Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Grammar Focus语法聚焦课件- 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Section A What can you do for your home? Grammar Focus 3a-3c 教学目标 通过语法表格，引导学生掌握表示提出请求与请求许可方面的句型； 引导与培养学生如何有礼貌地提出请求与得到相应的答复。 引导学生掌握can/could情态动词其他方面的用法。 引导学生进行不同情景练习，加强语法记忆巩固。选择适合的学习策略，如多观察，多反思；多记笔记，多背诵等。 1 Grammar Focus Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. 3a Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, Dad. I’ll do it at once. Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. Can I put some flowers on the table? Yes, good idea! Can you help me hang up the photos? Sure. / No problem! 861b240d-cd4e-4b4b-87c2-161e8c2fa4ea.source.default.zh-Hans 3 Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. 3a Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, Dad. I’ll do it at once. Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. Can I put some flowers on the table? Yes, good idea! Can you help me hang up the photos? Sure. / No problem! Make polite requests Ask for permission Make polite requests Ask for permission 861b240d-cd4e-4b4b-87c2-161e8c2fa4ea.source.default.zh-Hans 4 总结 提出 要求 Can you help me hang up the photos? Could you please sweep the floor? 用于请求别人做某事 请求 允许 Can I put some flowers on the table? Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? 用于请求别人允许自己做某事 Make polite requests Ask for permission Could I go out for dinner with my friends? Sure, that should be OK. Could we get something to drink after the movie? No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow. Could you please take the dog for a walk? OK, but I want to watch one show first. Could you please take out the rubbish? Yes, sure. Make polite requests Ask for permission Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. a. Yes, here you are. b. Hmm. How much do you need? c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night. d. Yes, but don’t come back too late. e. No, I can’t. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. Write R for requests and P for permission. Then match each one with the correct response. 1. ___ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 2. ___ Could you please pass me the salt? 3. ___ Could I borrow that book? 4. ___ Could you help me do the dishes? 5. ___ Could you lend me some money? P P R R R 出去玩 Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. 3a Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, Dad. I’ll do it at once. Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. Can I put some flowers on the table? Yes, good idea! Can you help me hang up the photos? Sure. / No problem! 861b240d-cd4e-4b4b-87c2-161e8c2fa4ea.source.default.zh-Hans 8 could can 的过去时 礼貌请求 请求许可 提出建议 推测 I could run fast when I was a child. Could you help me? You could talk to your teacher now. He couldn’t be at the school then. 2 grammar 1. 表示能力 Can you speak French? 你会说法语吗？ She could sing very well when she was young. 她年轻的时候歌唱得很好。 I could swim like a fish at the age of five. 我五岁时游泳游得像条鱼一样好。 （could 是can的过去式） 2. could表示请求，语气委婉，显得有礼貌 Could you please clean your room? 你可以打扫你的房间吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, I can. / Yes, sure. /OK./Certainly./Of course./With pleasure. /No problem./Yes, sure. 否定回答： Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework. 对不起，我得做作业。 Sorry, I can’t. I have to… / I’m afraid not. / I’m afraid I can’t. I am going to… 在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，我们常用could代替can， 以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，而can 则不具有这些语气。 这样用时，不能把could 看作为can 的过去式。 2. could 表示请求许可，希望得到允许。 Could I go to the movies? 肯定回答：Yes, you can. / Yes, sure. /Yes, certainly. / Yes, please. 否定回答：No, you can’t. Sorry, you can’t. / I’m afraid you can’t. 注意 使用 could只是让请求更礼貌，回答时通常不用 could而用 can。 3. 提出建议: could与can的区别 could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同。 can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合； Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？ 用 can 提出直接建议（常用于口语，语气较随意） We can eat in a restaurant this evening. 今晚我们可以在餐馆吃饭。 could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。 —Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? —Sure. —请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？—当然可以。 用 could 提出委婉建议（语气更礼貌、含蓄，适合正式或陌生场景） Maybe I could give you a lift / ride to the supermarket. 也许我可以让你搭我的车去超市。 You could try reading the instructions before using. 你可以试着在用前先读一下说明书。 4. could与can表示推测 肯定句中的推测： can 通常不用于肯定句表示推测，会显得不自然。 He can be at home now. 不自然 He could/may/might be at home now. 他可能在家。 could 可以用于肯定句，表示不太确定的推测 ≈ may/might。 She could be lying. 她可能在撒谎。 It could rain later. 稍后可能会下雨。 否定句中的推测： can't 和 couldn't 都可用于否定句，但语气不同： couldn't语气更弱，表示"不太可能"， can't不可能 。 She couldn't be the thief—she was with me all day.  她不可能是小偷，她一整天都和我在一起。 情境 can could 肯定推测 不自然 可能≈may/might 否定推测 can't不可能 couldn't不太可能 疑问推测 直接 更委婉 过去推测 仅限否定 can't havedone could have done 可能做过 3 Exercise Choose the best question to complete each conversation. 3b A. Could you give me a ride to town now? B. Can I stay out until eleven? C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet? D. Could I use your computer? A: ______________________________ B: Of course you can. A: ______________________________ B: Yes, if you are careful with it. A: ______________________________ B: No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow, remember? You need a good rest. A: Can I go to the movies? B: Of course. A:_____________________________ B: I can’t. I have to do some work now. C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet? D. Could I use your computer? B. Can I stay out until eleven? A. Could you give me a ride to town now? /ənˈtɪl/ prep. 到……时；直到……为止 861b240d-cd4e-4b4b-87c2-161e8c2fa4ea.source.default.zh-Hans 18 1. You’re at your friend’s home. You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. _______________________________________________________________________ 2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went to an English class and took notes. You want to know more about the class. _______________________________________________________________________ 3. You are holding a large box. It is difficult to open the door. Your neighbour comes. _______________________________________________________________________ 4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the community. Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could. 3c A: Can / Could I use your phone? B: Sure. / Of course. A: Can / Could I borrow your notes? B: Of course. Here are my notes. A: Can / Could you help me open the door? B: Sure. / Of course. A: Can / Could you bring gloves and rubbish bags for cleaning up the community? B: Sure. / Of course. /ded/ adj. 不运行的；死的 take notes 做笔记 清扫 /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区；社团 rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾 Child: Mom, could you help me open this jar? Parent: Sure! Can you twist it first? Child: I tried, but I can’t. Parent: Okay, could you hold it steady while I open it? Child: Yes! Can we have cookies after? Parent: If you can put the jar away, then yes! Think about one setting in your daily life, then make a conversation using can or could， A: Excuse me, could you help me find a mystery book? B: Sure! Can you see this section here? A: Yes. Could I borrow one without a library card? B: No, but you can sign up now. A: Great! Could you help me? B: Of course. Can you fill this form first? A: Yes, I can. Thanks! Think about one setting in your daily life, then make a conversation using can or could， Why should we use more polite expressions in our daily lives? That's a great point! Using polite expressions in our daily lives has many benefits, including: Show good manners Builds Positive Relationships  Creates a Positive Atmosphere 3 1 4 Avoid conflicts 2 Summary New words until; movie; dead; note; community; rubbish make polite requests and ask for permission Grammar Expressions be careful with; the movies; take notes; clean up Make polite requests: 用于请求别人做某事 Ask for permission: 用于请求别人允许自己做某事 1. My car is broken. _______you please give me a lift? A. Must B. Need C. Should D. Could D 2. — Could you please help me look after my pet dog? I will be away for about two weeks. — ________! I will take good care of it. A. With pleasure B. You are kidding C. No way A 3. —_______ you please take the dog for a walk? — OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. May 4. — Mum, it's too hot. _______I swim in the lake with my friends? — No, you ______. That's too dangerous! A. Could；mustn't B. Need；couldn't C. Must；needn't D. Should；can't C A 5. —_______ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself. —No problem. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need 6. —Could you please do the dishes? —________. I cut my finger and I'm trying not to get it wet. A. Yes, sure B. No problem C. Sorry, I'm afraid I can't D. That would be fine A C a. Yes, here you are. b. Hmm. How much do you need? c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night. d. Yes, but don’t come back too late. e. No, I can’t. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet. Write R for requests and P for permission. Then match each one with the correct response. 1. ___ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 2. ___ Could you please pass me the salt? 3. ___ Could I borrow that book? 4. ___ Could you help me do the dishes? 5. ___ Could you lend me some money? P P R R R 出去玩 I. 根据语境或提示完成下列各题，每空一词（含缩略形式）。 1. —Lily, could you pass the paper to me? —_______, _______. Here you are. 2. —Could we go to the zoo this weekend? —_______ _______. But you have to finish your homework first. 3. —Could you help me do some housework? —______________, _______ _______. I’m a little tired now. Yes sure Of course / No problem Sorry / No I can’t 4. —Could I borrow your bike this afternoon? —_____________, _______ _______. My bike is broken. 5. —Sir, we are watching the movie. Could you please _______ _______(talk) on the phone here? —Oh, sorry, I won’t do that. Sorry / No you can’t not talk Ⅱ. 根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的情态动词，使对话完整、通顺。 A: Hey, Jimmy! (1)____________ you take the dog for a walk now? B: Sorry, I (2)_______, Kate! I’m busy. I have no time to do that. A: What are you doing? B: I’m busy drawing a picture. I (3)_____________ hand it in (上交) tomorrow. Could / Can can’t  must / have to A: (4)____________ I have a look at it? B: No problem. A: Mm, it looks nice. By the way, (5)___________ I use your computer? I need to look up some information for my homework, but my computer doesn’t work. B: Of course you (6)_______. Remember to turn it off after you use it. A: OK, I will. Could / Can could / can can 1. Make a conversation between your mother and you, using the sentence pattern “Could you please …? Could I …?” 2. Preview the new words and expressions. $$