课时作业（12）Period 4（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I ________ (点击) on a link and in no time recent reviews of the book came up. 【答案】　clicked 2. I could not understand why the little girl was so ________ (粗鲁的) to people around her. 【答案】　rude 3．First of all，you should set yourself ______ (目标) that you can reasonably hope to achieve. 【答案】　targets 4．It was quite clear that the boss was being given ________ (虚假的) information by those around him. 【答案】　false 5．It ________ (使烦恼) Mr Brown that nobody had bothered to tell him what had happened. 【答案】　upset 6．The government has issued clear ________ (准则) on the content of children's education. 【答案】　guidelines 7．This poem fully expresses the ________ (作者的) love for the ordinary people. 【答案】　author's 8．It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already ________ (熟悉的) with. 【答案】　familiar 9．Police are investigating the ________ (偷窃)of computers from the company's offices. 【答案】　theft 10．Like a troll，a cyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at ________ (特定的) people. 【答案】　particular Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．This kind of apps keeps you ________ (update)on all topics which you prefer. 【答案】　updated 2．You can also choose ________ (receive) the news you are interested in. 【答案】　to receive 3．Taking the toy car apart and ________ (put)it together would be great fun. 【答案】　putting 4．Many teenagers imagine ________ (them)as actors in movies and TV shows. 【答案】　themselves 5．The water supply ________ (cut) off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. 【答案】　has been cut 6．Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 【答案】　has been made 7．He tells me that his battery lasts twice as long as other ________ (battery)． 【答案】　batteries 8．This information ________ (confirm) by our headmaster yesterday afternoon. 【答案】　was confirmed Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Powerisers The ability to jump two meters in the air may not be something you have thought too much about.And most people have never considered running at 30 kilometers an hour.But just stop for a moment and think about how our new product could change your life. Your daily journey to your place of work is probably a mad dash for the bus.There is no point in taking your car because there are traffic jams, and anyway the car parks are probably very expensive or, worse still, full.Here is where Powerisers can help.It takes just a couple of minutes to put them on and then you are away, going past others or even jumping over the object which blocks your way. That is the practical use for our product, but then there is sport and exercise.Powerisers are set to be the next extreme sport and the keep-fit tools.You can imagine the 100 meters, the high jump or basketball performed by athletes wearing Powerisers.And what better way to build your muscles and keep fit? Our product is very simple.It is powered by a superlight spring, which uses the gravitational(重力的) pull from your body weight and pushes you with superhuman strength.There have been no records of serious injury related to the use of Powerisers, but extreme caution is recommended.We strongly advise the wearing of protective clothing, including at least a helmet(头盔)． Powerisers make you feel as if you were walking on the moon.Now we make two different models: Basic and Professional.The Basic model is designed for the occasional users and costs around $500.The Professional model, which is designed for the competitive use, has a strongly-made structure and different springs, though that comes at the increased price of $800.Our Powerisers are guaranteed for two years and will be replaced without question if they fail during that period.That is how confident we are. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款产品Powerisers的功能、用途、使用注意事项以及价格等。 1．According to the passage, Powerisers can help you ________． A．get on the bus　　 B．jump over blocks C．relax hard muscles D．lift heavy weights 【解析】　B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句It takes just a couple of minutes to put them on and then you are away, going past others or even jumping over the object which blocks your way.(你只需要几分钟就能穿上它们，然后你就会离开，越过其他人，甚至跳过阻挡你的东西。)可知Powerisers可以帮助你跳过障碍物。故选B。 2．A helmet is recommended to users to ____． A．prevent them from being injured B．provide them with superhuman strength C．Offer them the feeling of walking on the moon D．Bring them good results in competitive situations 【解析】　A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句We strongly advise the wearing of protective clothing, including at least a helmet.(我们强烈建议穿戴防护服，其中至少要佩戴头盔。)可知建议使用者戴上安全帽，是为了以免受伤。故选A。 3．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage? A．To advertise a sports product. B．To show advantages of taking exercise C．To explain basic principles of Powerisers. D．To introduce the development of Powerisers 【解析】　A　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了Powerisers的功能、用途，使用注意事项以及价格等。由此可知，作者的意图是为了给产品打广告。故选A。 B A researching team analyzed data from long-running studies conducted in Brazil and South Africa to assess whether children exposed to early adversities(逆境), such as extreme poverty, low birth weight, and pre-term birth, could reach their full learning potential by experiencing responsive caregiving and opportunities to learn in their home.They found that early life adversities matter throughout life.Teenagers who had been exposed to multiple adversities early in life had lower IQ scores, were more likely to have difficulties adjusting socially and psychologically, and achieved a lower physical height compared to teenagers exposed to fewer adversities.They also found that being raised in a nurturing(培育)environment could significantly counteract the negative effect of early adversities on IQ and help children achieve their full potential of intelligence. Globally, more than 250 million children younger than 5 years are at risk of not reaching their developmental potential because of adversities that co-occur early in life and worsen with age.In the US, almost one in five children are raised in poverty and 15 percent do not complete high school.Exposing these children to a nurturing environment, whether at home or in daycare or pre-school settings, can lead to cognitive(认知的)benefits that last into teenage and beyond. Parents should provide nurturing environments, which include interacting with young children in a positive way such as reading children's books from the library, singing songs together, and playing games with numbers and letters.Children who join in age-matched housework like picking up toys and clearing the table gain skills and feel good about helping.Get children involved in friendly activities as much as possible rather than park them in front of a screen.Children love to learn and in a nurturing environment, they can grow into teenagers and adults with the abilities to care for themselves, their families, and their communities. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究证实因早期遭受逆境而智力受损的儿童，可以通过体验相应的关怀和在家学习的机会来充分发挥他们的学习潜力。 4．What is the purpose of the study? A．To explore the ways of improving children's IQ. B．To discover what adversities children can suffer. C．To compare IQ of children from all over the world. D．To find out how to deal with adversities' effects on IQ. 【解析】　D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A researching team analyzed data from long-running studies conducted in Brazil and South Africa to assess whether children exposed to early adversities(逆境), such as extreme poverty, low birth weight, and pre-term birth, could reach their full learning potential by experiencing responsive caregiving and opportunities to learn in their home.(一个研究小组分析了在巴西和南非进行的长期研究的数据，以评估暴露在早期逆境中的儿童，如极端贫困、出生体重偏低和早产，是否能够通过在家里接受积极的照顾和学习机会来充分发挥他们的学习潜力。)”可知，这项研究的目的是了解如何应对逆境对智商的影响。故选D。 5．What does the underlined word “counteract” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Weaken. B．Target. C．Enhance. D．Simplify. 【解析】　A　词句猜测题。根据下文“help children achieve their full potential of intelligence.(帮助孩子充分发挥他们的智力潜力。)”可推知，“significantly counteract the negative effect of early adversities on IQ”意为“显著削弱早期逆境对智商的负面影响”。由此可知，counteract意为“削弱”。故选A。 6．What does the author advise parents to do with children affected by early adversities? A．Create the best possible living environment. B．Encourage kids to play as much as possible. C．Try to provide a better nurturing environment. D．Teach kids to adjust physically and psychologically. 【解析】　C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Exposing these children to a nurturing environment, whether at home or in daycare or pre-school settings, can lead to cognitive(认知的)benefits that last into teenage and beyond.(将这些孩子暴露在一个培养的环境中，无论是在家里、日托所或学前环境，都能带来认知方面的益处，这种益处会持续到青少年甚至更长时间。)”和文章第三段“Parents should provide nurturing environments, which include interacting with young children in a positive way such as reading children's books from the library, singing songs together, and playing games with numbers and letters.(父母应该提供培养环境，包括以积极的方式与幼儿互动，如阅读图书馆的儿童书籍，一起唱歌，玩数字和字母游戏。)可知，作者建议父母为受到早期逆境影响的孩子提供一个更好的培养环境。故选C。 7．Which is the best title for the text? A．Early Adversities and IQ B．The Best Nurturing Environment C．The Intellectual Potential of Children D．Cognitive Benefits from Adversities 【解析】　A　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“They found that early life adversities matter throughout life.(他们发现，早年的逆境影响着整个人生。)”和“They also found that being raised in a nurturing environment could significantly counteract the negative effect of early adversities on IQ and help children achieve their full potential of intelligence.(他们还发现，在良好的环境中长大可以显著抵消早期逆境对智商的负面影响，并帮助孩子充分发挥智力潜力。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一项新的研究证实因早期遭受逆境而智力受损的儿童，可以通过体验相应的关怀和在家学习的机会来充分发挥他们的学习潜力。A项：Early Adversities and IQ(早期的逆境和智商)符合题意。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$