内容正文:
七年级下册译林版Unit 2 Neighbourhood知识点总结及训练
一、单词默写
序号
释义
英文
序号
释义
英文
1
邻居(英式)
2
社区
3
帮助者
4
志愿者;自愿做
5
问题
6
会议;集会
7
通知;注意到
8
信息
9
在……下面
10
在……上面
11
破碎的;损坏的
12
检查;核实
13
修理;安装
14
任何人
15
工程师
16
学院;大学
17
生病的
18
年纪较长的;长辈
19
孤独的
20
等待
21
将来;未来的
22
技能;技巧
23
地区;区域
24
当地的;本地的
25
邮递员
二、短语默写
序号
中文
英文
序号
中文
英文
1
住在一个社区
2
在某事上帮助某人
3
准备好做某事
4
在周末(英式)
5
在将来
6
社区中心
7
志愿者小组
8
聚会;见面
9
捎口信
10
检查;核实
11
修理一辆坏了的自行车
12
老年人
13
病人
14
当地文化
15
公共服务
16
等待
17
分享技能
18
兴趣领域
19
计划一日游
20
靠近;接近
三、重点句子默写
序号
释义
英文
1
你的社区是什么样的?很安静,住着很多友善的人。
2
我们社区有很多志愿者,他们乐于助人。
3
我的邻居是个出色的工程师,他经常帮我修坏了的自行车。
4
如果你有任何问题,可以向社区中心求助。
5
下面的通知告诉我们即将召开的志愿者会议的信息。
6
我们社区的老年人有时会感到孤独,所以我们经常去看望他们。
7
下周日将有一场志愿者活动。
8
他打算明天去社区中心帮忙。
四、默写答案
(一)单词答案
序号
英文
序号
英文
1
neighbour
2
community
3
helper
4
volunteer
5
problem
6
meeting
7
notice
8
information
9
below
10
above
11
broken
12
check
13
fix
14
anyone
15
engineer
16
college
17
sick
18
elder
19
lonely
20
wait
21
future
22
skill
23
area
24
local
25
postman
(二)短语答案
序号
中文
英文
序号
中文
英文
1
住在一个社区
live in a neighbourhood
2
在某事上帮助某人
help sb. with sth.
3
准备好做某事
be ready to do sth.
4
在周末(英式)
at the weekend
5
在将来
in the future
6
社区中心
community center
7
志愿者小组
volunteer group
8
聚会;见面
meet up
9
捎口信
take a message
10
检查;核实
check out
11
修理一辆坏了的自行车
fix a broken bike
12
老年人
elderly people
13
病人
sick people
14
当地文化
local culture
15
公共服务
public service
16
等待
wait for
17
分享技能
share skills
18
兴趣领域
area of interest
19
计划一日游
plan a day out
20
靠近;接近
close to
(三)重点句子答案
序号
英文
1
—What’s your neighbourhood like? —It’s quiet and full of nice people.
2
There are many volunteers in our community who are ready to help.
3
My neighbour is a good engineer, and he often fixes my broken bike.
4
If you have any problems, you can ask the community center for help.
5
The notice below tells us about the coming volunteer meeting.
6
Elderly people in our neighbourhood sometimes feel lonely, so we visit them often.
7
There will be a volunteer activity next Sunday.
8
He is going to help at the community center tomorrow.
五、知识点详细讲解
(一)重点词汇用法
1. volunteer
· 含义:名词,意为“志愿者”;动词,意为“自愿做”。
· 用法:作动词时,“volunteer to do sth.”表示“自愿做某事”,如“She volunteers to help the elderly.(她自愿帮助老年人。)”
· 拓展:形容词形式为“voluntary(自愿的)”,如“voluntary work(志愿工作)”。
2. fix
· 含义:动词,意为“修理;安装”,近义词为“repair”。
· 用法:“fix sth. for sb.”表示“为某人修理某物”,如“He fixed my watch for me.(他帮我修了手表。)”
· 拓展:形容词形式为“fixed(固定的)”,如“a fixed time(固定时间)”。
3. elderly
· 含义:形容词,意为“上了年纪的”,委婉说法,对应“elderly people(老年人)”。
· 辨析:与“old”相比,“elderly”更礼貌,如“We should respect elderly people.(我们应该尊重老年人。)”
4. lonely
· 含义:形容词,意为“孤独的”,强调主观感受。
· 辨析:与“alone(独自的,客观状态)”不同,如“He lives alone but never feels lonely.(他独自生活但从不感到孤独。)”
5. 一般将来时相关词汇
· “tomorrow(明天)”“next week(下周)”“in the future(将来)”等时间状语常与一般将来时连用,如“We will have a meeting next week.(我们下周将有一个会议。)”
(二)核心短语解析
1. be ready to do sth. / help sb. with sth.
· “be ready to do sth.”意为“准备好做某事”,如“They are ready to start.(他们准备好开始了。)”
· “help sb. with sth.”意为“在某事上帮助某人”,如“I help my mum with housework.(我帮妈妈做家务。)”
2. ask for help / check out
· “ask for help”意为“求助”,如“You can ask for help when in trouble.(遇到困难时你可以求助。)”
· “check out”意为“检查;核实”,如“Please check out the information.(请核实信息。)”
3. in the future / at the weekend
· “in the future”意为“在将来”,如“I want to be a doctor in the future.(我将来想当医生。)”
· “at the weekend”意为“在周末”(英式),美式为“at weekends”,如“We often go shopping at the weekend.(我们周末经常去购物。)”
(三)关键句型讲解
1. What’s...like?
· 句型:用于询问某人/某物的特征,意为“……是什么样的?”
· 例句:—What’s your neighbourhood like? —It’s clean and friendly.(—你的社区是什么样的?—很干净,邻里很友善。)
2. There be句型的一般将来时
· 结构:“There will be + 主语 + 地点”或“There is/are going to be + 主语 + 地点”,表示“某地将有某物”。
· 例句:There will be a meeting in the community center.(社区中心将有一个会议。)There are going to be two parties next month.(下个月将有两场派对。)
3. if引导的条件状语从句
· 用法:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(主将从现)。
· 例句:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)
(四)语法聚焦:一般将来时
1. 基本结构
· 肯定句:主语 + will / shall + 动词原形(shall用于第一人称,will可用于所有人称),如“I will go to the community center.(我将去社区中心。)”
· 否定句:主语 + will not(won’t) / shall not(shan’t) + 动词原形,如“He won’t come.(他不会来。)”
· 疑问句:Will / Shall + 主语 + 动词原形?如“Will you join us?(你会加入我们吗?)”
2. be going to + 动词原形
· 用法:表示计划、打算做某事,或根据迹象推测即将发生的事。
· 例句:She is going to visit her grandma.(她打算去看望奶奶。)Look at the clouds—it’s going to rain.(看那些云——要下雨了。)
3. 与现在进行时表将来的区别
· 位置转移类动词(go, come, leave等)的现在进行时可表计划中的将来,如“He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.(他明天要去北京。)”
· 一般将来时“will”侧重临时决定,如—I forgot to bring a pen. —I will lend you one.(—我忘带笔了。—我借你一支。)
六、配套基础习题
(一)词汇填空(根据首字母提示写单词)
1. We need some v______ to help with the community activity.
2. My bike is broken. Can you f______ it for me?
3. The e______ man lives alone in the old house.
4. There will be a m______ about volunteer work this Friday.
5. I often feel l______ when my parents are away.
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. They ______(have)a party in the community center next week.
2. My neighbour ______(fix)my computer yesterday.
3. There ______(be)a football match in our school tomorrow.
4. She is ready ______(help)others in need.
5. ______(someone)knows his name. He is new here.
(三)单项选择
1. There ______ a volunteer meeting this weekend.
A. is going to have B. will be C. will have D. is
2. —What ______ you ______ tomorrow?
—I ______ to the community center.
A. will;do;go B. are;going to do;am going
C. do;do;go D. are;doing;am going
3. She often helps elderly people ______ their shopping.
A. with B. for C. to D. in
4. The notice says there ______ a “helping hands” day next month.
A. is going to be B. is going to have
C. will have D. shall be
5. —I need someone to help me carry the box.
— I ______ you.
A. help B. will help C. am helping D. helped
(四)句型转换
1. They will have a meeting on Sunday.(改为否定句)
They ______ ______ a meeting on Sunday.
2. She is going to fix the broken chair.(改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ ______ fix the broken chair?
3. There will be a party in our community.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ a party?
4. He helps me with my English every day.(用tomorrow改写)
He ______ ______ me with my English tomorrow.
5. If it is fine tomorrow, we will go out.(改为同义句)
If it ______ fine tomorrow, we ______ go out.
七、习题答案
(一)词汇填空
1. volunteers(需要志愿者帮助社区活动)
2. fix(修理自行车)
3. elderly(上了年纪的人)
4. meeting(关于志愿工作的会议)
5. lonely(父母不在时感到孤独)
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. will have(next week提示用一般将来时)
2. fixed(yesterday提示用一般过去时)
3. will be(tomorrow提示用there be的一般将来时)
4. to help(be ready to do sth.固定搭配)
5. No one(没人知道他的名字,他是新来的)
(三)单项选择
1. B(there be的一般将来时用will be或is/are going to be)
2. B( tomorrow提示用一般将来时,be going to表计划)
3. A(help sb. with sth.固定搭配)
4. A(there be的一般将来时,a “helping hands” day为单数)
5. B(临时决定用will)
(四)句型转换
1. won’t have(will的否定式为won’t)
2. Is;going to(be going to的一般疑问句将be提前)
3. Where will there be(对地点提问用where)
4. will help(tomorrow提示用一般将来时)
5. is;will(if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时)
八、语法聚焦:一般将来时专项拓展
(一)四种表达形式对比
形式
结构
适用场景
例句
will + 动词原形
主语 + will + do
1. 临时决定 2. 客观将来 3. 承诺或预测
- I forgot my umbrella. I will go back to get it.(临时决定) - Tomorrow will be Monday.(客观将来)
shall + 动词原形
主语(I/we) + shall + do
第一人称的将来(英式用法,美式常用will)
We shall meet at the community center.(我们将在社区中心见面。)
be going to + 动词原形
主语 + am/is/are + going to + do
1. 计划或打算做某事 2. 根据迹象推测即将发生
- They are going to hold a volunteer day.(计划) - Look at the dark clouds—it's going to rain.(推测)
现在进行时表将来
主语 + am/is/are + doing(限位置转移动词)
计划中的位移动作(go, come, leave等)
The engineer is coming to fix the machine.(工程师要来修机器了。)
一般现在时表将来
主语 + do/does(限特定动词)
按时间表/规定发生的动作(start, end等)
The community meeting starts at 3 p.m.(社区会议下午3点开始。)
(二)there be句型的一般将来时
1. 结构:
· There will be + 主语 + 地点
· There is/are going to be + 主语 + 地点
(遵循“就近原则”,be动词单复数由最近的主语决定)
2. 例句:
· There will be a new park in our neighbourhood.(我们社区将有一个新公园。)
· There are going to be two talks on health next week.(下周将有两场健康讲座。)
3. 误区:不可与“have”连用,如错误表达“There will have a party.”,正确为“There will be a party.”
(三)“will”与“be going to”的核心区别
对比维度
will
be going to
主观意图
无计划,临时决定
有计划,打算做
推测依据
无明显迹象,单纯预测
有客观迹象,根据现有情况推断
例句
—The phone is ringing. —I will answer it.(临时决定接电话)
—The phone is ringing. —He is going to answer it.(看到他起身,推测他要接)
九、配套语法习题(一般将来时专项)
(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The volunteers ______(clean)the park tomorrow morning.
2. There ______(be)a "helping hands" meeting this weekend, isn't there?
3. If she ______(have)time, she ______(visit)the elderly.
4. Look! The postman ______(come)—he has our letters.
5. The community center ______(open)at 8 a.m. every day.
(二)单项选择
6. —What ______ you ______ next Friday?
—I ______ to the local college for a course.
A. do;do;go B. will;do;will go
C. are;doing;am going D. are;going to do;go
7. There ______ a fashion show in our neighbourhood next month.
A. will have B. is going to have
C. is going to be D. are going to be
8. —The fridge is empty.
—Don't worry. I ______ some food after work.
A. buy B. am buying C. will buy D. am going to buy
9. The weather report says it ______ sunny tomorrow.
A. is B. will be C. is going to be D. was
10. —______ the engineer ______ your computer this afternoon?
—Yes, he promised.
A. Will;fix B. Is;going to fix
C. Does;fix D. Did;fix
(三)句型转换
1. They will hold a charity sale in the community.(改为否定句)
They ______ ______ a charity sale in the community.
2. The students are going to plant trees next week.(改为一般疑问句)
______ the students ______ ______ plant trees next week?
3. There will be a new library in our area.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ a new library?
4. We shall meet at the gate at 9 a.m.(改为同义句)
We ______ ______ at the gate at 9 a.m.
5. She is going to learn first aid because she wants to help others.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ she ______ ______ learn first aid?
十、习题答案及解析
(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. will clean / are going to clean(tomorrow morning提示将来时,可表计划或单纯将来)
2. is going to be(反意疑问句“isn't there”提示用is going to be)
3. has;will visit(if条件句“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时)
4. is coming(现在进行时表计划中的将来,come为位移动词)
5. opens(一般现在时表按规定发生的动作,每天早上8点开门)
(二)单项选择
1. B(next Friday提示将来时,will do表单纯将来,符合语境)
2. C(there be句型将来时,a fashion show为单数,用is going to be)
3. C(冰箱空了是临时情况,用will表临时决定买食物)
4. B(天气预报的客观预测,用will be)
5. A(this afternoon表将来,“he promised”提示是承诺,用will)
(三)句型转换
1. won't hold(will的否定式为won't)
2. Are;going to(be going to的一般疑问句将be动词提前)
3. Where will there be(对地点提问用where,保留there be结构)
4. will meet(shall与will可互换,用于第一人称)
5. Why is;going to(对原因提问用why,保留be going to结构)
十一、阅读理解与书面表达(结合一般将来时)
(一)阅读理解
Our community is planning a "Neighbours' Day" next month. Here are the plans:
· Morning: Volunteers will help clean the streets and fix broken bikes for free.
· Afternoon: There will be a talent show in the community center. Anyone can join—you can sing, dance or tell stories.
· Evening: We are going to have a big dinner together in the park. Bring your favourite food and share it!
1. When will "Neighbours' Day" be?
A. This week. B. Next month. C. Tomorrow. D. Next year.
2. What will volunteers do in the morning?
A. Have a dinner. B. Join a talent show.
C. Clean streets and fix bikes. D. Tell stories.
3. Where will the dinner be?
A. In the community center. B. In the park.
C. At school. D. In a restaurant.
答案:1. B 2. C 3. B(解析:根据文中将来时表达“next month”“will help”“are going to have”定位信息)
(二)书面表达
假设你是社区志愿者,写一则通知,告知邻居们本周末的志愿活动计划,内容包括:
1. 活动时间(周六上午9点)和地点(社区广场);
2. 活动内容(帮助老人购物、打扫公共区域);
3. 呼吁大家参加。
范文:
Notice
Dear neighbours,
There will be a volunteer activity in our community square at 9 a.m. this Saturday. We are going to help elderly people do shopping and clean the public areas. It will be a great chance to know each other and make our neighbourhood better.
Please join us!
Community Center
Friday
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