Unit4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking (Ⅰ)（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册高中同步学案（人教版）

Unit 4　History and Traditions 单元主题　人与社会　历史与传统 Tower Bridge Tower Bridge has a long and fascinating history.Built between 1886 and 1894, the Bridge has spent more than a century as London's defining landmark，an icon of London and the United Kingdom. Choosing the design for a new river crossing A huge challenge① faced the City of London Corporation—how to build a bridge downstream from London Bridge without disrupting (扰乱) river traffic activities.To generate ideas, a committee was formed in 1876, and a public competition was launched to find a design for the new crossing. Over_50_designs_were_submitted②_to_the_Committee_for_consideration,_some_of_which_are_on_display_at_Tower_Bridge.It wasn't until October 1884, however, that Sir Horace Jones，the City Architect offered the chosen design for Tower Bridge as a solution. Building the Bridge It took eight years to build Tower Bridge under the watchful eye of Sir John Wolfe Barry.Two massive piers were built on foundations③ sunk into the riverbed to support the construction, and over 11，000 tons of steel provided the framework for the Towers and Walkways. How it works When it was built, Tower Bridge was the largest and most sophisticated bascule bridge (复杂的开合桥) ever completed.These bascules were operated by hydraulics (液压系统)，using steam to power the huge pumping engines.The bascules only took about a minute to raise to their maximum④ angle of 86 degrees. Today, the bascules are still operated by hydraulic power，but since 1976 they have been driven by oil and electricity rather than steam.The original pumping engines are now on display⑤ within Tower Bridge's Engine Rooms. 词海撷贝 ①challenge n. 挑战 ②submit vt.提交 ③foundation n．地基 ④maximum adj.最大限度的 ⑤display n．展览 金句欣赏 Over 50 designs were submitted to the Committee for consideration, some of which are on display at Tower Bridge. 译文：超过50个设计提交委员会审议，其中一些在塔桥展出。 分析：Over 50 designs were...是主句，some of which are...是非限制性定语从句。 探究思考 What do you think the Tower Bridge and the construction of it? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案：As far as I am concerned，the Tower Bridge is one of the most attractive sites in London and its construction shows the wisdom of the British people. Period 1　Reading and Thinking (Ⅰ)　研读语篇课 素养目标 1.Get to know some basic knowledge about the UK. 2.Read What's in a name? and try to understand its main idea as well as details. 3.Practise reading strategies such as searching for key words, skimming and scanning. 4.Appreciate the history of the UK and learn to respect a foreign culture. 5.Use the key words and sentence structures to describe the history and tradition of a country. Ⅰ.新词相知 (一)连线相匹配的英语释义 nearby belong surround legal achievement defence location a.to be all around sth./sb. b.connected with the law; allowed or required by law c.near in position; not far away d.a thing that sb. has done successfully，especially using their own effort e.to be in the right or suitable place f.a place where sth.happens or exists g.the act of protecting sb./sth.from attack 答案：c　e　a　b　d　g　f (二)结合语境，从上面的表格中选择恰当的单词并用适当形式填空 1．We are surrounded by a natural playground, just perfect for walking. 2．Money with no strings attached means money not legally made. 3．A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use. 4．Residents in the town feel comfortable, safe and a sense of belonging． 5．The exact location of the volcano puzzled him. 6．The soldiers broke through the enemy's defence works. 7．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plan to retire. 词汇微空间 动词＋后缀-ment→名词 achieve v. 获得；实现→achievement n．成就 excite v．使兴奋→excitement n．兴奋 entertain v．招待→entertainment n．娱乐 enjoy v．欣赏→enjoyment n．乐趣 pave v．铺路→pavement n．人行道 Ⅱ.短语熟记 选择恰当的短语补全下列语境 join to；break away from；result in；refer to；belong to；be known as；as well as；keep your eyes open；date back to 1．The old temple dates_back_to Roman times. 2．Obama is_known_as the first black president of the USA. 3．The house belongs_to my grandfather. 4．Our house is joined_to Tom's and we can get there easily. 5．Smith as_well_as his sisters loves their motherland. 6．He broke_away_from his family and went abroad. 7．Keep_your_eyes_open for mistakes if you want to make it. 8．The accident resulted_in three people being killed. 9．These books refer_to Asian problems. Ⅲ.课文浅触 1．阅读What's in a name？了解与英国有关的不同名称及意义。 2．根据时间线，探索英国历史。 Time Event 1st century Romans arrived 5th century Anglo-Saxons came 8th century Vikings came 11th century Normans came 16th century Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England 18th century Scotland joined 19th century the Kingdom of Ireland was added 20th century the southern part of Ireland broke away 1．An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words.(P30)成语是一种表达方式，它的意思与单个词的意思不同。 ◆individual adj.单独的；个别的　n．个人 They wait for the group to decide instead of making individual decisions. 他们等待团体做决定而不是各自做出决定。 The competition is open to both teams and individuals. 团队和个人均可参加比赛。 individualism n．　个人主义 individually adv. 个别地 The hotel has 100 individually designed bedrooms. 这家旅馆有100个设计各不相同的房间。 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1)Every individual has (have) rights which must never be taken away. (2)The children will first sing individually (individual) and then together as a group. 2．And so hold on when there is nothing in you(P39)所以当你一无所有时要坚持。 ◆ hold on抓牢；坚持不懈；稍等一下 Though I met with a lot of difficulties，I held on. 尽管我遇到了很多困难，但我坚持不懈。 Hold on for a minute.I am getting changed. 等一会儿，我在换衣服。 hold on to　紧紧抓住；坚持，不放弃 hold up 举起；耽误 hold back 阻挡；(使)退缩；忍住 hold out 伸出；递出 hold together 使团结；使和睦相处 The boy held on to the rope until he was rescued. 男孩紧紧地抓住绳子，直到获救。 She kept trying to hold back her tears. 她一直在试图抑制住眼泪。 With some hesitation and an uncertain smile, she held out her hand. 带着一些犹豫和不确定的微笑，她把手伸了出去。 完成句子 (1)He was able to hold_back (忍住) his anger and avoid a fight. (2)He held_up (举起) the map so it could be seen more clearly. Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu？(P38) 你认为威廉为什么说他的家乡与曲阜相似？ do you think是插入语，在句中不作成分，通常放在疑问词后。当句子中有此类插入语时，句子要用陈述语序。 What do you think is the writer's point of view in this reading passage? 你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？ Which part of this book do you think is the most interesting? 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？ 常用于这种形式的动词有：think, suggest，hope, believe, suppose, guess, consider, imagine等。 What do you believe the earth is made up of? 你觉得地球是由什么构成的？ What do you suppose he bought last week? 你认为他上周买了什么？ 翻译句子 (1)你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的女性？ Who_do_you_think_was_the_greatest_woman_of_the_past_100_years? (2)你认为我在哪里能找到他？ Where_do_you_think_I_can_find_him? 一、单词拼写 1. ________ (孔子)was a famous educator in the Chinese history. 【答案】　Confucius 2．He studied ________ (哲学)and psychology at Cambridge. 【答案】　philosophy 3．A child's awareness of being an ________ (个人) grows in stages during the pre-school years. 【答案】　individual 4．The street is lined with many __________ (豪宅) where the rich and famous live. 【答案】　mansions 5．The human remains were moved from other places on the battlefield and put into graves in the new ________ (墓地)． 【答案】　cemetery 6．He was a ________ (后裔) of Spanish soldier. 【答案】　descendant 二、单句语法填空 1．His carelessness lead to his ________ (lose) a lot of money. 【答案】　losing 2．My teaching style is similar ________ that of most other teachers. 【答案】　to 3．The worker of today is different ____________ the worker of yesterday. 【答案】　from 4. Many experts have done a research project ________ Confucius philosophy. 【答案】　on 5．You helped me to hold ________ at times when I didn't think I could even go on trying. 【答案】　on 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$