高考英语满分写作 Lesson 10 怎样写好说明文——景点描述类 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

高考英语满分写作（讲义） Lesson 10 怎样写好说明文——景点描述类 Ⅰ 题型解析 阅卷老师寄语： 景点描述类说明文内容有描述家乡变化、某一景点介绍等，常以导游词、看图作文、指导性写作等形式出现在高考中。 高考考查频率 随着中国的改革开放，世界各地的人们都来中国观光旅游。英语成为介绍中国美好河山的主要语言之一。景点描述类说明文近年来成为高考英语作文中考查同学们英语应用水平的又一题型。内容有描述家乡变化、某一景点介绍等，常以导游词、看图作文、指导性写作等形式出现在高考中。 写作注意事项 景点说明文作为说明文体裁之一，具有一般说明文写作特点，即用说明的表达方式来解说，阐明事理。其说明的对象常是较为具体的某景点。要写好此类说明文，应该注意以下几点： 1. 抓住景点特点。注意其解说的全面性，从而使读者获得全面、深刻的认识。 2. 安排说明顺序。可以按时间顺序、空间顺序，有时还可以根据需要将几种说明顺序结合运用。 3. 讲究说明方法。写好景点说明文，不仅要抓住特征，注意条理，而且要巧妙运用说明方法。像举例子、作比较、列数字、打比方等，这样类别清楚，层次分明，可以增强说明的生动性、形象性，使被说明景点的特征变得鲜明突出，清楚直观。 4. 在语言运用上要注意准确、简明、通俗、生动，因为其写作目的是对该景点作有条理的、客观的介绍和解释。 Ⅱ 高分模板 阅卷老师寄语： 在打基础阶段，较多地熟悉写作模板、多借助模板进行操练，是写出高质量作文的捷径。 景点描述类文章一般包括三部分：开头是总的介绍，引出主题；中间是正文部 分，具体介绍此地、此景的特色，如著名的风景、名胜古迹，著名建筑等；第三部分是结尾，一般是作者的建议、感想或总结性的话。 1 常用口头导游词 Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to ! I feel honored to be your guide for the one-day tour to the . First of all, on behalf of my travel agency, I'd like to extend my welcome to all of you. Our schedule for today is to visit the famous scenic spot—the , which is the historic architecture in the city of . As the origin of , the has become the world cultural heritage. I'm quite sure that you will be impressed by the beauty of the royal construction and the long history of the city as well. Wish you have great fun during the whole day! OK, next, I will show you around the whole and introduce it in detail to you. 2 景点介绍模板 … lies / is located in （该景点地理位置）. It covers / has an area of …square kilometers（面积）. It is very convenient for you to come to…The best way to experience… is to take a bus tour.（交通方式）… known as…, attracts millions of visitors from all over the world.（主要景点介绍） You are sure to have a wonderful time in… Ⅲ 好词好句 阅卷老师寄语： 常用词汇，经典句型，如果多读多背，必定会快速提高写作水平。 1 表示方位 above, below, beneath, over, in the centre / middle of, at the back of, on the left/right side of, across, over, through, opposite to, next to, close to, near (to), on top of, at the bottom of, in the distance, nearby 2 表示面积 Our city covers … square kilometers. / Our city has an area of …square kilometers/ The size of our city is … square kilometers 3 表示人口 The population of our city is… / Our city has a population of … 4 表示位置 Our city is located in / lies in… 5 其他如交通、景点特色等等 (1) It is very convenient for you to come to our city… (2) You can take a bus, a train or a plane to…. (3) The best way to experience… is to take a bus tour. (4) It takes … to take a bus from… to… (5) … is only a few bus stops from downtown. (6) … is within easy reach. (7) The city stretches itself lazily along…. (8) The city is well-known/famous for its…/as… (9) The city offers ….. and a variety of … (10) Wherever you go, there are plenty of activities to choose from. (11) You can go on the city tours to enjoy the sights, taste the local food, explore the lively nightlife and learn about its history and culture. (12) If you are interested in …, you can…. If you prefer…, you can… (13) After exploring …, you can relax and enjoy a good meal in… (14) There are … where visitors can find shade from the hot sun and a moment's rest from the busy city. (15) A walk around …is a feast for the mind as well as the eye. (16) The city is home to red-crowned cranes. (17) The city treats visitors to (blue seas) … (18) … is a must-see for tourists, as… (19) The city, known as…, attracts millions of visitors from all over the world. (20) …may explain why people spend so much time on trips to … (21) … reminds visitors that it is an important… (22) You are sure to have a wonderful time in…. (23) Few visitors leave the city feeling disappointed. Ⅳ 例文批阅 阅卷老师寄语： 认真推敲“中档作文”，看看得分点、失分点在哪里，再对照一下“满分作文”，你会发现，要拿满分其实并不似我们想象的那么艰难。 请用英语写一篇描写长江三峡的文章，内容要求如下： 1. 长江三峡闻名于全世界； 2. 沿三峡有许多美丽的名胜； 3. 在三峡的入口处建有葛洲坝水电站； 4. 改革开放以来，长江三峡发生了巨大变化，呈现出新面貌； 5. 现在长江三峡上正在建设一座大型水利枢纽工程； 6. 三峡的建设将会更加有益于人民，为中国作出更大贡献； 参考词汇： 1. 位于……be situated (in) 2. 大型水利枢纽工程large multi-purpose water conservancy project 3. 有益于benefit [′benifit] v. 中档作文 （18分） The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River The Three Gorges are famous all over the world for the many places of interest along them. The Gezhouba Dam is at the entrance of the Three Gorges. A large multi-purpose water conservancy project is being built. After the reform and open polices, great changes have taken place and the Three Gorges take on a new look. The construction of the Three Gorges will greatly benefit the people and make more contributions to China. 审题 第一步，确定文体，这是一篇景点介绍类说明文，时态为一般现在时； 第二步，确定正文部分与结尾内容：正文分两个自然段，第一段写美丽的名胜和景点，第二段写著名的建筑；结尾是作者的感想； 第三步，确定写作要点，根据文字提示和各段落内容，确定要点。 得分点 （1）内容要点无缺漏； （2）能使用些较高级词汇表达含义，无严重语言错误； （3）能够较灵活运用各种时态表达意思。 失分点 （1）本文句式单一，基本都是简单句，重复无变化； （2）文中出现一处错误，即“After the reform and open polices, great changes have taken place”，此处after的应改为since。 满分作文 The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River The Three Gorges are situated in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and are famous throughout the world. The Three Gorges are the Xiling Gorge, Wu Gorge and Qutang Gorge. Along with them there are a number of beautiful places of interest, such as Zhaojun Village, Qu Yuan Temple and Baidi Town. The Gezhouba Dam is at the entrance to the Gorges. A big power station has been built here. Since the reform and open policies began to be carried out, great changes have taken place and the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River have taken on a new look. At present a large multi-purpose water conservancy project is under construction. The Three Gorges will benefit the people more and make greater contributions to China. Ⅴ 真题链接 阅卷老师寄语： 分析、比较各地真题与优质模拟题，就能发现同类作文一般怎么考；对照标准答案，就能知道这类作文通常该怎么写。 【2021年天津卷】 假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了 《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括： (1)该地方的基本情况(如名称、地理位置等)； (2)该地方的特色(如文化、景点等)； (3)你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意：(1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China March 19, 2021 By Li Jin ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Beautiful Place in China March 19, 2021 By Li Jin Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province. What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. What’s more , walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like giant pandas, golden monkeys. There are also many species of rare plants protected here. Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It dates from over 2,000 years ago. However, it is still playing an important part in irrigation today. I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiazhaigou as well as the construction Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. 【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求给英文网站《最美中华》栏目投稿，介绍介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。 【解析】第一步：审题 体裁：说明文 时态： 一般现在时 结构：总分法 第一段是文章的总起段，说明四川省有很多著名的景点；第二段介绍景点九寨沟和都江堰灌溉工程，第三部分说明你对该地方的印象和感受。 要求： 1. 说明四川省有很多著名的景点 ①四川的地理位置：中国西南部 ②著名景点：九寨沟、都江堰灌溉工程 2. 介绍景点九寨沟和都江堰灌溉工程 ① 九寨沟是自然保护区 ②给人印象最深的层层叠叠的瀑布和五颜六色的湖泊，有很多珍稀动植物 ③都江堰灌溉工程始于2000多年前，现在仍然起着灌溉的作用 3. 你对该地方的印象和感受：九寨沟的美景和都江堰灌溉工程的建造会让你惊叹 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be located in；world-famous；places of interest；a nature reserve ；impressive；multi-level waterfalls；have a chance to do…；rare animals；scenic spot；date from；play an important part in；be amazed by 第三步：连词成句 (1) Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China. (2) It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. (3)Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province. (4) What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. (5) Walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals such as giant pandas, golden monkeys. (6) There are many species of rare plants protected here. (7) Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. (8) It dates from over 2,000 years ago. (9) It is still playing an important part in irrigation today. (10) I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by its construction. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 1.表递进关系：what is more 2.表转折关系：however 3.表示列举：such as, like 【点睛】 [高分句型1] What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes.（what引导的主语从句） [高分句型2] Walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals such as giant pandas, golden monkeys.（现在分词作状语） Ⅵ 范文背诵 阅卷老师寄语： 写作靠积累。积累少，遣词造句显得幼稚，语言单调；积累多，则表达流畅，准确、多样，语言丰富、地道。背不背范文，对写作质量影响很大。 范文一 Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school! This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before. Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldn't afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. What's more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you. 附：题目要求 联合国教科文组织考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是接待人员，请根据下列提示以发言稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况： 1. 大小：近100户人家，约500个人。 2. 变化：过去很穷，1978年后变化很大，现已旧貌换新颜。人们生活比以前好多了。 3. 教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层，是村里最美的建筑物。村里所有适龄儿童在此免费就读。 注意： 1. 要点齐全，前后连贯。 2. 词数：100—120之间。 范文二 Ladies and Gentlemen, I'm glad to be your guide. Welcome to Shaoshan. Shaoshan is the hometown of Chairman Mao. It is a small mountain village about 100 km southwest of Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, with beautiful scenery. People here are simple and honest. As the hometown of the great man of the generation, Shaoshan is one of the most important tourist zones in Hunan Province. The Former Residence of Chairman Mao is the most interesting site. It was in this region that Mao Zedong spent his childhood and youth, attending school and helping his father with the farm work. The Memorial Hall of Mao Zedong, where we can look through his life experience, presents us many photos and all the things that Chairman Mao once used. The Water-dripping Cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a very popular destination, possibly because of the fact that Mao once spent a short period of time there in his late life. Chairman Mao was also a poet as well as a politician. The Steles Forest of Mao's Poems includes most of his poems. We can enjoy the wonderful poems there. Wish you to have a good time here! 附：题目要求 最近，一个外国旅游团到湖南韶山旅游。请根据下表内容，以一名导游的身份向客人介绍韶山。词数120左右。 注意： 1. 文章必须包括以上要点，但不能逐字翻译，可增加细节使句子连贯； 2. 短文开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 3. 参考词汇：旧居former residence；纪念馆Memorial Hall；滴水洞the Water-dripping Cave；诗文碑林the Steles Forest of Mao's Poems Ladies and Gentlemen, I'm glad to be your guide. Welcome to Shaoshan. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$