Unit 5 Working the Land Reading and Thinking 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Period 1 Reading and Thinking Unit 5 Working the Land Period 1 Reading and Thinking同步练习 一、单词拼写 1.The film has a strong 　　　　　　(特色) of rural life.  2.After the 　　　　　　(炸弹) warning,police cleared the streets.  3.We can get around the problem of space by building an 　　　　　　(扩建部分).  4.The factory was fined for letting out 　　　　　　(化学品) into the river.  5.W　　　　　　 is grown in places which have cold winters and warm,dry summers.  6.The survey was carried out in both u　　　　　　 and rural areas.  7.Trains will speed through the Channel 　　　　　(隧道) at 186 mph.  8. Experts __________ (估计) that the consumption of gas will increase by 10% next year. 9. Output consists of both exports and sales on the __________ (国内的) market. 10. They built a wall to avoid __________(土壤) being washed away. 11. The __________ (化学制品) do great harm to human health. 12. We can surely __________(克服) these difficulties as long as we are closely united. 二、单句语法填空 1.The tree 　　　　　　(estimate) to be at least 700 years old.  2.He escaped from 　　　　　　(real) by going to the cinema every afternoon.  3.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the 　　　　　　(assume) you’ve made.  4.Scientists are convinced 　　　　　　the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.  5.From my first job at the restaurant,I learned team-work and 　　　　　　(devote).  6.He hopes the event will take place every year and expand 　　　　　　neighboring countries.  7．My conclusion was based on the          (assume) that the new method could yield wonderful results. 8．The educator             (overcome) with great sadness，tears rolling down without control. 9.Ultimately，he succeeded      turning his dream into reality. 10．On weekends my mother allows me          (buy) some cookies in a grocery store. 三、课文语法填空 Yuan Longping，who 1. __________ (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”，considered himself a farmer. When he was young，2. __________ concerned him most was farmers’ 3. __________ (short) of food to eat，so he chose to study agriculture at college. After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher and devoted himself 4. __________ creating a kind of hybrid rice，which could attain a higher yield. In 1974，he succeeded in 5. __________(make) it 6. __________ reality. Today，about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7. __________ (generate) from his hybrid strains，for which he received numerous awards both in China and abroad. But the humorous old “farmer” 8. __________ (care) little for celebrity or money. Even in his 9. __________ (late) years，he tried 10. __________ (fulfil) his dreams of ridding the world of hunger. 四、阅读理解 A Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas，stuck inside volcanic rocks，filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans. Now，new research suggests that a simple，cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap(水龙头): boiling and filtering(过滤) it.In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters，researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially，this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.In the study，boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate，boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally，the research didn’t include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene，polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still，the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water，scientists found earlier this year，contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake.“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice，” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay，an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research，tells New Scientist.“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 1.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept. C. By giving examples. D. By providing statistics. 2.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time. C. The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water. 3.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A. The importance of plastic recycling. B. The severity of the microplastic problem. C. The danger in overusing pure water. D. The difficulty in treating polluted water. 4.What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about? A. Choice of new research methods. B. Possible direction for further study. C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the findings. B Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does.Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa，where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant，supermarket，and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns，food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.But last month，one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively(专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March，Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED，and served items like fried skate cartilage，a juice pulp burger，and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue(收入)，and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled.Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems，but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage.Instead，all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving.Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews，it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment；Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.Nevertheless，it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability，and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 5.What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A. He witnessed food shortage. B. He enjoyed the local cuisine. C. He donated food to Africans. D. He helped to cook at home. 6.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A. To customize dishes for guests. B. To make the public aware of food waste. C. To test a food processing method. D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. 7.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Why the ingredients were used. B. Which dishes were best liked. C. What the dishes were made of. D. Where the ingredients were bought. 8.What can we learn about wastED? A. It has ended as planned. B. It is creating new jobs. C. It has regained popularity. D. It is criticized by top chefs. 五、七选五 If you’ve known that the cause of fatness in the United States is fat，you’re not alone. 1 . Researchers found that sugar is the real cause and is the driving force behind diabetes(糖尿病) and fatness.Here are four ways to cut down today. Stop drinking soda This one is a no-brainer.Sweetened drinks account for about 47 percent of added sugar in the American diet，and they are essentially nutrient-free calorie-delivery vehicles. 2 ，more than your entire daily limit.If you drink soda for the caffeine，switch to tea or coffee. Watch your breakfast 3 . Flavored yogurts，for example，are loaded with sugar，and fruit juices are an easy way to drink tons of sugar without realizing.For your morning meal，try to eat more grain-based foods with low or little sugar，like Cheerios，plain oatmeal(燕麦片)，bread and homemade granola(格兰诺拉麦片)． Check the sauces As with breakfast foods，food producers sneak more sugar into sauces and ingredients than you’d guess—for example，two of the four biggest ingredients in Heinz Ketchup are sweeteners，Mr Leonhardt writes. 4，and watch out for sugar by another name，like high fructose(果糖)． Try to reset the diet If you try to stop taking in sugar for a month，you will find that the amount of sugar you’ve unknowingly eaten is truly shocking. 5 . The next time you’re making a big shopping trip at the grocery store，stop to read the ingredient label of every single thing you buy.Watch out for keywords that are used to cover up sugar and watch how much sugar you’ve been eating without even realizing it. A. You are，however，wrong B. Eat your fruit in its whole form C. Sugar is hard to avoid，but it can be done D. If a full month sounds difficult，try this E. A 16-ounce bottle of Coke contains 52 grams of sugar F. Read the labels on sauces and see how high sugar is listed G. Sugar is secretly put into many breakfast foods that are marketed as “healthy” or “natural” 参考答案 一、单词拼写 1.flavour　2.bomb　3.extension　4.chemicals　5.Wheat　6.urban　7.Tunnel 8．estimate　9．domestic　10．soil　11．chemicals　12．overcome 二、单句语法填空 1.is estimated　2.reality　3.assumption　4.of　5.devotion　 6.to 7．assumption　 8．was overcome　 9．in　10．to buy　 三、课文语法填空 1．was known　2．what　3．shortage　4．to　5．making　6．a　7．generated　8．cared　9．later　10．to fulfil 四、阅读理解 1【答案】C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段首先指出微塑料在全球范围内已成为一种常见的污染源，随后举例说明了微塑料污染的普遍性。故选C项。 2【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Crucially，this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.In the study，boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate，boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.”可知，含有更多碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降的更多。因此，决定去除水中微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度(即碳酸钙含量)。故选A项。 3【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even bottled water，scientists found earlier this year，contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.”可知，瓶装水的微塑料含量是起初认为的10到1 000倍，由此可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B项。 4【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Gauchotte-Lindsay 说的话“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice”和“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”可知，Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议与这项发现的潜在应用有关，即升级饮用水处理厂。故选D项。 5【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa，where the phrase ‘there are children starving in Africa’ was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.”可知，作者在南非长大，“非洲有孩子正在挨饿”是事实，由此可推知，作者早年目睹过食物短缺现象。故选A项。 6【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.”可知，Blue Hill餐厅进行这个实验是为了提高公众对食物浪费的认识。故选B项。 7【答案】C 【解析】段落大意题。根据文章第五段“It should be noted that none...Instead，all the ingredients(配料) used were... Things like...with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine.”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED实验菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣掉的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C项。 8【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews，it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment；Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.”可知，wastED从一开始就被计划为短期实验，Blue Hill 餐厅现已恢复常规菜单。由此推断，wastED已按计划结束。故选A项。 五、七选五 1.【答案】A 【解析】上文谈到你认为在美国肥胖的原因是脂肪，下文谈到“sugar is the real cause”(糖是真正的原因)，所以选择A项“然而，你错了”。 2.【答案】E 【解析】本段建议“停止喝碳酸饮料”，E项“一瓶16盎司的可口可乐中含有52克糖”符合题意，同时与下文“高于每日限量的总和”逻辑一致，故选择E项。 3.【答案】G 【解析】本段建议“留意你的早餐”，G项“许多标榜健康或天然的早餐食品中都偷偷地添加了糖”符合题意，同时下文提到的“调味酸奶中含有大量的糖”正是早餐里含糖的例子，故选择G项。 4.【答案】F 【解析】本段建议“检查调味汁”，根据下文“and watch out for sugar by another name，like high fructose(果糖)”可知这是调味料标签上糖的名称，故F项“阅读调味料上的标签，看看含糖量有多高”符合题意。 5.【答案】D 【解析】根据上文“If you try to stop taking in sugar for a month”中的“for a month”可知，D项的“If a full month sounds difficult”(如果整整一个月听起来很难的话)与其保持一致，故选择D项。本段建议尝试饮食重置，如果一个月听起来太难实现，便给出另一个建议，下次去杂货店购物时，停下来看看你买的每一样东西的成分标签。 第1页 共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$