内容正文:
Unit 2 What Happened to Your Neck?
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
“What happened to...?” 句型的运用 高频易错点01
“What happened to...?” 用于询问过去某人或某物发生了什么意外或状况
· 结构为:What happened to + 人 / 物?(主语)
· 答句通常描述过去发生的具体事件,结构为:
主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.(如:身体部位受伤、具体动作等)
例如:What happened to Mike? 迈克怎么了?
He hurt his neck. 他伤了脖子。
What happened to Yangyang? 阳阳怎么了?
He hurt his right leg in a football match. 他在足球比赛中伤了右腿。
易错点提示
(1) “happened” 是 happen 的过去式,该句型本身已体现过去时,后面不加助动词 did,避免错误表达:“What did happen to him?”。
(2) 答句需用动词过去式,注意不规则动词的过去式,如 “hurt” 的过去式仍为 “hurt”(易误写为 “hurtted”)。
(3) 表示 “伤了身体部位” 时,常用 “hurt + 身体部位”,如 “hurt my arm/leg/neck”。
小练笔
用所给提示完成对话或填空。
1.—What ______ (happen) to your brother yesterday?
—He ______ (fall) off his bike and ______ (hurt) his left knee.
2.—What happened to the little piggy?
—He ______ (have) a stomachache because he ______ (eat) too much.
3.改写句子:Yangyang hurt his right leg in a football match.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ Yangyang?
点
拨
1.happened;fell;hurt
解析:yesterday 表示过去时间,happen 的过去式为 happened;fall 的过去式为 fell;hurt 的过去式仍为 hurt。
2.had;ate
解析:问句用过去时,答句也需用过去式,have 的过去式为 had,eat 的过去式为 ate。
点
拨
3.What happened to
解析:划线部分是 “伤了右腿”,询问 “发生了什么” 用 “What happened to...?” 句型。
why 引导的过去时特殊疑问句及答句高频易错点02
在一般过去时中,“Why...?” 用于询问过去某个动作或事件发生的原因,答句需用 “Because...” 说明具体原因,二者需保持时态一致(均体现过去)。核心结构如下:
问句:Why did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
答句:Because + 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
注意:“why” 为特殊疑问词,“did” 是过去时助动词,后面动词必须用原形。
例如:—Why did you stand on your head? 你为什么倒立?
—Because I wanted to practice kung fu. 因为我想练习功夫。
—Why are you crying, little piggy? 小猪,你为什么哭?
—Because I had a stomachache. 因为我肚子疼了。
易错点提示
(1) 问句中有助动词 “did”,后面的动词必须用原形(如 “stand” 而非 “stood”),避免错误:“Why did you stood...?”。
(2) 答句由 “because” 引导,需用动词过去式体现过去的原因(如 “wanted” 而非 “want”),保持时态一致。
小练笔
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.—Why ______(do)Mike go to the hospital yesterday?
—Because he ______(hurt)his neck.
2.—Why ______(be)Yangyang's mum upset?
—Because Yangyang ______(hurt)himself again.
3.—Why ______(do)the little piggy have a stomachache?
—Because he ______(eat)too much cake and cookies.
点
拨
1.did;hurt
解析:yesterday 表示过去,问句用助动词 did;答句 hurt 的过去式仍为 hurt。
2.was;hurt
解析:问句询问过去的情绪,主语 mum 是单数,用 was;答句 hurt 的过去式为 hurt。
3.did;ate
解析:问句用助动词 did;答句 eat 的过去式为 ate。
一般过去时高频易错点03
一、一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,本单元主要用于描述过去发生的意外事件(如受伤、生病等)、过去的动作原因及过去的对话内容。
二、核心句型与结构
1. 陈述句
(1)肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
· 表示过去发生的动作:
例:Mike stood on his head and hurt his neck.迈克倒立并伤了脖子。
Yangyang played football and hurt his right leg.阳阳踢足球时伤了右腿。
· 表示过去存在的状态:
例:Mike was lucky.迈克很幸运。
Yangyang's mum was worried.阳阳的妈妈很担心。
(2)否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. / 主语 + wasn't/weren't + 其他.
· 动作否定:
例:He didn't break his neck.他没摔断脖子。
The little piggy didn't have supper.小猪没吃晚饭。
· 状态否定:
例:It wasn't a serious scratch.那不是严重的擦伤。
They weren't at the hospital.他们不在医院。
2. 特殊疑问句
(1)询问 “发生了什么”:What happened to + 主语?
答句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.(如:He hurt his neck.)
例:What happened to Mike?(迈克怎么了?)
(2)询问动作原因:Why did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
答句:Because + 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.(如:Because I wanted to practice kung fu.)
例:Why did you stand on your head?(你为什么倒立?)
(3)询问 “说了什么”:What did + 主语 + say?
答句:主语 + said + 宾语从句(动词用过去式或 “should + 原形”).
例:—What did the vet say?
—He said I should exercise more.
3. 一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答:No, 主语 + didn't.
例:—Did Mike break his neck?
—Yes, he did./No, he didn't.
三、高频动词过去式
本单元涉及多个不规则动词的过去式,需特殊记忆,具体如下:
动词原形
过去式
用法示例(出自单元内容)
hurt
hurt
My neck aches terribly. I hurt it this afternoon.我的脖子很痛,今天下午伤的。
stand
stood
I stood on my head this afternoon.今天下午我倒立了。
think
thought
I thought it was easy but it wasn't.我以为它很简单,但其实不是。
break
broke
You are lucky you didn't break your neck.你很幸运没折断脖子。
say
said
I said you should stop eating too much.我说你应该停止吃太多。
eat
ate
What did you have for lunch today? I ate a big piece of chocolate cake.你今天午饭吃了什么?我吃了一大块巧克力蛋糕。
take
took
But we'll have to take an X-ray first.但我们得先拍X光片。
易错点提示
动词过去式混淆:
· 不规则动词过去式需单独记忆,避免按规则加 “-ed”,如 “hurt→hurt”(不写 “hurtted”)、“eat→ate”(不写 “eated”)。
· 规则动词直接加 “-ed”,如 “play→played”“walk→walked”。
小练笔
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Mike ______(stand)on his head and ______(hurt)his neck this afternoon.
2.The little piggy ______(have)a stomachache because he ______(eat)too much.
3.Yangyang's mum ______(be)worried because he ______(hurt)his leg again.
4.They ______(not go)to school yesterday because they ______(be)ill.
句型转换
5.Mike hurt his neck in the afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)
______ Mike ______ his neck in the afternoon?
6.Yangyang played football and hurt his leg.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ to Yangyang?
1.stood;hurt解析:this afternoon 表示过去,stand 的过去式为 stood,hurt 的过去式为 hurt。
2.had;ate解析:描述过去生病原因,have 的过去式为 had,eat 的过去式为 ate。
3.was;hurt解析:mum 是第三人称单数,用 was;hurt 的过去式为 hurt。
4.didn't go;were解析:否定句用 “didn't + 原形”;they 是复数,be 动词过去式用 were。
5.Did;hurt解析:一般疑问句用助动词 Did,动词 hurt 用原形。
6.What happened解析:询问 “发生了什么” 用 “What happened to...?” 句型。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Be (careful). The floor is wet, you should walk (careful).
2.Nancy is sad. What’s wrong with (she)?
3.Don’t be (worry) about food.
4.—Why did you (call) me?
—Because I wanted (give) you some food.
5.We have two football (match) this week.
2、 从方框中选择合适的词填空。
A.careful B.practice C.well D.sounds E. dangerous
6.My mother doesn’t look today.
7.He wanted to kung fu.
8.It was very to do that.
9.I’ll be very when I play football.
10.That good.
3、 单项选择。
( )11.He _____ last night. He was excited.
A.goes swimming B.went sightsee C.went shopping D.goes sightseeing
( )12.—What did she do?
—She _____ her mother _____ the dishes.
A.helped; wash B.helps; wash C.helped; washed D.helps; washing
( )13.The tiger _____ angry and he wanted to ______ the monkey.
A.is; eat B.was; eat C.were; eating D.is; eating
( )14.I like _____ very much. I _____ last holiday.
A.ice-skating; ice-skated B.ice-skating; ice-skating
C.ice-skate; ice-skate D.ice-skating; ice-skate
( )15.—You look so happy. What happened?
—We ______ last week.
A.win the game B.eat candy C.got some gifts D.play football
( )16.Grandma often ______ breakfast at 7:30 in the morning when she was young.
A.eat B.eats C.eating D.ate
( )17.你想问对方发生了什么事时,你可以说:
A.I have a stomachache. B.What did you have for lunch?
C.What happened to you? D.Why did you stand on your head?
( )18.—What did you do last night?
—I did my homework and ______ storybooks.
A.am reading B.read C.will read D.reads
( )19.Why _______ you call me? Did you _______ any fish?
A.did; caught B.did; catch C.were; catch D.were; caught
( )20.What happened ___________ the man?
A.to B.in C.on D.with
4、 匹配题.
A.It’s Amy’s house.
B.No, he lived in Beijing.
C.What happened to him?
D.Yes, it will.
E. Tell me about your basketball game.
( )21.— —He fell off the bike.
( )22.—Whose house is it? —
( )23.— —It was great.
( )24.—Did he live in New York? —
( )25.—Will it snow in Beijing? —
5、 从第Ⅱ栏中找出与第Ⅰ栏相对应的答语。
Ⅰ Ⅱ
( )26.Why did you call me? A.I often go skating.
( )27.Was your father at home yesterday? B.I lost my football.
( )28.How did you get to the park? C.Last Sunday.
( )29.Was it rainy yesterday? D.No, it wasn’t.
( )30.What’s the matter? E. On foot.
( )31.Don’t climb up the hill. F. Because I wanted to play with you.
( )32.How do you spend your weekend? G. Yes, he was.
( )33.When did you go to the Museum? H. All right.
6、 补全对话/短文。
Mum: 34
Jim: No, thanks, Mum. I don’t want to eat supper.A.I played on the computer.
B.What happened to you?
C.But it scratched me.
D.Time for supper, Jim!
E.But why was your hand hurt?
Mum: 35
Jim: My hand hurts.
Mum: What did you do this afternoon?
Jim: 36
Mum: 37
Jim: Our cat saw a mouse on the computer, and it wanted to catch it. 38
Mum: Oh, dear! Let’s go to the hospital and see a doctor.
7、 完形填空。
When Mary Smith was a 39 , she wanted to be a teacher, 40 she liked children. When she was twenty, she began teaching in a small school. She was a good teacher, and she 41 a lot with the children in her class. They 42 her teaching.
One day, 43 of the girls in her class said to her, “Miss Smith, 44 does a man’s hair become grey before his beard (胡子)does?”
Mary laughed(笑) and answered, “I don’t know. Helen, do you know?”
“I don’t know, 45 . Miss Smith,” said Helen, “But it happened 46 my father.” The other children in the class laughed when they heard this.
Then a boy said, “I 47 , Miss Smith! A man’s hair becomes grey 48 because it’s sixteen years older than his beard.”
( )39.A.woman B.student C.teacher
( )40.A.so B.but C.because
( )41.A.cried B.learned C.laughed
( )42.A.enjoyed B.thought C.wanted
( )43.A.one B.a C.an
( )44.A.when B.how C.why
( )45.A.too B.either C.also
( )46.A.of B.with C.to
( )47.A.think B.know C.sure
( )48.A.fast B.slowly C.first
答案解析
1. careful carefully
【详解】句意:小心。地板湿了,你应该小心地走。本题考查形容词和副词的用法。第一个空位于Be动词后,需用形容词作表语,所以填careful;第二个空修饰动词walk,需用副词形式carefully。故答案为careful;carefully。
2.her
【详解】句意:南茜 很难过。她怎么了?本题考查人称代词。she是人称代词主格,with是介词,she用宾格her,做with的宾语,故答案为her。
3.worried
【详解】句意:不要担心食物。本题考查固定搭配。根据句意及所给单词可知考查单词worried担心的,be worried about担心,故答案为worried。
4.call to give
【详解】句意:—你为什么打电话给我?—因为我想要给你一些食物。问句中前面有助动词did,后面的实义动词call要用原形;want to do sth. 想要做某事,give的动词不定式为to give。故答案为call;to give。
5.matches
【详解】句意:这个周末我们有两场足球比赛。match比赛,前面有two限定,故用复数形式,故答案为matches。
6.C 7.B 8.E 9.A 10.D
【分析】6.句意:我的妈妈今天看上去不____。根据语法规则,空缺处应该是副词。选项C好的,look well看起来好,符合语境,故选C。
7.句意:他想要____功夫。根据语法规则,空缺处应该是动词。选项B练习,practice Kung fu练习功夫,符合语境,故选B。
8.句意:做那个事是非常____。根据语法规则,空缺处应该是形容词。选项E危险的,符合语境,故选E。
9.句意:当我踢足球的时候我将非常____。根据语法规则,空缺处应该是形容词。选项A小心的,符合语境,故选A。
10.句意:那个____好。根据语法规则,空缺处应该是系动词。选项D听起来,sounds good听起来好,符合语境,故选D。
11.C
【详解】句意:他昨晚_____。他很兴奋。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式。根据last night昨晚,可知是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式;go+doing,是固定搭配。故选C。
12.A
【详解】句意:—她做了什么?—她帮助她妈妈洗盘子。本题考查动词的形式。根据问句用一般过去时,答语也用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式形式,help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事,help的过去式是helped,故选A。
13.B
【详解】句意:老虎很生气,他想吃了猴子。本题考查动词的形式。根据“wanted”是过去式,可知时态为一般过去时;主语是名词单数,be用was。want to do sth.,想要做某事,固定搭配,故选B。
14.A
【详解】句意:我非常喜欢滑冰。上个假期我去滑冰了。本题考查动词的形式。like doing…喜欢干……,固定搭配,因此是ice-skating;第二空,根据last holiday可知该句子是一般过去时,因此需要动词过去式,ice-skated是ice-skate的过去式,故选A。
15.C
【详解】句意:—你看起来很高兴。发生什么事了?—我们上周_____。本题考查动词的形式。根据“happened”可知,时态用一般过去时,答语也用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式形式。got是get的过去式,其他都是动词原形,故选C。
16.D
【详解】句意:奶奶在她年轻的时候,经常在早晨七点半吃早饭。本题考查动词的形式。根据“when she was young”可知,时态为一般过去时,动词用过去式,ate是eat的过去式,故选D。
17.C
【详解】本题考查情景交际。A我胃疼;B你午饭吃的什么;C你发生了什么事;D你为什么倒立?根据题意,故选C。
18.B
【详解】句意:—你昨晚做了什么?—我做了家庭作业和读了故事书。本题考查动词的形式。last night 昨天晚上,可知句子为一般过去时,答句中动词用过去式,read读,过去式read,故选B。
19.B
【详解】句意:你/你们为什么给我打电话?你/你们钓到鱼了吗?本题考查助动词和动词形式,这是一般过去时的句子,借助于助动词did,C和D排除,后面一个句子是个一般疑问句,Did+主语+动词原形+其他,A排除,故选B。
20.A
【详解】句意:那个人发生什么事情了?本题考查动词短语,happen to sb...表示某人发生了什么事。故选A。
21.C 22.A 23.E 24.B 25.D
【解析】21.句意:他掉下来自行车。问句应该提问发生了什么事,C选项“他怎么了?”符合题意,故选C。
22.句意:它是谁的房子?答句回答所属者,A选项“它是艾米的房子。”符合题意,故选A。
23.句意:它是棒的。问句要询问看法,E选项“告诉我你的篮球比赛。”符合题意,故选E。
24.句意:他住在纽约吗?该句是由助动词Did引导的一般疑问句,答句用Yes或者No回答,B选项“不,他住在北京。”符合题意,故选B。
25.句意:北京将下雪吗?该句是由助动词Will引导的一般疑问句,答句用Yes或者No回答,D选项“是的。”符合题意,故选D。
26.F 27.G 28.E 29.D 30.B 31.H 32.A 33.C
【解析】26.句意:你为什么打电话给我?需回答原因。选项F(因为我想和你玩。)用“because”直接回应“why”,句子匹配,故选F。
27.句意:你爸爸昨天在家吗?需用Yes/No回答,选项G(是的,他在。)用“he”指代父亲,句子匹配,故选G。
28.句意:你怎么去公园的?需回答交通方式。选项E(步行。)直接说明方式,句子匹配,故选E。
29.句意:昨天下雨了吗?需回答Yes/No。选项D(不,没下雨。)用“it”指代天气,句子匹配,故选D。
30.句意:怎么了?需说明问题。选项B(我丢了足球。)描述具体事件,句子匹配,故选B。
31.句意:别爬上山。需回应建议。选项H(好的。)表示同意,句子匹配,故选H。
32.句意:你周末怎么过?需描述活动。选项A(我常去滑冰。)说明具体安排,句子匹配,故选A。
33.句意:你何时去博物馆?需回答时间。选项C(上周日。)直接给出时间,句子匹配,故选C。
34.D 35.B 36.A 37.E 38.C
【分析】34.答句句意:不,谢谢妈妈。我不想吃晚餐。根据答句可知上面是妈妈让Jim吃晚饭。选项DJim,吃晚饭时间了,符合语境,故选D。
35.答句句意:我的手受伤了。根据答句可知上面是问怎么了?选项B你怎么了?符合语境,故选B。
36.问句句意:你今天下午做什么了?回答说做的事。选项A我在电脑上玩了,符合语境,故选A。
37.答句句意:我们的猫看到电脑上有个鼠标,它想抓住它。但是它抓到了我。答句是描述自己受伤的原因。再结合上文可知空缺处应该是问如何受伤的?选项E但是为什么你的手受伤了?符合语境,故选E。
38.句意:我们的猫看到电脑上有个鼠标,它想抓住它。_____。再结合下文去医院,可知空缺处是说猫是抓到了Jim,弄伤了他的手。选项C但是它抓到了我,符合语境,故选C。
39.B 40.C 41.B 42.A 43.A 44.C 45.B 46.C 47.B 48.C
【导语】本文主要写了玛丽·史密斯从小想当老师,她成为老师后,学生问她关于男人的头发比胡子先白的原因。
39.句意:当玛丽·史密斯是一个_________时,她想成为一名教师,_________她喜欢孩子。A女人,B学生,C老师。根据句意,可知B选项符合题意,故选B。
40.句意:当玛丽·史密斯是一个学生时,她想成为一名教师,_________她喜欢孩子。A所以,B但是,C因为。根据句意可知C选项符合题意,故选C。
41.句意:她是个好老师,她和班上的孩子们一起________很多。A哭,B学习,C笑。根据句意可知B选项符合题意,故选B。
42.句意:他们_________她的教学。A喜欢,B认为,C想要。根据句意可知A选项符合题意,故选A。
43.句意:一天,她班上的一个女孩对她说。one of意思是……之一,符合题意,故选A。
44.句意:史密斯小姐,_________男人的头发会比胡子先变白?A什么时候,B怎样,C为什么。根据句意可知C选项符合题意,故选C。
45.句意:我也不知道。史密斯小姐。A也,B也,C也。AB用于句末,C用于句中,句子是否定句,所以用either,故选B。
46.句意:但这发生在我父亲身上。happen to sb.意思是某人发生某事,故选C。
47.句意:我_________,史密斯小姐!一个男人的头发_________变白,因为它比他的胡子大十六岁。A认为,B知道,C当然。根据句意可知B选项符合题意,故选B。
48.句意:一个男人的头发________变白,因为它比他的胡子大十六岁。A快得,B慢地,C首先,根据句意可知C选项符合题意,故选C。
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