人批准某事 win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意 ①You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve it. ②I would appreciate it if my application could get your ________ (approve). ③经过热烈的讨论,老师最终同意我们制作一段视频来记录我们的在校经历。 →After a heated discussion, the teacher finally ________________ __________________________ _ at school.(approval)  →After a heated discussion, the teacher finally _________________ _______________________________________at school.(approve)  of approval gave his approval to us making a video to record our experiences making a video to record our experiences approved of us/our 3.witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人 (1)witness sth./that...目击…… (2)(a) witness to sth.……的目击者/证明/证据 (3)时间/地点名词+witness+sth.……目睹/见证了某事 ①What the police did first was to question all the (witness) involved in the accident last week. ②The crowd erupted in applause, their hearts filled with joy and gratitude for being witness such a remarkable rescue. ③(2023·浙江1月卷)上周日见证我参加了学生会组织的一项名为“认识我们身边的植物”的有意义的活动。(拟人) Last Sunday ____________________________________________ named “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” organized by the Student Union.  witnesses to witnessed my participating in a meaningful activity 4.favour (NAmE -vor)vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同→_____________ adj.赞成的;有利的→ adj.最喜欢的 favourable favourite (1)ask sb. a favour=ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙 do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb.帮某人忙 owe sb. a favour欠某人的人情 (2)in favour of同意;支持;赞成 in one’s favour对某人有利 (3)be favourable for/to对……有利 ①We were delighted that the weather conditions were ___________ (favour) for the outdoor event. ②得知大多数同学都不赞成我这个周末去野餐的计划,我很沮丧。 Knowing that most of my classmates __________________________ to go for a picnic this weekend, I was upset.  favourable were not in favour of my plan ③我渴望学好英语,但我不知道怎么学,所以我写信请你帮忙,并且我相信你的建议会对我大有帮助。(求助信) I long to study English well, but I don’t know how, so I’m writing to ________________________________and I believe your suggestions will be greatly helpful to me.  ④我从这段经历中学到了:机会和成功青睐于那些已经准备好了的人。(主旨升华) I learned from this experience that____________________________ ________________________.  ask you a favour/ask a favour of you opportunities and success favour those who are ready 5.occupy vt.占用;占领;占据→ adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的→ n.占领;职业 occupied occupation (1)occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事;专心(做)某事 (2)be occupied with (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事 be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 ①Choosing an (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about. ②The students were occupied in preparing for their exams and had no time for extracurricular activities. → preparing for their exams, the students had no time for extracurricular activities.(现在分词短语作状语)  → preparing for their exams, the students had no time for extracurricular activities.(过去分词短语作状语)  occupation Occupying themselves in Occupied in 6.distinguish vi.& vt.区分;辨别→ adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的 distinguished (1)distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish...from...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as/to be作为……而出名 (2)be distinguished for/as...因/作为……而出名 ①Before birth, babies can distinguish their mother’s voice that of a female stranger. ②Hangzhou is distinguished for its attractive scenery and it witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. → , Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(分词短语作状语)  from Distinguished for its attractive scenery ③孔子是中国人民的骄傲,他作为中国历史上一位著名的思想家、教育家和哲学家而闻名。(人物介绍) Confucius is the pride of the Chinese people who _______________ ______________________________________________________________ _in Chinese history.   himself/was distinguished as a famous thinker, educator and distinguished philosopher 7.adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→ n.调整;适应→ adj.可调节的;可调整的 adjustment adjustable (1)adjust (oneself) to (doing)...适应……;习惯…… adjust...to...调整……以适应…… (2)make an adjustment/adjustments作出调整 ①Some schools will make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. ②The company offers (adjust) working hours to accommodate to employees’ personal schedules. ③我知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难,所以我写信给你一些建议。(建议信) Knowing that ____________ ________________, I’m writing to give you some tips.  adjustments adjustable you have some difficulties adjusting yourself to the new school life 8.break down分解;(机器等)损坏,出故障;(谈判)失败;(身体)垮掉;消除;打破 break away (from) 离开;脱离 break in (不及物)插嘴;闯入 break into (及物)闯入;突然……起来 break out爆发 break up分散;拆散;驱散;分手 break through突破;克服 用break相关短语的正确形式填空 ①Thieves , stole some valuable items and then ran into the crowd. The police the crowd, attempting to catch them.  ②The war after years of tension. Finally the province ________________ the country and formed a new state.  ③There was a time when she and cried under the pressure of work but at last she the difficulties and achieved her goals.  broke in broke up broke away from broke down broke through broke out 9.have+宾语+宾语补足语 本句中“has his head lowered”为“have +宾语+宾语补足语”结构。 常见的“have+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构有: (1)have sth. done让/叫别人做某事;遭遇某种(不幸的)事情;使某事完成 (2)have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 (3)have sth. to do有事情要做(不定式作定语) (4)have sb. doing sth.意为“允许某人做某事”时,常用于否定句中;意为“让某人一直做某事”时,强调动作的持续性。 [教材原句]　So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.如果一个学生把头低下去看手表,那就表明他厌烦了,只是在数着时间等下课。 ①You can’t have your children (run) around in the house. ②There is no need to worry.I will have Tom (pick) you up at the airport. ③我打算做一份兼职工作,通过这份工作我想开阔我的眼界。 I intend to take up a part-time job, through which I’d like to_______ __________________.  running pick horizons broadened have my ④我很抱歉周五下午不能和你一起去书店了。我刚发现那天下午我有一个重要的会议要参加。(道歉信) I’m terribly sorry for not being able to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.I have just found that________________________ _____________________________.  to attend that afternoon I have an important meeting 10.部分否定 (1)部分否定:当all、both、each、every、everybody、everyone、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时,便构成了部分否定结构,意为“不是……都;并非……都”。 (2)全部否定:当neither、no one、no、none、never、nothing、no more、no longer、no way、not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时,构成全部否定结构。 [教材原句]　Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然,不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。 ①事实是并不是每个人都把时间管理看得很重要。 →The truth is that ________________________________________time management.  →The truth is that time management.  ②汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐,但是他们两个都不想去,因为他们都忙于他们的工作。 Tom asked Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but____________ ________________, because they were occupied with their work.  not everyone is attaching great importance to everyone is not attaching great importance to them wanted to neither of Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.We are often ashamed __ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 2.I was wondering if you could do us favour by guiding us to polish a short play. 3.With the time for graduation (approach), we are occupied with our papers. 4.The activity is aimed to call on students (take) exercise for an hour every day.  of a approaching to take 5.Don’t bother ___ (look) for my umbrella,and it will turn up some day.  to look/looking 6.The team is working on technical (adjust) to improve the software’s performance. 7.She kept herself fully (occupy) with volunteer work during her retirement. 8.The past 40 years (witness) great improvement in people’s life thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.  adjustments occupied have witnessed 9.There are (vary) opinions about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, but the most popular one is related to the poet Qu Yuan. 10.After much debate, the proposal gained the (approve) of the staff present at the meeting. Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.我写信给你是想知道你能否帮助我。 The reason why I am writing to you is that I wonder if____________ ___________________________.  various approval me a favour/do a favour for me you could do 2.困扰我的事情是我很难让自己适应新的环境。 What bothers me is that I have much trouble in_________________ _______________________.  3.我非常理解你。毕竟,并不是我们所有人都有能力很快适应新的环境。 I understand you quite well. After all, ______________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________soon.  the new surroundings adjusting myself to to adapt to the new surroundings/all of us don’t have the ability not all of us have the ability to adapt to the new surroundings 4.我呼吁你加入一个学校俱乐部,在那里,你可以交一些新朋友。 I ______ where you can make some new friends.  5.俱乐部会举办各种各样的活动,以此丰富你的校园生活。 __________________________________to enrich your school life.  appeal to you to join a school club Various activities are held in the club Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.(2024·全国甲卷)Like in typical families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. 生义:__________________ 熟义:n.帮助,恩惠 2.He tried to force me to bend to his will, but in vain. 生义:__________ 熟义:v.歪曲,篡改 v.偏袒;特别照顾 v.屈从 3.The policy the minister announced last week could pose a long-term threat to jobs in the coal industry. 生义:___________ 熟义:v.摆姿势 v.造成,引起 4.break down A.(谈判)失败 B.消除　 C.(机器等)出故障　 D.(身体)垮掉　 E.分解 (1)We were downloading learning materials when our computer broke down. __ (2)The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. __ (3)In other words, your health will break down sooner or later if you work too hard. __ C A D 4.break down A.(谈判)失败 B.消除　 C.(机器等)出故障　 D.(身体)垮掉　 E.分解 (4)Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances. __ (5)The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. __ E B 培优2　单元话题写作——手势语 　　根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　Last Saturday witnessed a heated discussion about the importance of body language in cross-culture communication. Most students were ① ___________(赞成) the idea that body language varies from country to country.For example, nodding implies disagreement in some countries;② ___________(相比之下), it means approval in others.But ③ ___________________________________ (并不是所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义;部分否定), thus posing understanding problems in communication.Smile is a universal body language that can ④ (消除许多语言障碍).  in favour of by contrast not all body language has opposite meanings break down many language barriers To promote cross-culture communication, we should use body language appropriately and ⑤ (作出一些调整) when necessary.  make some adjustments 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　weep;anger;anxiety;embarrassed;ashamed [动作描写]　slump;bend;lower;bother;stare;break down 美句 1.There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.(排比) 美句 2.It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.(比喻) 3.Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies.(动作描写, 比喻) 4.Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.(动作描写) 5.They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.(动作描写) 6.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually.(排比) Step 2　语料运用　【邂逅善良的陌生人】 　　一个女孩骑自行车撞倒了一位老奶奶。女孩懒得扶她起来,而是愤怒地责备她。然后,她就骑着车走了。片刻之后,女孩发现后座上的运动鞋丢了。令她吃惊的是,老奶奶正在焦急万分地等她。 A girl riding a bike knocked down an old granny.The girl didn’t bother to help her up but blamed her in anger.Then the girl rode away.A moment later, the girl ① ___________________________ ________________(find+宾语+宾语补足语).To her surprise, the old granny was waiting for her ② ______________ (介词短语). found her sports shoes on the backseat missing with great anxiety 女孩是如此羞愧和尴尬,她低着头,盯着地面,感觉血液涌上了脸庞。女孩终于崩溃了,止不住地哭起来。老奶奶俯下身,温柔地抚摸着她的头,安慰着她。 ③ ______________________________ ________(so...that 倒装句) she ④____________________(have+宾语+宾语补足语) and stared at the ground, ⑤ _____________________________(分词短语作状语).The girl finally broke down and wept without control.The old granny ⑥ ________________________________ _____________________(动作链).  So ashamed and embarrassed was the girl that had her head lowered feeling the blood rush to her face bent forward, stroked her head gently and comforted her 语料积累 【动作细节描写:眼睛(二)】 单词 stare;glance;glare;scan 词块 eyes are wide with horror吓得瞪大眼睛;squeeze one’s eyes shut紧紧闭上眼睛;look straight into one’s eyes直视某人的眼睛;with one’s eyes fixed on sth. 眼睛盯着某物;one’s eyes fall on...目光落在……;make eye contact眼神交流;one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with...眼里闪着……的光芒;narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛 句型 She avoids any eye contact and quickly looks away when someone approaches. 她避免任何眼神交流,当有人靠近时,她会迅速移开视线。 We stared at each other for a while, speechless. 我们面面相觑了一会儿,无言以对。 At the scary scene, she was so frightened that she squeezed her eyes shut. 看到那恐怖的一幕,她吓坏了,紧紧地闭上了眼睛。 So absorbed was Jane that she fixed her eyes on the screen, lost in deep thought. 简全神贯注,目不转睛地盯着屏幕,陷入沉思。 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A 　　(2024·河北保定一模)Politicians, business bosses, and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with their hands, but does the habit influence how others interpret those words? To get to the bottom of it, a team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics conducted a series of experiments on volunteers who ①viewed videos of people speaking with and without hand movements. After showing the volunteers videos of people speaking under different conditions, the researchers asked them questions about what they had heard. Some conditions involved the speaker stressing different parts of words in a sentence. Other conditions involved the speaker making various types of hand gestures, such as pointing and sweeping movements. The team recorded the volunteers as they viewed the video recordings, ②questioning the volunteers afterward about what they had seen and heard. Researchers found that the volunteers were more affected by syllables (音节) spoken with the conjunction of hand gestures: In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. Interestingly, however, volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a ③mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred. Body language expert Carol Goman said, “Studies have found that speaking with your hands really can change the view of your character. People who communicate through active gesturing tend to be considered warm, agreeable, and energetic, while those who remain still are seen as logical, cold, and analytic. In fact, a 2015 study that studied TED Talks, which posts international talks online, found that the most popular speakers used nearly twice as many gestures as the least popular speakers used.” The research team said that their findings suggest that hand gestures are an important part of in-person communication and have a direct impact on what the listener hears. Furthermore, they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up. 　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现,在谈话中使用或不使用手势会对听众产生很大影响。 1.What’s the researchers’ purpose of doing the experiments?(　　) A.To examine the volunteers’ interpreting skills. B.To test the effect hand gestures have on speaking. C.To record the volunteers’ questions for the speaker. D.To confirm the influence hand movements have on leaders. B 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段可知,研究人员做实验的目的是测试手势对说话的影响。故选B。 1 2 3 4 2.What did the researchers find in the experiments?(　　) A.Hand movements affected what the listener heard. B.The speaker stressed different parts of words in a sentence. C.People speaking with different hand gestures had different effects. D.The most popular speakers used more gestures than the least popular speakers did. A 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. Interestingly, however, volunteers were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spoken and the hand gesture occurred. (……然而,有趣的是,当说的话和手势不匹配时,志愿者听到错误声音的可能性要高出40%)”可知,研究人员在实验中发现手的动作会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。 1 2 3 4 3.What does the underlined word “conjunction” mean in paragraph 3?(　　) A.Assistance.　　　　　　 B.Combination. C.Disturbance. D.Interpretation. B 1 2 3 4 解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In 20 percent of the cases, the viewers were more likely to have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture. (在20%的案例中,观众更有可能听到并理解结合手势所说的话)”可推知,此处是指志愿者更容易受到与手势相结合的音节的影响,所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。 1 2 3 4 4.What may the researchers agree with?(　　) A.Gestures can influence others’ view on one’s personality. B.Understanding gestures is a must in every language. C.In-person communication helps interpret gestures. D.Responses to gestures are learning behavior. D 1 2 3 4 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore, they suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.”可推知,研究人员可能认同“对手势的反应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。 [语境猜词] ①view (转) 文章义: [熟义: n.视野;景色;看法] ②question (转) 文章义: [熟义:n.问题,疑问] ③mismatch (派) [mis-+match v. 匹配] v.观看 v.向……提出问题,盘问 n.不匹配 B 　　(2024·山西晋中一模)Many people ask this question, “Why is body language so important?” Studies have shown that in the process of communication, non-verbal (非语言的) expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual words. This means that “how to say” is more important than “what to say”. Of course, this does not mean that you don’t need to make preparations for your interviews and nor does it mean that you can take any ①shortcuts. On the contrary, this means that you have more things to pay attention to and prepare for.  In the real workplace, body language is much more important than you think. Without proper body language, you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you can’t integrate (融合) with the external environment, not to mention the difficulties in the absence of body language in the workplace. “People can often make inferences (推断) from actions, and the results of these inferences directly affect lives: for example, who will be employed and who will be promoted,” Academician Amy Cuddy said in a TV talk show. She also said that “our body language will also affect our perception of ourselves. When you try to make more ②authoritative actions, your brain will unconsciously receive signals and actually create an idea that you are more authoritative, so that you have more confidence in yourself”. Therefore, before interviews or important meetings, try not to ③lean on any object or have your back bent forward. Instead, you should try to keep your body upright. You can even stand straight with a relatively authoritative posture. Of course, you may need to do these things in the bathroom or places where no one could see you. So, as a ④green hand, every time you are nervous or feel that you can’t do it, stretch your body, smile, and tell yourself, “Fake it till you become it!” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言在工作场合的重要性。 5 6 7 8 5.What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?(　　) A.Your words have a greater effect than the way you express yourself. B.The way you express yourself has a greater effect than your words. C.You should pay much attention to the beginning of communication. D.You should attach importance to the process of communication. B 5 6 7 8 解析:代词指代题。根据第一段中画线词上文“... in the process of communication, non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual words. This means that ‘how to say’ is more important than ‘what to say’.”及“Of course, this does not mean that you don’t need to make preparations for your interviews and nor does it mean that you can take any shortcuts.(当然,这并不意味着你不需要为面试做准备,也不意味着你可以走捷径)”可知,this指代的是上文所说“你表达自己的方式比你说的话更重要”。故选B。 5 6 7 8 6.How can improper body language affect people according to the second paragraph?(　　) A.They may not be accepted as a member of a social group. B.They may not make others completely understand them. C.They may not make a bigger achievement in their career. D.They may not have much control over their feelings. A 5 6 7 8 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Without proper body language, you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you can’t integrate with the external environment, not to mention the difficulties in the absence of body language in the workplace.”可知,没有适当的肢体语言,他们可能不会被一个社会群体接受,无法融入这个群体或者圈子。故选A。 5 6 7 8 7.From what angle did Amy Cuddy present her views in paragraph 3?(　　) A.Medicine. B.Philosophy. C.Psychology. D.Biology. C 5 6 7 8 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“People can often make inferences from actions, and the results of these inferences directly affect lives: for example, who will be employed and who will be promoted (人们经常可以从行为中作出推断,这些推断的结果直接影响生活:例如,谁将被雇用,谁将被提升)”及“She also said that ‘our body language will also affect our perception of ourselves...’”可知,Amy Cuddy从心理学的角度陈述了她的观点。故选C。 5 6 7 8 8.Why does the author suggest people not lean on any object?(　　) A.To show they have trust in themselves. B.To demonstrate they show respect to others. C.To prove they are in good physical condition. D.To indicate they tend to be friendly to others. A 5 6 7 8 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When you try to make more authoritative actions, your brain will unconsciously receive signals and actually create an idea that you are more authoritative, so that you have more confidence in yourself”及下一段中的“Therefore... try not to lean on any object or have your back bent forward. Instead, you should try to keep your body upright.”可知,作者建议人们不应该倚靠任何物品是为了表明他们对自己有信心。故选A。 [语境猜词] ①shortcut (合) [short adj.短的+cut v.切;割 n.伤口;缩减] ②authoritative (派) [authority n.当局,当权者;威信　y→-ative] ③lean on ____________________ ④green hand _____________________ n.捷径 adj.权威的 靠在……上;依赖…… 生手,没有经验的人 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) 　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了仅仅通过短信交流而带来的一些问题,比如缺少语调、缺乏肢体语言,以及不同的短信交流节奏、符号和动画带来的问题等。 　 (2024·云南昆明 “三诊一模”教学质检)It’s common to communicate by way of text, and that works well for everything from setting plans with a friend to asking you to pick up a grocery item. 1(　　) Fighting over text can cause problems and can even break up friendships or partnerships. Ahead, we’ll examine why.  A.Body language is absent. B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone. C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 1.答案:F 解析:上文的“It’s common to communicate by way of text”说明通过发短信沟通是很普遍的现象,下文谈到“Fighting over text”,故F项“然而,我们可能过于重视通过短信进行沟通了”承上启下,符合语境。 •There’s no vocal tone involved. When we speak, the person we’re talking to can tell how serious or light we are by our tones. 2(　　) Everything is flat in writing, so without vocal tones to clarify, it’s easy to assume the worst in someone and their intentions.  A.Body language is absent. B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone. C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 2.答案:B 解析:根据标题“There’s no vocal tone involved.”可知,本段主要讲述短信没有音调,B项“另一方面,短信没有语气”与标题表达的意思一致。 •3(　　)  We also communicate in person through nonverbal ways. How we act physically lets others know how we feel, and without that in text, an argument can be worsened to a terrible point without one person even becoming aware of how upset the other is. A.Body language is absent. B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone. C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 3.答案:A 解析:段落标题句。本段中的“How we act physically lets others know how we feel”说明我们的肢体行为让别人知道我们的感受。“act physically”指的就是A项中的“Body language”,也就是说通过短信交流,肢体语言是缺乏的,对方不知道你的感受,一个人甚至不会意识到另一个人有多沮丧。故选A。 •Different communication paces affect a lot. 4(　　) And when arguing, it can get even faster. It happens not to read all of a person’s reply before you respond again, and the more upset you get, the harder it may be to express yourself clearly or to understand the person you’re fighting with.   A.Body language is absent. B.Text, on the other hand, has no tone. C.Long-term healthy relationships collapse. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However, we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 4.答案:D 解析:根据空后的“And when arguing, it can get even faster.”可知,D项中的“a quick back-and-forth exchange”与空后意思吻合,表明发短信通常是一种快速的来回交流方式,而在争吵时,它可能会变得更快。 •Emojis and gifs can be hurtful. In the same way that visual communication tools like emojis and gifs can add fun to conversations, they can also make things much worse in a text disagreement. It can be challenging to know when you’ve taken emojis or gifs to a hurtful place, especially if the other person holds in that information and doesn’t tell you at the moment. 5(　　)  5.答案:E 解析:根据本段标题可知,本段主要讲述表情符号和动态图画可能会造成伤害。上文谈到知道你什么时候因使用表情符号或动态图画而伤人是很有挑战性的,特别是如果对方掌握了这些信息并且当下没有告诉你的时候。E项“如果他在讨论中感到不安全,就可能会发生这种情况”符合逻辑。E项的“discussion”和本段中的“in a text disagreement”意思相吻合,同时E项中的“he”指代上文的“the other person”。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) 　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦腔的起源及其艺术特色和发展。 　 (2024·湖北武汉三模)Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives (繁荣) in north-west China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as its neighboring regions, like Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It has the most ancient and 1　　　　　　　 (large) musical system of all Chinese operas.  1.答案:largest 解析:考查形容词的最高级。根据上文the most ancient及连词and可知,空处应与上文一致,使用形容词最高级形式largest,表示“规模最大的”。故填largest。 2　　　　　　　 (arise) from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley, 3　　　　　　　 is the birthplace of Chinese culture, the opera first appeared in the Qin Dynasty. 4_____________ (it) time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation 5　　　　　　　 the forefather of Chinese operas.  2.答案:Arising 解析:考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语appeared,空处应为非谓语动词作状语,arise与逻辑主语the opera之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,使用现在分词形式作状语,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Arising。 3.答案:which 解析:考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the Yellow River Valley,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 4.答案:Its 解析:考查代词。空处作定语,修饰time-honored history,应用形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Its。 5.答案:as 解析:考查介词。结合语意可知,此处表示作为百戏之祖,空处应用介词as,表示“作为”,符合题意。故填as。 Its contents usually feature such themes as anti-aggression (反侵略的) wars, as well as a number of other 6　　　　　　　 (topic) of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people.  6.答案:topics 解析:考查名词复数。topic为可数名词,根据a number of other及句意可知,空处应用名词复数形式。故填topics。 Qinqiang Opera is also one of the earliest operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings. 7　　　　　(equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists, Qinqiang Opera has influenced other operatic forms for long. During the Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and 8　　　　　　(direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera. Qinqiang Opera thrived during 9　　　　　　　 rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes (剧团) 10　　　　　　　 (distribute) throughout the country.  7.答案:Equipped 解析:考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语has influenced,空处应为非谓语动词作状语,equip与逻辑主语Qinqiang Opera之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词形式作状语,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Equipped。 8.答案:directly 解析:考查词性转换。空处修饰动词affected,应用副词directly作状语。故填directly。 9.答案:the 解析:考查冠词。空后rule被介词短语修饰,表示特指,结合语意可知,此处表示“乾隆皇帝统治时期”,所以空处应用定冠词the。故填the。 10.答案:were distributed 解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据主句中thrived可知,句子使用一般过去时;distribute与其逻辑主语Qinqiang troupes之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态;且主语Qinqiang troupes是复数,be动词使用were。故填were distributed。 $$