选修3 UNIT 8 LITERATURE-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8　LITERATURE 主题语境　文学名著 1 【单元主题　创意背记】 板块一　词句背诵 重难点词汇 ◆五级词汇 being n.生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在 　human beings人类 　come into being 开始形成，开始产生 背诵默写本 ◆四级词汇 adventure n.历险，奇遇(adj.adventurous) mystery n.难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事(adj.mysterious) structure n.结构，构造；建筑物，结构体 setting n.(书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境 shelf n.搁板，架子(pl.shelves) stare vi.凝视，盯着看 　stare at 凝视；盯着看 　stare sb.up and down上下打量某人 blank adj.空白的 n.(纸张上的)空白处，空格 　go blank 一片空白 　a blank expression/face/look 茫然的表情/面孔/神色 　fill in/out the blanks 填空 aside adv.到旁边，在旁边 sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；飘 crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动 fellow n.男人；家伙 clothing n.服装，衣服 frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 　frozen food 冷冻食品 　be frozen to the spot僵在原处 wave n.海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮 vi.& vt.挥动，摆动；挥手 *sparkling adj.闪亮的，闪光的 *glee n.高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸 strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n.罢工；打击 construction n.建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑 　under construction 在建造中 comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感 　it’s a comfort to do sth.做某事是一种安慰 　comfort sb.for sth.因某事安慰某人 emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的 forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕 　forgive sb.for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 　forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌 ◆三级词汇 fiction n.小说；虚构的事 poetry n.诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意 drama n.戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件 folk adj.民间的，民俗的 literary adj.文学的(n.literature) registration n.登记，注册(v.register) blanket n.毯子，毛毯 inch n.英寸 sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)扫，打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走 n.挥动；打扫 poet n.诗人 *violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的 sink vi.& vt.(sank/sunk，sunk)下沉，沉没 　sink to the bottom of the river 沉没在河底 　sink into a chair 倒在椅子上 　one’s spirits/heart sank某人情绪低落/某人心情沉重 ease n.轻易，毫不费劲 vi.& vt.减轻，缓解(easy，easily) 　feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松 　put sb.at ease 使某人放松 　with ease 容易地 　ease the pain/stress/burden减轻疼痛/压力/负担 weapon n.武器，兵器；凶器 solid adj.固体的；坚硬的 scholar n.有学问的人；学者 poison n.毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀 fence n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆 vi.击剑 noble adj.高尚的，崇高的；贵族的 ◆二级词汇 fantasy n.幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想 dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的 recite vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵 tone n.(说话的)语气，口气，强调；(尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质 submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递 　submit to服从于；屈从于 　submit (oneself) to...甘受……；服从…… 　submit...to...向……提交…… backwards adv.往回，往前面；向后，朝后(反forwards) fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来 slip vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 　slip into/out of a room悄悄溜进/溜出房间 curtain n.窗帘；门帘；帘子 wander vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于 　wander around the street在街上游荡 stretch vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长 league n.里格(旧时长度单位，约5 000米)；体育运动联合会，联赛；联盟，同盟 desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切 grab vt.攫取，抓住 nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此 preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存 *drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙 　be drowned in 被盖住；被淹没在 　drown one’s sadness in drink 借酒消愁 evidently adv.明显地，显然 ◆一级词汇 *fable n.寓言 *genre n.(艺术、写作、音乐等的)类型，体裁 romance n.爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情(adj.romantic) detective n.侦探，警探 stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的 absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的 subjective adj.主观的；主语的(反objective) *logic n.逻辑；道理，合理的想法 contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的 riddle n.迷，谜语；谜团 rhyme n.押韵 historical adj.历史的 era n.时代，年代 *scan vt.(用电磁波等)扫描 unseen adj.未受注意的；未被看见的 *pneumonia n.肺炎 icy adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的 *ivy n.常春藤 *vine n.葡萄属植物；葡萄藤 *nonsense n.胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法) disbelief n.不信，怀疑 *janitor n.(学校或大楼的)看门人，门房，管理员 *queer adj.奇怪的，难以解释的 *harness n.(马的)挽具，马具 *downy adj.被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的 *flake n.小薄片 *daffodil n.水仙(花)，黄水仙 *vale n.谷；山谷 *flutter vi.& vt.(在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀) *breeze n.微风，和风 continuous adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的 *twinkle vi.闪烁，闪耀 *margin n.(尤指地域或水域的)边缘，边隅；页边的空白，页边 bay n.湾，海湾 *glance n.一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼 *toss vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛 *sprightly adj.活跃的，充满活力的 *gay adj.快乐的，兴奋的 *jocund adj.快活的；高兴的 *gaze vi.& n.凝视，盯着看；注视 19 *oft adv.经常，时常 *couch n.长沙发 *vacant adj.空的，未被占用的 *pensive adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的 *inward adj.内心的，精神的 *bliss n.极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福 *solitude n.独处，独居 *recollection n.想起，记起 20 chest n.胸部，胸膛 *unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的 whale n.鲸 bounce vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹 steel n.钢，钢铁 polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的 daybreak n.黎明，破晓 *utter vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音) 21 continuation n.延续，继续部分 aboard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车) 　go/get aboard (the ship/train/plane)上(船/火车/飞机) seaman n.水手，海员；水兵 handkerchief n.手帕 22 核心短语与词块 1.stare at 盯着 2.in an attempt to do sth.试着做某事 3.make up one’s mind 下定决心 4.be tired of 厌倦 5.with disbelief不相信地 6.hold on 坚持；等一等 7.in desperation 绝望地 23 8.struggle against 为反对……而斗争 9.wake up 醒来 10.search the room for the missing cat 搜查房间寻找失踪的猫 11.shake with cold 冷得发抖 12.take...for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视) 13.recite a poem背诵一首诗 14.judging from his tone 从他的语气判断 15.be submitted as early as possible尽早提交 16.a blank expression on her face 她脸上木然的表情 17.pull the curtain aside把窗帘拉向一边 18.fetch help/a doctor去请人帮助/去请医生 19.slip away 悄悄离开 20.enjoy breeze 享受微风 21.stretch out his hand to take the candy 伸出手去拿糖 重点句式表达 1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 [教材原句]　The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning. 昨天早晨，看门人发现他无助地躺在床上，极度痛苦。 2.though引导的让步状语从句中的倒装 [教材原句]　The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. 撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然它可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。 3.nor位于句首引起的部分倒装 [教材原句]　I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine. 我不能说出我在哪里，我也无法想象。 4.then位于句首引起的完全倒装 [教材原句]　Then came the sound of a heavy door opening，and two seamen appeared. 接着传来了沉重的开门声，两位水手出现了。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 一、核心词汇 1. ___________ adj.民间的，民俗的 2. ___________ vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵 3. ___________ n.结构，构造；建筑物，结构体 4. ___________ vt.呈送，提交，呈递 5. ___________ vi.凝视，盯着看 6. ___________ adj.空白的 n.(纸张上的)空白处，空格 folk recite structure submit stare blank 7. ___________ vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；飘 8. ___________ vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来 9. ___________ vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 10. ___________ vt.& vi.扫，打扫 n.挥动；打扫 11. ___________ vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于 12. ___________ vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长 13. ___________ n.海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮 vi.& vt.挥动，摆动；挥手 sail fetch slip sweep wander stretch wave 14. ___________ vi.& vt.下沉，沉没 15. ___________ vt.攫取，抓住 16. ___________ adv.然而，不过；尽管如此 17. ___________ vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n.罢工；打击 18. ___________ adj.固体的；坚硬的 19. ___________ prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车) 20. ___________ adj.高尚的，崇高的；贵族的 sink grab nevertheless strike solid aboard noble 31 二、拓展词汇 1.drama n.戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→___________ adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的 →_____________ adv.戏剧地；显著地 2.adventure n.历险，奇遇→___________ adj.有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；惊险的 3.fantasy n.幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想→___________ adj.极好的 dramatic dramatically adventurous fantastic 32 4.stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的→___________ vt.刺激；激励→___________ n.刺激；激励；激发 5.absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的→___________ vt.吸引；吸收；理解→___________ adj.被……吸引住；专心致志的 6.mystery n.难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事→___________ adj.神秘的；奇怪的 7.literary adj.文学的→___________ n.文学；文献资料 stimulate stimulation absorb absorbed mysterious literature 33 8.historical adj.历史的→___________ adj.历史上著名的；有历史意义的→___________ n.历史→___________ n.历史学家 9.crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动→___________ n.罪犯 10.frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的→___________ v.(河、湖等)结冰→___________ adj.极冷的；冰冻的 11.continuous adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的→___________ v.延 续，继续→_____________ n.延续，继续部分 historic history historian criminal freeze freezing continue continuation 34 12.construction n.建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑→___________ vt.建筑，建造→___________ adj.建设性的 13.comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感→___________ adj.舒适的→_______________ adj.(人)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的 14.poison n.毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→___________ adj.有毒的 15.forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕→___________ n.原谅，宽恕，饶恕 construct constructive comfortable uncomfortable poisonous forgiveness 35 Ⅱ.默写核心词块 1.___________ 盯着  2. ____________________ 试着做某事  3. ___________________ 下定决心  4. ___________ 厌倦  5. ______________ 不相信地；怀疑地  6. ___________ 坚持；等一等  7. _______________ 绝望地  8. _______________ 为反对……而斗争  9. ______________ 冷得发抖  10. ___________________ 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)  stare at in an attempt to do sth. make up one’s mind be tired of with disbelief hold on in desperation struggle against shake with cold take...for granted Ⅲ.完成课文佳句 1.Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing，________________________________.  苏拿了一些纸和一支笔走进约翰西的房间，开始用钢笔画画，试图让约翰西打起精神来。 2.Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that ______________________________.  伯曼和苏向窗外的藤蔓看去，发现只剩下一片叶子。 in an attempt to raise Johnsy’s spirits there was just one remaining leaf 3.We were aboard the machine now，and________________________ ___________.  我们现在登上了那台机器，我在黑暗中冷得发抖。 4. ____________________________________________ is in many ways an early form of the Romantic Movement in 19th century Europe.  他自由、生动、夸张的诗歌风格在很多方面都是19世纪欧洲浪漫主义运动的早期形式。 I shook with cold in the darkness His free，vivid and exaggerated style of poetry 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This ___________ (absorb) new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). 2.Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. ___________(freeze) with fear，he stood rooted to the spot. 3.What happened today made me realize that ___________ (forgive) is a kind of virtue. absorbing Frozen forgiveness 4.(2022·全国甲卷)He did not kneel (跪) down，nor ___________ (do) I need him to.That’s only for giving water to the dogs that brought us together. 5.(2023·北京卷)Children，on the other hand，have no idea that insect population has dropped ___________ (dramatic). 6.With so many different forms of _________ to choose from，students may eventually want to write ___________ of their own.(poem) did dramatically poetry poems 7.Lucy，a young girl from America，is fond of ___________.Her ___________ experience is unbelievable.(adventure) 8.There are many ___________ stories about the Egyptian pyramids，and how they were made remains a ___________.(mystery) adventures adventurous mysterious mystery Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ______________________________________ (所有的作业都会被提交) by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system.  2.My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon _________________ (使我放松下来).She was smart and humorous and I ______________ (感到很自在) with her.  All the assignments will be submitted put/set me at ease felt at ease 3.My ambition is to live ___________ (惬意地) in the suburbs of the city in the future.  4. ________________________________________ (我渴望提高英语口语).Can you give me some advice?(求助信)  5.“Nonsense!” said my father angrily，________________ (怒视着我) in disbelief.  in comfort I am desperate to improve my spoken English glaring at me 43 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. ___________________ (尽管我尽力了)，I failed and a wave of desperation swept across me.(倒装)  2.The coach was not satisfied with the result of their competition，_________________________ (球员们也不满意).  3.很长一段时间以来，我一直渴望去北京旅行。(long to do...) For a long time，I _________________________ to Beijing.  Try as/though I might neither/nor were the players have longed to have a journey 44 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 精读真题提素养 课时作业 45 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 absorb...from...从……中吸收…… be absorbed into... 被并入…… be/get absorbed in全神贯注于 1.absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的(attractive，fascinating)→___________ vt.理解；掌握；吸收→___________ adj.被……吸引住；全神贯注；专心致志 absorb absorbed ①The romance in the fiction was so ___________ (absorb) and touching that I was moved to tears. ②Many small shops have been absorbed ___________ big businesses due to the strike of the global financial crisis. ③My head teacher is absorbed in teaching，so he frequently forgets about eating and sleeping.(人物介绍) →______________________，my head teacher frequently forgets about eating and sleeping.(形容词短语作状语)  absorbing into Absorbed in teaching (1)submit sth.to sb.将某物提交给某人 submit (oneself) to屈从于…… (2)in submission顺从，屈从 2.submit v.呈送，提交，呈递；服从→___________ n.提交的材 料；呈递材料；屈服，投降→___________ adj.服从的，顺从的，恭顺的 submission submissive ①Submit a topic proposal ___________ your history teacher.The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear. ②She sighed helplessly，“I shall give up my claim in ___________ (submit) to your wishes.” ③(2024·九省联考)请在6月1日截止日期前将你们的参赛作品发送至英语系邮箱。 Please ____________________________________________________ ____________________.  to submission submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st (1)with ease=easily容易地；不费力地 feel at ease 舒适自在 put/set sb.at ease使某人放松/自在 (2)ease sb.of...使某人消除/减轻…… ease one’s mind使某人安心 3.ease n.轻易，毫不费劲；安逸；舒适 (comfort) vt.(使)宽慰；减轻→___________ adj.容易的；舒适的→___________ adv.容易地；不费力地 easy easily ①Playing basketball serves as the best way to ease us ___________ our great study pressure and find some pleasure at the same time. ②(北师大必修三) The more you listen，the ___________ (ease) it is to catch on. ③(2024·浙江1月卷)A social connection is often a big part of learning. __________________________________________ (你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题； there be句型).  of easier There are things you can do to ease this problem (1)in comfort舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to对……是安慰 (2)comfort...with...以……安慰某人 it comforts sb.to do sth.做某事使某人得到安慰 4.comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感→___________ adj.舒服的；舒适的 comfortable ①The seats were ___________ (comfort) and after a calming drink，which made us sleepy，our eyes closed. ②Even if he was in trouble，he was still optimistic，which was a great comfort ___________ me. ③当我沮丧时，父亲总是拍拍我的肩膀安慰我。 When I was depressed，my father would________________________ ___________.  comfortable to pat me on the shoulder to comfort me (1)go aboard上船(飞机，火车等) aboard the train/plane/ship在火车/飞机/船上 (2)board a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车 on board在(船，车，飞机等)上 5.aboard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车) →___________ v.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等) board ①她们在上车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失在视线之外。 They had said goodbye to each other before_______________________ ______，but the mother kept waving hands to ___________________ until the train went out of sight.  ②他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，总是满面笑容。(外貌描写) He is tall ____________________ and a beard and always__________ ___________.  [名师指津]　形近词：broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；abroad adv.在/到国外；在/到海外 going aboard/boarding the train her daughter on board with broad shoulders wears a broad smile stare at盯着，凝视 glare at怒视 glance at扫一眼 gaze at凝视；注目 6.stare vi.凝视；盯着看 用“动词＋at”短语填空 ①I ___________ the blank test paper，with my hands pulling the hair，totally at a loss.  ②The fellow ___________ the menu casually and ordered a steak and a cup of coffee.  ③With her chin on her hands，the girl ___________ the poet with sparkling eyes.  stared at glanced at gazed at (1)take it for granted that...认为……理所当然(it为形式宾语) (2)take...seriously认真对待…… take...into account/consideration把……考虑在内 take it easy轻松点，别紧张 take one’s time别着急；慢慢来 7.take...for granted视……为理所当然(而对其不重视) ①We take ________ for granted that with memory we can remember most of things which happened in our life. ②Don’t take what he says ___________ (serious).He likes making fun of others. ③不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美。认真对待它，并寻找这些问题的答案。(建议信) You should not ____________________________________________. _________________ and seek solutions to these problems.  it seriously take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly Take it seriously [教材原句]　The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. 撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然它可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。 8.though引导的让步状语从句中的倒装 在as或though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语、状语或动词原形往往提前到句首，构成部分倒装。 ①Briefly ___________ she explained，we still learned a lot from her words. ②__________________________ (虽然我们筋疲力尽)，we felt very jocund and proud，with our eyes twinkling with great glee.  ③尽管他是个孩子，但当玉米收获时，他尽了自己的责任。 _______________________，he did his part when the corn was harvested.  as/though Exhausted as/though we were Child as/though he was [特别提醒]　as/though引导倒装结构时：(1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。 (2)句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 [教材原句]　I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine. 我不能说出我在哪里，我也无法想象。 表示上文所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”。注意三个一致： (1)逻辑一致：如果上文是肯定句，下文用so引导。如果上文是否定句，下文用neither/nor引导。 (2)人称一致：即so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和主语的人称和数保持一致。 (3)助动词一致：so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和前面句子中所使用的助动词/系动词类型保持一致。 9.nor位于句首引起的部分倒装 ①Unfortunately，I slipped at the entrance to the park，___________ did my brother. ②I haven’t submitted my application form，___________ has Tom. ③(外研必修一)这让我意识到茄子里没有蛋；菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果。 This made me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant either.__________ _____________________________.  so neither/nor Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.When deeply ___________ (absorb) in work，as he often was，he would forget all about night and day. 2.In the past，I frequently submitted myself ___________ difficulties but now I can spare no effort to handle them. 3.I recalled that my former English teacher often comforted me ___________ inspiring words. 4.It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and ___________ (freeze) fog hung in the air. absorbed to with freezing 5.Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may ___________ (forgive) for thinking they are in a city gallery.  6.Bravely，Mary struggled ___________ her feet，and fought against the wind and rain beating against her. 7.Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your ___________ (emotion) health. be forgiven to emotional 8.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those amazing _____________(construct) of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot，tasty soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 9.We are going to have to do some ___________(detect) work on this. 10.In his ___________ (desperate) to escape，Tom __________ (slip) and broke a leg. constructions detective desperation slipped Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日之前将申请书和相关资料提交给学生会。(通知) Those who are interested in the summer camp must ________________ _________________________________________________________.  2.请原谅我占用了您这么多时间，并请接受我最美好的祝愿，祝您健康幸福。(道歉信) _____________________________________________ and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.  submit the applications and relevant materials to the Student Union by May 15th Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time 3.如果你把朋友视为理所当然，那你也许不会有长久的友情。 _______________________________，you may not have friends for very long.  4.尽管天气很热，我们采摘橘子时高兴地唱歌欢笑。(场景描写) ___________________，we sang and laughed while picking oranges.(倒装句)  5.昨天晚上他没有看这场比赛，我也没有。 He didn’t watch the game last night and ___________________.  If you take your friends for granted Hot as/though it was nor/neither did I Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.More than a foot of snow blanketed parts of Michigan. 　___________ A.n.覆盖层 B.v.消除(声音) C.vt.覆盖 C 2.People’s attention wanders constantly.In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. 　___________ A.走神，开小差 B.(道路或河流)蜿蜒；迂回曲折 C.(人的眼睛)慢慢地移开 A 3.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. 　___________ A.吸收 B.理解，掌握 C.吸引，使专心 C 4.(2023·浙江1月卷)I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. 　___________ A.(身体)伸展，伸开 B.(时间)连续的一段，持续 C.(土地或水域的)一片 C 5.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson uses a simple，direct style common to fables.In fact，her style and tone are seemingly directed at children. 　___________ A.(说话的)语气，口气 B.色调，明暗 C.声调，音调 A 6.slip A.vi.滑倒，滑落　B.vi.悄悄疾行，溜走　C.vt.迅速放置，悄悄塞进　 D.vi.下降，退步　E.n.差错，疏漏　 F.n.纸条，便条　G.vi.忘记　H.vi.打滑 (1)You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. 　___________ (2)(2022·全国乙卷)When the sun slipped behind the mountains，it shed a rosy glow all around them. 　___________ (3)Due to addiction to playing computer games，the boy’s marks at school slipped sharply. 　___________ (4)(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)When he looked down，he accidentally slipped and fell over the edge. ___________ E B D A A.vi.滑倒，滑落　B.vi.悄悄疾行，溜走　C.vt.迅速放置，悄悄塞进　 D.vi.下降，退步　E.n.差错，疏漏　 F.n.纸条，便条　G.vi.忘记　H.vi.打滑 (5)I managed to slip a few jokes into my speech. 　___________ (6)I wrote it down on a slip of paper in case I forgot. 　___________ (7)An elderly woman was strewing the floor with chalk so that the dancing shoes would not slip. 　___________ (8)(2022·全国乙卷)Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. 　___________ C F H G 培优2　单元话题写作——诗词大赛 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear Michael， 　　To arouse students’ love for Chinese culture，our school ①______________________________________ (要举办一场中文诗词大赛).It would be a great pleasure if you could join us.  is going to hold a Chinese Poetry Contest 　　Participants can ②______________________________________ _______________ (要么背诵几首诗，要么生动地描述；either...or结构) their literary setting.If you are interested，③_______________ ________________________ (把申请交给你的老师) before the deadline.In addition，plenty of details should be considered，such as yourself-introduction.If you want to achieve a good result，you ④____________________________________ (需要提前做充足的准备).  　　I hope we can have a good competition.May you have a success. Yours， Li Hua either recite some poems or give a vivid description of submit the application to your teacher need to make full preparations in advance 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　romance；dramatic；contradictory；logic；disbelief；glee；jocund；gay；pensive；bliss；violent；desperation；sink；unconscious；blank；sprightly [环境描写]　absorbing；icy；vine；frozen；breeze；bay；sparkling；daybreak [动作描写]　submit；stare；sail；slip；inch；wander；sweep；flutter；twinkle；glance；gaze；grab；drown；strike；utter 美句 1.In November，a cold，unseen stranger，whom the doctors called Pneumonia，arrived in Greenwich Village.(拟人手法) 2....she lay，barely moving，in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.(动作描写) 3.What’s more，a cold rain was falling，mixed with snow.(环境描写) 4.Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew?(反问句) 美句 5.“Help，help!” I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation.(情感描写) 6.It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.(拟人手法) 7.I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water.I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last time，then I sank.(动作链描写) 8.The countryside there is wild，natural and beautiful.(环境描写) 在文学老师的鼓励下，我决定创作自己的文学作品——一个引人入胜的冒险故事，故事中一个男孩被幻想所吸引，扬帆探索世界。在旅途中，他经历了一系列惊心动魄的事件，交了很多快乐的朋友。 Step 2　语料运用 Encouraged by my literature teacher，I decided to create my own literary work—an absorbing adventure story ①_____________ ________________________________________________________.During the journey， he ②________________________________ _________________ and made a lot of joyful friends. in which a boy was attracted by fantasies and set off on a sail to explore the world experienced a series of dramatic and thrilling incidents 我想传达的寓意是爱和友谊。一完成故事框架，我就把它交给了我的老师，希望他能帮我润色。仔细看着我的手稿，他闪闪发光的眼睛闪烁着幸福和兴奋。 The moral I wanted to convey was love and friendship.The moment I finished the structure，③__________________________，hoping he could polish it for me.He stared at my script， ④_____________________________________ ___________. I submitted it to my teacher his sparkling eyes twinkled with bliss and excitement 过了一会儿，他从我的故事中抬起眼睛，温和地凝视着我，把我拉入他怀中，惊呼：“太难以置信了!我从来没有读过比这更好的故事!”我惊呆了，感激地拥抱了他，紧接着一阵喜悦涌上了我的心头。毕竟，我在文学道路上有了一个不错的开端。 After a while，he raised his eyes from my story，⑤__________________ and ⑥______________ ___________，exclaiming，Unbelievable!Never have I read a better story!” Stunned，I ⑦_____________________________________ __________，and then ⑧__________________ ___________.After all，I made a good start on my literary road.  gazed at me gently gathered me in his arms gave him a grateful hug/hugged him in gratitude a wave of glee surged in my heart 【动作细节描写：眼睛】 语料积累 词块 meet sb.’s eyes 接触某人的目光　stare/gaze/look into one’s eyes 凝视　fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着　lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛　raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛　one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement 眼里闪着兴奋的光芒　keep an eye on注视　look sb.straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛　narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛　turn one’s eyes to 目光转向　shut one’s eyes 闭上眼睛　squeeze one’s eyes shut 紧闭眼睛　eye sb.up and down上下打量某人　one’s eyes fall on sb.某人的目光落在某人身上 句型 John sat beside the window，with his eyes fixed/focused on a book.(with复合结构) 约翰坐在窗边，眼睛盯着一本书。 Gazing at the surroundings，he sang happily，with innocent and curious eyes.(现在分词短语作状语) 他凝视着周围的环境，带着天真而好奇的眼睛，愉快地唱着歌。 句型 When he recognized who the visitor was，John opened his mouth wide，his eyes glistening with extreme thrill.(独立主格) 当约翰认出来访者是谁时，他张大了嘴，眼睛里闪烁着极度兴奋的光芒。 The desperate woman wiped her tears，lifted her eyes and focused her eyes on the ceiling，tears welling up in her eyes.(动作链描写) 那个绝望的女人擦了擦眼泪，抬起眼睛盯着天花板，泪水涌上了她的眼眶。 句型 Tears ran down her cheeks and soon her eyes were red from crying. 泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来，很快她的眼睛就哭红了。 With his eyes narrowed，he wondered what had happened.(with复合结构) 他眯起眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。 Eyeing me come in，my father eyed me up and down，confused.(现在分词短语作状语) 看着我进来，父亲上下打量着我，迷惑不解。 句型 Though my eyes were filled with tears，I still kept an eye on my teacher’s expression. 虽然我的眼睛里充满了泪水，但我仍然注视着老师的表情。 When learning the truth，I squeezed my eyes shut and bit my lips，with tears running down my cheeks.(动作描写) 得知真相后，我紧紧地闭上眼睛，咬着嘴唇，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。 精读真题提素养 精读真题提素养/在语篇集训中拓展单元主题 　　•阅读理解(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·C) 　　Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history，in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists’ representations of books and reading，we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.  In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to.  Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智)，wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.  Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader.To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line” activity.  　　[语篇解读]　《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》让我们看到了超越文化与时间的共同人性。网络化的生活中，电子书的推广并不能取代印刷书的使用，阅读印刷书仍然是完全私人的活动。 28.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.An introduction to a book. B.An essay on the art of writing. C.A guidebook to a museum. D.A review of modern paintings. 答案：A 解析：文章出处题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。 29.What are the selected artworks about? A.Wealth and intellect. B.Home and school. C.Books and reading. D.Work and leisure. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第二句中的“We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school...the generations.”可知，被选中的艺术品强调的是图书和阅读，故C项正确。 30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Understand.　　　　　 B.Paint. C.Seize. D.Transform. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to.”中的but表达的语境可知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故画线词意为“理解”，A项正确。 31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A.The printed book is not totally out of date. B.Technology has changed the way we read. C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D.People now rarely have the patience to read. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据本文最后一句可知，在我们日益网络化的生活中，我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪，与之相反，印刷书仍然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的价值。据此可知，作者提及电子书旨在说明印刷书并未完全过时，故A项正确。 【词汇识记】 1.celebration n.庆典，庆祝活动；庆祝；颂扬 2.object n.对象；目的；目标；物体；宾语 v.反对；不同意(和to连用) 3.throughout prep.遍及；各处；自始至终；贯穿整个时期 adv.始终；处处；在所有方面 4.humanity n.人类；(统称)人；人性 5.era n.纪元，年代 6.setting n.场景，背景 7.leisure n.休闲 adj.休闲的 8.faith n.信仰；信心；信任；诚意 9.treasure n.财富；珍宝 vt.珍藏；珍视 10.inexpensive adj.廉价的；不昂贵的 11.throwaway n.(使用后抛弃的)册子 12.outdated adj.过时的；陈旧的 13.activate vt.使活动；激活 14.part v.分别；分离；分开；离开 15.increasingly adv.越来越多地；不断增加地 16.network v.将……连接成网络 17.monitor v.监控；监视；监听 18.track v.追踪 19.long before很久以前 20.come into being形成 21.shared humanity共同(有)的人性 22.go beyond超越；超出 23.the raw material原材料 24.transform...into...把……转化成…… 25.a point of view观点；着眼点 26.in contrast to相比之下 27.in their own right以他们自己的权利；凭他们本身的实力 28.serve one’s function履行职责 29.deep in thought陷入沉思 30.consume vt.消费；消耗；吃完→consumer n.消费者→consumption n.消费；消耗 31.emphasize v.强调→emphasis n.强调→emphases (pl.)n.强调 32.arrange vt.排列；布置→arrangement n.安排；排列 33.represent v.代表；象征；描写；成为典型；再递交→representative n.代表，代理人 adj.典型的，有代表性的→representation n.代表；陈述；表现；描述 34.symbolically adv.象征性地，象征意义地→symbolic adj.象征的，符号的→symbolize v.象征，用符号表示→symbol n.象征，标志；符号 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) 1.In artists’ representations of books and reading，we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. 　___________ 2.Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. 　___________ 3.More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. 　___________ 描述 印刷机 未经处理的 【难句分析】 1.Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. [译文选择] A.《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》是对日常物品——书的颂扬，书中收录的来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品均有对书的描绘。 B.《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》是对日常物品——书的颂扬，书中收录了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品。(A) [结构分析] the book是an everyday object的同位语；represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world是过去分词短语修饰the book。 2.The image of the reader appears throughout history，in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. [译文选择] A.读者形象贯穿整个历史，正如我们现在所知道的那样，书籍里面在很久之前就出现了艺术作品。 B.读者形象贯穿整个历史，它早在我们现在所知道的书籍出现之前的艺术作品中就已经出现了。(B) [结构分析] The image appears是主干结构；过去分词made作后置定语，修饰art；as we now know them，是由as引导的一个方式状语从句，对前面的books做严格的限定，as不指代任何成分，只起连接作用；them指代前面的books。 3.In artists’ representations of books and reading，we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. [译文选择] A.在艺术家代表性的书籍和阅读中，我们看到了超越文化和时间的共同人性的时刻。 B.在艺术家对书籍和阅读的描绘中，我们看到了超越文化和时间的共同人性的时刻。(B) [结构分析] shared是过去分词作定语，修饰humanity；that go beyond culture and time是定语从句，修饰先行词shared humanity。 4.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. [译文选择] A.我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，书成为两代人的焦点。 B.我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，书成为代际关系的焦点。(B) [结构分析] with the book as a focus for relations between the generations是with复合结构作状语。 5.More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. [译文选择] A.最近，随着书籍变得便宜甚至可以随意丢弃，艺术家们已经把它们当作艺术品的原材料：将封面、书页甚至整章变成绘画和雕塑。 B.最近，随着书籍变得便宜甚至可以随意丢弃，艺术家们已经把它们当作艺术品的原材料：将封面、书页甚至整本书变成绘画和雕塑。(B) [结构分析] as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway是时间状语从句；transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures是现在分词短语作状语。 6.To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined. [译文选择] A.为了发挥其功能，一本书必须被用户激活：封面打开，书页分开，内容回顾，也许写下笔记或画下重点。 B.为了服务其功能，一本书必须被用户激活：封面打开，书页分开，内容回顾，也许写下笔记或画下重点。(A) [结构分析] the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined都是独立主格结构作状语。 课时作业 课时作业33 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Many people are a little scared by the term “mountain biking” because they think it implies the need for extreme physical fitness or some kind of death wish.But in actual fact there are different forms of mountain biking，some of which provide a great chance to get out in the great outdoors and enjoy the main attraction that brings people to New Zealand—the beauty of nature. Downhill Mountain Biking 　　Downhill mountain biking is one of the craziest sports in New Zealand，and the one which will likely appeal most to New Zealand adventure travel tourists.It can be extremely dangerous.If you haven’t tried it before，stick to a small track without a steep incline，and make sure you wear the correct safety gear such as a helmet and chest plate. 　　Long Distance Mountain Biking 　　Many New Zealanders treat mountain biking as a serious sport and many also use it as their primary way of keeping fit.Compared to many other countries，a cross-country tour by bike is relatively easy and safe on New Zealand roads.However，if you want to push yourself physically and experience parts of New Zealand which are “off the beaten trail，” a mountain bike trek may be ideal for you. Scenic Mountain Biking You can experience the freedom of mountain biking through the New Zealand landscape even if you aren’t particularly adventurous or fit.In fact，if you have the time，biking is one of the best ways to see the country.You can get a taste of some of the easier，flatter trails through the National Parks and forests.The wine-growing regions are also good areas for guided scenic bike tours.These areas tend to be relatively flat and have a good climate for enjoying some open outdoors. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几条不同的山地自行车观光路线。 1.What does the author think of mountain biking?(　　) A.It’s a way of keeping fit. B.It’s a very dangerous sport. C.It’s a good way of sightseeing. D.It’s highly physically demanding. 1 2 3 C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But in actual fact there are different forms of mountain biking，some of which provide a great chance to get out in the great outdoors and enjoy the main attraction that brings people to New Zealand—the beauty of nature.”可推知，作者认为山地自行车是一种很好的观光方式。故选C。 2.Which best suits you if you intend to enjoy the New Zealand landscape?(　　) A.A mountain bike race. B.Scenic mountain biking. C.Downhill mountain biking. D.Long distance mountain biking. 1 2 3 B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You can experience the freedom of mountain biking through the New Zealand landscape even if you aren’t particularly adventurous or fit.”可知，如果你想欣赏新西兰的风景，Scenic mountain biking这条路线最适合你。故选B。 3.In which section of a newspaper might you find the text?(　　) A.Sport.　　　　　　　 B.Advertisement. C.Lifestyle. D.Travel. 1 2 3 D 解析：文章出处题。根据第一段中的“But in actual fact there are different forms of mountain biking，some of which provide...the beauty of nature.”和下文中介绍的三条路线可知，文章主要介绍了几条不同的山地自行车观光路线。由此推知，文章最有可能出自报纸的旅行版块。故选D。 B Today，poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths.But that wasn’t always the case.The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s.But translating research into lyrics，haiku，and other poetic forms is resurging (再现) among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world，” says Sam Illingworth，a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia.Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal，called Consilience，Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon，a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland，joined one of Illingworth’s workshops.In the workshop，she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku，a 17-syllable-long poem，which spotlighted water，a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects.“It was a lot of fun，and surprisingly easy to write the poem，” Mazon says.She plans to continue writing.“We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas，” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth，who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.“Actually，when science communication involves writing and sharing poems，it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts，” he says.Scientist-poet Manjula Silva，an educator at Imperial College London，agrees.Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand，Silva says. 　　Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others.The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think.We’re all just people with，hopefully，really interesting things to say and to share. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家和诗人之间的联系。文章提到了一些名人，以显示诗歌和科学并不总是被认为是互相排斥的职业道路。 4.What is the purpose of mentioning the celebrities in paragraph 1? (　　) A.To display they were talented. B.To confirm they were out of favor. C.To encourage different career paths. D.To show poetry and science can be combined. 4 5 6 7 D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s.But translating research into lyrics，haiku，and other poetic forms is resurging among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.”可知，原文中提到了传统观念中的诗人和科学家不同，但也提到了历史上有一些科学家也具有诗人才华。提到这些历史人物的目的是表明诗歌和科学是可以相结合的。 4 5 6 7 5.What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do?(　　) A.Promote a new science-poetry journal. B.Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C.Encourage science communication through poems. D.Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 5 6 7 4 C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal，called Consilience，Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学交流。 6.What does Illingworth think of the dominant ways of science communication?(　　) A.Conventional.　　　　　 B.Effective. C.Innovative D.Complex. 5 6 7 4 A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth，who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.”可知，Illingworth认为，科学交流倡议往往被公开讲座的幻灯片所主导，这是一种老套的方式。 7.Which of the following is the best title for the text?(　　) A.Scientists Take on Poetry B.Scientists and Poets Think Alike C.Poetry：A Great Tool to Question the World D.Science Communication：A Two-way Dialogue 5 6 7 4 A 138 解析：标题归纳题。文中提到了一些历史人物，如数学家 Ada Lovelace 和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell 都是杰出的诗人，说明诗歌和科学在过去并不是相互排斥的领域。但是在19世纪，将两种领域结合起来的做法逐渐没落。现在，随着科学家们在寻找更多向外界人员灌输科研成果的方法，将研究成果转化为诗歌、俳句等文学形式的做法再次流行起来。文章介绍了Sam Illingworth学者和诗人的身份交替和新的科学诗歌杂志Consilience，以及他如何鼓励科学家们将自己的成果转化为韵文和诗歌，从而向更广泛的受众灌输他们的最新研究成果。此外，文章也引用了科学家Manjula Silva的观点，认为诗歌为将复杂的科学概念转化为大家都可以理解的语言提供了方便。综上，文章主要强调科学家开始研究诗歌(通过石刻的形式传播科学)。 5 6 7 4 139 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·山东青岛一模)When my father was a teenager，he had been declared a prodigy (天才) by his art teacher.He 　1　 to become an art teacher and had some 　2　 of his paintings.But when my mother got ill，his creative life ceased.  I remembered my father’s 　3　 for art.One day，I asked whether he was interested in drawing a cartoon.My father was not much of a 　4　.When learning to drive，I had asked if it was more important to 　5　the cars ahead or those behind.“Both.” Then he was 　6　 for the next three miles.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 He gave no 　7　 answer to my query (询问).I asked again the following day.Still no real 　8　.I ultimately 　9　 the idea.I understood he had enough on his plate already.But a week later，I received an email from my father—with a(n)　10　.I downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw!  We began to draw cartoons.The process of creating gave him 　11　.As he built his art muscles back up，his teenage self’s enthusiasm 　12　.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 He is now painting，drawing and talking so much that I have to 　13　 I’m getting a call to escape his 　14　.If he were to ask me whether I was proud of the cartoon or of him turning his life around，I would say，“　15　.”  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲因为母亲生病停止了自己的艺术创作。为了帮助父亲找回热情，作者让父亲画漫画，最终父亲少年时代的热情又回来了，作者也为父亲改变了生活而骄傲。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 1.A.went on　　　　 B.agreed C.seemed D.happened 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“When my father was a teenager，he had been declared a prodigy by his art teacher.”可知，父亲有艺术天赋，所以继续成了一名美术老师。go on继续；agree同意；seem似乎；happen发生。 2.A.records B.copies C.exhibits D.celebrations 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文“of his paintings”以及上文提到父亲是美术老师可知，是举办了一些绘画展览。record记录；copy复制；exhibit展示；celebration庆祝。 3.A.choice B.love C.skill D.idea 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“But when my mother got ill，his creative life ceased.”可知，父亲因为母亲放弃了美术，所以此处指作者想起父亲对艺术的热爱。A.choice选择；B.love爱；C.skill技能；D.idea想法。 4.A.talker B.teacher C.painter D.thinker 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文作者问父亲问题，父亲只回答了一个“Both”可知，父亲不健谈。A.talker谈话者；B.teacher老师；C.painter画家；D.thinker思考者。 5.A.drive off B.rush through C.look into D.concentrate on 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“When learning to drive”可知，此处谈论的开车，把注意力放在前面的车更重要，还是放在后面的车更重要。A.drive off赶走；B.rush through快速通过；C.look into调查；D.concentrate on集中。 6.A.careful B.silent C.impatient D.polite 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Both”可知，父亲只回答了一个字，结合上文提到父亲不爱说话，说明接下来的三英里，他一言不发。A.careful仔细的；B.silent沉默的；C.impatient无耐心的；D.polite礼貌的。 7.A.definite B.relevant C.simple D.clever 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Both”可知，父亲对作者的回答没有给出明确的回答。A.definite清晰的；B.relevant有关的；C.simple简单的；D.clever聪明的。 8.A.channel B.response C.message D.word 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I asked again the following day”以及“Still”可知，对于作者的问题父亲仍然没有给出明确的回答。A.channel频道；B.response回答；C.message信息；D.word单词。 9.A.dropped B.failed C.forgot D.regretted 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I understood he had enough on his plate already.”可知，作者放弃了询问父亲的想法。drop落下，放弃；fail失败；forget忘记；regret后悔。 10.A.list B.present C.budget D.attachment 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据下文“I downloaded the file and there was the cartoon I had asked him to draw!”可知，父亲的邮件附带了漫画附件。A.list清单；B.present礼物；C.budget预算；D.attachment附件。 11.A.freedom B.safety C.purpose D.trust 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文“he built his art muscles back up”可知，创造的过程给了他目标。A.freedom自由；B.safety安全；C.purpose目标；D.trust信任。 12.A.grew B.returned C.appeared D.mixed 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“But when my mother got ill，his creative life ceased.”可知，此处指父亲对艺术的热情回来了。 13.A.pretend B.state C.joke D.mention 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I’m getting a call to escape his 　14　”可知，作者为了逃避兴奋的父亲，不得不假装打电话。A.pretend假装；B.state陈述；C.joke开玩笑；D.mention提及。  14.A.excitement B.disappointment C.embarrassment D.amusement 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“He is now painting，drawing and talking so much”可知，父亲因为找回了对美术的热情而兴奋，一直在画画、描绘和说话。A.excitement激动；B.disappointment失望；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.amusement娱乐。 15.A.Myself B.You C.Neither D.Both 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：此处呼应上文父亲的回答“Both”，指作者为漫画和父亲改变了自己的生活感到骄傲。 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：scare v.使惊恐；害怕 Para.3：serious adj.认真的，严肃的 Para.4：adventurous adj.勇于冒险的，敢于创新的 核心 短语 Para.2：appeal to吸引 Para.3：compare to与……相比 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：mutually adv.相互地　surgeon n.外科医生 Para.3：feature v.以……为特色 核心 短语 Para.5：less than少于 课时作业34 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A 　　(2024·湖北武汉四月调研) Must-read New Fiction Books We all have a few tried-and-true fiction favorites，but there’s something special about a brand-new，hot-off-the-press novel.Whether it’s your favorite author’s new release or a new writer’s first work，great fiction books make the perfect escape from ordinary life.That’s why we’ve rounded up a list of the best new books released in February. Age of Gold by Jerry Lapoor Jerry Lapoor’s latest action-packed novel unfolds like a crazy movie.This thriller begins when a wealthy man’s car gets out of control.But when the dust settles，the rich man is nowhere to be found.How and to where does he disappear? With an exciting plot that will carry you from old-money houses to small agricultural villages，Age of Cold will take you on an unforgettable ride across a vast land. City Under One Sky by Rachel Young In the book，Young presents a crime story set in a small town.Detective Sara Kennedy has been sent to investigate a case.But soon after arrival，Sara gets snowed in with the 205 townsfolk living in the same apartment building.Who is hiding the key to the crime? And is there anyone she can truly trust? The appealing story，strange but distinctive characters and unexpected plot are just a few of the reasons why City Under One Sky gains its popularity. Lady by Jess George Lady is an irresistible fiction from Jess George.The story of Mary’s fresh start at adulthood is shot through with themes of family，race and discrimination，womanhood and the immigrant reality of feeling torn between cultures.Though struggling with life in London as an African，Mary jumps at every chance to stand on her own feet. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新出版的三本小说。 1.What will impress the readers in Age of Gold?(　　) A.The thrilling plot. B.Traditional cultures. C.The family conflict. D.Crazy characters. 1 2 3 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Jerry Lapoor’s latest action-packed novel unfolds like a crazy movie.This thriller begins when a wealthy man’s car gets out of control...With an exciting plot”可知，Jerry Lapoor的这本最新小说情节起伏跌宕，像一部疯狂的电影，激动人心，故选A项。 2.What happens to Sara Kennedy in City Under One Sky?(　　) A.She is trapped in the snow. B.She is to investigate a case abroad. C.She hides the key evidence. D.She has trouble discovering the truth. 1 2 3 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sara gets snowed...Who is hiding the key to the crime?And is there anyone she can truly trust?”可知，Sara Kennedy在小镇上调查案件，穷于应付205位镇民，她不知道谁藏着罪案的关键证据以及能真正信任谁。由此可知，Sara的破案过程是有困难的，故选D。 1 2 3 3.Which is likely to be the main theme of Lady?(　　) A.Self-reliance. B.Gender equality. C.Domestic violence. D.Cross-cultural communication. 1 2 3 A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Lady这本书介绍了Mary成年后的新生活，故事中贯穿了关于家庭、种族和歧视、女性以及移民在文化间挣扎的现实的主题。尽管Mary在伦敦的生活很艰难，但她抓住一切机会自力更生。故“自立，自力更生”可能是这本书的主题。 B (2024·广东广州一模)Last summer at a bookstore，my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown’s middle-grade trilogy (三部曲).He then finished it in just two days.“Dad，why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad?” he tearfully asked me. The story is set on a remote island，where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island’s creatures，and becomes part of the community.For my son，it was the first book he discovered on his own； the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy (悲剧) and joy. When I finished the book，I knew why Henry loved it.In our book club discussion，he described how Brown’s pictures and words had made the story feel real.When talking about its final scenes，where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body，Henry cried again.His previous reading experiences had cheerful，“happily-ever-after” endings，but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions.I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments，but failed to fully convince him. Once our discussion ended，Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it.He read the first two books repeatedly，so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects. We both agree it is worth the wait.Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat： “the poison tide”. Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas—not just happiness and sadness，but also，given the climate-change undercurrents，hope and despair. And，here’s something special about Roz： her physical clumsiness and confusion about life，conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth.Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place，much like a child’s journey.Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even better，they learn alongside her.Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts，getting him ready to appreciate that，sometimes，sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读了The Wild Robot后，被故事内容所打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并感悟到悲伤如何能增强快乐时刻的意义以及悲伤也可以让人成长。 4.What drove the author to read The Wild Robot?(　　) A.Its tragic ending. B.Henry’s tearful recommendation. C.Its attractive cover. D.Henry’s emotional response to it. 4 5 6 7 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Dad，why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad?’ he tearfully asked me.”以及第三段中的“When I finished the book，I knew why Henry loved it.”可知，Henry对这本书的情绪反应促使作者阅读The Wild Robot。 5.What is one theme of The Wild Robot Protects?(　　) A.Family and community. B.Concerns about global issues. C.Exploration of the ocean. D.Man-robot relationship. 5 6 7 4 B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas—not just happiness and sadness，but also，given the climate-change undercurrents，hope and despair.”可知，The Wild Robot Protects的主题是对全球问题的关注。 6.What makes Roz in the trilogy special?(　　) A.Her childlike expressions. B.Her robotic power. C.Her struggling experiences. D.Her adventurous spirit. 5 6 7 4 C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place，much like a child’s journey.”可知，三部曲中的Roz的特别之处在于她的奋斗经历。 7.Which message does this text seem to communicate?(　　) A.Misfortune inspires great literary works. B.Robot stories work like magic on children. C.Book discussions help kids survive tragedies. D.Reading literature facilitates personal growth. 5 6 7 4 D 176 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts，getting him ready to appreciate that，sometimes，sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.”并结合文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读了一本书后，被故事内容打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并感悟到悲伤如何能增强快乐时刻的意义以及悲伤也可以让人成长可推知，这篇文章想表达的是阅读文学作品有助于个人成长。 5 6 7 4 177 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何开始阅读和欣赏经典文学的方法。 178 So，do you want to know how to read classic books? Maybe you are excited to deal with classic literature but you don’t know where to start.1(　　) Here are some tips for enjoying classic literature and helping you get started.  A.Look up dates and history. B.But that’s really not the case. C.Don’t be afraid to look things up. D.However，classic literature is more of a marathon. E.A character list can keep who is related to whom in check. F.Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition. G.Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points. 1.答案：G 解析：根据前两句“So，do you want to know how to read classic books? Maybe you are excited to deal with classic literature but you don’t know where to start.”可知，上文描述了你想阅读经典文学，但不知从何开始的可能性；选项G指出了不知该如何阅读经典文学的另一种可能性，衔接上文，并引出下文“Here are some tips for enjoying classic literature and helping you get started.”开始介绍如何阅读经典文学的方法。 Slow down the pace.The biggest difference between modern literature and classic literature is the pace.Modern reading can often feel like a short race.2(　　) If you try to apply short race techniques to a long distance run you will get tired pretty quickly.Well，the same is true with reading classic books.  A.Look up dates and history. B.But that’s really not the case. C.Don’t be afraid to look things up. D.However，classic literature is more of a marathon. E.A character list can keep who is related to whom in check. F.Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition. G.Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points. 2.答案：D 解析：根据前两句“The biggest difference between modern literature and classic literature is the pace.Modern reading can often feel like a short race.”可知，上文提出了现代文学与古典文学之间存在的区别，以及现代文学给人的感觉；选项D描述了古典文学给人的感觉，与现代文学形成对比，体现了两者的区别，语意衔接合理，符合语境。 3(　　) One of the challenges when you start to read classic books is the language style.Words and phrases that are out of date or no longer relevant can make the writing difficult to understand.As it’s just not the way things are written or what is being talked about，it is common to jump over concepts that we don’t understand or words that we’ve never come across before.But，the key to reading classic books and enjoying them is taking time to understand them.So don’t shy away from looking things up.  A.Look up dates and history. B.But that’s really not the case. C.Don’t be afraid to look things up. D.However，classic literature is more of a marathon. E.A character list can keep who is related to whom in check. F.Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition. G.Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points. 3.答案：C 解析：空处为第三段段落主题句，参考二、四、五段可知，应用祈使句。根据第三段最后一句“So don’t shy away from looking things up.”和全段内容可知，选项C与该段内容相符，符合段落主题。 Listen to the audio (有声的) book.Sometimes the best way to devote yourself to a classic book is to listen to it.Many classic books were intended to be read aloud.Books used to be very expensive，so people shared them.This meant that a family might gather together to listen to a few chapters every night.4(　　) A.Look up dates and history. B.But that’s really not the case. C.Don’t be afraid to look things up. D.However，classic literature is more of a marathon. E.A character list can keep who is related to whom in check. F.Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition. G.Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points. 4.答案：F 解析：根据第四段段落主题句“Listen to the audio book.”和全段内容可知，该段介绍了通过听有声书来欣赏经典文学的具体方法，再结合上一句“This meant that a family might gather together to listen to a few chapters every night.”可知，选项F符合段落主题内容，“that tradition”指代上一句提出的家人聚在一起听书的传统，衔接合理。 Choose your favourite.Finally，the key to reading classic books and actually enjoying them is to choose one that actually appeals to you. Classic books can get mixed up into a single genre (流派)“Classic”. 5(　　) Think about what you already love reading and look for books that suit your interest.  A.Look up dates and history. B.But that’s really not the case. C.Don’t be afraid to look things up. D.However，classic literature is more of a marathon. E.A character list can keep who is related to whom in check. F.Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition. G.Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points. 5.答案：B 解析：根据上一句“Classic Books can get mixed up into a single genre ‘Classic’.”和下一句“Think about what you already love reading and look for books that suit your interest.”，并结合该段主题句“Choose your favourite.”可知，经典书籍并不是只有一个流派，你可以选择你最喜欢和最适合你的，故选项B对于上一句的单一流派进行了否定，承上启下，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·河北石家庄教学质检) Dunhuang，an oasis (绿洲) in the Taklimakan Desert，used to be a major stop along the Silk Road，but is now mainly a fascinating tourist destination. Those interested 1.___________ Dunhuang’s colorful history will be attracted by the Mogao Caves，one of the city’s main attractions. The entrance to each cave 2. ___________ (block) by a locked door，which can only be opened by expert guides. Behind these doors are caves of all 3. __________ (size)—from very small to absolutely huge. The caves contain thousands of priceless manuscripts and silk paintings，which，upon their discovery，drew much 4.___________ (attend) to the area.  in is blocked sizes attention Also，there are few things as special as walking across the desert oasis at sunrise.5.___________ (catch) this incredible scene，you must rise early. It’s bitterly cold. But as the sun rises atop the golden dunes (沙丘) and paints a 6. ___________ (true) picturesque scene，all your efforts pay off. Sunset is a popular time for a camel ride. Get off the camels 7. _________ walk up a rather steep dune overlooking Crescent Lake. From this position，8. ___________ (regard) as the best one，the incredible sunset is awe-inspiring.  To catch truly and regarded No trip to Dunhuang is complete without visiting the Dunhuang Museum，9.__________ it’s possible to put all of the city’s historical sites into proper historical context. The museum is expansive， 10. ___________ (contain) many original artworks. Here，you are bound to be amazed by Dunhuang’s rich culture. where containing 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：tried-and-true adj.经过验证的，可靠的，可信的 Para.2：action-packed adj.(电影、书等)情节起伏跌宕的，刺激的　old-money adj.有钱人的，上流社会人士的 Para.3：distinctive adj.独特的，特别的，与众不同的 核心 短语 Para.1：round up聚集；收集 Para.4：jump at迫不及待地接受，欣然接受　stand on one’s own feet自立，独立自主 词缀 变形 Para.2：fold v.折叠→unfold v.展开，打开；(使)逐渐展现，展示，透露 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.3：enhance v.增强 Para.4：instantly adv.立刻 Para.5：expertly adv.熟练地　breathtaking adj.激动人心的，令人赞叹的　unsettling adj.令人不安(或紧张、担忧)的 Para.6：alongside prep.与……一起，与……同时　appreciate v.理解 词缀 变形 Para.4：repeat v.重复→repeatedly adv.重复地 Para.6：clumsy adj.笨拙的→clumsiness n.笨拙　confused adj.迷惑的→confusion n.困惑；混淆 $$