工科类阅读（4）人与社会-科学家-专项训练卷 2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》 第79卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是42份知识点训练卷，第二部分是单项选择题、完型填空、阅读理解、职业模块分别作答题和书面表达等48份专项训练卷。第三部分是10份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》的第79卷，是阅读理解部分专项训练卷。按教学标准的掌握要求编写。 2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》第79卷 专项训练卷·工科类阅读（4）人与社会-科学家 考试时间：30分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题5分，共100分） 从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的最佳选项。 （A） On Nov 1, Chinese biologist Yan Ning made headlines (头条新闻) for her decision to return to China. The 45-year-old said that she would leave Princeton University in the US to help set up a new medical academy (研究院), Guangdong, China Daily reported. Yan used to be one of the youngest professors (教授) at Tsinghua University. She has won many prizes for her studies on protein (蛋白质) at home and abroad. Yan is going to help set up the Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation (SMART). It has several functions, including scientific research support more excellent learners and deal with health problems humans are facing. For her, Shenzhen is a lively place where anything is possible. “Shenzhen is the city of dreams, and I want to realize my next dream here.” Yan’s return can be seen as a case of China paying great attention to developing the work of talented people. The country gives good chances, which have made many overseas students and talents return. According to the Ministry of Education, from 1978 to the end of 2022. At the same time, China has taken action to attract (吸引) global talent. At the beginning of this year (政策) to encourage companies to hire (雇佣) high-level foreign experts. 1．Where did Yan Ning work before her return? ________. A．Tsinghua University in China. B．A medical academy in Shenzhen. C．Princeton University in the US. D．Ministry of Science and Technology. 2．What do we know about SMART? ________. A．It only focuses on medical research. B．It will attract overseas talents. C．It will be finished building this year. D．It won fame worldwide. 3．According to the passage, the underlined word “support” may mean ________. A．help B．care C．invite D．organize 4．Yan Ning chose to move to Shenzhen because ________. A．Shenzhen is the richest city in China B．She was born in Shenzhen C．Shenzhen is a lively city D．Shenzhen has more excellent learners 5．What can we infer (推断) from the story? ________. A．Yan Ning’s return didn’t influence many overseas talents. B．Fewer Chinese talents abroad will return to China. C．More Chinese students are studying abroad. D．China has seen an increase in the number of foreign experts. （B） Name: Zhong NanshanAge: 85 From: Jiangsu, China Favorite (最喜欢的) color: red   Family members: wife, a son and a daughter Name: Wang Yaping Age: 41 From: Shandong, China Favorite color: blue and white Family members: husband, a daughter Name: Su BingtianAge: 32 From: Guangdong, China   Favorite color: red   Family members: wife, a son Name: Tu YouyouAge: 91 From: Zhejiang, China Favorite color: green Family members: husband, two daughters 6．How old is Wang Yaping? ________. A．32. B．41. C．85. D．91. 7．Who has two daughters? ________. A．Zhong Nanshan. B．Wang Yaping. C．Su Bingtian. D．Tu Youyou. 8．What’s Su Bingtian’s family name? ________. A．Bingtian. B．Bing. C．Tian. D．Su. 9．What’s Zhong Nanshan’s favorite color? ________. A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．White. 10．Where are they from? ________. A．Shandong. B．Guangdong. C．Zhejiang. D．China. （C） Malaria has been a big problem for humans since ancient times. Usually, people get malaria when infected mosquitoes bite them. Countless people have died from the disease. Luckily, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found an effective drug called qinghaosu. In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug for malaria. Her team took a special approach. They studied books about classical Chinese medicine. After reading more than 2,000 old remedies（药方）, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria. One remedy, which is 1,600 years old, uses sweet wormwood as a treatment. Tu found it worked and tried to extract（提取）the qinghaosu from it to make a drug. The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way. She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and finally succeeded in 1972. After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her coworkers decided to test the drug on themselves before trying it on human patients. It turned out that qinghaosu was safe, and all patients in the test got better. Gradually, qinghaosu became the first-line treatment for malaria recommended by WHO, saving millions of lives around the world. In 2015, when Tu was given the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, she refused to take all of the praise. Instead, she praised her coworkers and Chinese traditional medicine. She once said, “Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.” 11．How many remedies had Tu and her team read before they found the way to treat malaria? ________. A．More than 1,600. B．Over 600. C．More than 2,000. D．Almost 380. 12．What usually caused people to get malaria? ________. A．Dirty water. B．Wrong medicine. C．Polluted water. D．Infected mosquitoes. 13．Where did Tu find a way to solve after the extraction failed at first? ________. A．From different plants. B．From foreign remedies. C．From classical medical books. D．From tests on animals and humans. 14．In the 4th paragraph, what does the underlined word “it” refer to? ________. A．Malaria. B．The drug. C．The monkey. D．The mouse. 15．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? ________. A． B． C． D． （D） Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary surgery(肝胆外科) ”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations(手术) during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would be my greatest happiness if I could work at operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it. In 2015, at the age of 85, she received the Nobel Prize. Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September,1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. The artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life ,but he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 art works in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what happens. 16．What does “deformed his fingers” mean ? ________. A．changed the shape of his finger B．made him feel down C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off 17．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? ________. A．They achieved a lot in the medical world. B．They succeeded in reducing world hunger. C．They are remembered for their happiness. D．They spent all their lives serving people. 18．Which of the following is true according to this passage? ________. A．Vincent Van Gogh sold 2,000 art works and got millions of pounds during his lifetime. B．It took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal. C．Yuan Longping won the Nobel Prize as“ Father of Hybrid Rice”. D．Wu Mengchao was unhappy because he would work at operating table before his death. 19．When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A．felt too tired to stay awake B．didn’t plan to study all medicine C．knew he made a great success D．didn’t fully understand its importance 20．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．the more difficulties, the better B．not everyone can be successful C．great achievements aren’t made naturally D．great hopes make great men 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是42份知识点训练卷，第二部分是单项选择题、完型填空、阅读理解、职业模块分别作答题和书面表达等48份专项训练卷。第三部分是10份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》的第79卷，是阅读理解部分专项训练卷。按教学标准的掌握要求编写。 2026版山西省（对口升学）《英语考纲百套卷》第79卷 专项训练卷·工科类阅读（4）人与社会-科学家 考试时间：30分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 1、 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题5分，共100分） 从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的最佳选项。 （A） On Nov 1, Chinese biologist Yan Ning made headlines (头条新闻) for her decision to return to China. The 45-year-old said that she would leave Princeton University in the US to help set up a new medical academy (研究院), Guangdong, China Daily reported. Yan used to be one of the youngest professors (教授) at Tsinghua University. She has won many prizes for her studies on protein (蛋白质) at home and abroad. Yan is going to help set up the Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation (SMART). It has several functions, including scientific research support more excellent learners and deal with health problems humans are facing. For her, Shenzhen is a lively place where anything is possible. “Shenzhen is the city of dreams, and I want to realize my next dream here.” Yan’s return can be seen as a case of China paying great attention to developing the work of talented people. The country gives good chances, which have made many overseas students and talents return. According to the Ministry of Education, from 1978 to the end of 2022. At the same time, China has taken action to attract (吸引) global talent. At the beginning of this year (政策) to encourage companies to hire (雇佣) high-level foreign experts. 1．Where did Yan Ning work before her return? ________. A．Tsinghua University in China. B．A medical academy in Shenzhen. C．Princeton University in the US. D．Ministry of Science and Technology. 2．What do we know about SMART? ________. A．It only focuses on medical research. B．It will attract overseas talents. C．It will be finished building this year. D．It won fame worldwide. 3．According to the passage, the underlined word “support” may mean ________. A．help B．care C．invite D．organize 4．Yan Ning chose to move to Shenzhen because ________. A．Shenzhen is the richest city in China B．She was born in Shenzhen C．Shenzhen is a lively city D．Shenzhen has more excellent learners 5．What can we infer (推断) from the story? ________. A．Yan Ning’s return didn’t influence many overseas talents. B．Fewer Chinese talents abroad will return to China. C．More Chinese students are studying abroad. D．China has seen an increase in the number of foreign experts. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国生物学家颜宁决定回国这一事件，这体现了中国一直重视人才发展，鼓励海外学子和人才回国发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“The 45-year-old said that she would leave Princeton University in the US to help set up a new medical academy (研究院)”可知，颜宁之前在普林斯顿大学工作，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“The country gives good chances, which have made many overseas students and talents return.”可知，国家提供了很好的机会，这使得许多海外学生和人才回国。由此可知，SMART将吸引海外人才。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“It has several functions, including scientific research support more excellent learners and deal with health problems humans are facing.”可知，它有几个功能，包括科学研究支持更多优秀的学习者和处理人类面临的健康问题。此处support的意思是“支持”，与“help帮助”语意相近。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“For her, Shenzhen is a lively place where anything is possible.”可知，对她来说，深圳是一个充满活力的地方，在这里一切皆有可能。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“The country gives good chances, which have made many overseas students and talents return. According to the Ministry of Education, from 1978 to the end of 2022. At the same time, China has taken action to attract (吸引) global talent. At the beginning of this year (政策) to encourage companies to hire (雇佣) high-level foreign experts.”可知，国家提供了很好的机会，这使得许多海外学生和人才回国。与此同时，中国已采取行动吸引全球人才。今年年初鼓励企业聘请高水平外国专家。由此可知，中国的外国专家数量会有所增加。故选D。 （B） Name: Zhong NanshanAge: 85 From: Jiangsu, China Favorite (最喜欢的) color: red   Family members: wife, a son and a daughter Name: Wang Yaping Age: 41 From: Shandong, China Favorite color: blue and white Family members: husband, a daughter Name: Su BingtianAge: 32 From: Guangdong, China   Favorite color: red   Family members: wife, a son Name: Tu YouyouAge: 91 From: Zhejiang, China Favorite color: green Family members: husband, two daughters 6．How old is Wang Yaping? ________. A．32. B．41. C．85. D．91. 7．Who has two daughters? ________. A．Zhong Nanshan. B．Wang Yaping. C．Su Bingtian. D．Tu Youyou. 8．What’s Su Bingtian’s family name? ________. A．Bingtian. B．Bing. C．Tian. D．Su. 9．What’s Zhong Nanshan’s favorite color? ________. A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．White. 10．Where are they from? ________. A．Shandong. B．Guangdong. C．Zhejiang. D．China. 【答案】6．B 7．D 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了四位在各领域有特殊贡献的人物，他们是钟南山、王亚平、苏炳添和屠呦呦。 6．细节理解题。根据“Age: 41”可知，王亚平41岁。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“Family members: husband, two daughters”可知，屠呦呦有两个女儿。故选D。 8．细节理解题。family name意为“姓氏”，根据“Name: Su Bingtian”可知，苏炳添的姓氏为苏。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据“Favorite color: red”可知，钟南山最喜欢的颜色是红色。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据“From: Jiangsu, China”，“From: Shandong, China”，“From: Guangdong, China”和“From: Zhejiang, China”可知，四个人均来自中国。故选D， （C） Malaria has been a big problem for humans since ancient times. Usually, people get malaria when infected mosquitoes bite them. Countless people have died from the disease. Luckily, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found an effective drug called qinghaosu. In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug for malaria. Her team took a special approach. They studied books about classical Chinese medicine. After reading more than 2,000 old remedies（药方）, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria. One remedy, which is 1,600 years old, uses sweet wormwood as a treatment. Tu found it worked and tried to extract（提取）the qinghaosu from it to make a drug. The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way. She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and finally succeeded in 1972. After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her coworkers decided to test the drug on themselves before trying it on human patients. It turned out that qinghaosu was safe, and all patients in the test got better. Gradually, qinghaosu became the first-line treatment for malaria recommended by WHO, saving millions of lives around the world. In 2015, when Tu was given the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, she refused to take all of the praise. Instead, she praised her coworkers and Chinese traditional medicine. She once said, “Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.” 11．How many remedies had Tu and her team read before they found the way to treat malaria? ________. A．More than 1,600. B．Over 600. C．More than 2,000. D．Almost 380. 12．What usually caused people to get malaria? ________. A．Dirty water. B．Wrong medicine. C．Polluted water. D．Infected mosquitoes. 13．Where did Tu find a way to solve after the extraction failed at first? ________. A．From different plants. B．From foreign remedies. C．From classical medical books. D．From tests on animals and humans. 14．In the 4th paragraph, what does the underlined word “it” refer to? ________. A．Malaria. B．The drug. C．The monkey. D．The mouse. 15．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? ________. A． B． C． D． 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国科学家屠呦呦及其团队发现并成功提取青蒿素，且经过试验证实青蒿素可用于治疗疟疾的过程。在2015年，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 11．细节理解题。根据“After reading more than 2,000 old remedies（药方）, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria.”可知，在阅读了2000多种古老的药方后，屠和她的团队收集了600多种植物，列出了近380种治疗疟疾的可行性方法。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据“Usually, people get malaria when infected mosquitoes bite them.”可知，通常，人们被受感染的蚊子叮咬时，会感染疟疾。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据“The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way.”可知，起初提取失败后，屠呦呦又重返到古典书籍中，并最终找到了一种可以成功提取青蒿素的方法，所以屠呦呦是从古典药籍中找到了可以成功提取青蒿素的方法。故选C。 14．词义猜测题。根据“After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her coworkers decided to test the drug on themselves before trying it on human patients.”可知，在她的团队证明青蒿素可以在老鼠和猴子身上治疗疟疾后，屠呦呦和她的两位同事决定先在自己身上测验这种药物，然后再在人类患者上使用该药物，所以划线单词it指代的是前文的the drug。故选B。 15．篇章结构题。第一段的大意为疟疾致死率高，但幸运的是中国科学家屠呦呦找到了一种能治疗疟疾的有效药物——青蒿素；第二段、第三段及第四段均为讲述屠呦呦及其团队发现并成功提取青蒿素，将青蒿素用于治疗疟疾病人，挽救了世界上数百万人的生命的过程；第五段的大意为屠呦呦在2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，她将这奖项归于同事及中国传统医学，所以文章的最佳结构为选项A。故选A。 （D） Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary surgery(肝胆外科) ”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations(手术) during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would be my greatest happiness if I could work at operating table until my dying day.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it. In 2015, at the age of 85, she received the Nobel Prize. Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September,1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” Some people only became successful after their deaths. The artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life ,but he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 art works in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what happens. 16．What does “deformed his fingers” mean ? ________. A．changed the shape of his finger B．made him feel down C．gave him too much pressure D．got his fingers cut off 17．What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common? ________. A．They achieved a lot in the medical world. B．They succeeded in reducing world hunger. C．They are remembered for their happiness. D．They spent all their lives serving people. 18．Which of the following is true according to this passage? ________. A．Vincent Van Gogh sold 2,000 art works and got millions of pounds during his lifetime. B．It took Tu Youyou’s team about 3 years to reach their goal. C．Yuan Longping won the Nobel Prize as“ Father of Hybrid Rice”. D．Wu Mengchao was unhappy because he would work at operating table before his death. 19．When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A．felt too tired to stay awake B．didn’t plan to study all medicine C．knew he made a great success D．didn’t fully understand its importance 20．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．the more difficulties, the better B．not everyone can be successful C．great achievements aren’t made naturally D．great hopes make great men 【答案】16．A 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了几位伟人的事迹，从他们身上，我们可以知道他们都有一个共同点，那就是无论发生什么，他们一直坚持自己的目标。 16．词句猜测题。根据“Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time…”可以猜测，长时间握手术刀导致他的手指变形了。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据“Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population.”以及“Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary surgery”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years.”可推知，他们一生都在为人民服务。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria, …”以及“Finally, in 1972, they made it.”可推知，屠呦呦他们花了三年的时间才达到他们的目标。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic.”可知，他没有意识到他发现的世界上第一种抗生素重要到可以给所有医药带来变革，也就是没有意识到其重要性。故选D。 20．主旨大意题。根据“You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily.”以及“One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what happens.”可知，本文主要通过介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$