Unit 2 Community Life Language Practice 课件-2025-2026学年中职英语高教版（2023修订版）基础模块3

Unit 2 Community Life Language Practice 随堂演练 语法　定语从句一 考试说明解读 2025年山东省职教英语考试说明要求考生了解非限制性定语从句的用法；掌握由关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that引导的限制性定语从句用法。 一、概念 定语从句是句子的一部分，在句子中起定语作用，修饰名词或代词，有时可修饰句子。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词的后面，由关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which或关系副词when，where，why引导，关系词充当从句的句子成分。只有whose在定语从句中作定语，其他关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。本单元主要讲解由关系代词引导的定语从句。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．关系代词who，whom代替的先行词指人，who在定语从句中作主语或宾语，whom在定语从句中只能作宾语，作宾语时who或whom可以省略。 This is the doctor who saved the boy's life.这就是那位挽救男孩生命的医生。 The man (whom/who) Wang Tao wrote to is a manager. 王涛给他写信的那个男人是位经理。 2．关系代词whose既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 I know a girl whose father is a doctor.我认识其父亲是医生的那位女孩。 This is a house whose windows face the sea.这是一座窗户面向大海的房子。 3．关系代词that代替的先行词指人或物，在定语从句中一般可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 He is the man that telephoned me last night.他就是那位昨晚给我打电话的男子。 This is the place (that) we visited.这就是我们参观过的地方。 4．关系代词which 代替的先行词只能指物，可以在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。 This is an old computer which works much slower.这是一台运转速度较慢的计算机。 This is the building (which) we built.这是一座我们建的大楼。 三、只用that不用which的情况 1．当先行词是all, little, few, much, everything, anything, everything, none, nothing, no one, some等不定代词。 We have done all that should be done.我们已经做了应该做的一切。 I have finished everything that I should do now.我已经完成了现在我应当做的一切。 2．先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, one of, the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。 I have read all the books that you gave me.我已经读完了你给我的所有书。 She is the only person that I want to talk to.她是我唯一想交谈的人。 3．先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。 This is the biggest laboratory that we have ever built in our school. 这是我们在学校建造的最大的实验室。 He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。 4．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that。 They talked about the things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论了他们记起的学校里的人和事。 5．当主句是以who，which 开头的疑问句时，关系代词只用that。 Which is the book that he bought from the bookstore yesterday? 他昨天从书店里买的是哪本书？ Who is the girl that is standing under the tree？站在树下的女孩是谁？ 四、“介词＋关系代词”结构的应用 “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词用which(指物)、whom(指人)。 The person to whom you should write is Mr. Black.你应该写信的人是布莱克先生。 I I'll never forget the day on which I first met him. 我永远不会忘记第一次见到他的那一天。 [学以致用] 1．—Do you know the man ________ is wearing a black coat? —Yes, he is my uncle. A．who B．what C．which D．it 2．If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can't be achieved. A．that B．who C．whose D．whom 3．The game ________ they like most is Australian football. A．that B．who C．whom D．what 4．—Do you know the boy with ________ Ms. Green is talking? —Oh, that's Peter. He's going to make a speech at our graduation party. A．that B．what C．whom D．who 5．He is the man ________ money was stolen yesterday. A．that B．whose C．which D．whom 6．Can I have a look at the book ________ you bought yesterday? A．when B．where C．which D．who 答案：1.A　2.A　3.A　4.C　5.B　6.C [高考链接] 1．(2025年山东春季高考)—What's your plan for Mother's Day? —We'll have a family party ________ theme is “Thank you.Mum.” A．who B．which C．where D．whose D　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：——你母亲节有什么计划？——我们将举办一个家庭聚会，其主题是“谢谢你，妈妈”。 ”whose”引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰“theme”，表示“聚会的”主题。 2．(2023 山东春季高考)Sarah admired the skill with ________ her co-worker packed books and big notebooks. A．who B．that C．which D．whom C　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：萨拉钦佩她的同事包装书籍和大笔记本的技巧。修饰先行词skill，指物，引导词是“介词＋关系代词”结构时，关系代词只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)。故选C。 3．(2022 山东春季高考)Do you know the girl to ________ he is talking? A．whom B．which C．who D．that A　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：你认识正在和他说话的那个女孩吗？先行词是the girl，指人，引导词是“介词＋关系代词”结构时，关系代词只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)。故选A。 4．(2022 山东春季高考)I wanted a job ________ was close to my home. which/that　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：我想找个离家近的工作。在定语从句中，先行词job，指物，并且关系代词在句中作主语，故空白处填which/that。 5．(2020年山东春季高考) —What kind of house are you looking for? — I'm looking for a one­bedroom apartment ________windows faces south. A．which B．who C．whose D．that C　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：—你在找什么样的房子？ —我正在寻找一个只有一卧室的公寓，窗户朝南。先行词是apartment，定语从句中缺少定语成分，四个选项中能作定语的只有whose，所以关系代词只能用whose。故选C。 一、用适当的关系代词填空 1．The man to ________ Wang Tao wrote on the Internet is the personnel manager. 2．I know the man ________ daughter won the first prize in the competition. 3．I like the movie ________ you recommended to me. 4．They talked about the things and persons ________ they remember in the school. 5．There is nothing in the world ________ can frighten him. 6．We visited a factory ________ makes toys for children. 答案：1.whom　2.whose　3.which/that　4.that 5.that　6.which/ that 二、英语知识运用 1．—Who is the man ________ was talking to our English teacher? —Oh! It's Mr.Baker，our maths teacher. A．he B．that C．whom D．which B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：——正在和我们的英语老师说话的那个人是谁？——哦！那是贝克先生，我们的数学老师。句子的先行词是the man，且主句是以who开头，所以that引导，在定语从句中作主语。 2．I hate the people ________ don't help others when they are in trouble. A．who B．which C．they D．where A　解析：考查定语从句。句意：我讨厌那些在遇到麻烦时不帮助别人的人。句子的先行词是the people，所以用who引导，且who在定语从句中作主语。 3．This is the place ________ I have ever visited. A．there B．when C．where D．which D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：这是我曾经去过的地方。本句先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中作visit的宾语，所以选D。 4．I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in Canada years ago. A．what B．who C．that D．which C　解析：考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得多年前在加拿大拜访的大学和老师。句中的先行词是“the college and the teachers”，既有物又有人，所以关系代词只能用that，故选C。 5．She says she will never forget the days ________ she spent with us. A．who B．which C．when D．what B　解析：考查定语从句。句意：她说她永远不会忘记她和我们一起度过的日子。先行词the days为下文的宾语，限定性定语从句中指物的引导词只能使用that或者which，故选B。 6．People ________ overweight need more water than thin people. A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are D　解析：考查定语从句。句意：超重的人需要的水比瘦的人多。定语从句的先行词是people，且关系词在从句中作主语，当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定从的谓语的人称和数与先行词保持一致。故答案为D项。 7．—Do you know the boy ________ spoken English is excellent? —Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which B　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：——你认识那个口语很好的男孩吗？——哦，他是王伟，我们的班长。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是the boy，关系词在从句中作定语，用whose引导定语从句。故选B。 8．—Do you know the kid with ________ Bob is talking over there? —Yes, it's my cousin. A．who B．that C．which D．whom D　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：——你认识鲍勃在那边谈话的那个孩子吗？——认识，是我的表弟。分析句子可知，“with... there”是定语从句，修饰先行词the kid，引导词是“介词with＋关系代词”的结构，关系代词只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)。故选D。 9．The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A．which B．what C．whose D．that C　解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：书桌上的书是给我们的奖品，它们的封面闪闪发光。先行词是the books，与covers是所属关系，即是“书的封面”，说明所填关系代词在从句中充当定语，用来修饰covers。故选C。 10．—How beautiful the paper cutting is! Who made it? —It must be Linda, because she's the only one ________ can make it in our class. A．which B．that C．whose D．whom B　解析：B考查定语从句。句意：——剪纸多漂亮啊！谁做的？——一定是琳达，因为她是我们班上唯一能制作剪纸的人。分析句式结构可知先行词为one，指代人，结合选项可知用that。故选B。 三、短文填空 How do you get along with your neighbors? My dad 1.________(recent) gave me a lesson on how to solve the 2.________(problem).The man 3.________ lives in the unit below us often has a 4.________(visit) who smokes on the balcony (阳台).The neighbor closes his balcony doors to 5.________(keep) the smoke out of his unit but the smoke comes up into our unit.We hate that. But what should we do? Dad advised 6.________ (communicate) with neighbors frankly.So he told our neighbors that we were 7.________(worry) about the smoke.Our neighbor said sorry to us.He said he hadn't 8.________(realize) the smoke was coming into our unit and he said he didn't like smoke in his unit, either. He didn't allow 9.________ (he) friend to smoke anywhere near our building.Dad was so happy.He says considering others' 10.________(feel) is important wherever you live. 答案：1.recently　2.problems　3.who/that 4．visitor　5.keep　6.communicating　7.worried　8.realized　9.his　10.feelings $$