Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy（重难词汇精练）英语译林版2020必修第二册

Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1-2 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2-5 题型四、单句语法填空 5-8 题型五、单词拼写 8-11 题型六、完成句子 11-13 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一、语篇语法填空 13-14 题型二、应用文写作 14-15 题型一、词性转换 1. ________ n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→________ vt. 祝贺 2. ________ vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→________ n. 假定；设想 3. ________ vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看→________ n. 趋势；倾向；偏好 4. ________ n. 能，能量；精力；能源→________ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 5. ________ n. 伤害，损伤→________ vt. 伤害，损伤→________ adj. 受伤的 6. ________ n. 配备，装备；设备→________ v. 配备；装备 7. ________ vi. & vt. 缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺→________ adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8. ________ vt. 宣布，宣告；通知→________ n. 宣布，宣告；通知→________ n. 播音员；宣告者 9. ________ vi. 犹豫，迟疑→________ n. 犹豫，迟疑→________ adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的 10. ________ vt. & vi. 承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→________ n. 允许进入；承认；入场费 11. ________ vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→________ n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→________ adj. 受鼓舞的→________ adj. 鼓舞人心的 12. ________ vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察→________n n. 探险；探索，探究→________ n. 探险者 13. ________ n. 满意；满足，达到→________ vt. 满足；使满意→________ adj. 令人满意的→________ adj. 满足的；(感到)满意的 14. ________ vi. 存在；生活，生存→________ n. 生存；存在→________ adj. 目前的，现有的 15. ________ vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出→________ n. 呼吸→________ adj. 气喘吁吁的 【答案】 1. congratulation; congratulate 2. assume; assumption 3. tend; tendency 4. energy; energetic 5. injury; injure; injured 6. equipment; equip 7. lack; lacking 8. announce; announcement; announcer 9. hesitate; hesitation; hesitant 10. admit; admission 11. inspire; inspiration; inspired; inspiring 12. explore; exploration; explorer 13. satisfaction; satisfy; satisfying/satisfactory; satisfied 14. exist; existence; existing 15. breathe; breath; breathless 题型二、核心短语 1. ________________创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2. ________________长期 3. ________________持续，坚持 4. ________________弥补，补偿 5. ________________对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6. ________________对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7. ________________略有不适，不舒服 8. ________________不足为奇，并不奇怪 9. ________________起源于 10. ________________阻止…… 11. ________________克服 12. ________________保持，维持 【答案】 1. do wonders 2. over the long term 3. stick with 4. make up for 5. put the finishing touches to 6. in response to 7. under the weather 8. no wonder 9. be rooted in 10. prevent...from... 11. get over 12. keep up 题型三、一词多用 congratulation 1. I’m writing this email to congratulate you ________ your passing the final exam. 2. ________(congratulate) on your winning the first prize in the Chinese calligraphy contest!   3. 我本来希望送给彼得一件礼物祝贺他结婚, 但没有做到。 I had hoped to send Peter a gift to ________________, but I couldn’t manage it.  【答案】 1. on 2. Congratulations 3. congratulate him on his marriage assume 1. ________(assume) that you will be given an opportunity to go abroad, where will you go? 2. His actions were based on a false ________(assume). 3. If the package is wrapped well, we usually assume the contents ________(be) good as well/are good as well. 4. 假如没有发生严重灾难, 经济将会继续好转。 The economy will go on improving ________________ no serious disasters happen. 【答案】 1. Assuming 2. assumption 3. to be 4. on the assumption that do wonders 1. It’s ________ wonder that he refuses to assume the responsibility. 2. ________ is no wonder that you have made such great progress in your Chinese study. 3. The boy looked at the stranger ________ wonder. 4.培养一种爱好或发挥天赋, 这对增强信心起着不可思议的作用。 Taking up a hobby or refining a talent can ________________ for your confidence. 【答案】 1. a 2. It 3. in 4. do wonders tend 1. When I’m tired, I tend ________(make) mistakes. 2. She has a strong natural ________(tend) towards caution. 3. 她对于照顾病人更感兴趣。 She was more interested in ________________. 【答案】 1. to make 2. tendency 3. tending patients reduce 1. Costs have been reduced ________ 20% over the past year. 2. The employees in the company were reduced ________ 100 last year. 3. He was reduced to ________(beg) for a living because of poverty. 【答案】 1. by 2. to 3. begging range 1. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had ________ range of words that express different grades of gratitude. 2. The price of the car is ________ of his range. 3. 他的爱好从踢足球到听音乐。 His interests ________________ playing football ________ listening to music. 【答案】 1. a 2. out 3. range from; to make up for 1. I think it’s very unkind of you to make ________ stories about him. 2. He rose from his seat and made ________ the door. 3. Hard work can make up ________ a lack of ability. 4. 我们仍然能去, 但3点以前无法到达那里。 We could still ________________, but we won’t get there before three. 【答案】 1. up 2. for 3. for 4. make it injury 1. Instead of dropping out of the game because of ________(injure), he carried on. 2. The man in his car ________(injure)by the big stone rolling down in the landslide yesterday. 3. 如果你试图提起那个很重的手提箱, 你会伤着自己的。 If you try to lift the heavy suitcase, you’ll ________________________. 【答案】 1. injury 2. was injured 3. do yourself an injury/do an injury to yourself prevent 1. Nothing would prevent him ________ speaking out against injustice. 2. We still have a long way to go in pandemic ________(prevent) and control. 3. 大卫患了一种脑部疾病, 使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。 David had a brain disease which ________ him from walking or running like other children. 【答案】 1. from 2. prevention 3. prevented lack 1. The project had hung fire for several years ________ lack of funds. 2. She felt nervous, increasingly ________(lack) in confidence about herself. 3. 尽管缺乏经验, 他最终仍然获得了这份工作。 Despite his ________________, he still got the job in the end. 【答案】 1. for 2. lacking 3. lack of experience announce 1. We are pleased to announce ________ all five candidates are successful. 2. Today’s ________(announce) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. 3. 据宣布, 将有新的限速规定出台。 ________________ new speed restrictions would be introduced. 【答案】 1. that 2. announcement 3. It was announced that in response to 1. I received an encouraging ________(respond) to my application for the job. 2. I asked him his name, but he didn’t respond ________ me. 3. 应你的要求, 我写信简要介绍一下京剧。 I’m writing to give a brief introduction of Beijing Opera ________________ your request. 【答案】 1. response 2. to 3. in response to replace 1. Mr Black announced that his son would replace him ________(take) charge of the company. 2. The report says that millions of jobs will be replaced ________ artificial intelligence (AI), robots and automation. 3. I will no longer use one-off things and replace plastic bags ________ paper bags. 4. 课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 →Computers can never ________________ teachers in the classroom. →Computers can never ________________ teachers in the classroom. 【答案】 1. to take 2. by 3. with 4. replace; take the place of hesitate 1. If you want to know more details, please don’t hesitate ________(get) in touch with me. 2. He promised he would have no more ________(hesitate) in pursuing reforms. 3. 我毫不犹豫地向她推荐了这个工作。 →I recommended the job to her ________________. →________________ in recommending the job to her. 【答案】 1. to get 2. hesitations 3. without hesitation; I had no hesitation admit 1. You will not be admitted ________ the theatre after the performance has started. 2. They tried to get into the club but were refused ________(admit). 3. He didn’t hesitate to admit ________ a serious mistake. 4. He was admitted ________ a member of the school basketball team. 5. 我听说她被一所重点大学录取。 I heard that she ________________ a key university. 【答案】 1. to 2. admission 3. making/having made 4. as 5. had been admitted into/to inspire 1. His ________ speech was a great ________ to us. We were ________ by not only his words but also his action. (inspire) 2.“冰墩墩”与之前的熊猫吉祥物的不同之处就在于它的冰晶外壳, 冰晶外壳的灵感来源于冰糖葫芦。 What makes Bing Dwen Dwen different from previous panda mascots is the icy shell ________________________. 【答案】 1. inspiring; inspiration; inspired 2. which is inspired by sugar-coated hawthorns. 题型四、单句语法填空 1. The expert got a serious ________(injure) when travelling to his destination city. 【答案】injury 【详解】考查名词，句意：专家在前往目的地城市时受了重伤。根据前文got a可知，用名词单数形式作宾语。故填injury。 2. Our school is equipped with much advanced ________(equip) bought from abroad. 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校配备了从国外买来的许多先进设备。作介词with宾语，需用名词equipment，不可数。故填equipment。 3. You can lose weight by ________(jog) half an hour every morning. 【答案】jogging 【详解】考查动名词。句意：你可以通过每天早上慢跑半小时来减肥。根据空前by可知，空处需用动名词形式作宾语；jog的动名词形式是jogging，意为“慢跑”。故填jogging。 4. Firstly, seek out the ground spot, the place where the watermelon rested on the ground during its ripening phase. This spot should have a particular color, ________(range) from pale yellow all the way to a deep golden yellow. The darker and richer this spot, the more time the watermelon had to mature before harvesting. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个点应该有一个特定的颜色，从淡黄色一直到深金黄色。句中已有谓语动词should have，空处应用非谓语，color与range为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填ranging。 5. I bought my mom flowers to make up ________ forgetting her birthday last week. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：我给妈妈买了花，来弥补上周忘记她生日这件事。分析句子可知，这里考查make up for，意为 “弥补、补偿”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故填for。 6. He was fed up with food ________(lack) local characteristics and all tasting the same.   【答案】lacking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他受够了那些缺乏地方特色且味道都一样的食物。“(lack) local characteristics”在句中作后置定语，lack(缺乏)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语food之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填lacking。 7. A few of my classmates, ________(assume) that I was some kind of cheater, began to ask me for answers to the test. 【答案】assuming 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：我的几个同学，认为我是某种作弊者，开始问我的答案。began是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，A few of my classmates和assume之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填assuming。 8. On arriving there, we offered our ________(congratulate) to him on his success in the project. 【答案】congratulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：一到那里，我们就祝贺他在项目中取得成功。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作动词offered的宾语，congratulate的名词为congratulation，通常用复数形式表示“祝贺”，offer one’s congratulations to sb. on sth.意为“因某事向某人表示祝贺”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故填congratulations。 9. This system made rebuilding and ________(maintain) the buildings much more efficient. 【答案】maintaining 【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个系统使得建筑的重建和维护更加高效。所填应是动名词形式，与空前“rebuilding”并列，作动词“made”的宾语。故填maintaining。 10. The automobile gave people a freedom of ________ (move) previously unknown. 【答案】movement 【详解】考查名词。句意：汽车给人们带来了前所未有的行动自由。分析句子可知，设空处位于介词of后，应用名词形式作宾语，move的名词形式为movement，意为“移动；运动”，符合句意。故填movement。 11. I haven’t started writing the novel yet; I’m still waiting for the ________(inspire). 【答案】inspiration 【详解】考查名词。句意：我还没有开始写这部小说呢；我还在等待灵感的降临。作介词的宾语，用inspire的名词inspiration。故填inspiration。 12. Your great efforts will get you ________(admit) to a key university. 【答案】admitted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：你付出的巨大努力会让你被一所重点大学录取。根据语境“巨大努力、重点大学”推测，此处需用“get + 宾语 + 过去分词作宾补 (使……被……)”。you与admit是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式admitted。故填admitted。 13. We are ________(satisfy) that the problem was settled to everyone’s ________(satisfy). 【答案】satisfied; satisfaction 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：问题得到了令所有人满意的解决，我们很满意。第一空，空前的are为系动词，后应接形容词作表语，satisfy的形容词形式satisfied意为“感到满意的”，用于修饰人，be satisfied that…表示“对……感到满意”，符合语境；第二空，空前的everyone’s为名词所有格，后应接satisfy的名词形式satisfaction作介词to的宾语，意为“满意，满足”，且“to one’s + 名词”为固定结构，表示“令某人……的是”，to one’s satisfaction，意为“使某人满意”，符合语境语法。故填①satisfied；②satisfaction。 14. The ________ determined to ________ the lonely island in the Pacific Ocean in order to write his new story about ________. (explore) 【答案】explorer; explore; exploration 【详解】考查名词和动词。句意：这位探险家决心前往太平洋上那座荒凉的岛屿进行探索，以便撰写他关于探险的新故事。第一空作主语，表示“探险家”用名词explorer，为特指用单数；第二空表示“探索”用动词explore，且上文为短语determine to do sth.，所以动词使用原形形式；第三空作介词的宾语，表示“探险”，用名词exploration，不可数。故填①explorer；②explore；③exploration。 15. In contrast to the fossil fuels, renewable energy, as the name suggests, ________(exist) permanently. 【答案】exists 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：与化石燃料相比，顾名思义，可再生能源是永久存在的。句子描述的是可再生能源的客观属性，时态应用一般现在时；主语renewable energy为不可数名词，谓语应用动词exist“存在”的第三人称单数形式。故填exists。 16. Studies have shown that spending time in nature can help lower stress levels, reduce anxiety, and ________(breath) easier. 【答案】breathe 【详解】考查动词。句意：研究表明，置身于大自然中有助于降低压力水平、减少焦虑，还能更轻松地呼吸。分析句子可知，设空处与“lower”“reduce”并列，作help的宾语补足语，can为情态动词，同时符合 “help sb. do sth.”，即“帮助某人做某事”的固定用法，应填动词原形，breath的动词形式是breathe，意为“呼吸”。故填breathe。 17. My muscles ________(ache)and my knees were shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 【答案】were aching 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我的肌肉疼痛，膝盖发抖。设空处在句中作谓语，结合后文的were shaking可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性，主语my muscles为复数，be动词应用were。故填were aching。 18. There is a need for greater ________(diverse) and choice in sport activities. 【答案】diversity 【详解】考查名词。句意：体育活动需要更多的多样性和选择性。and连接两个并列结构，and后是名词choice，所以这里应用名词，一起并列作for的宾语。diversity意为“多样性”，为不可数名词。故填diversity。 19. I called the office to update them ________ the day’s developments. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：我打电话给办公室，向他们汇报当天的最新进展。update sb. on sth.为固定搭配，表示“向某人汇报最新信息，给某人提供最新信息”，所以空处应用介词on，符合题意。故填on。 20. One day with a basket of vegetables, he announced ________ us that he was going to cook a delicious dish. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：一天，他提着一篮子蔬菜向我们宣布他要做一道美味的菜。announce sth. to sb.，表示“向某人宣布某事”，故填to。 题型五、单词拼写 (根据句意/汉语提示/首字母单词填空) 1. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a ________. 【答案】disease 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于在给这个木乃伊拍摄的X光片上有奇怪的斑点，医生们一直在试图查明这位女性是否死于某种疾病。根据句意“疾病”可知用名词disease，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填disease。 2. The school offers a variety of after-school activities, ________(范围是) from art clubs to science workshops. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校提供各种各样的课外活动，范围从艺术俱乐部到科学工作坊。根据汉语提示可知，表示“范围是”应用动词range，range from…to…表示“从……到……范围内变化”；分析句子结构可知，逗号前为完整的句子，句中已有谓语动词offers，且空处与主句之间没有连词，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语a variety of after-school activities与动词range之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填ranging。 3. The authorities have said they will attempt to m________(维持) essential services.) 【答案】maintain/aintain 【详解】考查动词。句意：当局表示，他们将努力确保基本服务的正常运行。根据中英文提示可知用动词maintain，此处为不定式作宾语，故填maintain。 4. People set up a lot of ________(设备) to celebrate the festivals. 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们会搭建很多设备来庆祝节日。空处应用名词，作宾语；根据汉语提示，equipment表示设备，为不可数名词。故填equipment。 5. On hearing you achieving success, we’d like to express our sincere c________ to you. 【答案】congratulations/ongratulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：听到你取得成功，我们想向你表示诚挚的祝贺。此处为名词作宾语，根据首字母提示及语境，此处表示“祝贺”，应为名词congratulation；congratulation常用复数形式congratulations，express one’s sincere congratulations to sb.为固定搭配，意为“向某人表示诚挚的祝贺”，符合句意。故填congratulations。 6. The legs should be gently ________(伸展) in this exercise. 【答案】stretched 【详解】考查动词。句意：在这个练习中，腿应该轻轻地伸展。“伸展”常见英文是stretch。根据句子结构，legs和stretch之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故填stretched。 7. ________(缺乏) experience, he is not qualified for this job. 【答案】Lacking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏经验，他不具备这份工作的任职资格。根据提示的汉语，表示“缺乏”为lack，在句中作原因状语，he与lack是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式lacking，首字母大写。故填Lacking。 8. Hearing you got admitted to your dream university, I couldn’t wait to send my ________(祝贺). 【答案】congratulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：听说你被梦想中的大学录取了，我迫不及待送上我的祝贺。根据提示的汉语，表示“祝贺”为congratulation，常用复数形式，在句中作send的宾语。故填congratulations。 9. The a________(平均) score of our group rose by 5.2%, which was beyond everyone’s expectation. 【答案】average/verage 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们组的平均分上升了5.2%，这超出了所有人的预期。根据首字母和中文提示可知，此处使用形容词average，修饰名词score，作定语。故填average。 10. The plan is designed to r________ some of the company’s mountainous debt. 【答案】reduce/educe 【详解】考查动词。句意：该计划旨在减少公司堆积如山的部分债务。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词reduce“减少”，空前to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填reduce。 11. In the view of the doctors, tooth ________(伤) is common. 【答案】injury 【详解】考查名词。句意：在医生看来，牙齿损伤是很常见的。空处作主语，结合汉语提示可知，名词injury符合题意，此处为抽象概念，不可数，tooth injury“牙齿损伤”是常用搭配，在句中作主语。故填injury。 12. The book is beautifully illustrated t________. 【答案】throughout/hroughout 【详解】考查副词。句意：这本书从头到尾都有精美的插图。根据首字母t可知，此处应用副词throughout，表示“从头到尾，处处”，作状语，修饰动词illustrated。故填throughout。 13. Her heart was beating with excitement when the host a________ that she won the prize. 【答案】announced/nnounced 【详解】考查动词。句意：当主持人宣布她获奖时，她激动得心跳加速。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应填动词announce，表示“宣布”，在从句中作谓语，结合主句时态可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填announced。 14. To my great satisfaction, the boss thought I was completely qualified for the ________(职位). 【答案】position/post 【详解】考查名词。句意：令我非常满意的是，老板认为我完全胜任这个职位。空处应用名词，作宾语；position/post表示“职位”，符合句意，此处指“我”申请的那个职位，应用单数形式。故填position/post。 15. We have to ________(承认) that many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. 【答案】admit 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们不得不承认当今世界上的许多城市都污染严重。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词admit“承认”，动词不定式符号to后应用动词原形。故填admit。 16. ________(现在；目前), the increasingly competitive life has put many people under great pressure. 【答案】Nowadays 【详解】考查副词。句意：现在，日益激烈的竞争生活让很多人承受着巨大的压力。此处为副词作状语，修饰整个句子，根据汉语提示“现在；目前”，对应的副词是nowadays，符合句意，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Nowadays。 17. She ________(犹豫) slightly before answering the policeman’s question. 【答案】hesitated 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在回答警察的问题之前，她稍微犹豫了一下。根据汉语提示“犹豫”可知，用动词hesitate，句子描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式hesitated。故填hesitated。 18. Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of ________(满意). 【答案】satisfaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，音乐给了我希望和一种满足感。空处应用名词，作宾语；satisfaction为不可数名词，表示“满意、满足”，符合句意。故填satisfaction。 19. He b________(呼吸) deeply before jumping into the cold water. 【答案】breathed/reathed 【详解】考查动词。句意：在跳入冰冷的水中之前，他先深深地吸了一口气。根据汉语提示和首字母b可知，空格处应该用breathe作谓语，由句意和下文的before jumping into the cold water可知，描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填breathed。 20. The teacher’s advice i________(激励) me to work harder. 【答案】inspired/nspired 【详解】考查动词。句意：老师的建议激励我更加努力学习。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“激励”应用inspire，为动词，在本句中作谓语，再由语境可知，这里时态可用一般过去时表过去情况。故填inspired。 21. After the long hike, my legs began to ________(隐隐作痛). 【答案】ache 【详解】考查动词。句意：经过漫长的徒步旅行后，我的双腿开始疼痛起来。根据汉语提示可知用动词ache，此处为不定式作宾语。故填ache。 22. There is a great park n________(附近) and we often go there to take a walk in the evening. 【答案】nearby/earby 【详解】考查副词。句意：附近有一个很棒的公园，我们晚上经常去那里散步。“附近”作地点状语，结合首字母提示，用副词nearby。故填nearby。 题型六、完成句子 1. 花太多的时间和精力在游戏上对我们的健康有害，而且它们是不真实的。(动名词作主语) ________________________________ is harmful to our health and they are not real. 【答案】Spending too much time and energy on games 【详解】考查动名词作主语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“花太多的时间和精力在游戏上”，“花费……在……上”翻译为spend...on...，应用动名词短语作主语；“太多的时间和精力”翻译为too much time and energy；“游戏”翻译为games。故填Spending too much time and energy on games。 2. 这个节目观众很多，从小孩子到爷爷奶奶一辈的都有。 The show had a massive(大量的) audience, ________________ children ________ grandparents. 【答案】ranging from; to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这个节目观众很多，从小孩子到爷爷奶奶一辈的都有。表示“包括从……到……之间”可用动词短语、固定搭配range from…to，此处为非谓语，动词和名词audience之间是主动关系，用其现在分词作后置定语。故填①ranging from；②to。 3. 记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。 Remember to drink throughout exercise to ________________ water lost to sweat. 【答案】make up for 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“弥补”短语为make up for，此处为不定式作目的状语。故填make up for。 4. 委员会成立了，以减少对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。 A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and ________ ________ ________ ________ cultural relics. 【答案】prevent the loss of 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意，此处表示“防止……的损失”，表示“防止”为prevent，与to limit为并列关系，所以此处使用动词原形prevent，表示“……的损失”为the loss of。故填①prevent②the③loss④of。 5. 最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。 Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you’re more likely to ________________ them. 【答案】stick with 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“坚持下去”用固定短语stick with，位于不定式符号to后(be likely to do)，动词用原形。故填stick with。 6. 马克已经用有限的资源创造了奇迹。 Mark has ________ ________ with limited resources. 【答案】done/worked; wonders/miracles 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：马克已经用有限的资源创造了奇迹。“创造奇迹”使用动词短语do/work wonders/miracles，其中名词wonder和miracle使用复数形式表示泛指，作do/work的宾语，动词使用过去分词形式，与空前的has构成现在完成时，符合题意。故填①done/worked②wonders/miracles。 7. 很抱歉听到你觉得学数学很难, 所以我建议你该集中你精力在课程上。 I’m sorry to hear that you find it hard to learn maths well, so I recommended that you should ________ ________ ________ ________ your lesson. 【答案】concentrate/focus your energy on 【详解】考查动词短语。“集中你精力在……上”可用动词短语concentrate/focus your energy on表示，其中your energy为宾语，concentrate/focus是从句谓语动词；动词recommend后宾语从句中用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。故填①concentrate/focus②your ③energy④on。 8. 我认为这部歌剧将对你了解中国独特的传统文化有很大的帮助，并激励你像花木兰一样追求自己的梦想。 I do think the opera will benefit you a lot in understanding the unique traditional Chinese culture and ________________________________ like Mulan. 【答案】inspire you to pursue your dream 【详解】考查动词时态。根据汉语提示，表示“激励某人去做某事”用动词短语inspire sb to do sth，此处使用动词原形与前文的benefit构成并列结构，与前文的will构成一般将来时；表示“追逐你的梦想”用pursue your dream。 故填inspire you to pursue your dream。 9. 我写信是为了申请我们校报的记者职位。 I am writing to ________________ of a reporter for our school newspaper. 【答案】apply for the position 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。“申请”用动词短语apply for，用原形构成不定式短语to apply for作目的状语；“职位”作宾语，用名词position，特指“校报的记者”这一职位，用定冠词the限定。故填apply for the position。 10. 我最近感觉有点不舒服；全身疲惫而且不在状态。 I’ve been feeling a bit ________ ________ ________ recently: generally tired and not myself. 【答案】under the weather 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定短语under the weather“身体不适”，满足句意要求。故填under；the；weather。 题型一、语篇语法填空 (2024-2025学年广西南宁市马山县六校联盟高一下学期期中)If you walk through the park in the morning, you are probably used to 1 (see) a series of beautiful movements performed 2 a slow, focused manner with deep breathing. Today, Tai Chi's incredible powers are shown in its 3 (popular). Millions of lovers of Tai Chi around the world are using the form of martial arts(武术) as an important health-care practice to keep healthy, improve 4 (perform) , manage stress and slow down the process of getting old. According to 5 legend, one day Taoist Zhang Sanfeng, who lived in the late Song Dynasty, saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains. 6 (inspire) by the snake's defense(防御) , he created a set of 72 movements, which used softness and power from inside to defeat brute(残暴的) force. Tai Chi can be practiced anytime and anywhere without equipment or a gym. And learning to do it correctly 7 (give) us a practical way to achieve such things as balance, motor control 8 rhythm(节奏) of movement. Tai Chi's 9 (benefit) certainly go beyond physical ones. For Marleni Calcina from Peru, 10 has practiced Tai Chi for more than 10 years, it's not only a sport, but also a way of life. 【答案】 1. seeing 2. in 3. popularity 4. performance 5. a 6. Inspired 7. gives 8. and 9. benefits 10. who 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太极拳的发展和起源。 1. 考查动名词。句意：如果你在早上走过公园，你可能已经习惯了看到一系列优美的动作以缓慢、专注的方式进行，同时伴有深呼吸。此处为固定短语be used to doing，含义为“习惯于做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填seeing。 2. 考查介词。句意：如果你在早上走过公园，你可能已经习惯了看到一系列优美的动作以缓慢、专注的方式进行，同时伴有深呼吸。此处为固定短语in a manner“以一种方式”，所以应填介词in。故填in。 3. 考查名词。句意：今天，太极令人难以置信的力量体现在它的普及上。由空前“its”为形容词物主代词可知，此处为名词形式。故填popularity。 4. 考查形容词。句意：世界各地数以百万计的太极爱好者正将这种武术形式作为一种重要的保健实践，以保持健康，提高表现，管理压力和减缓衰老的过程。空处做宾语，用“perform”的名词形式performance，含义为“表现”，不可数名词。故填performance。 5. 考查冠词。句意：相传，有一天，宋末道士张三丰在武当山看到一只鸟在攻击一条蛇。根据句意以及空后legend为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一个传说”，legend为首音节辅音单词，所以应填不定冠词a。故填a。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到蛇的防守的激发，他创造了一套72个动作，利用内在的柔软和力量来击败蛮力。此处为句子状语，inspire和逻辑主语he为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Inspired。 7. 考查主谓一致。句意：学习正确的动作给我们提供了一种实用的方法来实现平衡、运动控制和运动节奏。空处为谓语动词，句子阐述客观事实，为一般现在时，“learning to do it”为动名词短语作主语，所以为动词三单形式。故填gives。 8. 考查连词。句意：学习正确的动作给我们提供了一种实用的方法来实现平衡、运动控制和运动节奏。根据句意可知，连接前后三个名词和名词短语balance、motor control和rhythm of movement，应用连词and。故填and。 9. 考查名词复数形式。句意：太极拳的好处当然不仅仅是身体上的。由空前Tai Chi’s为名词所有格可知，此处为名词形式，benefit为可数名词，结合句意可知，应为名词复数形式。故填benefits。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：Marleni Calcina练习太极拳已有10多年了，对她来说，太极拳不仅是一项运动，也是一种生活方式。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Marleni Calcina指人，引导词在从句中作主语成分。故填who。 题型二、应用文写作 (2024-2025学年湖南省永州市第二中学新高一上学期招生检测) Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life 提示： 享受运动，享受生活。你喜欢运动吗？你享受过运动带来的乐趣吗？请以“Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你通过运动享受生活的经历，或谈谈运动给我们带来的好处。 要求： 1. 根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80 ； 2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计； 4. 请将短文写在答题卡上，写在本试题卷上无效。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life More and more people are fond of participating in sports, so am I. Sports are good for my mental, physical and emotional development. First of all, when taking part in sports with others, I learn the importance of team work which is necessary in my life and work. What’s more, not only do I get relaxed in sports but also I can cultivate a lot of good qualities. My favorite sport is table tennis. That’s because I can easily find friends to play it together, and the requirements for venues are very low. Almost all communities and schools have table tennis venues. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次通过运动享受生活的经历，或谈谈运动给我们带来的好处。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 喜欢：be fond of → be keen on 对……有好处：be good for → be beneficial to 参加：take part in → participate in 此外：what’s more → in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Sports are good for my mental, physical and emotional development. 拓展句：Sports, which I engage in regularly, are good for my mental, physical and emotional development. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】First of all, when taking part in sports with others, I learn the importance of team work which is necessary in my life and work.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式和which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】What’s more, not only do I get relaxed in sports but also I can cultivate a lot of good qualities.(运用了not only...but also...连接两个并列的分句，且not only分句运用了部分倒装结构) 13 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2-4 题型四、单句语法填空 4-5 题型五、单词拼写 5-6 题型六、完成句子 6 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一、语篇语法填空 6-7 题型二、应用文写作 7 题型一、词性转换 1. ________ n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→________ vt. 祝贺 2. ________ vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→________ n. 假定；设想 3. ________ vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看→________ n. 趋势；倾向；偏好 4. ________ n. 能，能量；精力；能源→________ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 5. ________ n. 伤害，损伤→________ vt. 伤害，损伤→________ adj. 受伤的 6. ________ n. 配备，装备；设备→________ v. 配备；装备 7. ________ vi. & vt. 缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺→________ adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8. ________ vt. 宣布，宣告；通知→________ n. 宣布，宣告；通知→________ n. 播音员；宣告者 9. ________ vi. 犹豫，迟疑→________ n. 犹豫，迟疑→________ adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的 10. ________ vt. & vi. 承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→________ n. 允许进入；承认；入场费 11. ________ vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→________ n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→________ adj. 受鼓舞的→________ adj. 鼓舞人心的 12. ________ vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察→________n n. 探险；探索，探究→________ n. 探险者 13. ________ n. 满意；满足，达到→________ vt. 满足；使满意→________ adj. 令人满意的→________ adj. 满足的；(感到)满意的 14. ________ vi. 存在；生活，生存→________ n. 生存；存在→________ adj. 目前的，现有的 15. ________ vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出→________ n. 呼吸→________ adj. 气喘吁吁的 题型二、核心短语 1. ________________创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2. ________________长期 3. ________________持续，坚持 4. ________________弥补，补偿 5. ________________对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6. ________________对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7. ________________略有不适，不舒服 8. ________________不足为奇，并不奇怪 9. ________________起源于 10. ________________阻止…… 11. ________________克服 12. ________________保持，维持 题型三、一词多用 congratulation 1. I’m writing this email to congratulate you ________ your passing the final exam. 2. ________(congratulate) on your winning the first prize in the Chinese calligraphy contest!   3. 我本来希望送给彼得一件礼物祝贺他结婚, 但没有做到。 I had hoped to send Peter a gift to ________________, but I couldn’t manage it.  assume 1. ________(assume) that you will be given an opportunity to go abroad, where will you go? 2. His actions were based on a false ________(assume). 3. If the package is wrapped well, we usually assume the contents ________(be) good as well/are good as well. 4. 假如没有发生严重灾难, 经济将会继续好转。 The economy will go on improving ________________ no serious disasters happen. do wonders 1. It’s ________ wonder that he refuses to assume the responsibility. 2. ________ is no wonder that you have made such great progress in your Chinese study. 3. The boy looked at the stranger ________ wonder. 4.培养一种爱好或发挥天赋, 这对增强信心起着不可思议的作用。 Taking up a hobby or refining a talent can ________________ for your confidence. tend 1. When I’m tired, I tend ________(make) mistakes. 2. She has a strong natural ________(tend) towards caution. 3. 她对于照顾病人更感兴趣。 She was more interested in ________________. reduce 1. Costs have been reduced ________ 20% over the past year. 2. The employees in the company were reduced ________ 100 last year. 3. He was reduced to ________(beg) for a living because of poverty. range 1. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had ________ range of words that express different grades of gratitude. 2. The price of the car is ________ of his range. 3. 他的爱好从踢足球到听音乐。 His interests ________________ playing football ________ listening to music. make up for 1. I think it’s very unkind of you to make ________ stories about him. 2. He rose from his seat and made ________ the door. 3. Hard work can make up ________ a lack of ability. 4. 我们仍然能去, 但3点以前无法到达那里。 We could still ________________, but we won’t get there before three. injury 1. Instead of dropping out of the game because of ________(injure), he carried on. 2. The man in his car ________(injure)by the big stone rolling down in the landslide yesterday. 3. 如果你试图提起那个很重的手提箱, 你会伤着自己的。 If you try to lift the heavy suitcase, you’ll ________________________. prevent 1. Nothing would prevent him ________ speaking out against injustice. 2. We still have a long way to go in pandemic ________(prevent) and control. 3. 大卫患了一种脑部疾病, 使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。 David had a brain disease which ________ him from walking or running like other children. lack 1. The project had hung fire for several years ________ lack of funds. 2. She felt nervous, increasingly ________(lack) in confidence about herself. 3. 尽管缺乏经验, 他最终仍然获得了这份工作。 Despite his ________________, he still got the job in the end. announce 1. We are pleased to announce ________ all five candidates are successful. 2. Today’s ________(announce) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. 3. 据宣布, 将有新的限速规定出台。 ________________ new speed restrictions would be introduced. in response to 1. I received an encouraging ________(respond) to my application for the job. 2. I asked him his name, but he didn’t respond ________ me. 3. 应你的要求, 我写信简要介绍一下京剧。 I’m writing to give a brief introduction of Beijing Opera ________________ your request. replace 1. Mr Black announced that his son would replace him ________(take) charge of the company. 2. The report says that millions of jobs will be replaced ________ artificial intelligence (AI), robots and automation. 3. I will no longer use one-off things and replace plastic bags ________ paper bags. 4. 课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 →Computers can never ________________ teachers in the classroom. →Computers can never ________________ teachers in the classroom. hesitate 1. If you want to know more details, please don’t hesitate ________(get) in touch with me. 2. He promised he would have no more ________(hesitate) in pursuing reforms. 3. 我毫不犹豫地向她推荐了这个工作。 →I recommended the job to her ________________. →________________ in recommending the job to her. admit 1. You will not be admitted ________ the theatre after the performance has started. 2. They tried to get into the club but were refused ________(admit). 3. He didn’t hesitate to admit ________ a serious mistake. 4. He was admitted ________ a member of the school basketball team. 5. 我听说她被一所重点大学录取。 I heard that she ________________ a key university. inspire 1. His ________ speech was a great ________ to us. We were ________ by not only his words but also his action. (inspire) 2.“冰墩墩”与之前的熊猫吉祥物的不同之处就在于它的冰晶外壳, 冰晶外壳的灵感来源于冰糖葫芦。 What makes Bing Dwen Dwen different from previous panda mascots is the icy shell ________________________. 题型四、单句语法填空 1. The expert got a serious ________(injure) when travelling to his destination city. 2. Our school is equipped with much advanced ________(equip) bought from abroad. 3. You can lose weight by ________(jog) half an hour every morning. 4. Firstly, seek out the ground spot, the place where the watermelon rested on the ground during its ripening phase. This spot should have a particular color, ________(range) from pale yellow all the way to a deep golden yellow. The darker and richer this spot, the more time the watermelon had to mature before harvesting. 5. I bought my mom flowers to make up ________ forgetting her birthday last week. 6. He was fed up with food ________(lack) local characteristics and all tasting the same.   7. A few of my classmates, ________(assume) that I was some kind of cheater, began to ask me for answers to the test. 8. On arriving there, we offered our ________(congratulate) to him on his success in the project. 9. This system made rebuilding and ________(maintain) the buildings much more efficient. 10. The automobile gave people a freedom of ________ (move) previously unknown. 11. I haven’t started writing the novel yet; I’m still waiting for the ________(inspire). 12. Your great efforts will get you ________(admit) to a key university. 13. We are ________(satisfy) that the problem was settled to everyone’s ________(satisfy). 14. The ________ determined to ________ the lonely island in the Pacific Ocean in order to write his new story about ________. (explore) 15. In contrast to the fossil fuels, renewable energy, as the name suggests, ________(exist) permanently. 16. Studies have shown that spending time in nature can help lower stress levels, reduce anxiety, and ________(breath) easier. 17. My muscles ________(ache)and my knees were shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 18. There is a need for greater ________(diverse) and choice in sport activities. 19. I called the office to update them ________ the day’s developments. 20. One day with a basket of vegetables, he announced ________ us that he was going to cook a delicious dish. 题型五、单词拼写 (根据句意/汉语提示/首字母单词填空) 1. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a ________. 2. The school offers a variety of after-school activities, ________(范围是) from art clubs to science workshops. 3. The authorities have said they will attempt to m________(维持) essential services.) 4. People set up a lot of ________(设备) to celebrate the festivals. 5. On hearing you achieving success, we’d like to express our sincere c________ to you. 6. The legs should be gently ________(伸展) in this exercise. 7. ________(缺乏) experience, he is not qualified for this job. 8. Hearing you got admitted to your dream university, I couldn’t wait to send my ________(祝贺). 9. The a________(平均) score of our group rose by 5.2%, which was beyond everyone’s expectation. 10. The plan is designed to r________ some of the company’s mountainous debt. 11. In the view of the doctors, tooth ________(伤) is common. 12. The book is beautifully illustrated t________. 13. Her heart was beating with excitement when the host a________ that she won the prize. 14. To my great satisfaction, the boss thought I was completely qualified for the ________(职位). 15. We have to ________(承认) that many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. 16. ________(现在；目前), the increasingly competitive life has put many people under great pressure. 17. She ________(犹豫) slightly before answering the policeman’s question. 18. Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of ________(满意). 19. He b________(呼吸) deeply before jumping into the cold water. 20. The teacher’s advice i________(激励) me to work harder. 21. After the long hike, my legs began to ________(隐隐作痛). 22. There is a great park n________(附近) and we often go there to take a walk in the evening. 题型六、完成句子 1. 花太多的时间和精力在游戏上对我们的健康有害，而且它们是不真实的。(动名词作主语) ________________________________ is harmful to our health and they are not real. 2. 这个节目观众很多，从小孩子到爷爷奶奶一辈的都有。 The show had a massive(大量的) audience, ________________ children ________ grandparents. 3. 记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。 Remember to drink throughout exercise to ________________ water lost to sweat. 4. 委员会成立了，以减少对埃及建筑的破坏和防止文物的损失。 A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and ________ ________ ________ ________ cultural relics. 5. 最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。 Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you’re more likely to ________________ them. 6. 马克已经用有限的资源创造了奇迹。 Mark has ________ ________ with limited resources. 7. 很抱歉听到你觉得学数学很难, 所以我建议你该集中你精力在课程上。 I’m sorry to hear that you find it hard to learn maths well, so I recommended that you should ________ ________ ________ ________ your lesson. 8. 我认为这部歌剧将对你了解中国独特的传统文化有很大的帮助，并激励你像花木兰一样追求自己的梦想。 I do think the opera will benefit you a lot in understanding the unique traditional Chinese culture and ________________________________ like Mulan. 9. 我写信是为了申请我们校报的记者职位。 I am writing to ________________ of a reporter for our school newspaper. 10. 我最近感觉有点不舒服；全身疲惫而且不在状态。 I’ve been feeling a bit ________ ________ ________ recently: generally tired and not myself. 题型一、语篇语法填空 (2024-2025学年广西南宁市马山县六校联盟高一下学期期中)If you walk through the park in the morning, you are probably used to 1 (see) a series of beautiful movements performed 2 a slow, focused manner with deep breathing. Today, Tai Chi's incredible powers are shown in its 3 (popular). Millions of lovers of Tai Chi around the world are using the form of martial arts(武术) as an important health-care practice to keep healthy, improve 4 (perform) , manage stress and slow down the process of getting old. According to 5 legend, one day Taoist Zhang Sanfeng, who lived in the late Song Dynasty, saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains. 6 (inspire) by the snake's defense(防御) , he created a set of 72 movements, which used softness and power from inside to defeat brute(残暴的) force. Tai Chi can be practiced anytime and anywhere without equipment or a gym. And learning to do it correctly 7 (give) us a practical way to achieve such things as balance, motor control 8 rhythm(节奏) of movement. Tai Chi's 9 (benefit) certainly go beyond physical ones. For Marleni Calcina from Peru, 10 has practiced Tai Chi for more than 10 years, it's not only a sport, but also a way of life. 题型二、应用文写作 (2024-2025学年湖南省永州市第二中学新高一上学期招生检测) Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life 提示： 享受运动，享受生活。你喜欢运动吗？你享受过运动带来的乐趣吗？请以“Enjoy Sports, Enjoy Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你通过运动享受生活的经历，或谈谈运动给我们带来的好处。 要求： 1. 根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80 ； 2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计； 4. 请将短文写在答题卡上，写在本试题卷上无效。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$