Unit 8 Role Models of the Times（B卷·单元测试卷）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023版）《同步单元AB卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套【河北专用】《同步单元AB卷》紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点，并紧密贴合河北省真题题型。A卷为考点梳理卷，侧重考点分层突破；B卷为单元测试卷，强化综合能力检测，助力师生高效把握区域教学重点，提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 本卷是Unit 8 Role Models of the Times的单元测试卷，主要考查语音、词汇、语法、阅读能力和书面表达能力。 Unit 8 Role Models of the Times B卷·单元测试卷 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 第一部分 英语知识运用 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出其画线部分与所给单词画线部分读音相同的选项。 1．cinema A．could B．cake C．city D．car 2．peach A．bread B．dead C．heavy D．teach 3．southern A．loud B．trouble C．famous D．south 4．disagree A．five B． idea C．behind D．give 5．honor A．hear B．hurt C．house D．honest 第二节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6. I admire him ________ his bravery and learning. A. to B. on C. with D. for 7. My father ________ smoking with my mother’s help. A. gave out B. gave away C. gave in D. gave up 8. When walking down the street, I ________ David, who I hadn’t seen for years. A. came up B. came across C. came out D. came along 9. If we have no knowledge, we can’t succeed ________ doing any work. A. at B. in C. on D. with 10. ________, it was really thoughtful of you to get me the ticket. A. In the way B. In a way C. On the way D. By the way 11. —She is so brave that I ________ her. —Yes. She is also kind. A. admire B. enjoy C. remind D. contribute 12. I ________ some of my photos in the drawer of my father’s desk. A. came out B. came along C. came across D. came up 13. —She is so brave that I ________ her. —Yes. She is also kind. A. admire B. enjoy C. remind D. contribute 14. He succeed ________ the examination. A. in pass B. to pass C. in passing D. past 15. I will drive you home and keep you ________. A. safe B. safety C. safely D. safties 第三节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 Every scientist has a dream. A scientist of China once had a dream. He wished to grow a new type of rice which could a lot. This person is Yuan Longping was born in 1930. He graduated from Southwest Agricultural University in 1953. Yuan Longping came up with an idea for a hybrid rice (杂交水稻) in the 1960s. Since then, he has devoted himself to researching and developing new varieties (品种). In 1973, together with other people, he in the development of hybrid rice. This made China a worldwide leader in rice production. this, he was called “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In 1980, the technology (技术) of hybrid rice was to the United States. Many people around the world knew this. Professor Yuan’s hard work, rice is widely grown. China now produces enough rice to her people every year. In his spare time, he loves playing violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads half an hour before he goes to sleep. He likes swimming, too. It is said that Professor Yuan is one of the people in China. Many people learn from him. And he cares about nothing but research. Now Professor Yuan is working on developing super hybrid rice. He goes to the fields twice a day. 16．A．produce B．produces C．produced D．producing 17．A．where B．whom C．which D．who 18．A．success B．succeeded C．failed D．failure 19．A．For B．With C．From D．In 20．A．introduces B．introducing C．introduce D．introduced 21．A．Because of B．Instead of C．In order D．As for 22．A．fed B．feeds C．feed D．feeding 23．A．an B．/ C．the D．a 24．A．poorest B．laziest C．worst D．most careful 25．A．it B．he C．his D．him 第四节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 Every scientist dreams of 26 (do) something to help the world. So 27 (do) Tu Youyou, whose research has helped to save millions of lives globally. There is no easy path 28 success. Under 29 (press) of research and a tight schedule, Tu went for a cure for malaria among 30 (tradition) Chinese medicines. She read hundreds of ancient medical texts in search of clues. She also carried out thousands of 31 (experiment) and even tested new drugs on herself. Tu was very strong-willed and self-motivated. However hard the work was, she never gave up hope that a cure was just around the corner. She set 32 example for her team, 33 (lead) and inspiring everyone else in the challenging work. In 2015, Tu Youyou 34 (award) the Nobel Prize and won the respect of the world. As a great scientist, she is never satisfied with her work and is 35 (dedicate) to perfecting the drug she discovered. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分25 分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Stephen Hawking, the most famous scientist of his time, died when he was 76 on March 14,2018. He died peacefully on Wednesday at his home in Cambridge, England. Hawking was a physicist. He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe (宇宙) and what black holes are. He got the ALS (渐冻症) in 1963. At that time, doctors said he would only live a few years. But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work. The disease finally put him in a wheel- chair and took away his ability to speak. For many years, Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice. His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and made him world-famous. Hawking was also known for his successful re- search on black holes. His work is known as Hawking radiation. In his 2013 book “My Brief History”, Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness, “I felt it was very unfair — why should this happen to me?” He added, “At the time, I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.” “But now, my goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is a complete understanding of the universe — what it is and why it is there.” Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel, especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said it would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth. “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. It is time to explore other solar systems. Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth.” he said last year. 36．Stephen Hawking was a great scientist and he ________. A．was born in 1940 in Cambridge B．passed away peacefully in a hospital C．was famous for his travel to the Moon D．made people understand the universe better 37．Paragraph 3 shows that ________. A．Hawking died only a few years after he got the ALS B．doctors played an important role in Hawking’s daily life C．how Hawking’s disease was caused and how he was treated D．Hawking managed to go on with scientific work with the ALS 38．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．running out of the space B．a supporter of space travel C．a common purpose of helping humans D．human space travel to the Moon and Mars 39．The right order of the following events should be ________. a. Hawking got the ALS in 1963. b. Hawking passed away on March 14, 2018. c. Hawking wrote “My Brief History” which is about his illness. d. Hawking wrote “A Brief History of Time” and it made him world-famous. A．a, d, c, b B．a, b, c, d C．b, a, c, d D．d, a, c, b 40．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．Hawking always believed that he would be successful B．Hawking communicated by a special tool in his own voice C．Hawking believed spreading out could help save people on the Earth D．Hawking didn’t become famous until “My Brief History” was published 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A: Have you heard of Thomas Edison, the great inventor? B: 41 A: Really? B: Yes. He was American. He invented a lot of things all his life. 42 A: That’s right. And he was born in 1847, and died in 1931. B: 43 A: Yes, but we can still remember him. B: I hear you also like inventing things. 44 A: Yes, that’s my dream. B: 45 A: Thank you! A．Do you want to be an inventor in the future? B．I hope your dream will come true. C．They all have changed the world. D．Yes, I have learnt about Edison in some books. E．Oh, he has been dead for more than eighty years. 第三部分 书面表达（满分20分） 根据所给提示写一篇关于钱学森的短文，需包括所有内容要点，要求语句通顺、意思连贯。词数80左右。 内容要点： 1.钱学森，世界著名科学家，被认为是中国太空技术项目的先驱； 2.1934年毕业于交通大学(Jiaotong University)，1935年到美国深造； 3.1955年从美国回到祖国，对中国航天事业的发展做出了巨大贡献； 4.他是我们所有中国人的骄傲，我们都很钦佩他； 5.你的感想…… ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：本套【河北专用】《同步单元AB卷》紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点，并紧密贴合河北省真题题型。A卷为考点梳理卷，侧重考点分层突破；B卷为单元测试卷，强化综合能力检测，助力师生高效把握区域教学重点，提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 本卷是Unit 8 Role Models of the Times的单元测试卷，主要考查语音、词汇、语法、阅读能力和书面表达能力。 Unit 8 Role Models of the Times B卷·单元测试卷 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 第一部分 英语知识运用 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出其画线部分与所给单词画线部分读音相同的选项。 1．cinema A．could B．cake C．city D．car 2．peach A．bread B．dead C．heavy D．teach 3．southern A．loud B．trouble C．famous D．south 4．disagree A．five B． idea C．behind D．give 5．honor A．hear B．hurt C．house D．honest 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．D 【解析】1．考查辅音字母的发音。cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/；A. could /kʊd /；B. cake/keɪk/； C. city/ˈsɪti/；D. car/kɑː(r)/。根据音标可知，cinema的划线部分发音和city划线部分发音一致。故选C。 2．考查元音字母组合的发音。peach /piːtʃ/；A. bread /bred/；B. dead /ded/；C. heavy /ˈhevi/；D. teach /tiːtʃ/。根据音标可知，peach的划线部分发音和teach划线部分发音一致。故选D。 3．考查元音字母组合的发音。southern /ˈsʌðən/；A. loud /laʊd/；B. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/；C. famous /ˈfeɪməs/；D. south /saʊθ/。根据音标可知，southern的划线部分发音和trouble划线部分发音一致。故选B。 4．考查元音字母的发音。disagree /ˌdɪsəˈɡriː/；A. five /faɪv/；B. idea /aɪˈdɪə/；C. behind /bɪˈhaɪnd/；D. give /ɡɪv/。根据音标可知，disagree的划线部分发音和give划线部分发音一致。故选D。 5．考查辅音字母的发音。honor /ˈɒnə(r)/；A. hear /hɪr/；B. hurt /hɜːt/；C. house /haʊs/；D. honest /ˈɒnɪst/。根据音标可知，honor的划线部分发音和honest划线部分一致。故选D。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6. I admire him ________ his bravery and learning. A. to B. on C. with D. for 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词与其它词类搭配。句意：我钦佩他的勇气和学识。此题考查短语“admire sb. for sth.”，意为“因某事钦佩某人”。故选D。 7. My father ________ smoking with my mother’s help. A. gave out B. gave away C. gave in D. gave up 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我父亲在我母亲的帮助下戒烟了。A. gave out分发；B. gave away赠送；C. gave in屈服；D. gave up放弃。根据“smoking with my mother’s help”可知，我父亲在我母亲的帮助下戒烟了，空处表示“放弃”。故选D。 8. When walking down the street, I ________ David, who I hadn’t seen for years. A. came up B. came across C. came out D. came along 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在街上散步时，我偶然遇见大卫，我已经很多年没见过他了。A. came up走近，被提出；B. came across偶然遇见；C. came out出来；D. came along出现。根据后句“who I hadn’t seen for years”可知，是“偶然遇见多年未见的大卫”，“came across”符合“偶然遇见”语义。故选B。 9. If we have no knowledge, we can’t succeed ________ doing any work. A. at B. in C. on D. with 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：如果我们没有知识，我们就不能成功地做任何工作。固定搭配“succeed in doing sth.”意为“成功做某事”，符合题意。故选B。 10. ________, it was really thoughtful of you to get me the ticket. A. In the way B. In a way C. On the way D. By the way 【答案】D 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：顺便说说，你真是考虑得太周到了，给我弄到了这张票。A. In the way妨碍；B. In a way在某种程度上；C. On the way在……途中；D. By the way顺便说说。根据“it was really thoughtful of you to get me the ticket”可知，此处是转换话题或添加额外评论，在非正式对话中常用于引出感谢或补充信息，应用By the way，意为“顺便说一句”。故选D。 11. —She is so brave that I ________ her. —Yes. She is also kind. A. admire B. enjoy C. remind D. contribute 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——她是如此勇敢我欣赏她。——是的。她还很善良。A. admire欣赏；B. enjoy享受；C. remind提醒；D. contribute贡献。根据“She is so brave that ...”可知，第一句表达“勇敢”品质导致的结果，空处需填入一个表示积极情感、与“勇敢”逻辑相符的动词，admire表示因某人的勇敢品质而产生敬仰之情，符合句意“她如此勇敢，以至于我钦佩她”。故选A。 12. I ________ some of my photos in the drawer of my father’s desk. A. came out B. came along C. came across D. came up 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在父亲书桌的抽屉里偶然发现了一些照片。A. came out出来；B. came along出现；C. came across偶然遇见；D. came up走近，被提出。根据句意可知，我在父亲书桌的抽屉里偶然发现了一些照片。故选C。 13. —She is so brave that I ________ her. —Yes. She is also kind. A. admire B. enjoy C. remind D. contribute 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——她是如此勇敢我欣赏她。——是的。她还很善良。A. admire欣赏；B. enjoy享受；C. remind提醒；D. contribute贡献。根据“She is so brave that ...”可知，第一句表达“勇敢”品质导致的结果，空处需填入一个表示积极情感、与“勇敢”逻辑相符的动词，admire表示因某人的勇敢品质而产生敬仰之情，符合句意“她如此勇敢，以至于我钦佩她”。故选A。 14. He succeed ________ the examination. A. in pass B. to pass C. in passing D. past 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他成功了通过考试。succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做成某事”，故填in passing。故选C。 15. I will drive you home and keep you ________. A. safe B. safety C. safely D. safties 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我会开车送你回家并保证你的安全。A. safe安全的（形容词）；B. safety安全（名词）；C. safely安全地（副词）；D. safties（拼写错误）。固定结构“keep sb. + 形容词”表示“使某人保持某种状态”，根据“keep you”可知，空处需要一个形容词作宾语补足语，所以用safe。故选A。 第三节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 Every scientist has a dream. A scientist of China once had a dream. He wished to grow a new type of rice which could a lot. This person is Yuan Longping was born in 1930. He graduated from Southwest Agricultural University in 1953. Yuan Longping came up with an idea for a hybrid rice (杂交水稻) in the 1960s. Since then, he has devoted himself to researching and developing new varieties (品种). In 1973, together with other people, he in the development of hybrid rice. This made China a worldwide leader in rice production. this, he was called “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In 1980, the technology (技术) of hybrid rice was to the United States. Many people around the world knew this. Professor Yuan’s hard work, rice is widely grown. China now produces enough rice to her people every year. In his spare time, he loves playing violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads half an hour before he goes to sleep. He likes swimming, too. It is said that Professor Yuan is one of the people in China. Many people learn from him. And he cares about nothing but research. Now Professor Yuan is working on developing super hybrid rice. He goes to the fields twice a day. 16．A．produce B．produces C．produced D．producing 17．A．where B．whom C．which D．who 18．A．success B．succeeded C．failed D．failure 19．A．For B．With C．From D．In 20．A．introduces B．introducing C．introduce D．introduced 21．A．Because of B．Instead of C．In order D．As for 22．A．fed B．feeds C．feed D．feeding 23．A．an B．/ C．the D．a 24．A．poorest B．laziest C．worst D．most careful 25．A．it B．he C．his D．him 【答案】 16．A 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国著名的科学家袁隆平教授，他发展的杂交水稻技术，极大地提高了粮食产量，他一心只做研究，是中国最伟大的人物之一。 16．考查情态动词的用法。句意：他希望种植一种能够高产的新型水稻。A. produce生产（动词原形）；B. produces生产（第三人称单数形式）；C. produced生产（过去式或过去分词）；D. producing生产（现在分词或动名词）。根据“could (能)”可知，此处应用动词原形。故选A。 17．考查定语从句关系词。句意：这个人就是袁隆平，他出生于1930年。A. where关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语；B. whom关系代词，指代人，在定语从句中作宾语；C. which关系代词，指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；D. who谁，关系代词，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，“... was born in 1930”为定语从句，先行词“Yuan Longping”指人，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。故选D。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1973年，他和其他人一起成功研发出了杂交水稻。A. success成功（名词）；B. succeeded成功（动词过去式）；C. failed失败（动词过去式）；D. failure失败（名词）。根据“This made China a worldwide leader in rice production. (这使中国在水稻生产方面处于世界领先地位。)”可知，是成功研发出杂交水稻，“succeed in doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”，且句子时态为一般过去时，应用动词过去式succeeded。故选B。 19．考查介词词义辨析。句意：因为这件事，他被称为“杂交水稻之父”。A. For因为，由于；B. With和……一起，具有；C. From从……；D. In在……里面。根据“This made China a worldwide leader in rice production. (这使中国在水稻生产方面处于世界领先地位。)”可知，他成功研发出杂交水稻使中国在水稻生产方面处于世界领先地位，这里表示因为这件事他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，for有“因为”的含义。故选A。 20．考查被动语态。句意：1980年，杂交水稻技术被引进到美国。A. introduces介绍（第三人称单数形式）；B. introducing介绍（现在分词或动名词）；C. introduce介绍（动词原形）；D. introduced介绍（过去式或过去分词）。“the technology (技术) of hybrid rice (杂交水稻技术)”和“introduce (引进)”之间是被动关系，即技术被引进，被动语态结构为“be + 过去分词”，句中已有was，所以应用过去分词introduced。故选D。 21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于袁教授的努力工作，水稻得以广泛种植。A. Because of因为，由于（后接名词、代词或动名词等）；B. Instead of代替，而不是；C. In order按顺序，整齐；D. As for至于，关于。根据“rice is widely grown (水稻被广泛种植)”可知，是因为袁教授的努力工作才有这样的结果，because of符合语境。故选A。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国现在每年生产足够的大米来养活她的人民。A. fed喂养（过去式或过去分词）；B. feeds喂养（第三人称单数形式）；C. feed喂养（动词原形）；D. feeding喂养（现在分词或动名词）。“enough to do sth.”为固定用法，意为“足够……去做某事”，所以此处应用动词原形feed。故选C。 23．考查冠词词义辨析。句意：在他的业余时间，他喜欢拉小提琴和听音乐。A. an一个（用于元音音素开头的单词前）；B. /零冠词；C. the定冠词；D. a一个（用于辅音音素开头的单词前）。“play the + 乐器名词”为固定搭配，“violin (小提琴)”是乐器，前面应用定冠词the。故选C。 24．考查形容词的最高级。句意：据说袁教授是中国最细心的人之一。A. poorest最贫穷的；B. laziest最懒惰的；C. worst最坏的；D. most careful最细心的。根据“Many people learn from him. (很多人向他学习。)”可知，袁教授应该是有值得人们学习的好品质，“the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，结合选项，most careful符合语境。故选D。 25．考查代词词义辨析。句意：而且他除了他的研究什么都不关心。A. it它（主格或宾格）；B. he他（主格）；C. his他的（形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词）；D. him他（宾格）。此处要修饰名词“research (研究)”，应用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的研究”。故选C。 第四节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 Every scientist dreams of 26 (do) something to help the world. So 27 (do) Tu Youyou, whose research has helped to save millions of lives globally. There is no easy path 28 success. Under 29 (press) of research and a tight schedule, Tu went for a cure for malaria among 30 (tradition) Chinese medicines. She read hundreds of ancient medical texts in search of clues. She also carried out thousands of 31 (experiment) and even tested new drugs on herself. Tu was very strong-willed and self-motivated. However hard the work was, she never gave up hope that a cure was just around the corner. She set 32 example for her team, 33 (lead) and inspiring everyone else in the challenging work. In 2015, Tu Youyou 34 (award) the Nobel Prize and won the respect of the world. As a great scientist, she is never satisfied with her work and is 35 (dedicate) to perfecting the drug she discovered. 【答案】 26．doing 27．does 28．to 29．pressure 30．Traditional 31．experiments 32．an 33．leading 34．was awarded 35．dedicated 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文中介绍屠呦呦在研究如何治疗疟疾过程的艰辛。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：每个科学家梦想做些事帮助世界。dream of doing“梦想做某事”，所以横线上应是动名词doing作宾语。故填doing。 27．考查主谓一致及倒装句。句意：屠呦呦也是，她的研究已经帮助组拯救全球数百万的生命。分析句子可知，此句描述事实，所以应是一般现在时，助动词应与主语“Tu Youyou”保持一致，所以将do变为三单does。故填does。 28．考查介词。句意：成功没有捷径。固定搭配“path to ...”意为“通过……的路”。故填to。 29．考查名词。句意：在研究压力和紧张日程的逼迫下，屠从传统中草药中寻找治疗疟疾的方法。分析句子可知，横线前是介词，所以横线上应是名词，因此将动词press变为名词pressure。故填pressure。 30．考查形容词。句意：在研究压力和紧张日程的逼迫下，屠从传统中草药中寻找治疗疟疾的方法。分析句子可知，横线上应是形容词修饰名词medicines，所以将名词tradition变为形容词traditional。故填traditional。 31．考查名词复数。句意：她还进行了数千次实验，甚至亲自测试了新药。experiment实验（可数名词），横线前有“thousands of (数千)”修饰，所以横线上应是名词复数experiments。故填experiments。 32．考查冠词。句意：她为团队树立了榜样，在充满挑战的工作中引领和激励着每一个人。分析句子可知，横线上泛指一个，“example”元音音素开头，所以应是冠词an。故填an。 33．考查非谓语动词。句意：她为团队树立了榜样，在充满挑战的工作中引领和激励着每一个人。根据and后的“inspiring”可知，横线上应是现在分词leading作状语。故填leading。 34．考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：2015年，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，赢得了全世界的尊重。 award：授予。分析句子可知，“In 2015”体现时态是一般过去时；主语和动词award之间是被动关系，表示“屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖”；主语是单数，所以应是一般过去时的被动语态was+done。故填was awarded。 35．考查形容词。句意：作为一位伟大的科学家，她对自己的工作从不满足，致力于完善她发现的药物。固定短语be dedicated to“致力于，献身于”。故填dedicated。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分25 分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Stephen Hawking, the most famous scientist of his time, died when he was 76 on March 14,2018. He died peacefully on Wednesday at his home in Cambridge, England. Hawking was a physicist. He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe (宇宙) and what black holes are. He got the ALS (渐冻症) in 1963. At that time, doctors said he would only live a few years. But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work. The disease finally put him in a wheel- chair and took away his ability to speak. For many years, Hawking communicated by using a special tool but not in his own voice. His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and made him world-famous. Hawking was also known for his successful re- search on black holes. His work is known as Hawking radiation. In his 2013 book “My Brief History”, Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness, “I felt it was very unfair — why should this happen to me?” He added, “At the time, I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the ability I felt I had.” “But now, my goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is a complete understanding of the universe — what it is and why it is there.” Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel, especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said it would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth. “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. It is time to explore other solar systems. Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth.” he said last year. 36．Stephen Hawking was a great scientist and he ________. A．was born in 1940 in Cambridge B．passed away peacefully in a hospital C．was famous for his travel to the Moon D．made people understand the universe better 37．Paragraph 3 shows that ________. A．Hawking died only a few years after he got the ALS B．doctors played an important role in Hawking’s daily life C．how Hawking’s disease was caused and how he was treated D．Hawking managed to go on with scientific work with the ALS 38．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．running out of the space B．a supporter of space travel C．a common purpose of helping humans D．human space travel to the Moon and Mars 39．The right order of the following events should be ________. a. Hawking got the ALS in 1963. b. Hawking passed away on March 14, 2018. c. Hawking wrote “My Brief History” which is about his illness. d. Hawking wrote “A Brief History of Time” and it made him world-famous. A．a, d, c, b B．a, b, c, d C．b, a, c, d D．d, a, c, b 40．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．Hawking always believed that he would be successful B．Hawking communicated by a special tool in his own voice C．Hawking believed spreading out could help save people on the Earth D．Hawking didn’t become famous until “My Brief History” was published 【答案】36．D 37．D 38．D 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲了著名的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的一生，详细介绍了他与病魔的对抗的经历、他的著作及其一生取得的成就等。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段“He was known worldwide for explaining subjects like the beginnings of the universe and what black holes are. (他因解释宇宙的起源和黑洞是什么而闻名于世)”可知，他的主要成就都在探索宇宙上，使得人们对宇宙有了更好的理解。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段“But he proved them wrong by living for over 50 years more and going on with his scientific work. (但他通过再活50年并继续他的科学研究，证明了他们的错误。)”可知，他带着渐冻症这个病继续进行科研。故选D。 38．词句猜测题。根据第六段“Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel, especially the space travel to the Moon and Mars. He said it would help humans in a common purpose of spreading themselves beyond the Earth. (霍金非常支持人类太空旅行，特别是前往月球和火星的太空旅行。他说，这将有助于人类实现共同目标，即在地球之外传播人类)”可推出it指代上文中出现的到月亮和火星的太空旅行。故选D。 39．细节理解题。根据第一、三、四、五段第一句“Stephen Hawking, the most famous scientist of his time, died when he was 76 on March 14, 2018. (斯蒂芬·霍金是当时最著名的科学家，他于2018年3月14日，76岁去世。)”“He got the ALS in 1963 (他在1963年得了渐冻症”“His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and made him world-famous. (他的1988年出版的《时间简史》成为国际畅销书，使他世界闻名。)”“In his 2013 book “My Brief History”, Hawking wrote about his ideas of the illness (在2013年出版的《我的简史》一书中，霍金写下了他对这种疾病的看法)”可知，事件发生的时间是 a—1963；b—2018；c—2013；d—1988；按时间顺序为 a, d, c, b.故选A。 40．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave the Earth (扩展出去可能是唯一能拯救我们自己的东西。我相信人类需要离开地球)”可知，霍金认为向其他星球扩张能拯救地球人。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A: Have you heard of Thomas Edison, the great inventor? B: 41 A: Really? B: Yes. He was American. He invented a lot of things all his life. 42 A: That’s right. And he was born in 1847, and died in 1931. B: 43 A: Yes, but we can still remember him. B: I hear you also like inventing things. 44 A: Yes, that’s my dream. B: 45 A: Thank you! A．Do you want to be an inventor in the future? B．I hope your dream will come true. C．They all have changed the world. D．Yes, I have learnt about Edison in some books. E．Oh, he has been dead for more than eighty years. 【答案】41．D 42．C 43．E 44．A 45．B 【分析】这是A和B围绕着伟大的发明家爱迪生展开的一段对话。 41．根据上文“Have you heard of Thomas Edison, the great inventor?”询问对方是否听过爱迪生，可知此处要作出回答，D选项“听过，我在一些书中有了解到他”符合语境，故选D。 42．根据前文“He invented a lot of things all his life”提及他有许多发明，可推知此处会进一步介绍这些发明的作用，C选项“它们都改变了这个世界”符合语境，故选C。 43．根据上文“And he was born in 1847, and died in 1931”提及他去世的年份，可推知此处会感叹一下爱迪生去世了多久，E选项“他已经去世有八十多年了”符合语境，故选E。 44．根据前文“I hear you also like inventing things”说对方也喜欢发明，可推知此处是问对方是否也想当发明家，A选项“你将来也想成为一名发明家吗”符合语境，故选A。 45．根据下文“Thank you!”是在道谢，可推知此处是对对方送上了祝福，B选项“我希望你能够梦想成真”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 书面表达（满分20分） 根据所给提示写一篇关于钱学森的短文，需包括所有内容要点，要求语句通顺、意思连贯。词数80左右. 内容要点： 1.钱学森，世界著名科学家，被认为是中国太空技术项目的先驱； 2.1934年毕业于交通大学(Jiaotong University)，1935年到美国深造； 3.1955年从美国回到祖国，对中国航天事业的发展做出了巨大贡献； 4.他是我们所有中国人的骄傲，我们都很钦佩他； 5.你的感想…… ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Qian Xuesen is a great scientist in the world. He is regarded as the pioneer of China’s space technology. In 1934, he graduated from Jiaotong University. Then he went to the USA for further study in 1935. In 1955, he returned to China. He made great contributions to China’s space career. He is the pride of all the Chinese people. We all admire him very much. We can learn many things from him. We should love our country and try our best to make our country more powerful. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文中介绍著名的科学家钱学森的个人信息，最后表达自己的感想。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 被认为：be regarded as→ be considered as 返回：return to→ go back to 许多：many→ lots of 尽某人最大的努力：try one’s best→ do one’s best 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：He is the pride of all the Chinese people. 拓展句：He is the person who is the pride of all the Chinese people. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We should love our country and try our best to make our country more powerful. (运用and连接并列句) 【高分句型2】 He is regarded as the pioneer of China’s space technology. (运用一般现在时的被动语态) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$