Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. 过去完成时-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】2025-2026学年人教版（2012）英语九年级全册

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. （过去完成时） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去完成时的基本用法 过去完成时用于表示在过去某一动作或时间之前就已经完成的动作，也就是 “过去的过去”，其结构为 “had + 过去分词”。 用法场景 示例说明 例句 强调动作发生在过去某一时间之前 先发生的动作使用过去完成时，后发生的动作使用一般过去时 By the time I went to bed, my dad had come back.（我上床睡觉时，爸爸已经回来了。） 描述过去某动作完成后另一个动作才发生 两个动作都发生在过去，存在明显的先后顺序 She had read the book before she lent it to me.（她把书借给我之前已经读过了。） 用于宾语从句中，体现动作的先后 主句为一般过去时，从句动作发生在主句动作之前 He said he had visited the museum once.（他说他已经参观过那个博物馆一次了。） 注意事项： 1. 过去完成时不能独立使用，需要有明确的过去时间状语（如 by the time、before、when 等）或者通过上下文来暗示 “过去的过去”。 2. “by + 过去时间点” 这一时间状语常与过去完成时搭配，例如 “By last month, they had learned 500 words.” 二、过去完成时与一般过去时的对比 这两种时态都用于表示过去发生的动作，但它们所指向的时间关系不同，要依据动作的先后顺序来区分使用。 时态类型 时间指向 动作关系 例句对比 过去完成时 过去的过去（先发生） 强调在另一个过去动作之前完成 When she got to the station, the train had left.（她到车站时，火车已经开走了。） 一般过去时 过去某一时间（后发生） 单纯表示过去发生的动作 When she got to the station, the train left.（她到车站时，火车开走了。） 注意事项： 1. 若两个过去的动作按照时间顺序依次发生，且不需要强调它们的 “先后” 关系，那么都可以使用一般过去时，比如 “He opened the door and walked in.”（他打开门走了进去。） 2. “before”“after” 这两个标志性时间状语可以帮助判断时态：“after + 一般过去时” 对应的主句用过去完成时，“before + 过去完成时” 对应的主句用一般过去时。 三、过去完成时的句式转换 过去完成时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句的转换都围绕助动词 had 进行，具体结构如下： 句式类型 结构公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + had + 过去分词 They had arrived before the party began. 否定句 主语 + had + not + 过去分词 He hadn’t known the truth until yesterday. 一般疑问句 Had + 主语 + 过去分词？ Had she passed the exam by last week? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + had + 主语 + 过去分词？ Where had they gone before the storm came? 注意事项： 1. 过去完成时否定句的缩写形式是 “hadn’t”，例如 “We hadn’t talked for a long time.” 2. 一般疑问句的回答要使用 had，如 “—Had he told you the news? —Yes, he had./No, he hadn’t.” 一、单项选择 1．（2025·安徽宿州·模拟预测）Our teacher ________ the class trip after watching the weather report last night. A．was cancelling B．was cancelled C．cancels D．cancelled 2．（2025·广东汕头·二模）—Look at the sign “No shouting”. —Sorry. I ________ it. I will not shout any longer. A．didn’t see B．don’t see C．haven’t seen D．wasn’t seeing 3．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The young mother was so happy and thankful that the doctors ________ her baby. A．will save B．would save C．have saved D．had saved 4．（2025·云南·模拟预测）He couldn’t find his keys because he ________ them in the office. A．leaves B．left C．had left D．has left 5．（2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Since last term, our school ________ AI to help us with English learning. A．uses B．used C．has used D．will use 6．（2025·江苏南京·三模）—You’re looking very smart in a new suit today. —Thanks. But to tell you the truth, I ________ it for quite a few years. A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 7．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．have begun D．began 8．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Stan went to the police station this morning because someone ________ his motorcycle. A．has stolen B．was stealing C．would steal D．had stolen 9．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）When he ________ the cinema last night, the film ________ for thirty minutes. A．arrived at; had been on B．got; had been on C．arrived in; began D．reached; had begun 10．（2025·北京海淀·模拟预测）By the end of last year, China ________ a series of achievements in its space exploration program. A．has made B．made C．had made D．will make 11．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The man sitting next to me was nervous because he ________ a plane before. A．doesn’t take B．didn’t take C．hasn’t taken D．hadn’t taken 12．（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）When I got to the station, the train ________. A．has left B．had left C．left D．leave 13．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）—Did you see Mr. Wang yesterday morning? —No. By the time I got to school, he ________. A．left B．has left C．had left D．leave 14．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates ________. A．arrive B．have arrived C．had arrived D．were arriving 15．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）—What were you doing when I called you last night? —I ________ my homework and was going to bed. A．did B．was doing C．had done D．have done 二、单句语法填空 1. （2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）My parents often (courage) me to take up some hobbies in my spare time when I was young. 2. （2025·云南昆明·三模）Many people came to help as soon as they the news. (hear) 3. （2025·黑龙江牡丹江·二模）She hasn’t (eat) anything since morning. 4. （2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He (wake) up. 5. （2024·甘肃武威·一模）Claire had no idea I was coming to see her. Her mom (forget) to tell her. 6. （2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测）When I arrived at the airport, my flight (take) off. 7. （2022·黑龙江鸡西·模拟预测）When we got to the top of the mountain, the 70-year-old man (have) arrived unexpectedly. 8. （2023·重庆九龙坡·一模）By the end of last year, she (write) over 20 books. 9. （2023·江苏扬州·一模）We found some footprints. Someone (step) into our garden. 10. （2023·湖南永州·二模）When I arrived home, Li Tong (leave) already. 11. （2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测）When he got to the station, the train (leave) already. So he had to went back. 12. （2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模）When seeing the girl yesterday, I just forgot when I (meet) her before. 13. （2025·江苏无锡·三模）— Well done! You won yesterday’s English speech competition. — Thank you. I (prepare) a lot for it. 14. （2025·西藏·模拟预测）He (learn) two thousand English words by the end of last month. 15. （2025·江苏无锡·三模）The firemen (put) out the fire, so all of you were out of danger. 三、完成句子 1. （2021·湖北黄冈·一模）当我们到达那里的时候，他们已经拆掉了那些旧房。（pull） They the old houses when we got there. 2. （2024·山东枣庄·一模）By the time he started selling vegetables online, he over 500,000 students. 他在开始网上卖菜之前，已经教过50多万名学生了。 3. （2021·山东枣庄·一模）我到达电影院之前电影已经开始了。 The film already by the time I got to the cinema. 4. （2021·湖北襄阳·一模）He asked me (你哥哥出国留学是否有三年了) for three years. (be) 5. （2021·四川达州·一模）当伯特到达剧院时，他发现票已经卖完了。 When Bert got to the theater, he found the tickets had already . 6. （2022·山东枣庄·三模）当我匆匆赶到车站时，公交车已经开走半小时了。 By the time I rushed to the bus stop, the bus been for half an hour. 7. （2022·陕西西安·一模）当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。 By the time I reached the airport, the plane had already . 8. （2022·宁夏银川·一模）当我冲出门时，我才意识到我把钥匙忘在家里了。 When I rushed out of the door, I realized I the key at home. 9. （2023·辽宁鞍山·一模）当我到家时，我的父母已经摆好了饭菜。 When I got home, my parents had the dishes. 10. （2023·山东枣庄·一模）他搬来这之前已在这工厂工作五年了。 He in the factory for five years before he here. 11. （2023·湖北襄阳·一模）Jordan告诉父母他已经在学习上取得很大进步，但是锻炼也很重要. Jordan told his parents that he his school, but exercise was also important. 12. （2023·广东广州·二模）他告诉我，他今年比赛获得了亚军。 He told me the second place this year. 13. （2024·山东枣庄·一模）当我到达学校的时候，我意识到我把背包忘在家里了。 When I got to school, I realized I my backpack at home. 14. （2025·重庆江津·一模）当我意识到他是一个小偷时，他已经离开了。 (完成译句) the time I realized he was a thief, he already left. 15. （2022·山东枣庄·一模）在我到达电影院之前，电影已经开始十分钟了。 By the time I to the cinema, the movie for 10 minutes. 四、完形填空 Passage 1 （2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Little Dora always wanted a sister. So when Mum told her she would have one in six months, she felt very 1 . But Dora had to be away for some time. She had promised to stay with her grandparents till autumn came. “How can I make 2 go faster? I can’t wait to see the 3 .” Dora said to herself while she was sitting in her grandparents’ yard one day. She had a good 4 when she saw the apple tree in the yard. She decided to 5 a picture of the tree each day. As Grandpa said, by the time she saw red apples on the tree, she would have a sister! Dora’s first picture was a tree full of green leaves. Day by day, the weather got cooler. The leaves slowly 6 their colour and tiny apples appeared among them. 7 , Dora drew her last picture of the tree. It had a lot of red apples. Now it was time to return home. When She entered the house, Mum and Dad were 8 her on the sofa. Each of them was 9 a baby in their arms. “Now you have a sister and a brother!” Dad said. “Wow, I’m the 10 sister in the world!” Dora said happily. “Look! Their faces are as round as red apples. They are so cute.” 1. A．rich B．afraid C．cheerful 2. A．air B．time C．light 3. A．yard B．tree C．baby 4. A．job B．idea C．life 5. A．buy B．take C．draw 6. A．shared B．found C．changed 7. A．Finally B．Really C．Usually 8. A．waiting for B．laughing at C．looking after 9. A．hiding B．training C．holding 10. A．funniest B．smallest C．luckiest Passage 2 （2025·广东佛山·三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Zhang Yugun is head of Heihumiao Primary School in Henan Province. After graduation in 2001, Zhang chose to work in the 1 countryside. Over the past 23 years, he has 2 many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the village. However, he has stayed on and made every effort to help the children 3 their problems. One winter, travelling on the mountain road was much more 4 than usual. The school was about to start, but those students’ 5 were still in a town outside the village. Then Zhang and another teacher left early in the morning with a shoulder pole (扁担). They carried back kilos of books. When they 6 the school, they were both covered in mud (泥), but the books were protected well. In 2006, a new 7 was built in the village, so Zhang started to carry the books with a motorbike. Although four motorbikes broke down, he never 8 . To provide better 9 for the students whose parents had left the village to work in the city, Zhang asked his wife to give up her job to help cook and clean for the students. Thanks to the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumiao Primary School are 10 to learn at school and hope for a brighter future. 1. A．dirty B．poor C．beautiful D．clean 2. A．made B．helped C．seen D．heard 3. A．solve B．create C．explain D．recognize 4. A．expensive B．interesting C．enjoyable D．difficult 5. A．clothes B．pens C．books D．schoolbags 6. A．got to B．set up C．broke into D．pointed at 7. A．school B．road C．park D．museum 8. A．changed B．appeared C．stopped D．left 9. A．care B．environment C．food D．books 10. A．interested B．able C．happy D．surprised Passage 3 （2025·云南昆明·三模）从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 When I was in the third grade, I took part in a school play. I would 1 an important role in the play. I acted 2 the princess, so my mother helped me practice my words for weeks. But once on the stage, every word disappeared from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator (旁白) for the play. 3 I didn’t tell my mother what happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness and asked if I wanted to go for a 4 in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) among roses in the garden. “I think I’ll dig up (挖光) all these dandelions,” my mother said. “From now on, we’ll only have 5 in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I disagreed, “All flowers are 6 —even dandelions!” My mother looked at me 7 . “Yes, every flower gives beauty in its own way, doesn’t it?” she asked. I nodded. “And that is true for people, too. When I 8 that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the truth.” But you will be a wonderful narrator.” she said, reminding me of 9 I loved to read stories aloud to her. Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I got to know that 10 had his or her own value in the world. I liked my role in the play very much. 1. A．work B．play C．make D．study 2. A．in B．at C．as D．for 3. A．Because B．But C．Unless D．Although 4. A．walk B．race C．trip D．camp 5. A．trees B．beans C．dandelions D．roses 6. A．healthy B．fresh C．beautiful D．surprised 7. A．seriously B．comfortably C．especially D．heavily 8. A．realized B．remembered C．imagined D．doubted 9. A．how often B．how long C．how many D．how much 10. A．someone B．everyone C．anyone D．no one 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. （过去完成时） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去完成时的基本用法 过去完成时用于表示在过去某一动作或时间之前就已经完成的动作，也就是 “过去的过去”，其结构为 “had + 过去分词”。 用法场景 示例说明 例句 强调动作发生在过去某一时间之前 先发生的动作使用过去完成时，后发生的动作使用一般过去时 By the time I went to bed, my dad had come back.（我上床睡觉时，爸爸已经回来了。） 描述过去某动作完成后另一个动作才发生 两个动作都发生在过去，存在明显的先后顺序 She had read the book before she lent it to me.（她把书借给我之前已经读过了。） 用于宾语从句中，体现动作的先后 主句为一般过去时，从句动作发生在主句动作之前 He said he had visited the museum once.（他说他已经参观过那个博物馆一次了。） 注意事项： 1. 过去完成时不能独立使用，需要有明确的过去时间状语（如 by the time、before、when 等）或者通过上下文来暗示 “过去的过去”。 2. “by + 过去时间点” 这一时间状语常与过去完成时搭配，例如 “By last month, they had learned 500 words.” 二、过去完成时与一般过去时的对比 这两种时态都用于表示过去发生的动作，但它们所指向的时间关系不同，要依据动作的先后顺序来区分使用。 时态类型 时间指向 动作关系 例句对比 过去完成时 过去的过去（先发生） 强调在另一个过去动作之前完成 When she got to the station, the train had left.（她到车站时，火车已经开走了。） 一般过去时 过去某一时间（后发生） 单纯表示过去发生的动作 When she got to the station, the train left.（她到车站时，火车开走了。） 注意事项： 1. 若两个过去的动作按照时间顺序依次发生，且不需要强调它们的 “先后” 关系，那么都可以使用一般过去时，比如 “He opened the door and walked in.”（他打开门走了进去。） 2. “before”“after” 这两个标志性时间状语可以帮助判断时态：“after + 一般过去时” 对应的主句用过去完成时，“before + 过去完成时” 对应的主句用一般过去时。 三、过去完成时的句式转换 过去完成时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句的转换都围绕助动词 had 进行，具体结构如下： 句式类型 结构公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + had + 过去分词 They had arrived before the party began. 否定句 主语 + had + not + 过去分词 He hadn’t known the truth until yesterday. 一般疑问句 Had + 主语 + 过去分词？ Had she passed the exam by last week? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + had + 主语 + 过去分词？ Where had they gone before the storm came? 注意事项： 1. 过去完成时否定句的缩写形式是 “hadn’t”，例如 “We hadn’t talked for a long time.” 2. 一般疑问句的回答要使用 had，如 “—Had he told you the news? —Yes, he had./No, he hadn’t.” 一、单项选择 1．（2025·安徽宿州·模拟预测）Our teacher ________ the class trip after watching the weather report last night. A．was cancelling B．was cancelled C．cancels D．cancelled 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨晚看了天气预报后，我们的老师取消了班级旅行。 考查时态。根据“last night”可知，此处表示过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选D。 2．（2025·广东汕头·二模）—Look at the sign “No shouting”. —Sorry. I ________ it. I will not shout any longer. A．didn’t see B．don’t see C．haven’t seen D．wasn’t seeing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看那个“不许喊叫”的标志。——对不起，我没看到。我不会再大声喊叫了。 考查动词时态。根据“Sorry”和“will not shout”可知，说话人是在道歉并承诺不再大声喊叫，表明说话人刚才没看到这个标志，属于对过去事实的陈述，应用一般过去时。故选A。 3．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The young mother was so happy and thankful that the doctors ________ her baby. A．will save B．would save C．have saved D．had saved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位年轻的母亲非常高兴和感激，因为医生救了她的孩子。 考查动词时态。根据“was so happy and thankful”可知主句是一般过去时，“医生救孩子”这个动作发生在“母亲高兴和感激”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时。故选D。 4．（2025·云南·模拟预测）He couldn’t find his keys because he ________ them in the office. A．leaves B．left C．had left D．has left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他找不到他的钥匙，因为他把它们落在办公室了。 考查句子时态。leaves动词三单；left动词过去式；had left过去完成时；has left现在完成时。句中“couldn’t find”表示过去的一个状态，而“leave them in the office”是更早之前发生的动作，且这个动作导致了现在找不到钥匙的结果。表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时，结构是“had + done”。故选C。 5．（2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Since last term, our school ________ AI to help us with English learning. A．uses B．used C．has used D．will use 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从上学期以来，我们学校一直使用人工智能来辅助英语学习。 考查现在完成时。根据“since last term”可知，动作从过去开始持续至今，需用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。故选C。 6．（2025·江苏南京·三模）—You’re looking very smart in a new suit today. —Thanks. But to tell you the truth, I ________ it for quite a few years. A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你今天穿新西装看起来非常帅气。——谢谢。但说实话，我已经穿这套西装好几年了。 考查动词时态及延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法。had有，过去式；bought买，过去式；have had现在完成时；have bought现在完成时。句中时间状语“for quite a few years”表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词），buy为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，have“拥有”为延续性动词，可以与时间段连用，表示状态的持续。故选C。 7．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．have begun D．began 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——很抱歉我迟到了。——没关系。电影才开始5分钟。 考查现在完成时及非延续性动词。结合句意和语境，“begin”是短暂性动词，不能与“for+时间段（for only 5 minutes）”连用，需用对应的延续性动词短语“be on”。主语“the movie”是单数，现在完成时结构为“has+过去分词”，“be”的过去分词是“been”，所以用“has been on”。故选B。 8．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Stan went to the police station this morning because someone ________ his motorcycle. A．has stolen B．was stealing C．would steal D．had stolen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Stan今天早上去了警察局，因为有人偷了他的摩托车。 考查时态。根据“Stan went to the police station this morning”可知，有人偷摩托车是发生在今天早上之前，用过去完成时，结构为had done。故选D。 9．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）When he ________ the cinema last night, the film ________ for thirty minutes. A．arrived at; had been on B．got; had been on C．arrived in; began D．reached; had begun 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨晚当他到电影院时，电影已经开始30分钟了。 考查动词辨析和时态。arrived at到达，跟小地点；got表示到达时，应跟介词to，再跟地点名词；arrived in到达，跟大地点；reached到达，跟地点名词；be on“上映”，表示状态，可与时间段连用；began和begun分别为动词begin的过去式和过去分词，是非延续性动词；第一空“the cinema”为地点名词，小地点，可以用arrived at/reached；第二空“for thirty minutes”为时间段，应用be on表示“上映”，had been on为过去完成时，符合语境。故选A。 10．（2025·北京海淀·模拟预测）By the end of last year, China ________ a series of achievements in its space exploration program. A．has made B．made C．had made D．will make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到去年年末，中国在太空探索计划中已经取得了一系列成就。 考查动词时态。has made已经取得，表示现在完成时；made取得，表示一般过去时；had made已经取得了，表示过去完成时；will make将会取得，表示一般将来时。根据句中“By the end of last year”可知，此处表示在过去的一个特定时间点之前，即“过去的过去”，为过去完成时，其结构为had done。故选C。 11．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The man sitting next to me was nervous because he ________ a plane before. A．doesn’t take B．didn’t take C．hasn’t taken D．hadn’t taken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：坐在我旁边的男人很紧张，因为他以前从未坐过飞机。 考查动词时态辨析。根据“was nervous”和“before”可知，动作发生在“was nervous”之前，需用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，构成为主语+had+done。故选D。 12．（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）When I got to the station, the train ________. A．has left B．had left C．left D．leave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我到火车站的时候，火车已经开了。 考查过去完成时。根据句意可知，火车在我到达火车站之前就开了，而got to是过去时，leave“离开”这一动作在got to之前已经发生，所以要用过去完成时，过去完成时的结构是had+过去分词，leave的过去分词是left。故选B。 13．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）—Did you see Mr. Wang yesterday morning? —No. By the time I got to school, he ________. A．left B．has left C．had left D．leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天早上你看到王老师了吗？——没有。等我到学校的时候，他已经走了。 考查时态。根据“No. By the time I got to school”可知没有见到王老师，等到学校的时候，他已经走了，动作发生在过去某个动作之前，用过去完成时had done。故选C。 14．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates ________. A．arrive B．have arrived C．had arrived D．were arriving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我到达教室时，我意识到所有的同学都到了。 考查过去完成时。根据“When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates”可知，此句描述过去发生的事情对过去造成的影响，应用过去完成时，其结构为“had done”。故选C。 15．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）—What were you doing when I called you last night? —I ________ my homework and was going to bed. A．did B．was doing C．had done D．have done 【答案】C 【详解】句意   ——昨晚我给你打电话时你在做什么？   ——我已经做完作业，正要睡觉。 考查动词时态辨析。did做，一般过去时；was doing过去进行时；had done过去完成时；have done现在完成时。根据语境，“我” 在昨晚你打电话的时候已经做完作业准备睡觉了，“做作业” 这个动作发生在 “打电话” 之前，过去的过去用过去完成时，结构是 had + 过去分词，故选C。 二、单句语法填空 1. （2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）My parents often (courage) me to take up some hobbies in my spare time when I was young. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：我小时候，父母经常鼓励我在业余时间培养一些爱好。根据“My parents often…me to take up some hobbies in my spare time when I was young.”可知，此处指鼓励自己在业余时间培养一些爱好，encourage“鼓励”，根据“when I was young”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填encouraged。 2. （2025·云南昆明·三模）Many people came to help as soon as they the news. (hear) 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：许多人一听到消息就来帮忙了。根据“came...as soon as...”可知，as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为过去时，从句通常用一般过去时表示同时或紧接着发生的动作。故空处需动词过去式。故填heard。 3. （2025·黑龙江牡丹江·二模）She hasn’t (eat) anything since morning. 【答案】eaten 【详解】句意：她从早上起就什么都没吃。根据“hasn’t”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。eat“吃”，动词，其过去分词形式为eaten。故填eaten。 4. （2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He (wake) up. 【答案】has woken 【详解】句意：——别出声，宝宝正在睡觉呢。——没必要，他已经醒了。根据“There is no need. He...up.”可知，因为已经醒了，所以没必要避声了，用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语是He，助动词用has，故填has woken。 5. （2024·甘肃武威·一模）Claire had no idea I was coming to see her. Her mom (forget) to tell her. 【答案】had forgotten 【详解】句意：克莱尔根本不知道我会来看她。她妈妈忘了告诉她。分析句子可知，“忘记告诉她”发生在“不知道我会来看她”之前，故此处用过去完成时had done。故填had forgotten。 6. （2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测）When I arrived at the airport, my flight (take) off. 【答案】had taken 【详解】句意：当我到达机场时，我的航班已经起飞了。根据“when I arrived at the airport”可知，主句描述的是在过去的某个时间点之前已经发生的动作，因此需要使用过去完成时“had+过去分词”结构。动词“take”的过去分词是“taken”。故填had taken off。 7. （2022·黑龙江鸡西·模拟预测）When we got to the top of the mountain, the 70-year-old man (have) arrived unexpectedly. 【答案】had 【详解】句意：当我们到达山顶时，这位70岁的老人已经出乎意料地到了。句子是when引导的时间状语从句，此处指的是“我们到达时，老人已经到了”，主句应用过去完成时，结构是“had+过去分词”，故填had。 8. （2023·重庆九龙坡·一模）By the end of last year, she (write) over 20 books. 【答案】had written 【详解】句意：到去年年末为止，她已经写了超过20本书。根据“By the end of last year”可知要用过去完成时had+过去分词。write“写”的过去分词为written。故填had written。 9. （2023·江苏扬州·一模）We found some footprints. Someone (step) into our garden. 【答案】had stepped 【详解】句意：我们发现了一些脚印。有人走进了我们的花园。step“迈步”，动词。根据“We found some footprints.”可知，此处指动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，结构为had done。step的过去分词为stepped。故填had stepped。 10. （2023·湖南永州·二模）When I arrived home, Li Tong (leave) already. 【答案】had left 【详解】句意：当我到家的时候，李彤已经离开了。由“already”可知，用完成时态，根据“arrived home”可知，“到家”这一动作发生在过去，而“李彤离开家”发生在“到家”之前，因此时态应该用过去完成时。故填had left。 11. （2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测）When he got to the station, the train (leave) already. So he had to went back. 【答案】had left 【详解】句意：当他到达车站的时候，火车已经离开了。因此他不得不回去。考查谓语动词的时态，此处already意为“已经”，是完成时的标志词，到达车站的时间是过去，在过去之前火车已经离开，所以是过去的过去，应用过去完成时had left。故填had left。 12. （2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模）When seeing the girl yesterday, I just forgot when I (meet) her before. 【答案】had met 【详解】句意：昨天见到那个女孩时，我只是忘记了以前什么时候见过她。根据“When seeing the girl yesterday, I just forgot when I…her before.”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，提示词“meet”动作发生在“forgot”之前，从句时态应为过去完成时，其结构为：had done。meet“遇见”，其过去分词为“met”。故填had met。 13. （2025·江苏无锡·三模）— Well done! You won yesterday’s English speech competition. — Thank you. I (prepare) a lot for it. 【答案】had prepared 【详解】句意：——做得好！你赢得了昨天的英语演讲比赛。——谢谢你！我为此做了很多准备。根据“You won yesterday’s English speech competition.”可知，昨天赢得了英语演讲比赛，而准备比赛的动作发生在比赛之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had prepared。 14. （2025·西藏·模拟预测）He (learn) two thousand English words by the end of last month. 【答案】had learned/had learnt 【详解】句意：到上月底为止，他已经学了两千个英语单词。根据“by the end of last month.”可知，此句用过去完成时had done，learn的过去分词为learned/learnt。故填had learned/had learnt。 15. （2025·江苏无锡·三模）The firemen (put) out the fire, so all of you were out of danger. 【答案】had put 【详解】句意：消防员已经扑灭了大火，所以你们所有人都脱离了危险。根据下文“so all of you were out of danger”可知，“你们脱离危险”是过去发生的事；而“消防员扑灭大火”是导致“脱离危险”的原因，其动作应发生在“脱离危险”之前，即过去的过去，所以句子时态应用过去完成时，其结构为had done，动词put的过去分词为put。故填had put。 三、完成句子 1. （2021·湖北黄冈·一模）当我们到达那里的时候，他们已经拆掉了那些旧房。（pull） They the old houses when we got there. 【答案】had pulled down 【详解】pull down意为“摧毁；拆掉”； when we got there是一般过去时，根据中文提示可知“pull down”动作发生在“got there”之前，用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”；故填had pulled down。 2. （2024·山东枣庄·一模）By the time he started selling vegetables online, he over 500,000 students. 他在开始网上卖菜之前，已经教过50多万名学生了。 【答案】 had taught 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“已经教过”，teach“教”符合；根据“By the time”以及从句的时态为一般过去时可知，主句时态为过去完成时，所以此处应填had taught。故填had；taught。 3. （2021·山东枣庄·一模）我到达电影院之前电影已经开始了。 The film already by the time I got to the cinema. 【答案】 had begun 【详解】begin开始，根据“by the time I got to the cinema.”可知，此处表示在过去的过去，因此用过去完成时，故填had；begun。 4. （2021·湖北襄阳·一模）He asked me (你哥哥出国留学是否有三年了) for three years. (be) 【答案】if/whether your brother had been abroad for study 【详解】“asked me”后面是宾语从句，是陈述句的语序（引导词+主语+谓语动词）。表达“是否”用 “if”或“whether”引导从句，根据“asked”可知从句是过去的某种时态。从句的主语是“your brother”,根据 “for three years”可知表达动作的延续性，用过去完成时，从句的谓语动词用“had been abroad”。表达 “留学”用介词短语“for study”。故填if/whether your brother had been abroad for study. 5. （2021·四川达州·一模）当伯特到达剧院时，他发现票已经卖完了。 When Bert got to the theater, he found the tickets had already . 【答案】 sold out 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少“卖完”，sell out表示“卖完”；根据“he found the tickets had already”可知，此处时态为过去完成时，结构为：had done，此处用sell的过去分词形式sold。故填sold；out。 6. （2022·山东枣庄·三模）当我匆匆赶到车站时，公交车已经开走半小时了。 By the time I rushed to the bus stop, the bus been for half an hour. 【答案】 had away 【详解】根据中英文对照分析可知，空白处表示“离开”，用“be away”表示，又由“By the time I rushed to the bus stop”可知，此处时态应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。故填had；away。 7. （2022·陕西西安·一模）当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。 By the time I reached the airport, the plane had already . 【答案】taken off 【详解】take off“起飞”，动词短语。此处是过去完成时，结构是had done，故take用其过去分词形式。故填taken off。 8. （2022·宁夏银川·一模）当我冲出门时，我才意识到我把钥匙忘在家里了。 When I rushed out of the door, I realized I the key at home. 【答案】 had left 【详解】根据中英文对照，可知空处填“忘在”。固定短语leave sth. at home“把……落在家里” ，且“把钥匙落在家里”这一动作应该是发生在“冲出门”之前，属于过去的过去，要用过去完成时。过去完成时的结构是“had+过去分词”，leave的过去分词是left。故填had；left。 9. （2023·辽宁鞍山·一模）当我到家时，我的父母已经摆好了饭菜。 When I got home, my parents had the dishes. 【答案】laid out 【详解】lay out“摆放”，为固定短语。根据“had”可知本句是过去完成时，动词应用过去分词。故填laid out。 10. （2023·山东枣庄·一模）他搬来这之前已在这工厂工作五年了。 He in the factory for five years before he here. 【答案】 had worked moved 【详解】work“工作”，动词；move“搬家”，动词。根据语境可知，“搬到这里”是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，动词需用过去式。before引导的主从复合句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时(had done)，表示过去的过去。故填had worked；moved。 11. （2023·湖北襄阳·一模）Jordan告诉父母他已经在学习上取得很大进步，但是锻炼也很重要. Jordan told his parents that he his school, but exercise was also important. 【答案】 had made great progress in 【详解】make great progress in“在……取得巨大进步”，根据“已经”可知，要用完成时，结合told以及主过从必过可知，从句用过去完成时had done的结构，故填had；made；great；progress；in。 12. （2023·广东广州·二模）他告诉我，他今年比赛获得了亚军。 He told me the second place this year. 【答案】 he had won 【详解】句子是宾语从句，省略了引导词that，主句是一般过去时，“获得亚军”发生在“告诉我”之前，即“过去的过去”，从句用过去完成时（had done）。he“他”作从句主语，win“赢得”的过去分词是won。故填he；had；won。 13. （2024·山东枣庄·一模）当我到达学校的时候，我意识到我把背包忘在家里了。 When I got to school, I realized I my backpack at home. 【答案】had left 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“落下”leave，根据“realized”可知，此处表示的动作发生在“到达”之前，用过去完成时，结构为had done。故填had left。 14. （2025·重庆江津·一模）当我意识到他是一个小偷时，他已经离开了。 (完成译句) the time I realized he was a thief, he already left. 【答案】 By had 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空缺少了“到……时候”，英文表达为by the time，引导时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，结构为had done。故填By；had。 15. （2022·山东枣庄·一模）在我到达电影院之前，电影已经开始十分钟了。 By the time I to the cinema, the movie for 10 minutes. 【答案】 got had been on 【详解】get to“到达”，固定搭配；by the time引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，且根据for 10 minutes可知，主句的动词要用延续性动词，begin是短暂性动词，其对应的延续性动词是be on，故填got；had；been；on。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 （2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Little Dora always wanted a sister. So when Mum told her she would have one in six months, she felt very 1 . But Dora had to be away for some time. She had promised to stay with her grandparents till autumn came. “How can I make 2 go faster? I can’t wait to see the 3 .” Dora said to herself while she was sitting in her grandparents’ yard one day. She had a good 4 when she saw the apple tree in the yard. She decided to 5 a picture of the tree each day. As Grandpa said, by the time she saw red apples on the tree, she would have a sister! Dora’s first picture was a tree full of green leaves. Day by day, the weather got cooler. The leaves slowly 6 their colour and tiny apples appeared among them. 7 , Dora drew her last picture of the tree. It had a lot of red apples. Now it was time to return home. When She entered the house, Mum and Dad were 8 her on the sofa. Each of them was 9 a baby in their arms. “Now you have a sister and a brother!” Dad said. “Wow, I’m the 10 sister in the world!” Dora said happily. “Look! Their faces are as round as red apples. They are so cute.” 1. A．rich B．afraid C．cheerful 2. A．air B．time C．light 3. A．yard B．tree C．baby 4. A．job B．idea C．life 5. A．buy B．take C．draw 6. A．shared B．found C．changed 7. A．Finally B．Really C．Usually 8. A．waiting for B．laughing at C．looking after 9. A．hiding B．training C．holding 10. A．funniest B．smallest C．luckiest 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文讲述Dora通过画苹果树记录时间，最终迎来妹妹和弟弟的温馨故事。 1. 句意：所以当妈妈告诉她六个月后她会有妹妹时，她感到非常高兴。 rich富有的；afraid害怕的；cheerful高兴的。根据“Little Dora always wanted a sister”可知，Dora想要有个妹妹，在得知会有妹妹后，Dora是开心的。故选C。 2. 句意：我怎样才能让时间过得更快呢？ air空气；time时间；light光线。根据“I can’t wait to see”可知，Dora等不及要见妹妹，所以希望时间过得快些。故选B。 3. 句意：我迫不及待想见到宝宝。 yard院子；tree树；baby宝宝。根据“So when Mum told her she would have one in six months, she felt very happy”可知，Dora迫不及待想要见到出生的宝宝。故选C。 4. 句意：当她看到院里的苹果树时，她有了个好主意。 job工作；idea主意；life生活。根据“She decided to”可知，此处体现灵光一现，想出了好主意。故选B。 5. 句意：她决定每天画一棵树的图片。 buy购买；take拍摄；draw绘画。根据“Dora’s first picture was a tree full of green leaves”可知，此处指画画。故选C。 6. 句意：树叶慢慢地变了颜色，中间出现了小苹果。 shared分享；found发现；changed改变。根据“Dora’s first picture was a tree full of green leaves.”和“their colour and tiny apples appeared among them”可知，此处指树叶变色，直到结出果实。故选C。 7. 句意：最后，Dora画了树的最后一幅画。 Finally最终；Really真正地；Usually通常。根据“Dora drew her last picture of the tree.”和“Now it was time to return home”可知，最后，Dora画了最后一幅画后回家了。故选A。 8. 句意：当她进屋时，爸爸妈妈正在沙发上等她。 waiting for等待；laughing at嘲笑；looking after照顾。根据“When She entered the house”和“Now you have a sister and a brother!”可知，父母抱着Dora的弟弟妹妹在等Dora。故选A。 9. 句意：他们中每人怀里都抱着一个婴儿。 hiding隐藏；training训练；holding抱着。根据“in their arms”可知，此处指抱着婴儿。故选C。 10. 句意：“哇！我是世界上最幸运的姐姐！”Dora开心地说。 funniest最有趣的；smallest最小的；luckiest最幸运的。根据“Dora said happily”以及双胞胎降临的意外惊喜可知，此处Dora感觉能拥有弟弟和妹妹是最幸运的。故选C。 Passage 2 （2025·广东佛山·三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Zhang Yugun is head of Heihumiao Primary School in Henan Province. After graduation in 2001, Zhang chose to work in the 1 countryside. Over the past 23 years, he has 2 many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the village. However, he has stayed on and made every effort to help the children 3 their problems. One winter, travelling on the mountain road was much more 4 than usual. The school was about to start, but those students’ 5 were still in a town outside the village. Then Zhang and another teacher left early in the morning with a shoulder pole (扁担). They carried back kilos of books. When they 6 the school, they were both covered in mud (泥), but the books were protected well. In 2006, a new 7 was built in the village, so Zhang started to carry the books with a motorbike. Although four motorbikes broke down, he never 8 . To provide better 9 for the students whose parents had left the village to work in the city, Zhang asked his wife to give up her job to help cook and clean for the students. Thanks to the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumiao Primary School are 10 to learn at school and hope for a brighter future. 1. A．dirty B．poor C．beautiful D．clean 2. A．made B．helped C．seen D．heard 3. A．solve B．create C．explain D．recognize 4. A．expensive B．interesting C．enjoyable D．difficult 5. A．clothes B．pens C．books D．schoolbags 6. A．got to B．set up C．broke into D．pointed at 7. A．school B．road C．park D．museum 8. A．changed B．appeared C．stopped D．left 9. A．care B．environment C．food D．books 10. A．interested B．able C．happy D．surprised 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文讲述张玉滚扎根乡村教育23年，克服艰苦条件坚持教书育人的感人事迹。 1. 句意：2001年毕业后，张选择到贫困的农村工作。 dirty肮脏的；poor贫穷的；beautiful美丽的；clean干净的。根据后文“poor conditions in the village”可知，是贫穷农村。故选B。 2. 句意：在过去23年里，由于村里条件艰苦，他目睹许多老师来了又走。 made使；helped帮助；seen看见；heard听见。根据“Over the past 23 years, he has ... many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the village.”可知，他目睹许多老师来了又走，“seen”体现目睹老师流动。故选C。 3. 句意：然而，他留了下来，竭尽全力帮助孩子们解决他们的问题。 solve解决；create创造；explain解释；recognize认出。根据“However, he has stayed on and made every effort to help the children ... their problems.”可知，“solve problems”是固定搭配，意为解决问题。故选A。 4. 句意：有一年冬天，在山路上行走比往常要艰难得多。 expensive昂贵的；interesting有趣的；enjoyable令人愉快的；difficult困难的。根据“One winter, travelling on the mountain road was much more ... than usual.”可知，冬天山路行走应更困难。故选D。 5. 句意：学校即将开学，但那些学生的课本还在村子外的一个小镇上。 clothes衣服；pens钢笔；books书籍；schoolbags书包。根据“They carried back kilos of books.”可知，此处指学生的课本。故选C。 6. 句意：当他们抵达学校时，浑身满是泥巴，但书本保护得很好。 got to到达；set up建立；broke into闯入；pointed at指向。根据“...the school, they were both covered in mud (泥), but the books were protected well.”，可知此处指到达学校。故选A。 7. 句意：2006年，村里修了一条新道路，张开始骑摩托车运送书本。 school学校；road道路；park公园；museum博物馆。根据“In 2006, a new ... was built in the village, so Zhang started to carry the books with a motorbike.”可知，建路后方便骑摩托。故选B。 8. 句意：尽管骑坏了四辆摩托车，他从未放弃。 changed改变；appeared出现；stopped停止；left离开。根据“Although four motorbikes broke down, he never ...”可知，“stopped”体现他没因摩托坏而停止运书。故选C。 9. 句意：为了给那些父母离乡进城务工的学生提供更好的照顾，张让妻子辞去工作，帮忙为学生做饭、打扫卫生。 care照料；environment环境；food食物；books书籍。根据“To provide better ... for the students whose parents had left the village to work in the city, Zhang asked his wife to give up her job to help cook and clean for the students.”可知，妻子帮忙做饭清洁属于生活照料。故选A。 10. 句意：多亏有像张这样的老师，黑虎庙小学的学生能够在学校安心学习，对更光明的未来满怀憧憬。 interested感兴趣的；able能够；happy开心的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Thanks to the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumiao Primary School are ... to learn at school and hope for a brighter future.”可知，“be able to”是固定搭配，意为能够。故选B。 Passage 3 （2025·云南昆明·三模）从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 When I was in the third grade, I took part in a school play. I would 1 an important role in the play. I acted 2 the princess, so my mother helped me practice my words for weeks. But once on the stage, every word disappeared from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator (旁白) for the play. 3 I didn’t tell my mother what happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness and asked if I wanted to go for a 4 in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) among roses in the garden. “I think I’ll dig up (挖光) all these dandelions,” my mother said. “From now on, we’ll only have 5 in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I disagreed, “All flowers are 6 —even dandelions!” My mother looked at me 7 . “Yes, every flower gives beauty in its own way, doesn’t it?” she asked. I nodded. “And that is true for people, too. When I 8 that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the truth.” But you will be a wonderful narrator.” she said, reminding me of 9 I loved to read stories aloud to her. Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I got to know that 10 had his or her own value in the world. I liked my role in the play very much. 1. A．work B．play C．make D．study 2. A．in B．at C．as D．for 3. A．Because B．But C．Unless D．Although 4. A．walk B．race C．trip D．camp 5. A．trees B．beans C．dandelions D．roses 6. A．healthy B．fresh C．beautiful D．surprised 7. A．seriously B．comfortably C．especially D．heavily 8. A．realized B．remembered C．imagined D．doubted 9. A．how often B．how long C．how many D．how much 10. A．someone B．everyone C．anyone D．no one 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. D 10. B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因为过于紧张失去了表演公主的机会，妈妈用花园里的玫瑰和蒲公英的用处告诉女儿，每个人都有自己存在的价值。 1. 句意：我将在剧中扮演一个重要角色。 work工作；play玩，扮演；make制作；study学习。play a role是固定搭配，意为“扮演角色”。故选B。 2. 句意：我扮演公主的角色，所以我妈妈帮我练习台词练了好几个星期。 in在……里；at在几点；as作为；for为。act as是固定搭配，意为“扮演……角色”。故选C。 3. 句意：尽管那天我没有告诉妈妈发生了什么，但她注意到了我的不开心，问我是否想去花园里散步。 Because因为；But但是；Unless除非；Although虽然。分析句子结构可知，空处需Although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 4. 句意：尽管那天我没有告诉妈妈发生了什么，但她注意到了我的不开心，问我是否想去花园里散步。 walk散步；race比赛；trip旅行；camp野营。go for a walk是固定搭配，意为“散步”。故选A。 5. 句意：妈妈说：“从今以后，花园里只会有玫瑰。” trees树；beans豆；dandelions蒲公英；roses玫瑰花。根据“ ‘I think I’ll dig up (挖光) all these dandelions,’ my mother said.”可知，妈妈想挖光蒲公英，故花园里只会有玫瑰。故选D。 6. 句意：所有的花都是美丽的——即使是蒲公英！ healthy健康的；fresh新鲜的；beautiful美丽的；surprised吃惊的。根据下文“every flower gives beauty in its own way”可知，每朵花都有独特的美，故空处指“美丽的”。故选C。 7. 句意：妈妈认真地看着我。 seriously认真地；comfortably舒服地；especially特殊地；heavily沉重地。根据“My mother looked at me...”可知，妈妈和作者在讨论深刻话题，故而认真地看着作者。故选A。 8. 句意：当我意识到她猜到了我的痛苦时，我哭了告诉她真相。 realized意识到；remembered记得；imagined想象；doubted怀疑。根据“she had guessed my pain”可知，妈妈猜到了作者的痛苦，这是作者意识到的。故选A。 9. 句意：母亲提醒我，我多么喜欢为她大声朗读故事。 how often多久一次；how long多长时间；how many多少，修饰可数名词复数；how much多少，修饰不可数名词。根据“...I loved to read stories aloud to her.”可知，此处强调“喜欢的程度”，需用how much强调情感强度。故选D。 10. 句意：多亏了我妈妈的鼓励，我明白了，世界上每个人都有他/她自己的价值。 someone某人；everyone每个人；anyone任何人；no one没有人。根据“had his or her own value in the world.”可知，每个人都有独特价值。故选B。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$