选修2 UNIT 4 HUMOUR-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

选择性必修第二册 UNIT 4　HUMOUR 主题语境　生活与学习 1 【单元主题　创意背记】 板块一　词句背诵 重难点词汇 ◆五级词汇 *physical adj.身体的(反mental)，肉体的 背诵默写本 ◆四级词汇 pretend vi.& vt.假装，装作 　pretend to be/do sth.假装是/做某事 　pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事 　pretend to have done sth.假装已经做了某事 humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的 anxiety n.焦虑，不安，担心(adj.anxious；adv.anxiously) 　with anxiety=anxiously焦虑地 confused adj.困惑的 　be confused about sth.对某事感到困惑 potential n.潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的 　have the potential to do sth.有潜力做某事 　achieve/realize one’s potential发挥某人的潜能 scientific adj.科学(上)的(science，scientist) atmosphere n.大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 scream vi.尖声大叫 n.尖叫声 examine vt.检查(n.examination) announce vt.宣布，宣告(n.announcement) 　announce sth.to sb.=announce to sb.sth.向某人宣布某事 　It’s announced that...据宣布…… deserve vt.应得，应受到 　deserve to do sth.应该做/值得做某事 　deserve to be done/doing值得被做 　deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意 　deserve it(口语)活该；自作自受 mood n.心情，情绪 　in a good/bad mood心情好/坏 rely vi.依赖(adj.reliable) 　rely on 依赖；信赖 　rely on sb.to do...依赖某人做…… 　rely on sb.for...依赖某人…… 　rely on it that...指望……；相信…… mostly adv.主要地；大部分 academic adj.学术的(n.academy) talent n.天资，天赋，才能(adj.talented) 　have a talent for...有……天赋 mirror n.镜子 demand vt.要求 n.需要，需求；要求 　be in (great) demand(迫切)需求 　meet/satisfy one’s demands满足某人的需求 　demand to do sth.要求做某事 　demand that...(should) do sth.要求……做某事 bath n.浴室 vi.洗澡 ◆三级词汇 comedy n.喜剧；喜剧片 facial adj.面部的；脸上的 　facial expressions面部表情 　facial recognition 面部识别 significant adj.重要的，重大的(n.significance) 　be significant/of significance to对……来说很重要 　play a significant role in在……中起重要作用 swing n.挥动，挥舞；秋千 vi.& vt.(swung，swung)(使)摆动；(使)转动；朝……打去；荡秋千 embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的(embarrass，embarrassing，embarrassment) 　be/feel embarrassed about/at...对……感到尴尬 antique n.古董 adj.古时制造的 crisis n.危难时刻；危机(pl.crises) 　economic/political crisis 经济/政治危机 cell n.细胞 whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 expense n.费用，花费 　cover one’s living expenses 支付生活开支 　cut down on one’s expenses 节省开支 　at the expense/cost of 以……为代价 　at sb.’s expense 嘲笑某人 reputation n.名誉，名望 purse n.女用手提包；女式钱包 contrary n.正相反，恰恰相反 adj.相反的，相对立的 　contrary to 与……相反 　on the contrary 恰恰相反 scholarship n.奖学金 obtain vt.获得，得到(get) 　obtain knowledge 获得知识 　obtain one’s degree 获得学位 　obtain a scholarship 获得奖学金 rarely adv.很少，难得 genius n.天才，天赋；天才人物 criticise vi.& vt.批评，指责(n.criticism；反praise) ◆二级词汇 plot n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 accent n.口音 interact vi.交流；交往；相互作用(n.interaction) enhance vt.增强；改进；提高 　enhance one’s reputation提高某人的声誉 　enhance friendship and unity 增进友谊和团结 collapse vi.突然倒下 consume vt.消耗；吃；消费 faithful adj.忠诚的 　be faithful to对……忠诚 potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 forecast (forecast/forecasted，forecast/forecasted) vt.& n.预测；预报(predict) 　the weather forecast 天气预报 surgery n.诊所；外科手术 bleed vi.流血，出血 tension n.紧张；焦虑；焦急(adj.tense) muscle n.肌肉 embarrassment n.窘迫，尴尬 　(much) to one’s embarrassment让某人(非常)尴尬的是 nationality n.国籍 amuse vt.使开心；逗笑 　amuse sb.with sth.用……取乐/消遣 astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 raw adj.生的； 未经处理的；原始的 chew vi.& vt.咀嚼 vase n.花瓶 contemporary adj.当代的 amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的 convinced adj.确信的，信服的 　be convinced (that...)/of...(某人)坚信…… ◆一级词汇 *imitate vt.模仿 well-being n.舒适；健康；幸福 *referee n.裁判(员) *terrified adj.极度惊恐的 dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 unbalanced adj.不平衡的 saucer n.杯托 doorway n.门口，出入口 *casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地 appetite n.胃口，食欲 　lose one’s appetite/ have no appetite 没胃口 　have an appetite for 喜欢 *deduce vt.推论，推断 astronomy n.天文学 19 *galaxy n.星系 *Saturn n.土星 *Leo n.狮子座 measurement n.测量，计量，衡量 middle-aged adj.中年的 sneeze vi.& n.打喷嚏 consultation n.就诊；咨询(v.consult) afterwards adv.随后，后来 20 circus n.马戏团 *clown n.小丑 *blood vessel 血管 psychological adj.心理的，精神的 far-reaching adj.影响深远的 energise vt.使充满活力；使增强决心 immune adj.有免疫力的 infection n.感染；传染 21 *incorporate vt.把……并入；包含 *blush vi.脸红 accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地 comedian n.喜剧演员 encounter vt.遇到 purely adv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 universal adj.广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 　universal language通用语言 22 episode n.一集 steak n.牛排 screenwriter n.影视剧本作家，编剧 *clumsy adj.笨拙的，不灵活的 creation n.创造物，作品 boarding school 寄宿学校 attain vt.得到，获得 　attain one’s goal(s)实现某人的目标 　attain success 获得成功 23 electrical engineering电力(电气)工程学 *stutter n.结巴，口吃 producer n.制作人，制片人 unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的 *agent n.代理人 loosely adv.不严谨地 log n.大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录 idiom n.成语 politician n.政治家 核心短语与词块 1.at sb.’s expense 嘲笑某人 2.rely on 依赖；信赖 3.for sale 待售 4.save sb.from doing sth.免去某人做……的麻烦 5.wake up 醒来；活跃起来 6.on the contrary 正相反 7.feel down 感到沮丧；情绪消沉 8.with concern 关切地；担心地 9.busy oneself doing sth.忙于做某事 10.let alone 更不用说 11.pretend to fall down 假装跌倒 12.swing gently 轻轻摇动 13.dress casually 穿着随意 14.promote appetite增进食欲 15.social atmosphere 社会氛围 16.forecast/predict the future预测未来 17.deserve a medal 应得奖牌 18.muscle tension肌肉紧张 19.an optimistic mood乐观的情绪 20.whisper to one’s neighbor向邻座人耳语 21.blush deeply 脸涨得通红 22.encounter problems with personal safety遇到个人安全问题 重点句式表达 1.be doing...when...正在做……这时…… [教材原句]　A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。 2.I wonder if...我想知道……是否…… [教材原句]　Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer. 嘿，200美元的话能不能把那个旧碟子也送给我。 3.as if引导方式状语从句 [教材原句]　After a moment，he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised，as if he did not know it was there. 过了一会儿，他再看那信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 一、核心词汇 1. ____________ vi.& vt.假装，装作 2. ____________ vt.增强；改进；提高 3. ____________ adj.头晕目眩的 4. ____________ vi.突然倒下 5. ____________ vi.& n.打喷嚏 6. ____________ n.危难时刻；危机 pretend enhance dizzy collapse sneeze crisis 7. ____________ n.紧张；焦虑；焦急 8. ____________ adj.身体的，肉体的 9. ____________ n.心情，情绪 10. ____________ vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 11. ____________ n.名誉，名望 12. ____________ vt.遇到 13. ____________ adj.广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 14. ____________ adj.笨拙的，不灵活的 tension physical mood whisper reputation encounter universal clumsy 31 15. ____________ n.正相反，恰恰相反 16. ____________ adj.学术的 17. ____________ vt.得到，获得 18. ____________ vt.获得，得到 19. ____________ vt.要求 20. ____________ vi.& vt.批评，指责 contrary academic attain obtain demand criticise 32 二、拓展词汇 1.interact vi.交往；交流；相互作用→____________ n.交流；互动；相互作用→____________ adj.互动的，交互的；合作的 2.significant adj.重要的，重大的；显著的→____________ n.重要性→____________ adv.重大地 3.embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→____________ vt.使人难堪，令人尴尬→_______________ adj.令人难堪的，令人尴尬的→________________ n.尴尬，窘迫 interaction interactive significance significantly embarrass embarrassing embarrassment 33 4.confused adj.困惑的→____________ vt.使困惑→____________ adj.令人困惑的→____________ n.混乱；困惑 5.potential n.潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的→____________ adv.可能地，潜在地 6.examine vt.检查→____________ n.检查→____________ n.主考人，考官 7.announce vt.宣布，宣告→_______________ n.宣布，宣告→____________ n.广播员 confuse confusing confusion potentially examination examiner announcement announcer 34 8.deserve vt.应得，应受到→____________ adj.值得的；应得的 9.psychological adj.心理的，精神的→____________ n.心理学→____________ n.心理学家 10.amuse vt.使开心；逗笑→____________ adj.好笑的，有趣的→____________ adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的→____________ n.愉悦；娱乐；娱乐活动 11.astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→____________ vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→____________ adj.令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的→______________ n.吃惊，惊讶 deserving psychology psychologist amusing amused amusement astonish astonishing astonishment 35 12.creation n.创造物，作品→_________ vt.创造→____________ adj.创造(性)的；创作的；有创造力的→____________ n.创造力；创造性→____________ n.生物 13.talent n.天资，天赋；才能→____________ adj.有天赋的；有才干的 14.politician n.政治家→____________ n.政治；权术→____________ adj.政治的；政府的 15.bath n.浴室vi.洗澡→__________ vt.(使)沐浴；用水洗 vi.洗澡 create creative creativity creature talented politics political bathe Ⅱ.默写核心词块 1. ______________ 嘲笑某人  2. ____________ 依赖；信赖  3. ____________ 待售  4. _____________________ 免去某人做某事的麻烦  5. ____________________ 尝试/企图做  6. ____________ 感到沮丧；情绪消沉  7. ____________ 关切地；担心地  8. ____________________ 忙于做某事  9. ________________ 正相反  10. ____________ 更不用说  at sb.’s expense rely on for sale save sb. from doing sth. make an attempt to do feel down with concern busy oneself doing sth. on the contrary let alone Ⅲ.完成课文佳句 1.When he looks at the menu，________________________________ ____________.  当他看菜单时，他的脸上立刻露出惊讶的表情。 2.Rowan had a very successful academic career.At the age of 13，____________________________________________.  罗文的学术生涯非常成功。13岁时，他获得了一所寄宿学校的奖学金。 an astonished look quickly appears on his face he was awarded a scholarship to a boarding school 3.One afternoon，hundreds of unlucky passengers，_________________ ________________________________________，were told it had been cancelled.  一天下午，数百名原本打算登机前往纽约的倒霉乘客被告知航班已被取消。 4.Both his father and mother were successful actors and singers，so ___________________________________________.  他的父母都是成功的演员和歌手，所以他很自然地追随他们的脚步。 who had been expecting to board a flight to New York it was natural for him to follow in their footsteps 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.Study without thinking leads to ____________ (confuse)； thinking without study ends in puzzlement. 2.When I am faced with difficulties in learning，I won’t pretend ________________ (know) it，but turn to my classmates or teachers.  3.She showed special concern for the college students and attached much significance to ____________ (educate) them. confusion to have known educating 4.When I adapt something，I translate from one meaning to another as ____________ (faith) as I can. 5.A traveller without ____________ (observe) is a bird without wings. 6.The new employee has a good sense of ____________ and always relates to things ____________.(humor) 7.It made me so ____________ that I was caught eating snacks in the English class.I have still remembered the _____________ moment until now.(embarrass) 8.The ____________ worked hard together day and night and eventually came to a ____________ conclusion.(science) faithfully observation humor humorously embarrassed embarrassing scientists scientific Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1.Seeing her husband holding a bunch of flowers，she froze，her mouth dropping open _______________ (惊讶地).  2.When ____________ (感到情绪低落) or lost，you can read this inspiring book to cheer yourself up.  3.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself，____________ (更不用说) an industry.  4.The team ___________________ (试图) climb the mountain，but it was a pity that they didn’t make it.  in astonishment feeling down let alone made an attempt to 5.Sleepy-eyed mother ______________________________________ (看到这顿特别的早餐很吃惊).She was________________________ ___________________ (对双胞胎为她所做的一切感到非常惊讶) that she simply sat on the bed，with tears of joy streaming down her cheeks.  was astonished to see the special breakfast so astonished at/by what her twins did for her 43 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1.他英语说得很好，好像在英国居住了很多年似的。 He spoke English perfectly as if _________________________________.  2.医生们正在治疗这个病人，这时灯全部灭了。 The doctors __________________________ all the lights went out.  3.我想知道您能不能给我提供更多关于如何申请参加艺术节的信息。 ____________ you could also give me more information about how to apply to be part of this festival.  he had lived in England for many years were treating the patient when I wonder if 44 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 精读真题提素养 课时作业 45 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 pretend 1.pretend vi.& vt.假装，装作 ①(人教必修一)A soccer player shouldn’t pretend ____________ (fall) down even if it helps his team.  ②To ease my embarrassment，I pretended ________________ (read) when my mother entered.  ③我们在街上相遇时，她装作不认识我，这使我很伤心。 She _____________________________________________________ when we met in the street，which made me upset.  to fall to be reading pretended (that) she didn’t know me/pretended not to know me [名师指津]　pretend后接动词不定式时，一定要注意动词不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般时、进行时或完成时。有类似用法的动词还有happen (碰巧)，appear，seem，claim等。 (1)It is significant that...很明显…… It is significant to do sth.做某事是重要的。 be significant for对……是重要的 (2)be of significance to...对……有重要意义 attach significance to...认为……重要 2.significant adj.重要的，重大的(vital，important，essential) →____________ n.意思；重要性，意义 significance ①(2024·浙江1月卷)In the past few years，online learning has become a ____________ (significance) part of the university and college experience. ②_________ is significant that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. ③我坚信我们越是意识到这句名言的重要性，我们在日常学习中就会获益越多。(发言稿) I firmly believe that_________________________________________ ______________，the more benefits we will get in our daily study.  significant It the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying [名师指津]　常见的“be＋of＋抽象名词” 的短语还有be of help，be of value，be of importance等。 (1)be/get confused about对……感到困惑 (2)confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆 (3)in confusion困惑(地) 3.confused adj.困惑的 (puzzled)→____________ vt.使迷惑；使糊涂；混淆→____________ adj.难以理解的；不清楚的 →____________ n.混乱局面，乱成一团；混淆 confuse confusing confusion ①Judging from his ____________ expression，he didn’t understand the ____________ problem referring to teenagers’ mental health. (confuse) ②He looked at me ____________ (困惑地) and did not answer the question.  ③让我尴尬的是，我把“scream”和“cream”混淆了，这引起了一阵笑声。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ confused confusing in confusion To my embarrassment，I confused “scream” with “cream”，which set off a burst of laughter. deserve to do sth.应该做……；值得做…… deserve to be done/deserve doing值得被做 deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意 4.deserve vt.应得，应受到 ①The story once again tells us that one good turn ____________ (deserve) another. ②He deserved ____________ (win) in the Olympic Games because he had made enough preparations for the game.  ③随着许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前的形势值得注意。 →With many wild animals gradually dying out，the present situation _________________.(deserve＋n.)  →With many wild animals gradually dying out，the present situation _________________________.(deserve doing)  →With many wild animals gradually dying out，the present situation _____________________________.(deserve to be done)  deserves to win deserves attention deserves paying attention to deserves to be paid attention to [特别提醒]　当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接不定式的被动形式。need，want，require作“需要”讲时，也有类似用法。 (1)announce sth.to sb.(=announce to sb.sth.)向某人宣布…… It is announced that...据称；据宣布…… (2)make an announcement下通知；宣布 5.announce vt.宣布，宣告(declare，pronounce)→______________ n.公告；宣布，宣告；通告→____________ n.广播员，播音员 announcement announcer ①The headmaster of the school announced ____________ the students the list of students who got a scholarship. ②Our school English broadcast station is looking for an ____________ (announce) who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English. ③请注意!我要向你们宣布。据称，世界青少年机器人大赛将于7月7日至15日在天津举行。 Attention，please!I _____________________ to you.______________ ________ the World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held from July 7 to 15 in Tianjin.  to announcer make an announcement It is announced that (1)amuse oneself自娱自乐 It amuses sb.to do sth.做某事使某人发笑 (2)be amused at/by...对……感到好笑 (3)to one’s amusement令某人发笑的是 6.amuse vt.使开心；逗笑 (entertain)→____________ adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的→____________ adj.有乐趣的；好笑的；逗人笑的→____________ n.娱乐活动；可笑；娱乐；愉悦 amused amusing amusement ①It amused me ____________ (think) back to my life in London.  ②____________ our amusement，they had a quarrel about such a small thing. ③The audience was ____________ by the ____________ performance in the ____________ park.(amuse) to think To amused amusing amusement (1)It astonishes sb.that...令某人惊讶的是…… (2)be astonished at/by sth.对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶 (3)to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是 in astonishment吃惊地 7.astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 (surprised，amazed，shocked) →____________ vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→____________ adj.使人大为惊奇的；令人十分惊讶的→_____________ n.惊异；惊讶 astonish astonishing astonishment ①(人教选必二)Standing in the distance，they were astonished ____________ (see) misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake.  ②(2023·浙江1月卷)And that’s why，however ____________ (astonish) Project Debater may seem，the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. to see astonishing ③____________ my astonishment，the old horse my father rode knew the way home. →_________________________________________________________________(it作形式主语)  →_______________________________________________________________________(what引导主语从句)  To It astonished me that the old horse my father rode knew the way home. What astonished me was that the old horse my father rode knew the way home. rely on信赖；依靠；依赖 rely on sb.to do sth./rely on sb. doing sth.依靠某人做某事 rely on it that...相信……；指望…… 8.rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖→____________ adj.可依靠的；可信赖的→____________ adj.不可靠的；不可信的→____________ n.依靠；依赖 reliable unreliable reliance ①Many people now would rely on ____________ (surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news. ②He always does as he says so we all think he is a ___________ (rely) man.If you make friends with him，you can rely on ____________ that he will help you whenever you are in trouble. ③你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。 __________________________________________________ surfing reliable it You can rely on me to keep/my keeping your secret.  [教材原句]　After a moment，he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised，as if he did not know it was there. 过了一会儿，他再看那信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。 9.as if引导方式状语从句 (1)as if/though引导方式状语从句。若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则用陈述语气；若从句描述的是非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。 (2)从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气的三种情况： as if (3)as if/though还可用在seem，look等系动词之后引导表语从句。 ①The teacher just stared at me as if he ____________ (know) everything about the incident.  ②Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they ___________ (be) spaghetti.Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it ____________ (be) the finest steak. ③(2023·浙江1月卷)Content and joyful，she flew about two meters above the ground，turning her head from side to side_______________ _________________ (好像向我表达……感激之情) saving her life to me again.  had known were were as if expressing her gratitude for [特别提醒]　如果as if引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中有be的某种形式，则省略“从句主语＋be”。 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.Mountain climbing is becoming a popular sport，but it is also a ____________ (potential) dangerous one. 2.Whenever I encounter some unfortunate events，I will rely on my ____________ (faith) and ____________ (rely) friend. 3.These collections are ____________ little significance，indicating that they are worthless. 4.The man with a strong northern accent ____________(accidental) found a bunch of keys on the road. potentially faithful reliable of accidentally 5.We mustn’t develop the economy ____________ the expense of destroying nature and we must have a role in nature conservation. 6.He whispered ____________ me，“It’s high time for us to set out to concentrate on the project.” 7.(2023·北京卷)As a ____________ (psychology) once joked，if aliens (外星人) wanted to weaken humanity，they wouldn’t send ships；they would invent climate change. 8.(2023·全国甲卷)Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies，which would ________ (loose) legal protections and allow them to be hunted. at to psychologist loosen 9.Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and ___________ (create) ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 10.I simply stood there dumbfounded，and my feet，as if __________ (root) to the ground，couldn’t move a bit. creative rooted Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.她心里满是内疚。由于觉得自己不配获奖，她有生以来第一次睡不着觉。(情感描写) A sense of guilt rose inside her. _____________________________，she had a sleepless night for the first time in her life.  Feeling she didn’t deserve the prize 2.我妈妈被如此有趣的情景逗乐了，她愉快地开玩笑道：“不要在大南瓜里耗尽了氧气。”但是她的话并没有逗乐我，相反，我的鼻子都快气歪了。 My mom __________________________________，joking________ ___________，“Don’t use up all your oxygen in the huge pumpkin.” But I ________________________________ and on the contrary，my nose was almost crooked.  was amused by/at such an amusing scene in/with amusement didn’t amuse myself with her words 3.树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她吓得瘫倒在地，疯狂地尖叫起来。 It was dark in the woods and it seemed__________________________ ________________.So terrified was she that she collapsed and screamed like crazy.  4.我最尊敬我的叔叔，因为每当我处于困境中时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。(人物介绍) →I respect my uncle most because I can_________________________ __________________ whenever I am in trouble.(rely on sb.to do sth.)  →I respect my uncle most because I can_________________________ ________________________ whenever I am in trouble.(rely on it that...)  as if there were a fierce beast behind every bush rely on him to offer me some practical suggestions rely on it that he can offer me some practical suggestions 5.He was ____________ (embarrass) at being the centre of attention. →___________________________ he was the centre of attention.(what引导主语从句)  →______________________ he was the centre of attention.(that引导主语从句)  →____________________，he was the centre of attention. (embarrassment)  embarrassed What embarrassed him was that It embarrassed him that To his embarrassment Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.(2024·全国甲卷)Like in typical families，where boys were favored much more than girls，my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. 　____________ A.偏袒，特别照顾 B.长得像 C.有利于 A 2.Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures.__________ A.(突然)倒塌，坍塌 B.突然失败 C.贬值；暴跌 C 3.(2023·北京卷)For better or worse，ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. 　____________ A.n.真实的写照 B.vt.反映 C.vt.映出 B 4.It was reported that before he died he had consumed a large quantity of alcohol. 　____________ A.喝 B.烧毁 C.充满 A 5.He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite for excitement and amusement. 　____________ A.欲望 B.胃口 C.爱好 A 6.log A.n.原木　 B.n.日志　 C.v.(正式)记录　 D.v.采伐(森林的)树木 (1)They log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here. 　____________ (2)With winter approaching，the hunter chopped piles of logs for firewood. ________ (3)The family made an official complaint to a ship’s officer，which was recorded in the log. 　____________ (4)We’ll log another section of the forest today. 　____________ C A B D 培优2　单元话题写作——师生情谊 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　The students were having an English class ①_________________ ________________________ (这时突然下起了倾盆大雨).Many students were trapped in the water after school，②________________ ____________ (这让他们焦虑不安；make复合结构).Some of them felt ③_________________________ (好像到了世界末日；as if ).At the same time，teachers and the headmaster stood in the deep water to when it suddenly began to rain cats and dogs which made them very anxious as if the world were at an end accompany them and ④________________________ (关切地看着他们).Not only did the action ⑤___________________________ (展现 了他们对学生的关心)，but also it encouraged students to face difficulties with courage.Afterwards，the students ⑥_______________ ____________ (试图依靠) themselves to walk out of the deep water. Finally，the students crossed the deep water safely，and they were ⑦________________________________________________________ (非常感动，向老师表达了衷心的感谢；so...that句型).  looked at them with concern show their concern for students made an attempt to rely on so moved that they expressed their heartfelt gratitude to their teachers 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　anxiety；terrified；embarrassed；confused；casually；innocently；faithful；tension；mood；astonished；convinced；unfortunate；loosely [动作描写]　pretend；enhance；swing；collapse；consume；bleed；sneeze；scream；examine；announce；deserve；energise；whisper；blush；encounter；amuse；rely on；chew；attain；obtain；demand；criticise；bath 美句 1.After a good dinner and a bottle of wine，they retired for the night，and went to sleep.(动作描写) 2.He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor’s surgery. (夸张修辞) 3.The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing badly；and a baby was screaming.(动作描写＋排比) 4.After being seated at his table，Mr.Bean takes out a card，writes a few words on it，puts it in an envelope and places it on the table.(动作描写) 5.He takes all the money out of his wallet，counts it and puts it in a saucer.(动作描写) 　　心情愉快地穿过门口，我很惊讶遇到了一个和我穿着同样衣服的人。我挥着胳膊向他打招呼，我很困惑他也以同样的方式向我打招呼。 Step 2　语料运用 　　①__________________________________ _______，I ②____________________________ __________ who was dressed in the same clothes as me.I ③______________ to greet him，and I ④____________ that he also greeted me in the same way. Walking through the doorway in a good mood was astonished to encounter a person swung my arm felt confused 突然，我听到一个女孩在对她的朋友耳语：“他为什么要对着镜子打招呼呢?”听到这，我尴尬地脸红了，笨拙地走到一 边。然而，我撞到了一个花瓶，花瓶倒了，女孩吓得发出一声尖叫。我是如此尴尬，我结结巴巴地说道：“近视是多么令人尴尬啊!” Suddenly，I heard a girl ⑤______________ ____________，“Why ⑥______________ _______?” Hearing this，I ⑦_________ __________________ and walked aside ⑧____________.However，I knocked into a vase，which ⑨____________ and the girl was ⑩_________________________.I was ⑪___________________________， “⑫_________________________ to be near-sighted!”  whispering to her friend did he greet the mirror blushed with embarrassment clumsily collapsed terrified to let out a scream so embarrassed that I stuttered How embarrassing it was 【情感细节描写：尴尬与羞愧】 语料积累 单词 awkward adj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的→awkwardness n.尴尬；难堪 embarrassment n.尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人窘迫的→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的 ashamed adj.感到羞愧，感到羞耻→shame n.羞愧，羞耻 词块 burn/blush/flush with embarrassment/shame因尴尬/羞愧而脸上发烫/发红 blood rushes to one’s face 脸通红 in an embarrassed voice/tone用一种尴尬的声音/语气 hear the embarrassment in one’s voice 听到某人声音中的尴尬 give an embarrassed cough尴尬地咳了一声 hang/drop/lower/bow one’s head in shame/embarrassment 羞愧/尴尬地低头 an awkward/embarrassed silence/moment/pause尴尬的沉默/一瞬/停顿 句型 So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears.(倒装句) 她感到非常羞愧，几乎要哭了。 Feeling terribly embarrassed，she could even feel the blood rushing to her face.(现在分词短语作状语) 她感到非常尴尬，甚至能感觉到血液涌到脸上。 She felt ashamed of her foolish behavior，with her face burning with shame.(with复合结构) 她为自己的愚蠢行为感到羞愧，脸都羞愧得发烫。 All the air seemed to disappear and she felt as if the whole world were watching her.(夸张句) 所有的空气似乎都消失了，她觉得仿佛整个世界都在看着她。 He lowered his head，hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment.(现在分词短语作状语) 他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如何掩饰内心的尴尬。 精读真题提素养 精读真题提素养/在语篇集训中拓展单元主题 　　•阅读理解(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·D) 　　Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test，such as character，motivation，confidence，mental stability，optimism and “people skills” . Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities，but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.  We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients，while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support，the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers，educators and others interested in promoting social well-being.The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life. 　　Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable，we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives.Emotional intelligence，with its focus on both head and heart，may serve to point us in the right direction.  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了什么是情商以及情商普及的优势，并表达了作者自己的观点，同时提出了对情商研究的未来期望。 32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence? A.It can be measured by an IQ test. B.It helps to exercise a person’s mind. C.It includes a set of emotional skills. D.It refers to a person’s positive qualities. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的a common misunderstanding 可定位到第一段。根据第一段中的“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test，such as character，motivation，confidence，mental stability，optimism and ‘people skills’ .”可知，许多人误把情商理解为一个人的性格中无法被智商测试所衡量的几乎可取的一切，也就是指一个人的积极的品质。故选D。 33.Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2? A.To explain a rule. B.To clarify a concept. C.To present a fact. D.To make a prediction. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。第二段首句“We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.”介绍了情商的概念。由此可推断，提到的“医生”和“骗子”是对这一概念的解释。故选B。 34.What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence? A.Favorable.　　　　　 B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear. 答案：A 解析：观点态度题。根据题干中的the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence 可定位到第三段。根据第三段的首句可知，作者认为情商普及利大于弊。又根据下文中的“The most positive aspect of this popularization”和“The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped...”可知，作者对于情商普及是赞成的。故选A。 35.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A.Its appeal to the public. B.Expectations for future studies. C.Its practical application. D.Scientists with new perspectives. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的首句可知，虽然情商的持续流行吸引力是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能引起人们对情感的科学和学术研究的更大的兴趣。又根据下文的“It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives.”可知，我们希望在未来的数十年后，科学的进步提供新的视角来研究人们如何管理他们的生活。由此可知，这些是对未来研究的期望。故选B。 【词汇识记】 1.makeup n.化妆品；组成；构成；性格，气质 2.optimism n.乐观(主义) 3.potential adj.潜在的；可能的 n.潜力；潜质；潜在性 4.moral adj.品行端正的，道德(上)的 5.overall adj.总体的 6.functionality n.功能(性) 7.adaptively adv.适应地 8.scholarly adj.学术的 9.regarding prep.关于；至于 10.reasonably adv.合理地；公平合理地；适度地 11.desirable adj.理想的；值得做的 12.contribute to 是……的原因之一，促成 13.describe...as 把……描述成/称为 14.in some cases在某些情况下；有时候 15.popular adj.流行的，通俗的，受欢迎的，普及的→popularity n.流行，普及→popularize v.普及；使通俗化→popularization n.宣传，推广，普及 16.accurate adj.正确的；精确的；准确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地→accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确 17.stable adj.稳定的；稳固的 n.马厩→stability n.稳定(性)；稳固(性) 18.intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的→intelligence n.智能；智慧 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable，we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. ____________ 激发，引起 【难句分析】 1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test，such as character，motivation，confidence，mental stability，optimism and “people skills”. [译文选择] A.现在，很多人将情商误解为人的构成中无法通过智商测试衡量出的所有理想化品质，诸如性格、动机、自信、心理稳定性、乐观和人际交往能力。 B.现在，很多人将情商误解为通过智商测试衡量出的人的构成中所有理想化品质，诸如性格、动机、自信、心理稳定性、乐观和人际交往能力。(A) [结构分析] 本句是一个复合句。主干谓语为misunderstand...as...“把……误解为……”。句中that引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语，修饰先行词everything；desirable in a person’s makeup作后置定语修饰everything。 2.It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives. [译文选择] A.我们希望在未来的几十年里，人们将从新的视觉研究科学的进步，从而研究人们如何管理自己的生活。 B.我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角。(B) [结构分析] 本句是一个复合句。主干为句型It is our hope that...，that引导了一个主语从句，it是形式主语；in coming decades在从句中作时间状语；from which to study how people manage their lives为定语从句，修饰先行词perspectives。 课时作业 课时作业25 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·云南昆明“三诊一模”)Why do we universally appreciate cartoons? Because they are visual—the humor unfolds right before our eyes.As writers，we have a unique challenge to craft worlds，including humorous ones，using only words. At first glance，writers and cartoonists have vastly different toolboxes and skill sets.But if you look closely，you will notice similar devices，such as simplification，exaggeration (夸张)，and contrast. In many literary forms，decoration enriches a piece.That’s not true for humor writing—humor can get lost with too many details.Adding a bit of shading will give depth to an illustration，yet there’s usually no need to detail every feature.There’s a thin line between plain and funny，and the difference often lies in whether a writer adheres to the universal comedic principle，“less is funnier”.By simplifying complex situations，characters，plots，and reactions，your work becomes more digestible and humorous.  Exaggeration is one of the most straightforward and effective comedic tools.As a humor writer，don’t shy away from every chance to stretch the truth，whether by understatement or overstatement.However，effective humor is truth based.The relationship between exaggeration and realism in humor is like stretching a rubber band (橡皮筋).A little stretching，even repeated stretching，is no problem.However，overstretching the band will cause it to break，as well as the humor and the reader’s trust. Contrasting is the juxtaposition (并列) of elements not usually coupled，a technique that cartoonists use to create humorous mismatches by placing significantly different elements side by side.As writers，we can use juxtaposition to brainstorm new humor angles and create funny mismatches. Humor is at its funniest when it’s visual，and writers can craft more humorous material by employing the same techniques used by cartoonists.By thinking and writing visually，you can show the funny to readers. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写作中运用与卡通创作相似的技巧制造幽默的效果，指出简化、夸张和对比是关键。 1.What do writers and cartoonists have in common in expressing humor?(　　) A.They craft worlds literally. B.They focus closely on details. C.They employ techniques alike. D.They get through to readers easily. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，作家和漫画家在表 达幽默方面的共同之处在于他们使用简化、夸张和对比等相似的技巧。 2.What does the underlined phrase “adheres to” in paragraph 3 probably mean?(　　) A.Breaks.　 B.Follows. C.Revises. D.Challenges. 1 2 3 4 B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“By simplifying complex situations，characters，plots，and reactions，your work becomes more digestible and humorous.”可知，简化可以创造幽默。由此可知，画线短语所在句讲的是，作家要让作品有趣，就需要遵循“越少越有趣”的普遍原则，画线短语adheres to意为“遵守；按照”。 3.What is a way to achieve humour according to the author?(　　) A.Overstating simple situations. B.Shying away from the truth. C.Reducing the number of characters. D.Combining uncoupled elements. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“Contrasting is the juxtaposition of elements not usually coupled，a technique that cartoonists use to create humorous mismatches by placing significantly different elements side by side.”可知，组合不相结合的元素可以创造出幽默。 1 2 3 4 4.Where is the text most probably taken from?(　　) A.A review of modern cartoons. B.An essay on the art of writing. C.An introduction to painting skills. D.A guidebook for passionate readers. 1 2 3 4 B 解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“As writers，we have a unique challenge to craft worlds，including humorous ones，using only words.”和最后一段的内容，以及文中对三种幽默创作方法的介绍可知，文章探讨了写作中运用与卡通创作相似的技巧制造幽默的效果。由此推知，本文很可能出自关于写作艺术的文章。 1 2 3 4 B (2024·广东广州一模)When adult humans meet a baby，many can’t help speaking in a higher-pitched (更高音的)，sing-songy voice.This shift，known as parentese，is not unique to humans—it has also been observed in animals like monkeys and gorillas.Now，scientists are adding one more species to that list：bottlenose dolphins. Dolphins are intelligent animals that live and hunt in groups.They communicate in a unique way：every individual produces its own signature sound that acts much like an ID card，usually by its first birthday.But how does each come up with its distinctive whistle? For babies，it might have something to do with listening to Mum.To solve this mystery，researchers examined the sounds mother dolphins make.  Scientists studied 34 years’ worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottlenose dolphins.When the mother dolphins were near their young，they continued to make their signature sound，but at a higher frequency.They also used a wider range of frequencies than they did when their babies were not nearby. This discovery suggests that using these modifications mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves.Since dolphin babies often spend some years with their mothers before living on their own，it makes sense that this adaptation would help them learn to communicate.At the very least，the higher-pitched whistle likely gets the babies’ attention.“It’s important for a baby to know，‘Oh，Mum’s talking to me now，’” says marine biologist June Mann. This kind of research could help us understand how language developed in humans.“It is absolutely essential to have basic knowledge about other species and how they communicate，” says Mann.“I would be really interested to see whether dolphins also change their sounds when interacting with babies of others，which is what happens in humans.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。 5.What do the underlined words “this mystery ”refer to in paragraph 2?(　　) A.Why dolphins live and play in groups. B.How dolphins develop their unique sounds. C.What aspects of intelligence dolphins possess. D.Whether dolphins can use parentese like humans. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“But how does each come up with its distinctive whistle? For babies，it might have something to do with listening to Mum.To solve”以及下文“researchers examined the sounds mother dolphins make”可知，海豚发出独特的声音与听到海豚妈妈的声音有关，所以为了解“海豚如何发出独特的声音”这个谜团，研究人员检查了海豚妈妈发出的声音。故画线词指的是“海豚如何发出独特的声音”。 5 6 7 8 6.How did the researchers carry out their study of dolphins?(　　) A.By analyzing mother dolphins’ sound features. B.By recording parent-child interaction frequency. C.By measuring the distance between parents and children. D.By examining the speech organs of mother dolphins. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Scientists studied 34 years’ worth of recordings of sounds made by 19 female bottlenose dolphins.”可知，研究人员通过分析母海豚的声音特征对海豚进行研究。 7.What is a suggested reason why dolphin mothers use parentese with their young?(　　) A.To help them learn to talk. B.To teach them hunting skills. C.To express worry and care. D.To distract their attention. 5 6 7 8 A 138 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This discovery suggests that using these modifications mother dolphins assist their young in learning how to produce these calls themselves.”可知，海豚妈妈对幼崽使用父母语的原因是帮助他们学会说话。 5 6 7 8 139 8.What is the purpose of the text?(　　) A.To compare the parentese of humans and dolphins. B.To illustrate the development of dolphin intelligence. C.To share new findings about dolphin communication. D.To highlight the value of studying dolphins’ language. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：写作目的题。根据第一段的内容并结合文章主要说明了海豚妈妈通过教授幼崽使用独特的声音来教会幼崽说话，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义可知，文章的目的是分享海豚交流的新发现。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·河北石家庄质检二)Anytime I travel on my bicycle across the country，I’m always amazed by how kind people can be to strangers. One night，my friends and I were camping in a town in Missouri. There was a severe storm and we were getting 　1　.A complete stranger came by to 　2　 us that there were tornadoes (龙卷风) heading our way.The stranger invited us to his home.We were surprised by his 　3　 for our safety.Later we learned that there had been a lightning strike near the place where we had camped and several cattle had been 　4　.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Fortunately，we spent the night in a nice dry home.We were 　5　 given the opportunity to take a shower.The next morning we had breakfast with the family and 　6　 contact information.In a way we felt like the family had become a part of our journey.This was one of the most heartwarming 　7　 of my life because this family had nothing to 　8　 by being so kind to us.We were 　9　 not the type they would usually 　10　 but they treated us with respect and kindness.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 The kindness of a stranger always 　11　 my faith in humanity. Whatever the person 　12　 always comes with no strings attached and that’s the most 　13　 part.  That family 　14　 us so much that during the rest of the trip，we 　15　 others out every chance we got.We even bought food with our busking (街头卖艺) tips for the homeless.It’s always heartwarming when giving feels as good as receiving.  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在骑行过程中收到的善意，并且也想要将善意回报给这个社会。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 1.A.annoyed　　　　　　 B.impatient C.excited D.nervous 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“One night，my friends and I were camping in a town in Missouri.”可知，本来作者在开心地露营，但一场猛烈的龙卷风很快袭来，打扰了作者的心情，因此作者和朋友们变得越来越心烦。A.annoyed烦恼的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.excited兴奋的；D.nervous紧张不安的。 2.A.warn B.show C.convince D.guarantee 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文“there were tornadoes heading our way”可知，此时情况很紧急，陌生人过来警告作者这一情况。A.warn警告；B.show展示；C.convince说服；D.guarantee保证。 3.A.demand B.concern C.desire D.responsibility 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：上文“The stranger invited us to his home.”提到一位陌生人看到作者可能会遭遇龙卷风的侵袭，邀请作者和作者的朋友去他家躲避，说明这位陌生人对于作者的安全十分关心。A.demand要求；B.concern关心；C.desire渴望；D.responsibility责任。 4.A.drowned B.deserted C.killed D.trapped 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Later we learned that there had been a lightening strike near the place where we had camped”可知，作者露营的地方也被雷击中了，这几头牛有可能是被雷劈死了。drown溺亡；desert舍弃；kill杀害；trap困住。 5.A.even B.merely C.often D.simply 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Fortunately，we spent the night in a nice dry home.”可知，作者和朋友们不仅没有遭受龙卷风的侵袭，还被提供了洗澡的机会，此处表示作者对于能够在干燥温暖的环境里度过并且洗澡这件事情感到非常意外。A.even甚至；B.merely仅仅；C.often经常；D.simply简单地，仅仅。 6.A.submitted B.exchanged C.checked D.updated 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：下文提到“contact information”，说明作者想要和这位帮助了他们的陌生人保持联系，因此需要交换联系方式。A.submitted提交；B.exchanged交换；C.checked检查；D.updated更新。 7.A.experiences B.messages C.traditions D.comments 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“In a way we felt like the family had become a part of our journey.”可知，得到这个家庭的帮助让作者觉得这是他旅程经历中最温暖的一部分。experience经历；message信息；tradition传统；comment评论。 8.A.fear B.order C.gain D.offer 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：上文提到了陌生人把作者和朋友带回自己家避险，让他们平安度过了一夜，但却只是交换了联系方式，并没有向作者他们索取什么，由此判断，陌生人一家也并没有得到什么好处。A.fear害怕；B.order命令；C.gain获得；D.offer给予。 9.A.especially B.officially C.occasionally D.definitely 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据下文“but they treated us with respect and kindness”可知，陌生人在帮助作者的时候，并没有因为作者的外表或其他原因才帮助他们，而是出于善良本身来帮助别人。A.especially尤其；B.officially官方地；C.occasionally偶然地；D.definitely绝对。 10.A.ask about B.complain about C.agree with D.associate with 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“The stranger invited us to his home.”可知，作者和这位陌生人之前从来没有过交集，应该也不会是他们会交往的那种人。A.ask about询问；B.complain about抱怨；C.agree with同意；D.associate with交往。 11.A.reveals B.shakes C.strengthens D.shapes 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文“We even bought food with our busking tips for the homeless.It’s always heartwarming when giving feels as good as receiving.”可知，作者在接受了陌生人给予的善意之后，也愿意将这种善意分享出去，作者相信人性还是好的，因此是增强了作者对于人性的信心。reveal揭示；shake摇晃；strengthen增强；shape塑造。 12.A.states B.wishes C.saves D.gives 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“This was one of the most heartwarming 　7　_of my life because this family had nothing to 　8　_by being so kind to us.”可推断，陌生人在给予作者善意的时候并没有想着有任何回报，没有增加任何附加条件地帮助他们。state陈述；wish希望；祝愿；save节约；give给予。  13.A.impressive B.practical C.satisfactory D.evident 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：上文提到这个陌生人给予的善良让作者觉得非常温暖，而且还是不求回报的，因此感到印象非常深刻。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.practical实际的；C.satisfactory令人满意的；D.evident清楚的。 14.A.funded B.inspired C.owed D.delighted 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文“We even bought food with our busking tips for the homeless.It’s always heartwarming when giving feels as good as receiving.”可知，作者在接受了陌生人给予的善意之后，也愿意将这种善意分享出去，说明陌生人一家的善良真的鼓舞了作者。fund资助；inspire鼓舞；owe亏欠；delight使高兴。 15.A.drove B.sought C.helped D.pointed 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：下文提到作者会给无家可归的人买食物，说明作者也愿意帮助别人。 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：universally adv.一致地；共同地　visual adj.视觉的，视力的 Para.2：vastly adv.非常，很　contrast n.明显的差异，对比，对照 v.对比，对照 Para.3：enrich v.使丰富　principle n.原则，原理 Para.4：straightforward adj.简单的；坦诚的　effective adj.有效的　realism n.现实主义 Para.5：element n.要素，基本原理　significantly adv.有重大意义地，显著地，明显地 A 篇 核心 短语 Para.2：at first glance乍一看 Para.4：shy away from (因缺乏信心、担心或紧张而)回避，避开 熟词 生义 (1)craft (Para.1)常用义：n.工艺，手艺　文章义：v.(尤指用手工)精心制作 例句：All the furniture is crafted from natural materials. 所有的家具均采用天然材料精心制作而成。 (2)employ (Para.6)常用义：v.雇用　文章义：v.运用，应用，使用 例句：The police had to employ force to enter the building.警察不得不强行进入大楼。 A 篇 词缀 变形 Para.1：fold v.折叠→unfold v.打开　humor n.幽默→humorous adj.幽默的 Para.2：cartoon n.卡通(片)；漫画→cartoonist n.漫画家　simplify v.使简化，使简易→simplification n.简化 Para.3：illustrate v.给(书籍、文章等)加插图→illustration n.(书籍、文章等中的)插图，图解　comedy n.喜剧→comedic adj.喜剧的　digest v.消化；理解→digestible adj.易消化的；易理解的 Para.4：statement n.陈述，声明→understatement n.不充分的陈述，轻描淡写→overstatement n.夸大其辞，言过其实 Para.5：match v.般配，相配 n.相配的人(或物)，般配的人(或物)→mismatch n.错配，不匹配，不协调 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.2：signature n.明显特征，识别标志　distinctive adj.独特的 Para.4：modification n.修改，改变 核心 短语 Para.1：can’t help doing情不自禁地做　in a...voice以……声音 Para.4：make sense有道理，讲得通 B 篇 难句 分析 Since dolphin babies often spend some years with their mothers before living on their own，it makes sense that this adaptation would help them learn to communicate.(Para.4) 分析：本句中since引导原因状语从句；在it makes sense that...中it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。 译文：由于海豚宝宝在独自生活之前通常会与母亲相处几年，因此这种适应将帮助他们学会沟通是有道理的。 课时作业26 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2024·江苏南京二模)The social purpose of the copyright system is to encourage creativity and the advancement of knowledge by giving those who make intellectual (智力的) contributions a “unique right to their writings and discoveries” for limited times.Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents.The U.S. Copyright Law of 1976 provides a term or the lifetime of the author plus 50 years.It recognizes that the value of written works often extends over a longer time than that of technological advances in the public area. It is essential to register for formal copyright protection in order to have some degree of protection against the copyright of one’s works by others.The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work.No examination is made，and the copyright is immediately in force. The Copyright Office will provide on request a variety of leaflets (小册子) describing the procedure and giving information about the classes of subject matter that can be registered. Those are subject to protection： (1)Books and newspapers (2)Lectures (3)Dramatic compositions (4)Films (5)Maps (6)Works of ant (7)Sound recordings (8)Photographs (9)Prints and labels (10)Musical compositions Those are not subject to protection： (1)Ideas (2)Systems，methods and plans (3)Government publications (4)Laws and opinions of courts 　　You can contact the Copyright Office (wwcoprightfice.org) for more information. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是版权保护制度。 1.In which aspect do copyrights differ from patents?(　　) A.The application fee. B.The duration of protection. C.The intellectual value. D.The contribution to society. 1 2 3 B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents.”可知，版权和专利的保护期限不同。 2.Which of the following should you provide for copyright registration? (　　) A.Copies of your work. B.Photos of yourself. C.Introductory leaflets. D.Examination certificates. 1 2 3 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work.”可知，你应提供你作品的副本来作版权登记。 3.According to the text，the Copyright Office may reject _____.(　　)  A.a movie about a new method of time travel B.an original musical composition for children C.a book about one’s opinions on American laws D.an official document issued by the local county 1 2 3 D 解析：推理判断题。根据Those are not subject to protection：部分的“Government publications”可知，版权局可能会拒绝当地县政府发布的官方文件。 B (2024·吉林长春三模)It wasn’t until after I graduated from college，and realized that there’s no such thing as all-encompassing (包罗万象) knowledge，that I was able to read for pleasure.A sense of curiosity directed me and I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language.Looking up words felt less like a failing than an admission that there are lots of things I don’t know and an opportunity to discover just how many. I prize my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary，Second Edition.I often consult it，during evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading.When I come across unfamiliar words while reading novels，I look them up.When I start encountering these words elsewhere，the linguistic (语言的) universe seems to shrink to the size of a small town. Dictionaries heighten my senses：They direct my attention into a conversation with language.They make me wonder what other things I’m blind to because I haven’t taught myself to notice them yet.Recently spotted examples include orrery，“a mechanical model，usually clockwork，devised to represent the motion of the moon and the earth (and sometimes also other planets) around the sun.” The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) also tells me that the word comes from the fourth Earl of Orrery，for whom a copy of the first machine was made，around 1700.Useful? Obviously not.Satisfying? Deeply. Wikipedia answers questions with more questions，opening up pages you never asked for.But a dictionary builds on common knowledge，using simple words to explain complex ones.Using one feels as if I’m prying open an oyster (蚝) rather than falling down a rabbit hole.Why leave solvable mysteries up to guesswork?  For me，dictionaries are a door into that kind of uncalculated knowledge-seeking.They remind me that following your curiosity instead of brushing it aside is one of the best ways I know to feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了使用词典给作者带来的好处。 4.What can we know about the author?(　　) A.He merely read for fun before graduation. B.He longed to learn about all knowledge. C.He considered dictionaries chances of enrichment. D.He admitted being a failure when learning languages. 4 5 6 7 C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Looking up words felt less like a failing than an admission that there are lots of things I don’t know and an opportunity to discover just how many.”可知，作者认为字典有丰富知识的机会。 5.Why does the author mention the example of orrery in paragraph 3? (　　) A.To introduce a word. B.To indicate a finding. C.To clarify a concept. D.To support a statement. 5 6 7 4 D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They make me wonder what other things I’m blind to because I haven’t taught myself to notice them yet.Recently spotted examples include orrery，‘a mechanical model，usually clockwork，devised to represent the motion of the moon and the earth (and sometimes also other planets) around the sun.’”可推知，作者在第三段提到orrery的例子是为了支持一项声明。 5 6 7 4 6.What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 refer to?(　　) A.Encountering new problems. B.Entering a different world. C.Acquiring essential common sense. D.Simplifying tough questions. 5 6 7 4 A 解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wikipedia answers questions with more questions，opening up pages you never asked for.But a dictionary builds on common knowledge，using simple words to explain complex ones.”可知，词典可以以简洁的方式解释复杂的问题，而其他网站则以更多的问题来回答你的问题，没有达到解决的目的。由此可知，falling down a rabbit hole 指没有解决问题反而遇到新的问题。 5 6 7 4 7.According to the text，which of the following can best describe dictionaries?(　　) A.Jaw-dropping.　　　　　 B.Eye-opening. C.Mind-numbing. D.Labour-saving. 5 6 7 4 B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可推知，词典丰富了知识，打开了作者的视野。 182 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到挫折后的解决方法。 183 (2024·安徽合肥教学质检一)When something goes wrong，do you tend to bounce back or fall apart? Here are some strategies to help you manage a personal setback (挫折) and get back on track toward achieving your goal. ●Realize it’s normal. Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur. 1(　　) Knowing this，it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises.  A.Don’t take it seriously. B.Analyze what happened. C.You haven’t lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support. D.In other words，it’s not whether a challenge will happen，but it’s when. E.This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. F.Friends or family will voice their concerns，but you still may not be able to accept it. G.You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior. 1.答案：D 解析：根据上文“It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur.”可知，遇见挫折很正常；再根据下文“Knowing this，it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises.”可知，重要的是当挫折出现时如何有效地处理挫折，所以此处应该关注的是挫折何时出现，而非挫折是否会出现。D项(换句话说，它不是挑战是否会发生，而是何时发生的问题)符合语境，其中的“it’s when”呼应下文的“when it arises”。故选D项。 ●Don’t deny it.Sometimes it’s hard to recognize a setback.The problem can be staring you right in the face，but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. 2(　　) This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid. It’s just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It’s important to be receptive to the honest feedback.  A.Don’t take it seriously. B.Analyze what happened. C.You haven’t lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support. D.In other words，it’s not whether a challenge will happen，but it’s when. E.This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. F.Friends or family will voice their concerns，but you still may not be able to accept it. G.You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior. 2.答案：F 解析：根据本段首句“Don’t deny it.”可知，本段主旨是“不应该否定挫折”，再根据上文“Sometimes it’s hard to recognize a setback.”和下文“This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid.”可知，不能承认问题并不代表愚蠢，而是正常的。由此可推知，F项(朋友或家人会表达他们的担忧，但你可能仍然无法接受)符合语境。故选F项。 ●3(　　) Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries，overconfidence，and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback：where you were，who you were with，what you were thinking and feeling.  A.Don’t take it seriously. B.Analyze what happened. C.You haven’t lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support. D.In other words，it’s not whether a challenge will happen，but it’s when. E.This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. F.Friends or family will voice their concerns，but you still may not be able to accept it. G.You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior. 3.答案：B 解析：根据下文“Stop and consider carefully what went wrong.”及“Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback...”可知，本段是关于遇到挫折后的对策：审视自己，考虑原因，多把那些可能引起挫折的因素纳入反思的范围。因此本段以分析挫折成因为主，B项(分析发生了什么)符合语境。故选B项。 ●Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback，and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening the next time.Each time you fine-tune your plan and put it into action again，you actually improve your odds of eventual success. 4(　　) A.Don’t take it seriously. B.Analyze what happened. C.You haven’t lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support. D.In other words，it’s not whether a challenge will happen，but it’s when. E.This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. F.Friends or family will voice their concerns，but you still may not be able to accept it. G.You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior. 4.答案：E 解析：根据本段首句“Learn from it.”可知，本段主要介绍了从挫折中学习，避免下次再犯类似的错误，所以此处总结说从挫折中学习会让你的计划更有效、更合理，以防你重蹈覆辙。E项(这是因为你会从每一次失误中吸取教训，从而使你的计划更加有效)符合语境。故选E项。 Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. 5(　　) After adjusting，you can still make progress toward success again.  A.Don’t take it seriously. B.Analyze what happened. C.You haven’t lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support. D.In other words，it’s not whether a challenge will happen，but it’s when. E.This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. F.Friends or family will voice their concerns，but you still may not be able to accept it. G.You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior. 5.答案：C 解析：根据上文“Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall.”可知，挫折对一个人来说只是一次滑倒，而不是跌落，所以此处应解释原因。C项(你并没有失去所有的知识、技能和支持)符合语境。故选C项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·江西南昌一模)Forget about Military-style Travel during which people tend to visit as many famous spots as possible in the 1.____________ (little) amount of time. A more relaxed alternative，Citywalk，has emerged 2. ____________ a phenomenal hit. least as Unlike Military-style Travel，Citywalk is about wandering around a city on foot and finding unusual things 3.____________ even a local might not have noticed before. Citywalkers get away from hot tourist 4. ____________ (attract) and shopping centers，instead 5. ____________ (leisure) seeking interactions with the natives，authentic snacks，and a deeper appreciation for the history and culture of the city. which/that attractions leisurely Various videos about Citywalk 6.__________________ (post) on Chinese multiple social media platforms in recent months. On a social media platform，a search for “Citywalk” turns up over 600，000 posts and tens of millions of views. Citywalkers have shared their carefully 7. ____________ (plan) routes on social media platforms，generating thousands of followers. Their posts usually include how long the walk is going to take，and interesting places along the way.  have been posted planned Some regions，such as Beijing，have included Citywalk in their plans 8.____________ (promote) cultural tourism and leisure tours. While Citywalk can work as 9. ____________ approach to tourism， this trend sees Gen Z seek pleasure more through connections than consumption and 10. ____________ (imply) a deep cultural curiosity.  to promote an implies 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：contribution n.贡献；促成作用；稿件　patent n.专利权；专利证书 Para.2：essential adj.完全必要的；必不可少的；极其重要的　procedure n.(正常)程序，手续，步骤　application n.申请；请求；申请书；申请表　submit v.提交，呈递(文件、建议等) 核心 短语 Para.1：copyright system 版权制度 Para.2：in force 已生效，在实施中 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.2：consult v.咨询，请教；查阅，查询　encounter v.遭遇，遇到　shrink v.缩小；减少 Para.3：obviously adv.显而易见地，明显地 Para.4：solvable adj.可解决的 核心 短语 Para.1：no such thing (某人或某物等)不存在 Para.2：come across (偶然)遇见，碰见，发现 Para.3：be blind to sth.对某事物缺乏识别能力 Para.5：brush sth.↔aside不理会，漠视 B 篇 熟词 生义 prize (Para.2)常用义：n.奖励　文章义：v.珍视 例句：That’s an era when honesty was prized above all other virtues. 那是一个尊诚实为美德之首的年代。 词缀 变形 Para.1：admit v.(不情愿地)承认→admission n.承认→admissible adj.(尤指法庭)可接受的，受理的 $$