选修3 UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

选择性必修第三册 UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY 主题语境　人类生物学 1 【单元主题　创意背记】 板块一　词句背诵 重难点词汇 ◆五级词汇 infer vt.推断，推定(n.inference) 背诵默写本 ◆四级词汇 marathon n.马拉松赛跑 participant n.参加者，参与者 forever adv.永远；长久地 treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 emotion n.强烈的情感，激情 contain vt.包含，容纳，装盛 　contain oneself 克制自己；自制 　a red pocket which contains lucky money一个装着压岁钱的红包 factor n.因素，要素 bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏 　be buried in=bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 　bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面 victim n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 ◆三级词汇 biology n.生物学 barrier n.障碍，壁垒 　language barrier 语言障碍 　a barrier to success 成功的障碍 twin n.双胞胎中的一个 comparison n.比较(v.compare) 　make a comparison 作比较 　by comparison 相比较 clue n.线索，提示 accurate adj.准确的，正确的(反inaccurate) virus n.病毒 *bacteria n.细菌 rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的 sample n.样本，样品 vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查 estimate vt.& n.估计，估算 identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别 suspect n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 　suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做了)某事 　suspect sb.to be...怀疑某人是…… ◆二级词汇 calculate vt.计算，核算 innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革 camel n.骆驼 bound adj.很有可能，肯定会 mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 *inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的 abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n.滥用；虐待 　abuse alcohol and tobacco酗酒抽烟 　abuse one’s position/power滥用职权 blessing n.福气，幸运 *nerve n.神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张(adj.nervous) organ n.器官 locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置 zone n.地区，地带 widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的 visible adj.看得见的 lung n.肺 *steadily adv.稳定地 trial n.试验；审判，审理 　on trial 在试用；在受审 　trial and error 反复试验，不断摸索 actual adj.实际的，真实的 underline vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线 thorough adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的 globe n.地球，世界；地球仪 　It is estimated (that)...据估计…… 　at a rough estimate 粗略估计 phenomenon n.现象(pl.phenomena) mineral n.矿物质；矿产 ◆一级词汇 capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 *physicist n.物理学家 *athletics n.田径运动 betterment n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高 *vaccine n.疫苗 *resilience n.恢复力，复原力，适应力 *doping n.使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩) clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖 n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体 edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接 *gene n.基因 artificially adv.人为地，虚假地 identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的 *mammal n.哺乳动物 cattle n.牛 goat n.山羊 *primate n.灵长目动物 *ape n.猿 reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的 wholly adv.完全地 *provoke vt.激起，引起 crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的 *ethical adj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的 *curse n.祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语 *atom n.原子 *impulse n.(神经)冲动，(电)脉冲 crossword n.纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏 junk food n.(高脂肪、高糖分等的)不利健康的食品，垃圾食品 intake n.摄入量，摄取量 *omega n.欧米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω，ω) *epidemic n.传染病，流行病 variation n.变化物，变体；差异，变动 officially adv.官方地，正式地 classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类 baseline n.(医学或科学中的)基线，准线 opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物 　be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 classification n.归类，分类，分级 *parallel n.(不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似 adj.平行的 depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的 CE公元(用于日期后) *symptom n.症状；征兆，症候 pose vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态 　pose for a photo 摆好姿势照相 　pose a threat/challenge/danger to...对……构成威胁/挑战/危险 outbreak n.(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生 systematic adj.系统化的，有条理的 paragraph n.(文章的)段，段落 corresponding adj.相应的；对应的 symbolically adv.象征地，象征性地 needle n.针 database n.数据库，资料库 astronomer n.天文学家 核心短语与词块 1.junk food (高脂肪、高糖分等的)不利健康的食品，垃圾食品 2.lead to 导致 3.in comparison with 与……比较起来 4.a great deal of 大量 5.be bound to 一定；势必会 6.be viewed as 被看作是 7.be classified as 被归类为 19 8.on record 有记载的；记录在案的 9.up to 多达；直到 10.in the course of discussion在讨论期间 11.result in 导致 12.come up with 想出，想到 13.justify their demands说明他们的要求正当 14.love you forever永远爱你 15.an accurate account 准确的叙述 20 16.a crucial factor/issue/decision 关键性的因素/问题/决定 17.be bound to leave its mark on the children一定会长期对孩子们有影响 18.be merely a question of time只是时间问题 19.be unable to contain the excitement无法抑制内心的激动 20.comfort zone舒适区 21.the key/crucial/deciding factor 关键的/至关重要的/决定性的因素 22.a rare ability超强能力 21 重点句式表达 1.不定式(短语)作后置定语 [教材原句]　They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned! 它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长目动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 22 2.the way 后的定语从句 [教材原句]　They can be caused by several different factors，such as a virus being carried into an area，or changes in the way people live... 它们可能由不同因素引起，例如病毒被带入某个地区，或者由于人们生活方式的改变…… 23 3.现在分词短语作结果状语 [教材原句]　Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. 科学家们现在估计，该地区高达50%的人口死于这种流行病，这使它成为罗马帝国灭亡的主要原因之一。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 一、核心词汇 1. ___________ vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 2. ___________ n.参加者，参与者 3. ___________ adj.至关重要的，关键性的 4. ___________ adj.很有可能，肯定会 5. ___________ vt.滥用，妄用；虐待n.滥用；虐待 6. ___________ vt.包含，容纳，装盛 justify participant crucial bound abuse contain 7. ___________ vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置 8. ___________ adv.官方地，正式地 9. ___________ adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的 10. ___________ adj.分布广的，广泛流传的 11. ___________ vt.& n.估计，估算 12. ___________ adj.看得见的 13. ___________ n.症状；征兆，症候 14. ___________ vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏 locate officially rare widespread estimate visible symptom bury 15.___________ vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态 16. ___________ adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的 17. ___________ n.(文章的)段，段落 18. _____________ n.现象 19. ___________ n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 20. ___________ n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 pose thorough paragraph phenomenon suspect victim 二、拓展词汇 1.biology n.生物学→___________ adj.生物的；生物学的 →___________ n.生物学家 2.capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能→___________ adj.有能力的 3.infer vt.推断，推定→___________ n.推断，推定 4.calculate vt.计算，核算→___________ n.计算，核算 →___________ n.计算器 biological biologist capable inference calculation calculator 5.physicist n.物理学家→___________ n.物理学→___________ adj.物理学的；身体的；物质的 6.edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→___________ n.版本，版 次→___________ n.编辑，主编 7.accurate adj.准确的，正确的→___________ adv.准确地 →___________ n.准确性，准确度 8.treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式→___________ n.乐事；款待 vt.治疗 physics physical edition editor accurately accuracy treat 9.classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→___________ adj.分类的；机密的→_____________ n.归类，分类，分级 10.opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物 →___________ vt.反对→___________ adj.对面的；相反的 →___________ n.反对，反抗 11.depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→___________ adj.沮丧 的，忧愁的→___________ vt.令人沮丧；使萧条→___________ n.沮丧；(经济)萧条 classified classification oppose opposite opposition depressed depress depression 12.systematic adj.系统化的，有条理的→___________ n.系统，体系，制度 13.globe n.地球，世界；地球仪→___________ adj.全球的 14.corresponding adj.相应的；对应的→___________ vi.相一致；符合；类似于→_______________ n.一致；相似；相关；通信；信件 15.identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→_____________ n.确定，发现；鉴定；辨认 system global correspond correspondence identification 31 Ⅱ.默写核心词块 1. ___________ 导致  2. _____________________ 与……比较起来  3. _____________ 大量  4. _____________ 一定；势必会  5. _______________ 被看作是  6. _______________ 被归类为  7. ___________ 有记载的，记录在案的  8. ___________ 度过，熬过；设法处理，完成  9. _______________ 在……期间，在……过程中  10. _______________ 想出，想到  lead to in comparison with... a great deal of be bound to be viewed as be classified as on record get through in the course of come up with 32 Ⅲ.完成课文佳句 1.At first，Dolly grew normally，but later ______________________ ___________________________________________.  起初，多莉正常生长，但后来她患上了某种疾病，这种疾病通常在年龄大得多的动物身上才会出现。 2.There had been a number of failures ___________________________ ________________________________.  在他们最终找到成功克隆猴子的方法之前，经历了多次失败。 she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey 33 3.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，the Spanish Flu ___________________________________________________.  西班牙流感在18个月内导致5 000万人死亡，被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。 4. __________________________________________ because teamwork among nations across the globe can save lives.  各国需要共同努力做到这一点，因为全球各国之间的合作可以挽救生命。 is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history Countries will need to work together to do this 34 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.Passage D is adapted from ___________ (compare) of specimens and field observations and reveals biases in biodiversity data. 2.The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem，particularly in the poorer，rural areas east of the Volga River，___________ (include) arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. comparison including 35 3.Epidemics fall into different _____________ (classify) according to the way they are spread. 4.The clients should always ___________ (locate) on machines separate from the application servers.  5.Your account of the accident had little _______________ (correspond) with the story the other driver told. 6.What impresses us is Mr.Wang’s ongoing ___________ to chase his dreams.He is always ___________ of achieving his goals.(capable) classifications be located correspondence capability capable 7.When you are asked to ___________ something from the text，you must make ___________ according to the passage you read instead of your imagination!(infer) 8.You will need to ___________ how much time the assignment will take and make a rough ___________.(calculate) infer inferences calculate calculation Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1.Because I was ______________ (接受治疗)，my mother was strongly opposed to ________________________ (父亲请我吃) junk food.  2.A smile can help us ____________________________ (渡过难关) and find friends in a world of strangers.  3.I hold the firm belief that if everyone makes a little effort，we can ____________________ (起重大作用).  under treatment my father treating me to get through difficult situations make a big difference 4. __________________________________ (随着科技的发展)，clone has become a hot topic.  5.You have done so much work in advance that you ___________ (一定会) pass the end-of-term examination.  With science and technology developing are bound to Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1.依我看来，乘飞机是最好的旅行方式。 From the point of my view，flying is ____________________.  2.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。 I think you hurt his pride by _________________________________.  the best way to travel laughing at the way he speaks English 3.他被公认为世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。 ①He ____________________________ one of the world’s greatest physicists.  ②_____________________he is one of the world’s greatest physicists.  is acknowledged as/to be It is acknowledged that 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 精读真题提素养 课时作业 42 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 (1)in comparison with与……相比 by comparison (with...) (和……)相比之下 (2)compare...with/to...把……与……比较 compare...to...把……比喻为…… beyond/without compare无与伦比；举世无双 1.comparison n.比较，对照；比喻→___________ vt.比较，对比；把……比作 compare ①(人教选必一)Scientists have found that when we feel powerful，we usually straighten up；by ___________ (compare)，when we feel powerless，we tend to slump. ②___________ (compare) with traditional payment，mobile payment has its advantages and disadvantages. ③老师经常被比作蜡烛，因为他们对工作的奉献精神是无与伦比的。 A teacher _________________________，and that’s because their devotion to work is _______________________.  comparison Compared is often compared to a candle beyond/without compare (1)under treatment在治疗中 (2)treat...as...把……看作……；把……视为…… treat sb.to sth.用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人 treat sb.with...以……方式对待某人 2.treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法(cure)；对待方式→___________ n.招待；款待 v.对待；款待；请(客)；治疗 treat ①Because I was under ___________ (treat)，my mother was strongly opposed to my father treating me ___________ junk food. ②If the patient was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved. →______________________，the patient was likely to be saved.(分词短语作状语)  ③通过社区服务，我完全意识到，我们不仅要以尊重的方式对待无家可归的人，而且应该把他们看作平等的人。 Through the community service，I wholly realized that not only __________________________________________ but we also ____________________________.  treatment to Treated in a proper way should we treat the homeless people with respect should treat them as equal souls contain one’s anger/disappointment/curiosity/feelings 克制自己的愤怒/失望/好奇/情感 contain oneself 控制自己；自制 3.contain vt.包含(include)，容纳(hold，seat)，装盛；容忍(tolerate)；控制(control)→___________ n.容器 container ①The box ________ a number of letters，_________ those from her admirers and her husband’s letters ________ as well.(contain；include) ②当拿起奖品时，这位年轻的参赛者高兴得不能自已，笑得合不拢嘴。(心理描写) When taking up the prize，the young participant___________________ _______________，grinning from ear to ear.  [特别提醒]　contain侧重于所含有的数量或成分；include侧重于范围，是整体和部分的关系，常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included” 的结构。 contains including included couldn’t contain himself for joy (1)be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 (2)oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 oppose sb.doing sth.反对某人做某事 4.opposed adj.与某事物相反(contrary)；反对某事物，不赞成某事物(反：supportive)→___________ vt.反对；抵制→___________ adj.对面的；相反的 prep.在……对面→__________ n.反对，反抗 oppose opposite opposition ①(2024·浙江1月卷)In practice，doubt has had the __________ (相反的) effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts，no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To be honest，most students oppose _________ (group) students randomly for the upcoming oral practice sessions. →To be honest，most students________________________________ ___________ for the upcoming oral practice sessions.  opposite grouping are opposed to grouping students randomly ③Because all of my friends were ___________ (oppose) to my plan，I couldn’t resist sobbing，hiding my face in my hands.(心理描写) →_____________________________________，I couldn’t resist sobbing，hiding my face in my hands.(with复合结构)  →________________________________，I couldn’t resist sobbing，hiding my face in my hands.(独立主格)  opposed With all of my friends opposed to my plan All of my friends opposed to my plan bury...in...把……埋到……；使……沉浸于…… bury oneself in (doing)...埋头于/专心于…… bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 5.bury v.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；隐藏(hide)；使沉浸；使专心(absorb) ①(外研选必四改编)The adventurer believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ___________ (bury) deep in the jungle. ②He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ___________ (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat. ③当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。 She __________________________________ when she heard the bad news.  [名师指津]　表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有be devoted to，be lost in，be engaged in，be absorbed in，focus/concentrate on等。 buried buried buried her face in her hands and wept (1)suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事 suspect sb.to be/as...怀疑某人是…… suspect that...怀疑……；认为……可能 (2)be suspicious of/about...对……怀疑 6.suspect n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 v.猜疑；猜想(suppose)；怀疑(doubt)→___________ n.怀疑；疑心→___________ adj.怀疑的；可疑的 suspicion suspicious ①He suspected me ___________ stealing the old woman’s gold ring and even my best friend was ___________ (suspect) about my personal qualities，so I buried my face in my hands，sobbing uncontrollably.(心理描写) ②The fellow was suspected of abusing drugs，so he was questioned by the police. →_________________________，the fellow was questioned by the police.(分词短语作状语)  of suspicious Suspected of abusing drugs ③我们认为那个受伤的参赛者可能跑不完马拉松，但实际上他凭着坚强的意志成功了。 ________________________________________________________，but actually he made it with strong willpower.  [名师指津]　与suspect sb.of sth.结构相同的短语还有inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事，remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事，rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物，accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事，warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事。 We suspected that the injured participant may not finish the marathon get across (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚 get along/on well with...……进展状况/相处关系/身体状况良好 get away (from) 离开，外出度假，摆脱 get down下来，记下，写下 get down to (doing) sth.开始认真处理/对待某事 get about 四处走动(get around/round)，消息传播 get off 下车，脱下(衣服等) get over越过，克服 get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 7.get through用完，耗尽；接通；(设法)处理；完成；度过，熬过 用get的相关短语填空 ①If we can ___________ our present difficulties，then everything should be all right.  ②If you grow up in a large family，you are more likely to develop the ability to ______________________ others.  ③创造一个理想的工作环境将使我们更容易快速地着手完成任务。 Creating an ideal working environment will make it easier for us to ______________________ our assignments quickly.  get over get on/along well with get down to finishing [教材原句]　They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans) to have been cloned! 它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长目动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 8.不定式(短语)作后置定语 英语中常用不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况： (1)被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 (2)不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式(短语)作定 语。 (3)抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式(短语)作定语。 (4)被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词时。 ①We all have something ___________ (be) grateful for but we sometimes don’t realize it.  ②约翰是第一个想到做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。 John was _______________________________________ to help Bernard earn some extra money.He was convinced that he had the ability _______________________________.  to be the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard out of the difficulty ③我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(申请信) I can speak fluent English and I am_____________________________ ________ for further study.There is no doubt that I am______________ _________________________.  the only student in my class to go abroad the best person to be responsible for the job [教材原句]　Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. 科学家们现在估计，该地区高达50%的人口死于这种流行病，这使它成为罗马帝国灭亡的主要原因之一。 (1)现在分词短语作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果； (2)动词不定式作结果状语时，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，just等词连用。 9.现在分词短语作结果状语 ①George returned after the war，only ___________ (tell) his wife had left him.  ②(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their eyes with their hands，___________ (leave) the rest of their bodies exposed. ③让我们携起手来，使校园更安全，创造一个和平和谐的环境。 Let’s join hands to make the campus safer，______________________ ________________________.  to be told leaving creating a peaceful and harmonious environment Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.When ___________ (compare) different cultures，we often pay attention to the differences without noticing many similarities. 2.The government advocates classifying rubbish ___________ four categories： recyclable waste，unrecyclable waste，harmful waste and other waste. 3.The girl was sitting there，__________ (bury) her face in her hands. comparing into burying 4.Many residents opposed the government ___________ (build) a chemical factory near the school. building 5.Being ___________(emotional) intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. 6.Feeling the ___________ (depress) atmosphere in the room，I decided to turn on the TV to relieve stress. 7.All of her runs have a guiding purpose：to call attention to ________ (globe) water issues. 8.Some students do realize they are blessed ___________ the opportunity to study in the bright and spacious classrooms.However，others take it for granted. emotionally depressing global with Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.我强烈反对大卫放弃越野跑。他紧紧地闭上眼睛，思索着我的反对。 I strongly opposed _______________ the cross-country run.He closed his eyes tightly，pondering on ______________.  2.(2022·天津6月卷)英语口语俱乐部的会员们每天花半个小时专心练习说英语，渐渐地，他们的英语说得越来越流利了。 Spoken English club members ________________________________ __________________________________________ and they gradually speak English more and more fluently.  David giving up my opposition bury themselves in practising speaking English for half an hour on a daily basis 3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)虽然大卫是最后一个越过终点线的参与者，但他并不沮丧，相反，他的脸上绽放出胜利的光芒。 Though David was _______________________ the finishing line，he was not depressed and instead，his face lit up with victory.  4.His daughter is said _______________(study) law at university and will graduate in 2026.  →________________________________________________________________________(用it作形式主语改写)  5.她刚才所说的同大多数人所持的观点不一致。 What she has just said doesn’t_________________________________ ___________.(correspond)  the last participant to cross to be studying It is said that his daughter is studying law at university and will graduate in 2026. correspond with/to the views of the majority Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.　___________ A.状况 B.疾病 C.条件，环境 B 2.It takes a lot of nerve to be a bomb disposal expert. 　___________ A.焦虑，恐惧，紧张 B.勇气 C.神经 B 3.More than a hundred firemen are still trying to contain the fire at the plant.　___________ A.包含；含有；容纳 B.克制，抑制(感情) C.防止……蔓延(或恶化) C 4.To my surprise，I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. 　___________ A.体验 B.对……作抽样调查 C.品尝 A 5.We cannot calculate on his help because he is not reliable. 　___________ A.依赖于特定的数量或时间 B.基于特定的数量或时间 C.对……有所指望 C 6.pose A.n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势　 B.vi.摆好姿势　 C.vt.造成(威胁、问题等)　 D.vt.提出；质询 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses. 　___________ (2)Pollution poses a threat to the existence of this species. 　___________ (3)And the story poses an interesting question： why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before? 　___________ (4)Before going into their meeting，the six foreign ministers posed for photographs.　___________ A C D B 培优2　单元话题写作——科技节 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear Tom， 　　I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month，which was aimed at enriching students’ school life and ①____________________________ _____________ (提高学生的创新意识).  promoting students’ awareness of innovation 　　There were a variety of activities in the festival，which included Makers on Campus，②______________________________________ ______________ (参与者可以展示他们的设计和产品；定语从句)，and an exhibition of the students’ original inventions，designs and literary works.③____________________________________________ ___________ (在全体同学的热情参与和支持下)，the activity turned out a great success.I was astonished at the schoolmates’ creativity and teamwork spirits.  where participants could show their designs and products With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students 　　I ④_____________________________________________ (真的希望更多的活动将在我的学校举办；用do 强调谓语) to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.  Yours， Li Hua do hope more activities will be held in my school 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　emotion；ethical；inferior；blessing；nerve；opposed；depressing [动作描写]　justify；infer；calculate；innovate；abuse；locate；classify；estimate；bury；underline；identify；suspect 美句 1.Centuries later，the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918，also called the Spanish Flu，struck near the end of World War Ⅰ.(拟人) 2.SARS was examined by scientists，who were confused by this new disease and wanted to learn more about it and its causes.(情感描写) 3.It (The DNA detective) has been one of the key weapons for unsolved cases.(比喻) 汤姆·史密斯是一个17岁的男孩，他有幸拥有一个大家庭，除了他之外，所有的家庭成员都有一些乐器天赋。他曾经怀疑自己可能不属于这个家庭，觉得自己可能是被收养的。 Step 2　语料运用 Tom Smith is a 17-year-old boy ①_____________________________ where all family members are gifted in some musical instruments except him. ②_____________________ he may not belong to the family，or maybe he was just the adopted one. who is blessed with a big family He once suspected that 一天，他皱着眉头在房 间里踱来踱去，这时突然想到了一个主意。他应该秘密进行一次DNA检测以证明自己的身份。于是，那天下午，在院子里慢跑后，他踮着脚尖来到卧室，试图找到一些他父母的头发。 One day，he ③_________________________ ___________________________ when suddenly an idea struck him.He should secretly make DNA detection to justify his identity. So，that afternoon，④___________________ ____________________________，trying to find some hairs from his parents. was pacing up and down the room with a frown on his face after jogging in the yard，he tiptoed to the bedroom 经过仔细搜索，他终于找到了一些并迅速逃出了家，他的心脏剧烈跳动。他一逃离家就立即赶往医院。他把样本交给了医生，并被要求次日取结果。 After a careful search，he managed to find some，and ⑤________________________ _____________________.The moment ⑥_________________，______________ ______________________. escaped quickly with his heart pounding wildly he fled out of home he rushed to the hospital without delay 他感到宽慰和自由，在附近的公园里停了下来，悠闲地闲逛，自言自语地 说：“真相很快就会水落石出。”第二天，他忐忑不安，匆匆赶往医院，拿到了基因鉴定证书。“谢天谢地!我是一个真正的史密斯家族成员。” He submitted the sample to the doctor and was asked to pick the result the next day. Feeling relieved and free，he stopped in the nearby park，⑦__________________，saying to himself，“The truth will soon come out.” The next day，having butterflies in his stomach，⑧______________________ and got the gene identification certificate. “Thank goodness!I am indeed a real Smith.”  wandering leisurely he hurried to the hospital 【动作细节描写：跑、走、冲】 语料积累 单词 skip蹦跳着走　run 跑　race赛跑　jog慢跑　fly飞奔　approach接近，靠近　drag 拖着(受伤的脚或腿)行走 dance跳跃，雀跃　jump 跳，跃　escape逃跑　flee逃走　rush迅速移动　dash猛冲，急奔　stride 大步走　stroll/wander 漫步，闲逛　dart飞奔，猛冲　march 行军，快步走　tiptoe 蹑手蹑脚，轻手轻脚地走　stagger摇摇晃晃地走　stumble 跌跌撞撞地走　trot 小跑，快步，疾走 词块 steal/slide/creep into溜进　rush for向……冲去　burst into冲进　head for/towards走向，前往　make a rush for冲向　charge out/into冲出/冲进　pace up and down踱来踱去　jump off跳下　hurry off匆匆离去 句型 No longer hesitating，he jumped off the truck and flew towards the building like an arrow.(动作描写) 他不再犹豫，跳下卡车，像箭一样飞向大楼。 The man rushed for the exit，and escaped in great panic. 那人向出口冲去，慌慌张张地逃走了。 Racing/Dashing/Running home，he burst into the bedroom，picked up my purse and charged out.(现在分词短语作状语)(动作链描写) 他飞奔着跑回家，冲进卧室，拿起我的钱包冲了出去。 精读真题提素养 精读真题提素养/在语篇集训中拓展单元主题 　　•阅读理解(2023·全国乙卷·C) 　　What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips，or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables.But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine，it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.  It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.  　　According to a new study from market analysts，1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food.Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to，and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills，and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before.With an increasing number of male chefs on TV，it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。英国的一些烹饪类电视节目使更多的英国人改变了饮食习惯并爱上烹饪。 28.What do people usually think of British food? A.It is simple and plain. B.It is rich in nutrition. C.It lacks authentic tastes. D.It deserves a high reputation. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“But is British food really so uninteresting?Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine” 可知，英国的食物通常被认为是简单的、不吸引人的。故选A。 29.Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV? A.Authoritative.　 　　　 B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”可知，英国的烹饪类电视节目对观众影响很大，改变了他们对烹饪的看法。故选D。authoritative“权威性的”；creative“富有创意的”；profitable“有利可图的”；influential“有很大影响的”。 30.Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now? A.20%.　　 B.24%.　　 C.25%.　　 D.33%. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients than they used to”可知，近三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更丰富了，故选D。 31.What might the author continue talking about? A.The art of cooking in other countries. B.Male chefs on TV programmes. C.Table manners in the UK. D.Studies of big eaters. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV，it’s no longer ‘uncool’ for boys to like cooking.”可知，随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上，男孩喜欢烹饪不再是“不酷”的事了。因此可推断，接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男厨师。故选B。 【词汇识记】 1.cuisine n.烹饪；(餐厅或酒店的)特制饭菜，菜肴 2.recipe n.配方；食谱 3.meat-and-two-veg一荤两素 4.documentary n.纪录片；纪录影片；纪实广播(或电视)节目 adj.文件的；文献的；记录的 5.cookery n.烹饪；烹调；烹饪术 6.expand v.扩大 7.schedule n.日程安排；工作计划；(电视或广播)节目表 vt.安排；预定 8.thanks to多亏了 9.have a reputation for 以……著称 10.rather than 而不是；而不 11.stick to 坚持 12.advertising campaign广告宣传活动 13.turn away from sth.停止使用某物，拒绝 14.apply for申请 15.analyse vt.分析，剖析→analysis n.分析，剖析→analyst n.分析者 16.adventure n.历险，奇遇→adventurous adj.冒险的；危险的 17.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映→reflection n.映像；反射；思考 【难句分析】 1.Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine，it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. [译文选择] A.尽管英国以不那么令人印象深刻的美食而闻名，但它正在培养更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的食谱经常位居畅销书榜首。 B.尽管英国的厨师有着很高的声望，但英国正在培养更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的食谱经常位居畅销书榜首。(A) [结构分析] Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine是让步状语从句；who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists是两个定语从句，修饰先行词 top class chefs。 2.It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. [译文选择] A.感谢这些电视节目的厨师们和电视广告宣传活动，英国人正在对一荤两素和现成的饭菜失去兴趣，且在烹饪习惯上变得更有冒险精神。 B.多亏了这些电视节目的厨师们，而不是任何广告宣传活动，英国人正在对一荤两素和现成的饭菜失去兴趣，且在烹饪习惯上变得更有冒险精神。(B) [结构分析] 本句是一个强调句，被强调部分是“thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign”。 课时作业 课时作业35 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Nanako Hama was holding a light envelop.When she tore it open with care，locks of hair emerged.Many strangers send Hama locks of their hair，hoping to recycle it. People generate a huge amount of hair waste.Nearly all of that waste ends up in landfill，where it can release harmful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.But hair possesses useful qualities that it’s a shame to simply throw it away.That’s why people all around the world，like Hama，have been collecting hair and finding innovative ways to recycle it，including making mats (垫子) out of it for removing oil leaks in the ocean. Hama is part of the non-profit Matter of Trust (MoT) members working at more than 60 centers dotted across 17 countries，using machines to make hair donated from local salons and individuals into square mats，which are then used to clean up the floating oil.“Hair is particularly well-suited for this，” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier.“That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.” MoT’s mats have been used in major oil leaks，including the 2010 Deepwater Horizon and 2007 Cosco Busan incidents. In a 2018 study，Murray，an environmental scientist at the University of Technology Sydney，in Australia found that mats made of recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair—significantly more than polypropylene (聚丙烯)，a type of plastic that’s typically used to clean up floating oil. Besides，hair is also useful as fertilizer (化肥).Hair contains a relatively high nitrogen (氮)，a chemical element crucial for plant growth，and each lock of hair is made of roughly 16 percent of this essential nutrient.Last year，more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging. “It’s just a great way to use hair in a productive way.Hair is an answer literally hanging in front of our eyes—for oil and soil，” Hama says. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了头发的创新性用途——清除海上的石油和充当肥料。 1.How does the author introduce the topic?(　　) A.By presenting a scene. B.By detailing the background. C.By describing the usage of hair. D.By praising an environmentalist. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者通过呈现一个场景引入主题。 2.What can the mat made of human hair do?(　　) A.Improve soil. B.Prevent oil leaks. C.Take in harmful gas. D.Clear the sea of oil. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“including making mats out of it for removing oil leaks in the ocean”可知，头发能清除海上的石油。 3.Which qualities of hair contribute to its innovative use?(　　) A.Its color and strength. B.Its length and amount. C.Its weight and flexibility. D.Its structure and component. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.”和第四段中的“mats made of recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair—significantly more than polypropylene，a type of plastic that’s typically used to clean up floating oil.Besides，hair is also useful as fertilizer.Hair contains a relatively high nitrogen，a chemical element crucial for plant growth，and each lock of hair is made of roughly 16 percent of this essential nutrient.”可知，头发的结构和组成有助于它的创新用途。 1 2 3 4 4.Which best describes the future of hair waste as fertilizer?(　　) A.Uncertain.　　　　　　　 B.Promising. C.Doubtful. D.Worrying. 1 2 3 4 B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Last year，more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging.”可知，头发废料作为肥料的未来是有前途的。 B (2024·江苏南京二模)“Anxiety.” The very word invites discomfort.Its effects—shortness of breath，pounding heart，muscle tension—are outright upsetting.But，as a clinician，I find that we tend to miss out on many valuable opportunities presented by this human emotion.In and of itself，anxiety is not deadly，nor is it a disease. Quite the contrary： it is an indicator of brain and sensory health.Once we accept that it is a normal，though uncomfortable，part of life，we can use it to help us. We all know that working out at the gym is hard.By nature，a “good workout” is uncomfortable，since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do.The sweet spot of exercise is always a somewhat challenging experience.Similarly，if you want to be emotionally stronger，you need to face some tension.For example，one effective treatment for fear is exposure therapy (疗法)，which involves gradually encountering things that make one anxious，reducing fear over time. Humans are social creatures.When my patients learn to open up to their partners about their anxieties，they almost always report a greater sense of emotional closeness.Also，as international relationship expert Sue Johnson teaches，when we express our need for connection during challenging moments，it creates greater connection and turns our anxiety into love. From time to time，we find ourselves at the end of our rope.Our responsibilities pile up，our resources break down，and we feel uncomfortably anxious—what we’re experiencing is called stress. Simply put，the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources，just like a set of scales (天平) going out of balance. Focusing on work and pretending everything is OK only leads to disastrous results.Medical treatment for stress may function for a while，but it tends to make things worse in the long run.The only way to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了焦虑虽然令人不舒服，但接受它对我们有帮助。 5.What does the author say about anxiety?(　　) A.It is an invitation to diseases. B.It indicates stable mental health. C.It costs us many valuable chances. D.It is a natural emotional expression. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Quite the contrary： it is an indicator of brain and sensory health.Once we accept that it is a normal，though uncomfortable，part of life，we can use it to help us.”可知，焦虑是一种正常的情感表露。 6.Why does the author mention “good workout” in paragraph 2? (　　) A.To prove how exercise influences emotions. B.To suggest an effective way to challenge limits. C.To explain how anxiety builds emotional strength. D.To show a positive connection between mind and body. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“By nature，a ‘good workout’ is uncomfortable，since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do.”和“Similarly，if you want to be emotionally stronger，you need to face some tension”可知，好的锻炼需要挑战身体的舒适区，同样，要想在情感上更坚强，有必要面对一些紧张，由此可推测出，提到“好的锻炼”是为了说明焦虑是如何帮助增强情感力量的。 5 6 7 8 7.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?(　　) A.The key to closeness is partners’ support. B.Sharing anxieties improves relationships. C.Humans are defined by their social nature. D.Expressing feelings keeps us off anxieties. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可推出，本段主要讲述了分享焦虑有助于改善人际关系。 125 8.According to the last paragraph，how can we deal with stress?(　　) A.Devote more energy to our work. B.Increase resources available to us. C.Seek professional medical treatment. D.Master advanced mathematical skills. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Simply put，the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources，just like a set of scales going out of balance.”和“The only way to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales.”可知，对我们的要求超过了我们现有的资源，所以天平失去了平衡，而唯一的方法是通过数学来平衡天平，由此可推测出，要增加可用的资源，以便达到平衡。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·山东济南一模)The 13-year-old girl Anna Grace is a volleyball manager，a basketball manager，and a theater volunteer，but perhaps her greatest　1　is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.  Anna was first diagnosed (诊断) with a rare type of 　2　in December of 2019.A softball player at the time，she told her parents she was experiencing muscle 　3　 in her left arm，only lifting it about eye-level.She had to 　4　 surgery on her left arm.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her 　5　to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023，doctors 　6　a spot on her lungs.She had another 　7　on September to remove it.Anna said later the first time with cancer，it felt like a learning stage.The second time around，it was a little 　8　to accept the news.  And throughout all of this，Anna has had to 　9　school work and hospital life.Her sufferings with cancer forced her to really 　10　herself because she was out of school for quite a while.Now she has 　11　and has straight As.Anna’s father，Eric Bartel，said her journey has inspired him to 　12　 every moment，enjoying time with his loving daughter.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Anna is doing well these days though.She’s 　13　in theater and is a coach’s assistant.“When you’re on 　14　you have to keep fighting，”Anna said.“Always live life to the fullest each day.You’re loved.Your life 　15　.”  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是13岁女孩Anna Grace两次战胜癌症的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 1.A.excitement　　　　　　　 B.achievement C.devotion D.ambition 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据空后“is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice”可知，Anna Grace两次战胜癌症，这的确是一种伟大的成就。A.excitement兴奋；激动；B.achievement成就；C.devotion忠诚；奉献；D.ambition抱负；雄心。 2.A.pain B.cold C.cancer D.fever 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文“For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her 　5　 to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023，doctors 　6　 a spot on her lungs.She had another 　7　 on September to remove it.”可知，Anna患上了癌症。A.pain疼痛；伤痛；B.cold感冒；C.cancer癌症；D.fever发烧。  3.A.weakness B.growth C.recovery D.relief 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文“...in her left arm，only lifting it about eye-level.She had to 　4　 surgery on her left arm.”可知，Anna的左臂只能抬到大约与眼睛齐平的位置，所以可以推断是虚弱无力的。A.weakness虚弱；不足；B.growth成长；C.recovery恢复；D.relief减轻；缓解。  4.A.perform B.have C.attend D.refuse 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“she was experiencing muscle 　3　 in her left arm，only lifting it about eye-level”以及下文“For the following weekends after the surgery” 可知，此处指的是因为Anna的左臂虚弱无力所以必须做手术。have surgery“接受手术”。  5.A.briefly B.occasionally C.partly D.regularly 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据空前“doctors scanned her 　5　 to make sure she was cancer-free”可知，此处指的是手术后的定期扫描检查。A.briefly简短地；B.occasionally偶尔；偶然；C.partly部分地；D.regularly有规律地；定期地。  6.A.noticed B.erased C.ignored D.marked 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据空后“a spot on her lungs”可知，此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现了一个斑点。 7.A.assessment B.appointment C.examination D.operation 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her 　5　 to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023，doctors 　6　 a spot on her lungs.”以及空前“She had another”可知，此处指的是Anna进行了第二次手术，切除了肺部发现的斑点。A.assessment评估；估计；B.appointment 约定；任命；C.examination考试；D.operation手术；实施。  8.A.harder B.easier C.stranger D.better 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Anna said later the first time with cancer，it felt like a learning stage.The second time around，it was a little”可知，在Anna看来，第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样，接受起来要比第一次更容易。A.harder更难的；B.easier更容易的；C.stranger更奇怪的；D.better更好。 9.A.solve B.connect C.abandon D.balance 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据空后“school work and hospital life”可知，此处指的是虽然身患癌症，Anna依旧坚持平衡学习和医院生活之间的关系。A.solve解决；处理；B.connect联系；连接；C.abandon抛弃；遗弃；D.balance平衡。 10.A.apply B.control C.convince D.forgive 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据空后“...herself because she was out of school for quite a while.Now she has 　11　 and has straight As.”可知，此处指的是因为身患癌症，Anna的学习落下了很多，所以她只能让自己努力学习。apply oneself to...“专心致志于某事”。  11.A.caught up B.held back C.dropped out D.blown up 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据空后“and has straight As”可知，此处指的是Anna的成绩都是A，所以可以推断，经过一番努力Anna终于赶上来了。 12.A.spare B.appreciate C.imagine D.create 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据空前“Now she has 　11　 and has straight As.Anna’s father，Eric Bartel，said her journey has inspired him to 　12　 every moment，enjoying time with his loving daughter.”可知，此处指的是Anna与癌症做斗争的经历让父亲深受感动，所以父亲非常珍惜与女儿在一起的时光。A.spare腾出；匀出；B.appreciate感激；感谢；C.imagine想象；D.create创造。  13.A.active B.graceful C.dominant D.cautious 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据空前“Anna is doing well these days though.”以及空后“in theatre”以及“Always live life to the fullest each day.”可知，此处指的是战胜癌症后的Anna在戏剧方面非常积极。A.active积极的；B.graceful大方的；优雅的；C.dominant占优势的；占支配地位的；D.cautious谨慎的。 14.A.vacation B.trust C.treatment D.duty 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据全文内容以及空后“you have to keep fighting”可知，此处指的是Anna因为癌症必须接受治疗。A.vacation假期；B.trust信任；C.treatment治疗；对待；D.duty责任；义务。 15.A.declines B.suffers C.matters D.waits 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文“‘When you’re on 　14　 you have to keep fighting，’Anna said.‘Always live life to the fullest each day.You’re loved.Your life...’”可知，在Anna看来，我们应该每天都活到极致，是因为生命非常重要。  二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：emerge v.浮现，出现 Para.2：generate v.产生，引起　landfill n.废物填埋地(或场)　release v.释放；发布　possess v.拥有 Para.3：dot v.遍布　stick v.粘贴；粘住 Para.4：significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地；明显地　crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的　essential adj.完全必要的；必不可少的；极其重要的　nutrient n.营养素；营养物　feedback n.反馈的意见(或信息) Para.5：productive adj.有效益的；富有成效的；生产的；(尤指)多产的 A 篇 核心 短语 Para.2：throw away扔掉 熟词 生义 lock (Para.1)常用义：n.锁　文章义：n.一绺(或一缕)头发 例句：John brushed a lock of hair from his eyes. 约翰撩开眼前的一缕头发。 A 篇 词缀 变形 Para.2：innovate v.引入(新事物、思想或方法)；创新；改革→innovative adj.引进新思想的；采用新方法的；革新的；创新的→innovation n.(新事物、思想或方法的)创造；创新；改革　remove v.移开；拿开；去掉→removal n.除去；消除；清除 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：clinician n.临床医师　contrary n.相反的事实 Para.2：similarly adv.相似地；类似地；差不多地　encounter v.遭遇，遇到(尤指令人不快或困难的事) Para.4：outweigh v.重于；大于；超过 核心 短语 Para.1：miss out on错失 Para.4：out of balance失去平衡　in the long run从长远来看 熟词 生义 invite (Para.1)常用义：v.邀请；请求　文章义：v.招致(尤指坏事) 例句：Such comments are just inviting trouble. 这种评论简直是在自找麻烦。 课时作业36 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·贵州贵阳市适应性考试)A new study estimates more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity. People with obesity are considered medically overweight.The study，published in the medical publication The Lancet，said that one in eight people are obese.Researchers said around 43 percent of adults were overweight in 2022.Obesity among adults has more than doubled since 1990.Among young people aged 5 to 19，the obesity rate increased by four times during the same period. “A staggering number of people are living with obesity，and severe obesity is strongly linked to a long list of health problems and an early death，”declared the lead writer of the study，Majid Ezzati，a professor at Imperial College London. The WHO noted that at the World Health Assembly in 2022，member states agreed to an agency plan to fight obesity.So far，31 governments “are now leading the way” to reduce obesity by carrying out goals of the plan. These include government measures to enact new rules on “harmful” marketing of unhealthy food and drinks to children.In addition，governments are aiming to improve school and nutrition policies. They are also seeking price reductions for healthy foods to increase public awareness about healthy diets and exercise and to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools. Imperial College London’s Ezzati said that obesity rates are not rising in many wealthier nations. But they are quickly increasing in other countries. He noted that some countries have many underweight people，meaning the nations are facing what he called a “double burden” of nutrition problems. Branca is head of nutrition at the WHO.He told reporters，“In the past，we have been thinking of obesity as a problem of the rich，but obesity is a problem of the world. Although new obesity drugs could be helpful tools in reducing obesity，they noted that the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在全球范围内现有10亿多人肥胖。文章主要分析了肥胖这一社会性问题和采取的措施，以及应对肥胖时存在的问题等。 1.What does the underlined word “staggering” mean?(　　) A.Satisfying.　　　　　　 B.Exciting. C.Astonishing. D.Puzzling. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：词义猜测题。 根据第一段可知，世界上肥胖人数众多，有10亿多的人口肥胖，且肥胖率倍增了。由此可见，肥胖的人数是一个令人震惊的数字，故C项与画线词的意思最为接近。 2.What is included in the plan led by 31 governments?(　　) A.Setting laws to ban the sale of unhealthy food. B.Increasing the cost for people to consume healthy food. C.Attaching importance to physical activity. D.Offering lower-priced obesity drugs to people. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools(加强对学校体育活动的要求)”可知，31个政府领导的计划包括对体育锻炼的重视，故C项正确。文中的“strengthen requirements”与C项中的“Attaching importance”为同义转换。 3.What does Ezzati mean by mentioning the “double burden”?(　　) A.Some countries are suffering both poverty and obesity. B.Some countries are suffering both poor nutrition and obesity. C.Obesity is common in both poor and wealthy countries. D.Obesity is a heavy burden for some countries. 1 2 3 4 B 解析：推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段中该短语前面的“obesity rates...are quickly increasing in other countries.He noted that some countries have many underweight people”可知，其他国家的肥胖率迅速增加，一些国家还有很多体重不足的人，这些国家正在面临着被 Ezzati称为“double burden”的营养问题。由此可见，Ezzati 提到“double burden”的意思是一些国家可能同时遭遇营养不良和肥胖问题，故B项正确。 1 2 3 4 4.What is Branca’s attitude to the obesity problem?(　　) A.Negative. B.Indifferent. C.Ambiguous. D.Optimistic. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中Branca所说的“obesity is a problem of the world...the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality”可知，Branca认为肥胖是一个全球性问题，而减肥药的成本和可用性可能会增加不公平。由此可见，Branca对肥胖问题是持消极态度的，故A项正确。 B (2024·河南开封一模)Several years ago，Sibill Schilter，a student at the University of Zurich，learned that her school was hiring people to test whether a smartphone App could help someone change their personality traits.Curious to learn more about herself，Schilter signed up.Maybe，she thought，she was a little too agreeable. For decades，psychologists have debated whether these traits are fixed or changeable.The study that Schilter participated in was designed to test whether using an App daily for three months would be enough to create noticeable and lasting personality changes.Each participant chose one trait they wanted to increase or decrease. The App，called PEACH (PErsonality coACH)，works like a diary，a dashboard (仪表板)，and a text messaging channel rolled into one.On the dashboard，users can see an overview of their goals，a calendar that shows their progress，and their tasks for the week.For instance，someone who wants to be more careful may be assigned to do homework for one hour after coming home from classes.The App sends the user two push notifications every day to remind him/her，and if the user makes progress，it will show up on the dashboard. Users can also talk with a sort of digital coach，a chatbot also named “Peach”，about their daily activities.The chatbot might ask which task they are working on or how stressed they are.Users can also choose to complete a daily diary，doing a self-assessment of five main personality traits.(For example： How would you describe yourself today—shy or outgoing?) In a study published in February in Proceedings of the National，Academy of Sciences the researchers concluded that the App works.The study was conducted with 1，523 volunteers.Compared to the control group，the users who received the smartphone intervention showed more self-reported personality trait changes toward their goals. Overall，friends，family members，or close partners who volunteered to observe the participants also noticed the personality changes，with both self-reported and observer-reported changes existing for three months after the end of the study. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一款智能手机应用PEACH可以帮助人们改变个性特征，介绍了PEACH的工作方式及其研究结果。 5.Why did Sibill Schilter sign up for the test?(　　) A.To understand her personality better. B.To make changes to a smartphone App. C.To make friends with outgoing people. D.To learn more about goal-setting. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Sibill Schilter报名参加这个测试是为了更好地了解她的个性。故选A。 6.What are participants required to do before the test?(　　) A.To use the App for three months. B.To learn to establish realistic goals. C.To share their dream with each other. D.To consider the changes they want to make. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each participant chose one trait they wanted to increase or decrease.”可知，在测试前，参与者需要考虑他们想要做出的改变。故选D。 7.How does the App remind its users of their tasks?(　　) A.By sending out a special signal. B.By requiring them to keep a diary. C.By sending messages to them. D.By displaying their goals constantly. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The App sends the user two push notifications every day to remind him/her，and if the user makes progress，it will show up on the dashboard.”可知，应用程序通过给用户发信息提醒用户他们的任务。故选C。 168 8.What can we learn about the results of the study?(　　) A.The App needs to be improved in many ways. B.The App turns the users more outgoing. C.The App can also influence the observers’ behavior. D.The App has a lasting effect on the users’ personalities. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，研究发现，这款应用对用户的性格有持久的影响。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了自我接受的重要性以及自我接受的方法。 170 Self-acceptance is to accept yourself unconditionally (无条件地). 1(　　) Accepting yourself can help you become more natural and real. However，if you don’t accept yourself，you will constantly feel unhappy about your past or yourself.So read on to get some practical suggestions on how to do it.  A.Using positive self-talk can help a lot. B.Let go of the past and try to stop blaming yourself. C.Self-compassion involves not allowing sad thoughts to defeat you. D.Thinking that you must be perfect is harmful to self-acceptance. E.Those people accepting your weaknesses can really help you achieve self-acceptance. F.It means being aware of your own strengths and weaknesses and accepting yourself for whom you are. G.So always keep checking out your circle and understand whether the people around you are positive or not. 1.答案：F 解析：空前简单介绍了“自我接受”的概念。F项是对上文的进一步解释，F项中的it指代上文中的to accept yourself unconditionally。 　　Positive relationships are the first part of self-acceptance. People around you play an important role in your life. You need to surround yourself with people who accept you for whom you are. 2(　　)   A.Using positive self-talk can help a lot. B.Let go of the past and try to stop blaming yourself. C.Self-compassion involves not allowing sad thoughts to defeat you. D.Thinking that you must be perfect is harmful to self-acceptance. E.Those people accepting your weaknesses can really help you achieve self-acceptance. F.It means being aware of your own strengths and weaknesses and accepting yourself for whom you are. G.So always keep checking out your circle and understand whether the people around you are positive or not. 2.答案：E 解析：空前提出要和接受真实的自己的人在一起。E项说明和接受真实的自己的人在一起的原因，即那些接受你的缺点的人能真正帮助你实现自我接受，呼应段落主题句“Positive relationships are the first part of self-acceptance.”。故选E。 　　Learn to forgive yourself for all your past faults or regrets. Everyone has their weaknesses and everyone makes mistakes. Accept all your choices or decisions you have made until now. 3(　　) You might have had many dreams which were unrealized，but you need to forgive yourself now. Understand that you cannot control your past.  A.Using positive self-talk can help a lot. B.Let go of the past and try to stop blaming yourself. C.Self-compassion involves not allowing sad thoughts to defeat you. D.Thinking that you must be perfect is harmful to self-acceptance. E.Those people accepting your weaknesses can really help you achieve self-acceptance. F.It means being aware of your own strengths and weaknesses and accepting yourself for whom you are. G.So always keep checking out your circle and understand whether the people around you are positive or not. 3.答案：B 解析：空前一句讲述的是接受自己到目前为止所做的所有决定或者选择；空后一句讲述的是你可能有很多未实现的梦想，但现在你需要原谅自己；再结合本段首句内容可知，此段主要讲放下过去。B项“放下过去，试着停止责备自己”承上启下。 　　Self-compassion (自我同情) and gratitude are two most important things for achieving self-acceptance. 4(　　) That means being kind to yourself，treating yourself well and celebrating every win. Gratitude includes thanking and appreciating yourself for the person who you are and the things you achieve. Value all the good things you have about yourself.  A.Using positive self-talk can help a lot. B.Let go of the past and try to stop blaming yourself. C.Self-compassion involves not allowing sad thoughts to defeat you. D.Thinking that you must be perfect is harmful to self-acceptance. E.Those people accepting your weaknesses can really help you achieve self-acceptance. F.It means being aware of your own strengths and weaknesses and accepting yourself for whom you are. G.So always keep checking out your circle and understand whether the people around you are positive or not. 4.答案：C 解析：空前一句讲述自我同情和感激是实现自我接受最重要的两件事情。下文提到了感激的相关信息，故此处应讲述自我同情方面的信息，C项与自我同情相关，且空后的that指代C项的内容。故选C。 　　5(　　) Talk to yourself as you would talk to a friend. Encourage yourself by patting your shoulder for your achievements. Include positive statements in your day，such as “You are beautiful” and “Well done”.After all，only when you accept yourself can you accept others.  A.Using positive self-talk can help a lot. B.Let go of the past and try to stop blaming yourself. C.Self-compassion involves not allowing sad thoughts to defeat you. D.Thinking that you must be perfect is harmful to self-acceptance. E.Those people accepting your weaknesses can really help you achieve self-acceptance. F.It means being aware of your own strengths and weaknesses and accepting yourself for whom you are. G.So always keep checking out your circle and understand whether the people around you are positive or not. 5.答案：A 解析：根据文章结构可知，空处应为本段的主题句，概括本段内容。根据空后内容可知，本段讲述的是自我对话时多使用正能量的词来鼓励自己。A项“使用积极的自我对话会有很大帮助”符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·山东临沂一模)Playing an instrument or singing in a choir may boost your brain.For generations，parents 1.___________________ _______________ (encourage) their children to practice playing musical instruments.Parents have good reason to prioritize their children’s musical education.Learning an instrument is not only associated with 2. ___________ (good) educational attainment but also with improved cognitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scores in children.  have encouraged/have been encouraging better The results of a recent study 3.______________ (investigate) this question showed that musical people had better memory and the ability to stay 4. ___________ (focus) on tasks than those with less or no musicality. However，5. ___________ made a difference among those who played an instrument was whether they continued to play 6. ________ had only played in the past.Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cognitive performance among participants. investigating focused what or Continued engagement 7.___________ cognitively stimulating activities，like playing an instrument，is likely 8. ___________ (lead) to sustained brain health.In contrast，playing the recorder for only three years in primary school may not 9. ___________ (significant) impact our cognitive performance later in life.  Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir，engaging in such a cognitive 10. ___________ (stimulate) as we age could be beneficial. in to lead significantly stimulator 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.2：severe adj.极为恶劣的，十分严重的；严厉的，苛刻的　declare v.公布，宣布，宣告；表明，宣称，断言 Para.4：enact v.通过，颁布(法令)　nutrition n.营养，滋养；营养学　awareness n.知道，认识，意识，兴趣 词缀 变形 Para.1：obesity n.肥胖(症)→obese adj.虚胖的，病态肥胖的 Para.6：availability n.可用，可得到；有空闲→available adj.可找到的，可获得的；有空的　inequality n.不平等，不平衡，不平均→equality n.平等，均等，相等 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：trait n.特征 Para.3：overview n.概况，概述 Para.5：intervention n.干预 核心 短语 Para.1：sign up报名 Para.3：push notification推送通知　show up出现 词缀 变形 Para.1：agreeable adj.随和的→agree v.同意 Para.2：changeable adj.可改变的→change v.改变　noticeable adj.显而易见的→notice v.注意到 写作规范练(六) Ⅰ.应用文写作(满分15分) (2024·浙江台州二模)假定你是李华，你负责的小组项目“Surveying Students’ English Novel Reading”在学校项目评比中获了奖，现受校英语俱乐部邀请作该项目的介绍。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.实施的过程； 2.组员的感受。 注意：续写词数应为80个左右。 　　[语篇解读]　本篇写作属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍自己负责的小组项目“Surveying Students’ English Novel Reading”。 Dear English Club members， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It’s my great honor to share with you our group project “Surveying Students’ English Novel Reading.” Our project began with the creation of a well-rounded questionnaire covering students’ favorite genres，reading frequency，preferred formats.After distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews among 500 schoolmates，we collected a wealth of valuable data.Following a careful analysis，we finally drew important conclusions regarding students’ English novel reading. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________　　 Thank you. This project has been incredibly rewarding，raising our awareness of teamwork and fostering our research abilities.More importantly，learning about our peers’ reading habits has sparked our self-reflection and encouraged us to dive into English literature.That’s all about our project. [详解]1.词汇积累 开始：begin→start 重要的：important→significant 鼓励：encourage→motivate 引发：spark→trigger 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This project has been incredibly rewarding，raising our awareness of teamwork and fostering our research abilities. 拓展句：This project has been incredibly rewarding，which raises our awareness of teamwork and fostering our research abilities. [点睛]　[高分句型1] More importantly，learning about our peers’ reading habits has sparked our self-reflection and encouraged us to dive into English literature.(运用了动名词作主语) [高分句型2] Following a careful analysis，we finally drew important conclusions regarding students’ English novel reading.(运用了现在分词作状语) Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分) Preparing for the upcoming Spring Festival was truly annoying.Schedules to meet and deadlines to attend were pounding at the doorstep.The stores were jam-packed with people.The freeways，highways，main roads，and back roads seemed to fill as quickly as the opening of the theme park. This was supposedly the season of giving and loving.Something needed to change—but what? Suddenly，a request from the local radio station playing in the background caught my attention.“This year，they’re forecasting a record for cold temperatures.The local homeless shelter is in desperate need of clothing—hats，scarves，and gloves especially.A three-day window has been set up to receive donations into the late hours of the night.” Something pulled at my heartstrings that very moment—a tinge of a feeling almost forgotten.This is the answer! I immediately thought.Then，as if flying on wings，I packed up my three-year-old son and headed out to the local discount store. The crowds in the store didn’t change my determination.Four sets of hats，gloves，and scarves were found within a matter of minutes and purchased. Back in the car，the same radio station was playing holiday music，but this time it seemed to capture my senses.My attention was again brought to the present as my patient three-year-old son finally asked where we were going.I explained that certain people needed warm gloves，hats，and scarves.They didn’t live in a house of their own and needed us to help.His face held a look of puzzlement.How does one explain such a thing to a three-year-old? My son carefully took his very first dollar bill from his pocket.It had been given to him a few days earlier—a possession so precious that if anyone even looked at it，he immediately retreated out of sight with the dollar in hand.It had become his priceless treasure. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 　　[语篇解读]　本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和儿子在电台里听到给无家可归者募捐的广播，于是带着儿子去捐款，儿子也拿出了自己的零花钱捐了出来。母子俩得到了感谢，内心感到很满足。 An hour later，we reached the entrance to the drop-off center. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The line of cars wrapped around the block，but my heart was full of anticipation.My son clutched his dollar bill tightly in his hand，his face a mix of excitement and nervousness.As we got closer to the front，he quietly asked，“Mommy，are we really going to give away my dollar?” I smiled and nodded，explaining that together，our donations would help make someone’s New Year warmer.Finally，we reached the front.My son hesitantly handed his dollar to the volunteer，his eyes wide with wonder.The volunteer smiled and thanked him，placing the dollar in a large box filled with other donations.  　　With a wish of “Happy New Year”，I turned to go back to the car.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My son’s face was bright with pride and happiness.As we drove away，I couldn’t help but feel a sense of fulfillment.The radio station continued to play holiday music，but now it seemed even more cheerful and uplifting.I knew that we had done something special that day — not just for the homeless shelter，but for ourselves as well.The simple act of kindness had brought us both joy and a reminder of the true meaning of New Year.  [详解]1.段落续写 ①由续写第一段首句内容“一个小时后，我们到达了下车中心的入口”可知，第一段可描写作者和儿子捐赠的过程。 ②由续写第二段首句内容“带着‘新年快乐’的祝福，我转身回到车上”可知，第二段可描写作者的内心感受和感悟。 2.续写线索：到达中心——儿子捐款——得到感谢——儿子高兴——带来成就感——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓着：clutch/grasp ②继续：continue/go on ③装满：be filled with/be full of 情绪类 ①感谢：thank/show gratitude to ②高兴：cheerful/delighted [点睛]　[高分句型1] I smiled and nodded，explaining that together，our donations would help make someone’s New Year warmer.(运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] As we drove away，I couldn’t help but feel a sense of fulfillment.(运用了as引导时间状语从句) 基础知识过关练(六)(选择性必修第三册) Ⅰ.词形转换(每小题1分，共15分) 1.The teacher blamed him for breaking the window，but his deskmate justified that he was ___________ (relevant) to that incident. 2.I saw the advertisement that your corporation needs some _________ (assist) in yesterday’s newspaper，and I am writing to apply for the position. 3.By comparison，this athlete has more _______________ (determine) than that one. irrelevant assistants determination 4.The salesman has to make an appropriate ___________ (adjust) to his strategy to make more profits. 5.There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given __________ (finance) support to roll it out countrywide. 6.We discussed a lot and tried to design an ___________ (intelligence) yet simple experiment. 7.An essay not ___________ (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. adjustment financial intelligent submitted 8.Ants live nearly everywhere，except on ___________ (freeze) mountaintops and around the poles. 9.The doctor who is also a ___________ (poem) and philosopher is a superior doctor，one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills. 10.The police are responsible for the ______________ (preserve) of law and order. 11.With the tap water ___________ (run)，my father left the house. frozen poet preservation running 12.Fifty officers，___________ (include) dog handlers，are searching for her. 13. ___________ (bury) in writing science fiction，she didn’t realize it began to rain outside. 14.I think there is a good reason for her absence as she ___________ (rare) stays away from work without approval. 15.They believed that what they were doing was vital for the ___________ (better) of society. including Buried rarely betterment Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(每小题1分，共8分) 1.In fact，many hard-working people achieve more than ___________ with high intelligence only. 2.All the candidates guaranteed ___________ (boost) economy and care about civilians’ welfare in the election.  3.There is little doubt ___________ we shouldn’t judge a person from his appearance. 4.Hence only when we react ___________ emergencies in life calmly can we solve problems in a better way. those to boost that to 5.The lawyer stares ___________ her as if to see if there are some flaws in her evidence. 6.All the applicants have submitted relevant materials ___________ the personnel department. 7.Altogether，you shouldn’t take it ___________ granted that you are sure to be employed because you look intelligent. 8.Whenever I feel down，my mother always comforts me _________ inspiring words. at to for with Ⅲ.词块运用(每小题2分，共20分) 1.Believe in yourself，and you ___________________ (将最终使得) your dream come true.  2.Do your own work and ___________________ (乐于帮助) others as well as the public in your everyday life.  3.I __________________________ (厌倦了开几个小时的车) to work，and therefore，I want to find a new job near my home.  4.I had solved the most difficult math problem and everyone looked at me _____________ (难以置信地).  will end up making be willing to help am tired of driving for hours with disbelief 5.The police were busy _____________________ (搜查房子找) the stolen jewelry.  6.She was smart and humorous and I ___________________(感觉和她在一起很惬意).  7.Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old， but she never gave up and _____________________________ (努力过着积极的生活).  searching the house for felt at ease with her struggled to lead an active life 8.I am convinced that only if you are devoted to the competition _______________________(你一定会成功).  9.In the past，his bad learning habit __________________________ _____________ (导致他糟糕的学业表现).  10.The first time ____________________________ (我和他接触)，I considered him to be competent and diligent.  are you bound to succeed led to his poor academic performance I came into contact with him Ⅳ.完成句子/一句多译(每小题3分，共30分) 1.但许多学生很难学好它。(have a hard time doing...) But many a student ____________________________.  2.如果他们因为英语水平差而不能进入一所好大学怎么办?(What if...?) __________________________________ because of their poor English?  has a hard time learning it well What if they can’t enter a good college 3.虽然我在实现我的梦想方面有困难，但我坚信，毫无疑问，通过我的努力，我会成功的。(while引导让步状语从句，have a hard time doing...，there is little doubt that) ______________________________________，I hold the firm belief that ________________________________________________.   4.不过，我的老板那么好心地给了我一个7天的带薪假期。(so...as to...) However，my boss __________________ me 7 days’ paid holiday.  While I have a hard time achieving my dream there is little doubt that I will make it through my efforts is so kind as to give 5.虽然博纳德年龄小，但他还是想挣钱养家。(though引导的让步状语从句的倒装) _________________________，he wanted to earn money to support the family.  6.然后是诗歌的随机测试，参赛者在听到题目和诗人后背诗。前三名将获得奖励。 (then位于句首引起的完全倒装，where引导定语从句) __________________________________________________________________________________________The top three winners will get an award.   Young though Bernard was Then follows a random quiz of poems，where contestants should recite this poem on hearing the title and poet. 7.试一试，你一定会通过欣赏诗歌之美获益匪浅。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) ________________________ surely gain a lot by appreciating the beauty of poetry.  8.我把手掌放在他的背上，说服他参加跑步比赛，相信他有能力和决心成功完成它。(动作＋情感描写) I put my palm on his back and ________________________________ ______________________________ the run，assuring him that he had the ability and determination to complete it successfully.  Give it a try，and you will persuaded him to take part in/persuaded him into taking part in 9.你可以相信，我能按时完成这项任务。 ①You can ___________________________________.  ②You can _______________________________________.  10.汤姆全神贯注于工作，所以他忘了通知我开会的时间。 ①Tom _______________________________________，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.  ②___________________，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(形容词短语作状语)  ③___________________________，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词短语作状语)  rely on me to finish the task on time rely on it that I can finish the task on time was absorbed in/absorbed himself in his work Absorbed in his work Absorbing himself in his work Ⅴ.句型转换(每小题3分，共12分) 1.He was busy in playing with his smartphone，so he didn’t notice what was happening. →____________________________________________，he didn’t notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)  →____________________________________，he didn’t notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)  Employing himself in playing with his smartphone Employed in playing with his smartphone 2.Tears of sorrow rolled down my cheeks，and I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.” →___________________________________________，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.”(with复合结构)  →____________________________________，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.”(独立主格结构)  With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks Tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks 3.I bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and have gained lots of colorful knowledge. →__________________________________________________，I have gained lots of colorful knowledge.(现在分词短语作状语)  →___________________________________________，I have gained lots of colorful knowledge.(过去分词短语作状语)  Burying myself in reading the English newspaper every day Buried in reading the English newspaper every day 4.First of all，I speak fluent English.It permits me to communicate with visitors without difficulty. →First of all，I speak fluent English，__________________________ ___________________________.(分词短语作状语)  permitting me to communicate with visitors without difficulty $$