2026届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解练习 ELIZA, the world’s 1st chatbot, was just resurre导学案+课件

ELIZA, the world’s 1st chatbot, was just resurrected Scientists have just resurrected “ELIZA”, the world’s first chatbot, from long-lost computer code — and it still works extremely well. ELIZA was developed in the 1960s by MIT professor Joseph Weizenbaum and named for Eliza Doolittle, a working-class character in George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion. According to Weizenbaum, ELIZA’s ability to be gradually improved by various users made it similar to Eliza Doolittle, who was taught to speak with an upper-class accent in Shaw’s play. Weizenbaum wrote ELIZA in a programming language he invented, called Michigan Algorithm Decoder Symmetric List Processor, but it was almost immediately copied into the language Lisp, a higher-level programming language. Following the emergence of the early Internet, the Lisp version of ELIZA became popular, and the original version became outdated. Experts thought the original 420-line ELIZA code was lost until 2021, when Jeff Shrager, a scientist at Stanford University, and Myles Crowley, a staff member at MIT library, found it among Weizenbaum’s papers. But the team also found a bug in the code, which they elected not to fix. “It would ruin the authenticity of the artifact,” Shrager explained, “like fixing a faulty stroke in the original Mona Lisa.” Even though it was intended to be a research platform for human-computer communication, “ELIZA was such a novelty at the time that its ‘chatbotness’ overshadowed its research purposes,” Shrager said. That feature continues today, as ELIZA is often compared with current large language models (LLMs). One thing ELIZA did better than them, Shrager said, is listen. Modern LLMs only try to complete your sentences, but ELIZA was programmed to encourage the user to continue a conversation. “Bringing ELIZA back, one of the most — if not most — famous chatbots in history, opens people’s eyes to the history that is being lost,” said David Berry, a professor at the University of Sussex in the U.K. Because the field of computer science is so forward-looking, people tend to consider its history outdated and don't preserve it. Berry, though, believes that computing history is also cultural history. “We need to work harder as a society to preserve these signs of the early days of computing,” Berry said, “because if we don’t then we will have lost the digital equivalents of the Mona Lisa or Michelangelo’s David.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2026届高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解练习 ELIZA, the world’s 1st chatbot, was just resurrected The following pictures are some well-known chatbot icons. Have you ever chatted with one of these chatbots? What was your experience like? Pre-reading What features do you wish a chatbot had? Exploring the text While-reading I. Background information. 1. George Bernard Shaw 通常被称为萧伯纳，是爱尔兰杰出的剧作家及文学评论家。萧伯纳的戏剧作品主题广泛，涵盖了社会、政治、经济等诸多方面，对当时的社会现象和传统观念进行了深刻的批判和反思。他善于运用幽默、讽刺、夸张等手法，将严肃的主题与轻松的喜剧元素相结合，使观众在欢笑中思考社会问题。 2. large language model（大语言模型） 是一种基于深度学习的人工智能模型，其核心能力在于理解、生成自然语言，并通过海量数据训练获得强大的语言处理能力。 II. Phrases. 1. computer code 计算机代码 2. programming language 编程语言 3. original version 原始版本 4. research platform 研究平台 5. human-computer communication 人机交流 6. computer science 计算机科学 III. Sentence analysis. 1. According to Weizenbaum, ELIZA’s ability to be gradually improved by various users made it similar to Eliza Doolittle, who was taught to speak with an upper-class accent in Shaw’s play. (para.2) ①本句是主从复合句。 ②主句是ELIZA’s ability ... made it similar to Eliza Doolittle；其中to be gradually improved by various users作后置定语；similar to Eliza Doolittle为宾语补足语。 ③who引导非限制性定语从句，对Eliza Doolittle作进一步说明。 【句意】Weizenbaum认为，ELIZA能够被不同用户逐步改进的能力使其与萧伯纳剧中的Eliza Doolittle相似，这个角色被教导用上流社会的口音说话。 III. Sentence analysis. 2. ELIZA was such a novelty at the time that its ‘chatbotness’ overshadowed its research purposes ... (para.5) ①本句是主从复合句。 ②主句是ELIZA was such a novelty at the time。 ③that its ‘chatbotness’ overshadowed its research purposes是that引导的结果状语从句。 【句意】在当时，ELIZA是一个如此新奇的存在，以至于它作为“聊天机器人”的属性掩盖了其研究目的。 Testing yourself I. Match the words to their meanings in the text. long-lost upper-class working-class forward-looking be willing to consider modern ideas and methods not seen for a long time a social group consisting of the people who have the highest social rank a social group that consists of people who usually do physical work or work for wages II. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in the brackets. The smartwatch lost its __________ (novel) when similar models flooded the market. __________ (digit) art exhibitions now attract millions of online visitors worldwide. The novel’s __________ (origin) idea came from the author’s experience of working in a physics lab. According to some experts, the first agricultural societies marked the __________ (emerge) of human civilization. novelty Digital original emergence III. Translate the following sentences into English with the given words. 1. 链接被复制到了消息框中。 (be copied into) ______________________________________________________________ 2. 尽管她事业有成，但和妹妹相比总觉逊色。 (overshadow) ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. 这家公司的成功让投资者见识到绿色科技的潜力。 (open one’s eyes to) ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 4. 人们在有压力的时候往往会吃得更多。 (tend to) ______________________________________________________________ The link was copied into the message box. Despite her professional success, she was always overshadowed by her younger sister. The company’s success opened investors’ eyes to the potential of green technology. People tend to eat more when they’re stressed. IV. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word. Recently, scientists resurrected “ELIZA”, the world’s first chatbot, from long-lost code, and to everyone’s surprise, it still functions 1. __________ (extreme) well. Developed in the 1960s by Joseph Weizenbaum, a professor at MIT, ELIZA 2. __________ (name) after Eliza Doolittle, a character in George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion. Originally written in a programming language 3. __________ (invent) by Weizenbaum himself, it was soon copied into Lisp, a higher-level language, 4. __________ (make) the original version outdated with 5. __________ rise of the early Internet. Thought lost, the 420-line ELIZA code was found in 2021 by Stanford scientist Jeff Shrager and MIT 6. __________ (library) Myles Crowley. A bug was also found in the code by the team but in the end, it wasn’t fixed to keep its authenticity. extremely was named invented making librarian the Though designed 7. __________ a research platform for human-computer communication, ELIZA’s “chatbotness” overshadowed its research purpose. Unlike modern LLMs 8. ____________ only try to complete sentences, it was programmed to encourage users 9. __________ (keep) talking. The history of computer science is often ignored. However, according to UK professor David Berry, preserving these 10. __________ (sign) of the early days of computing is crucial, or we’ll lose the digital equivalents of historical artworks like the Mona Lisa or David. IV. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word. as that / which to keep signs Professor David Berry believes that preserving early computing history is as culturally important as protecting iconic artworks like the Mona Lisa. Do you agree with him? Share your opinion with your partner. Post-reading $$ ELIZA, the world’s 1st chatbot, was just resurrected Testing yourself I. Match the words to their meanings in the text. long-lost be willing to consider modern ideas and methods upper-class not seen for a long time working-class a social group consisting of the people who have the highest social rank forward-looking a social group that consists of people who usually do physical work or work for wages II. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in the brackets. 1. The smartwatch lost its __________ (novel) when similar models flooded the market. 2. __________ (digit) art exhibitions now attract millions of online visitors worldwide. 3. The novel’s __________ (origin) idea came from the author’s experience of working in a physics lab. 4. According to some experts, the first agricultural societies marked the __________ (emerge) of human civilization. III. Translate the following sentences into English with the given words. 1. 链接被复制到了消息框中。(be copied into) ______________________________________________________________ 2. 尽管她事业有成，但和妹妹相比总觉逊色。(overshadow) ______________________________________________________________ 3. 这家公司的成功让投资者见识到绿色科技的潜力。(open one’s eyes to) ______________________________________________________________ 4. 人们在有压力的时候往往会吃得更多。(tend to) ______________________________________________________________ IV. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word. Recently, scientists resurrected “ELIZA”, the world’s first chatbot, from long-lost code, and to everyone’s surprise, it still functions 1. __________ (extreme) well. Developed in the 1960s by Joseph Weizenbaum, a professor at MIT, ELIZA 2. __________ (name) after Eliza Doolittle, a character in George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion. Originally written in a programming language 3. __________ (invent) by Weizenbaum himself, it was soon copied into Lisp, a higher-level language, 4. __________ (make) the original version outdated with 5. __________ rise of the early Internet. Thought lost, the 420-line ELIZA code was found in 2021 by Stanford scientist Jeff Shrager and MIT 6. __________ (library) Myles Crowley. A bug was also found in the code by the team but in the end, it wasn’t fixed to keep its authenticity. Though designed 7. _______ a research platform for human-computer communication, ELIZA’s “chatbotness” overshadowed its research purpose. Unlike modern LLMs 8. _______ only try to complete sentences, it was programmed to encourage users 9. _______ (keep) talking. The history of computer science is often ignored. However, according to UK professor David Berry, preserving these 10. _______ (sign) of the early days of computing is crucial, or we’ll lose the digital equivalents of historical artworks like the Mona Lisa or David. Keys： I. long-lost be willing to consider modern ideas and methods upper-class not seen for a long time working-class a social group consisting of the people who have the highest social rank forward-looking a social group that consists of people who usually do physical work or work for wages II. 1. novelty 2. Digital 3. original 4. emergence III. 1. The link was copied into the message box. 2. Despite her professional success, she was always overshadowed by her younger sister. 3. The company’s success opened investors’ eyes to the potential of green technology. 4. People tend to eat more when they’re stressed. IV. 1. extremely 2. was named 3. invented 4. making 5. the 6. librarian 7. as 8. that / which 9. to keep 10. signs 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Eliza, the world's first chatbot, was just resurrected. Scientists have just resurrected eliza, the world's first chatbot from long lost computer code and IT still works extremely well. Eliza was developed in the nineteen sixties by M. I. T. Professor Joseph was bomb and named for a liza do little, a working class character in George bernard shaw pig malan. According to win bomb allies, his ability to be gradually improved by various users made IT similar to allies. A do little who was taught to speak with an upper class accent in shaws play win bomb roti zer in a programming language he invented called michigan algorithm decoder cemetery list processor. But IT was almost immediately copied into the language lisp, a higher level programing language. Following the emergence of the early internet, the less version of eliza became popular and the original version became outdated. Experts thought the original four hundred twenty nine allies a code was lost until twenty twenty one, when jeff trigger, a scientist at stanford university, and miles cri, a staff member at MIT. Library, founded among rising bombs papers. But the team also found a bug in the code, which they elected not to fix. IT would rule in the authenticity of the artifact trigger explained, like fixing a faulty stroke in the original monolithic. Even though IT was intended to be a research platform for human computer communication allies, that was such a novelty at the time that its chat bottoms overshadow its research purposes, trigger said that feature continues today as a liza is often compared with current large language models. LLM, one thing allies I did Better than them, shagger said, is, listen, modern L. S. Only tried to complete your sentences, but the lia was programmed to encourage the user to continue a conversation, bringing a lies back. One of the most, if not most, famous chat boards in history opens people's eyes the history that is being lost, said David barry, a professor at the university of suspects in the U. K, because the field of computer science is so forward looking, people tend to consider its history outdated and don't preserve IT very, though, believes that computing history is also cultural history. We need to work harder as a society to preserve these signs of the early days of computing, barry said. Because if we don't, then we will have lost the digital equivalent of the mona lisa or Michael Angeles, David.