内容正文:
人教版2019必修第一册Unit 2 Travelling Around知识点总结及训练
一、单词默写
序号
释义
英文
序号
释义
英文
1
申请;请求;应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)
2
令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的
3
安排;筹备
4
辨别出;承认;认可
5
住处;停留处;膳宿
6
钦佩;赞赏
7
联络;联系;联系;接触
8
细节;详情;细微之处
9
极其;非常
10
(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求
11
视野;景色;看法
12
景象;视野;视力
13
经济(上)的;经济学的
14
文明;文明世界
15
唯一的;独特的;特有的
二、短语默写
序号
中文
英文
序号
中文
英文
1
申请
2
控制;接管
3
迫不及待地做某事
4
除……以外
5
构成;形成
6
(在旅馆、机场等)登记
7
鼓励某人做某事
8
浏览
9
探索热带雨林
10
是……特有的
三、重点句子默写
序号
释义
英文
1
正是由于这个原因,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
2
当你沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新公路驾驶一天时,欣赏美丽的乡村风光。
3
下面是两篇关于秘鲁的文章。
4
我迫不及待地想探索这个美丽的国家。
5
他申请了一份在旅行社的工作。
四、默写答案
(一)单词答案
序号
英文
序号
英文
1
apply
2
amazing
3
arrangement
4
recognize
5
accommodation
6
admire
7
contact
8
detail
9
extremely
10
request
11
view
12
sight
13
economic
14
civilization
15
unique
(二)短语答案
序号
中文
英文
序号
中文
英文
1
申请
apply for
2
控制;接管
take control of
3
迫不及待地做某事
can't wait to do sth.
4
除……以外
apart from
5
构成;形成
make up
6
(在旅馆、机场等)登记
check in
7
鼓励某人做某事
inspire sb to do sth
8
浏览
look through
9
探索热带雨林
explore the rainforest
10
是……特有的
be unique to
(三)重点句子答案
序号
英文
1
It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
2
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
3
Below are two texts about Peru.
4
I can't wait to explore this beautiful country.
5
He applied for a job in a travel agency.
五、知识点详细讲解
(一)重点词汇用法
1. apply
· 含义:动词,意为“申请;请求;应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)”。
· 用法:
· “apply for...”表示“申请……”,如“She applied for a scholarship.(她申请了奖学金。)”
· “apply...to...”表示“把……运用到……中;把……涂到……上”,如“We should apply theory to practice.(我们应该把理论应用到实践中。)”
· “apply oneself to...”表示“致力于;集中精力于”,如“He applied himself to his study.(他专心于学习。)”
· 拓展:名词形式为“application(申请;申请书)”,“applicant(申请人)”。
2. recognize
· 含义:动词,意为“辨别出;承认;认可”。
· 用法:
· “recognize sb./sth.”表示“认出某人;识别出某物”,如“I recognized her voice.(我认出了她的声音。)”
· “recognize...as/to be...”表示“承认……是;认出……是”,如“We recognize him as a great leader.(我们承认他是一位伟大的领袖。)”
· “It is recognized that...”表示“人们公认……”,如“It is recognized that education is important.(人们公认教育很重要。)”
· 拓展:名词形式为“recognition(认出;认识)”,“beyond recognition”表示“认不出来”。
3. admire
· 含义:动词,意为“钦佩;赞赏;欣赏;观赏”。
· 用法:“admire sb. for (doing) sth.”表示“因(做)某事羡慕某人”,如“I admire her for her courage.(我钦佩她的勇气。)”
· 拓展:名词形式为“admiration(钦佩;赞美)”,形容词形式为“admirable(令人钦佩的)”。
4. request
· 含义:名词,意为“(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求”;动词,意为“(正式或礼貌地)要求;请求”。
· 用法:
· 作动词时,“request sb. to do sth.”表示“请求某人做某事”,“request that...(should) do sth.”表示“要求/请求……做某事”(从句用虚拟语气),如“He requested me to help him.(他请求我帮助他。)They requested that the meeting (should) be postponed.(他们要求会议延期。)”
· 作名词时,“make a request for...”表示“请求;要求……”,如“He made a request for help.(他请求帮助。)”
5. view
· 含义:名词,意为“视野;景色;看法”。
· 用法:
· “in view”表示“在视野中”,“come into view”表示“看得见;进入视野”,如“A ship came into view.(一艘船进入了视野。)”
· “in one's view”表示“在某人看来”,如“In my view, he is right.(在我看来,他是对的。)”
· “view...as...”表示“把……看作……”,如“We view him as our friend.(我们把他看作我们的朋友。)”
(二)核心短语解析
1. apply for / take control of
· “apply for”意为“申请”,如“He applied for a visa.(他申请了签证。)”
· “take control of”意为“控制;接管”,如“She took control of the company.(她接管了公司。)”
2. can't wait to do sth. / apart from
· “can't wait to do sth.”意为“迫不及待地做某事”,如“The children can't wait to open the presents.(孩子们迫不及待地打开礼物。)”
· “apart from”意为“除……以外”,如“Apart from English, he studies French.(除了英语,他还学法语。)”
3. make up / check in
· “make up”意为“构成;形成;编造”,如“Girls make up 50% of the class.(女生占班级的50%。)He made up a story.(他编造了一个故事。)”
· “check in”意为“(在旅馆、机场等)登记”,如“We checked in at the hotel.(我们在旅馆办理了登记手续。)”
(三)关键句型讲解
1. 强调句型
· 例句:It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
· 解析:强调句型结构为“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其他部分”,此处强调原因状语“for this reason”,“that”不可省略。
2. as 引导状语从句
· 例句:Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
· 解析:“as”在此处引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”,强调主句和从句动作同时进行,“connecting...”为现在分词短语作定语,修饰“highway”。
3. 倒装句
· 例句:Below are two texts about Peru.
· 解析:副词“below”置于句首,句子完全倒装,谓语动词“are”置于主语“two texts”之前,以强调表语“below”。
(四)语法要点总结:表示将来的几种结构
1. 现在进行时表将来
· 用法:表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,常用位移动词(come, go, leave, arrive等)。
· 例句:I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.(我明天要去北京。)The plane is arriving at 3 pm.(飞机下午3点到达。)
2. will/shall do
· 用法:表示单纯的将来,强调未经事先考虑的临时决定。
· 例句:I will help you.(我会帮你。)Shall we go to the park?(我们去公园好吗?)
3. be going to do
· 用法:表示打算、计划做某事,或根据迹象推测将要发生的事。
· 例句:She is going to study abroad.(她打算出国留学。)It is going to rain.(天要下雨了。)
4. be to do
· 用法:表示按计划约定或职责、义务必须做的事。
· 例句:You are to be back by 10 o'clock.(你必须10点前回来。)The meeting is to be held next Monday.(会议定于下周一举行。)
5. be about to do
· 用法:表示即将发生的动作,不与具体时间连用,“be about to do...when...”表示“正要做……这时……”。
· 例句:I was about to leave when the phone rang.(我正要离开,这时电话响了。)
六、配套基础习题
(一)单项选择
1. He ______ a job in the company yesterday.
A. applied for B. applied to C. applied with D. applied at
2. She was ______ for her bravery.
A. admire B. admired C. admiring D. admiration
3. I ______ the old man as soon as I saw him.
A. recognize B. recognized C. have recognized D. will recognize
4. They ______ that the work ______ finished on time.
A. request;be B. request;is C. requested;be D. requested;is
5. We ______ the city next week.
A. visit B. visited C. are visiting D. will have visited
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. He made an ______(apply)for the position.
2. The ______(arrange)for the trip are complete.
3. I was ______(amaze)at the news.
4. She has a good ______(view)of the park from her window.
5. We should ______(contact)each other often.
(三)按要求完成句子
1. He will go to America next month.(用现在进行时表将来改写)
He ______ ______ to America next month.
2. We recognized him at once.(改为强调句,强调“at once”)
______ ______ ______ ______ we recognized him.
3. She is going to study medicine.(改为同义句)
She ______ ______ ______ study medicine.
4. The hotel is beautiful.(用倒装句改写,强调“beautiful”)
______ ______ the hotel.
5. He requested me to help him.(改为复合句)
He requested ______ I ______ help him.
七、习题答案
(一)单项选择
1. A(“apply for a job”意为“申请一份工作”)
2. B(“be admired for”意为“因……而被钦佩”)
3. B(根据“saw”可知用一般过去时)
4. C(“request”后的宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should) do”,根据语境用一般过去时)
5. C(现在进行时表将来,意为“计划、安排做某事”)
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. application(名词,意为“申请”)
2. arrangements(名词复数,意为“安排”)
3. amazed(“be amazed at”意为“对……感到惊讶”)
4. view(名词,意为“视野;景色”)
5. contact(动词,意为“联络”)
(三)按要求完成句子
1. is going(现在进行时表将来)
2. It was at once that(强调句结构)
3. intends to(“intend to do sth.”意为“打算做某事”)
4. Beautiful is(倒装句,表语前置)
5. that;should(“request”后的宾语从句用虚拟语气)
八、写作指导:旅行相关写作
(一)写作要点
1. 旅行计划:说明旅行的目的地、时间、交通方式等,如“I plan to travel to Peru next month by plane.(我计划下个月乘飞机去秘鲁旅行。)”
2. 景点介绍:描述当地的著名景点和特色,如“Machu Picchu is a famous ancient city in Peru.(马丘比丘是秘鲁著名的古城。)”
3. 活动安排:介绍在旅行中打算进行的活动,如“I will explore the rainforest and visit historical sites.(我将探索热带雨林,参观历史遗迹。)”
4. 期待感受:表达对旅行的期待和感受,如“I can't wait to experience the local culture.(我迫不及待地想体验当地文化。)”
(二)范文示例
A Trip to Peru
I am planning a trip to Peru next summer vacation. I will go there by plane and stay for two weeks.
Peru is a country with rich culture and beautiful scenery. I am looking forward to visiting Machu Picchu, an ancient Inca city. I also plan to explore the Amazon rainforest and take a boat trip on Lake Titicaca.
I will check in at a local hotel and try traditional Peruvian food. I hope to make friends with local people and learn about their way of life.
I can't wait for this exciting trip. I believe it will be an unforgettable experience.
九、考点拓展与易错点提示
1. apply的常见搭配
· “apply for”表示“申请”,后接职位、证件等;“apply to”表示“适用于”,后接对象,如“The rule applies to everyone.(这条规则适用于每个人。)”
· 易混淆点:避免将“申请工作”说成“apply to a job”,正确表达为“apply for a job”。
2. view与sight的辨析
· view:常指从高处或远处看到的景色,如“From the top of the mountain, we have a good view of the city.(从山顶上,我们能清楚地看到城市的景色。)”
· sight:指风景名胜,复数形式多指人文景观,如“The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world.(长城是世界名胜之一。)”
3. make up的多义性
· 表示“构成”,如“Fifteen boys make up half of the class.(15个男孩占班级的一半。)”
· 表示“编造”,如“She made up an excuse for being late.(她为迟到编造了一个借口。)”
· 表示“弥补”,如“He tried to make up for his mistake.(他试图弥补他的错误。)”
4. 现在进行时表将来与一般将来时的区别
· 现在进行时表将来强调“计划、安排”,如“I am meeting him tomorrow.(我明天要见他。——已安排)”
· 一般将来时“will do”强调“临时决定”,如“I will meet him tomorrow.(我明天见他。——临时决定)”
5. request后的虚拟语气
· “request”后的宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句需用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,如“He requested that we (should) attend the meeting.(他要求我们参加会议。)”,不可直接用动词原形或其他时态。
1. apart from与except的区别
· apart from:既可表示“除……之外(还有)”(包含在内),也可表示“除……之外(没有)”(排除在外),如“Apart from Tom, everyone passed the exam.(除了汤姆,大家都通过了考试。——排除)Apart from English, he learns French.(除了英语,他还学法语。——包含)”
· except:仅表示“除……之外(没有)”(排除在外),如“Everyone passed the exam except Tom.(除了汤姆,大家都通过了考试。)”
2. check in与check out的区别
· check in:指在旅馆、机场等办理登记手续,如“We checked in at the hotel at 3 pm.(我们下午3点在旅馆办理了入住。)”
· check out:指办理退房、结账手续,如“We checked out of the hotel the next morning.(我们第二天早上办理了退房。)”
3. unique的用法
· “be unique to...”表示“是……特有的”,后接表示地点或范围的名词,如“This plant is unique to the rainforest.(这种植物是热带雨林特有的。)”
· 易错点:“unique”本身含有“唯一的”含义,不可用“very”修饰,可用“quite”“rather”等,如“This is quite a unique opportunity.(这是一个相当独特的机会。)”
十、词形转换与语境运用
原词
词性
转换词
词性
语境例句
power
n.
powerful
adj.
The powerful storm caused great damage.(这场强烈的暴风雨造成了巨大损失。)
office
n.
official
adj./n.
The official announcement will be made tomorrow.(官方公告将于明天发布。)
transport
v./n.
transportation
n.
Public transportation in the city is convenient.(这座城市的公共交通很便利。)
civilize
v.
civilization
n.
Ancient Egypt had a great civilization.(古埃及有伟大的文明。)
arrange
v.
arrangement
n.
We need to make arrangements for the trip.(我们需要为旅行做安排。)
十一、强调句型的特殊用法
1. 强调否定状语
· 例句:It was not until midnight that he came back.(直到午夜他才回来。)
· 解析:“not until...”结构用于强调句型时,需将“not until”置于被强调部分,句型为“It is/was not until...that...”,此时“that”后的句子不再用否定形式。
2. 强调疑问词
· 例句:Where was it that you met him?(你是在哪里遇见他的?)
· 解析:特殊疑问句的强调句型结构为“疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分”,疑问词即为被强调的部分。
3. 强调句与定语从句的区分
· 强调句:去掉“It is/was...that/who”后,句子结构完整,意义不变,如“It was in 2020 that we met.(我们是在2020年相遇的。)”去掉后为“We met in 2020.(我们2020年相遇。)”
· 定语从句:若先行词为时间、地点等,关系词在从句中作状语时,易与强调句混淆,需通过结构完整性判断,如“It was the year when we met.(那是我们相遇的那一年。)”去掉“It was...when”后句子不完整,故为定语从句。
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