专题23 直接引语与间接引语要点归纳（讲义）-2026版湖南省（对口升学）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第23个专题，内容为直接引语与间接引语。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题23 直接引语与间接引语（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 直接引语是引述原话，用引号，保留原时态、人称等；间接引语是转述，不用引号，需随语境调整。变化含人称 “一随主、二随宾、三不变”，时态依主句推移，指示代词、时间地点状语及部分动词也需转换，不同句型转换结构有别，客观真理时态不变。 ) 【知识点清单一】直接引语与间接引语的概念和用法 【要点精讲】 一、直接引语与间接引语的概念 直接引语和间接引语是英语中引述他人话语的两种方式，核心区别在于是否保留原句的形式和语气。 1. 直接引语（Direct Speech） 概念：直接引用他人的原话，需要用引号（" " 或 ' '）标注，且原话的时态、人称、标点等保持不变，能直观体现说话人的语气和表达方式。 例子： She said, "I will go to the park tomorrow."（她说：“我明天要去公园。”） He asked, "Do you like reading books?"（他问：“你喜欢读书吗？”） The teacher shouted, "Be quiet!"（老师喊道：“安静！”） 2. 间接引语（Indirect Speech / Reported Speech） 概念：用自己的话转述他人的内容，不需要引号，且需要根据语境调整原话的时态、人称、时间状语、地点状语等，以符合转述时的情境。 例子： She said that she would go to the park the next day.（她说她第二天要去公园。） He asked if I liked reading books.（他问我是否喜欢读书。） The teacher told us to be quiet.（老师让我们安静。） 二、人称变化规则 遵循 “一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新” 原则： 第一人称（I/we/my/our 等）随主句主语变化； 第二人称（you/your 等）随主句宾语变化； 第三人称（he/she/it/they 等）不变。 例子： 直接引语：Mary said, “I will buy a new pen.”（第一人称随主语） 间接引语：Mary said (that) she would buy a new pen. 直接引语：He said to me, “You should finish your homework first.”（第二人称随宾语） 间接引语：He told me (that) I should finish my homework first. 直接引语：They said, “She has gone to the library.”（第三人称不变） 间接引语：They said (that) she had gone to the library. 三、时态变化规则 若主句为过去时态（如 said/told 等），直接引语的时态需向过去推移；若主句为现在时 / 将来时，或直接引语是客观真理，时态不变。 直接引语时态 间接引语时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时（would） 过去完成时 不变 例子： 1.一般现在→一般过去： 直接引语：Tom said, “I get up at 7 every morning.” 间接引语：Tom said (that) he got up at 7 every morning. 2.现在进行→过去进行： 直接引语：She said, “My brother is playing basketball.” 间接引语：She said (that) her brother was playing basketball. 3.一般将来→过去将来： 直接引语：He said, “I will go to Beijing next week.” 间接引语：He said (that) he would go to Beijing the next week. 四、指示代词变化规则 this → that（近指变远指） these → those（复数近指变远指） 例子： 直接引语：She said, “This is my favorite book.” 间接引语：She said (that) that was her favorite book. 直接引语：He pointed and said, “These are my old photos.” 间接引语：He pointed and said (that) those were his old photos. 直接引语：They said, “This house is too small.” 间接引语：They said (that) that house was too small. 五、时间状语变化规则 时间状语需根据转述语境调整 “远近”： 直接引语时间状语 间接引语时间状语 now then today that day tomorrow the next day/the following day yesterday the day before ago before this week that week 例子： 直接引语：Lily said, “I will call you now.” 间接引语：Lily said (that) she would call me then. 直接引语：He said, “I met her yesterday.” 间接引语：He said (that) he had met her the day before. 直接引语：She said, “We will have a party tomorrow.” 间接引语：She said (that) they would have a party the next day. 六、地点状语变化规则 here → there（近指地点变远指地点） 例子： 直接引语：He said, “I live here.” 间接引语：He said (that) he lived there. 直接引语：She shouted, “Come here at once!” 间接引语：She shouted (that) we should go there at once. 直接引语：They said, “We will work here next month.” 间接引语：They said (that) they would work there the next month. 七、动词变化规则 部分表示 “方向” 的动词需随地点变化调整： come → go（来→去） bring → take（带来→带去） 例子： 直接引语：She said, “I will come to see you.” 间接引语：She said (that) she would go to see me. 直接引语：He said, “I will bring a gift for you.” 间接引语：He said (that) he would take a gift for me. 直接引语：They said, “We will come and bring snacks.” 间接引语：They said (that) they would go and take snacks. 八、句型转换规则 不同句型的直接引语变间接引语时，需调整引导词和结构： 1. 陈述句 直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语用 “主句 + that 引导的宾语从句”（that 可省略）。 例子： 直接引语：He said, “I have finished my work.” 间接引语：He said (that) he had finished his work. 直接引语：She told me, “My sister is a doctor.” 间接引语：She told me (that) her sister was a doctor. 直接引语：They said, “We will leave at 6 pm.” 间接引语：They said (that) they would leave at 6 pm. 2. 一般疑问句 直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语用 “主句 + if/whether 引导的宾语从句”，且从句用陈述句语序。 例子： 直接引语：He asked, “Do you like English?” 间接引语：He asked if/whether I liked English. 直接引语：She said to Tom, “Are you feeling better?” 间接引语：She asked Tom if/whether he was feeling better. 直接引语：They asked, “Will it rain tomorrow?” 间接引语：They asked if/whether it would rain the next day. 3. 特殊疑问句 直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语用 “主句 + 特殊疑问词（what/when 等）引导的宾语从句”，从句用陈述句语序。 例子： 直接引语：She asked, “Where do you live?” 间接引语：She asked where I lived. 直接引语：He said to her, “When will you go to Shanghai?” 间接引语：He asked her when she would go to Shanghai. 直接引语：They asked, “How did you solve the problem?” 间接引语：They asked how I had solved the problem. 4. 祈使句 直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语用 “ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.”（肯定）或 “ask/tell/order sb. not to do sth.”（否定）。 例子： 直接引语：The teacher said, “Open your books.” 间接引语：The teacher told us to open our books. 直接引语：He said to me, “Don’t smoke here.” 间接引语：He told me not to smoke there. 直接引语：She said, “Please wait for me.” 间接引语：She asked me to wait for her. 九、特殊情况说明 1.直接引语是客观真理（如科学事实、自然规律）时，时态不变（即使主句为过去时）。 例：直接引语：The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” 间接引语：The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. 2.主句为现在时 / 将来时（如 says/will say）时，直接引语时态不变。 例：直接引语：He says, “I am busy now.” 间接引语：He says (that) he is busy now. 【即时训练】 1.He said, “I am reading a book.” → He said that ______ was reading a book. A. I B. he C. she D. they 2.She asked me, “Do you like coffee?” → She asked me ______ I liked coffee. A. that B. what C. if D. which 3.“I will visit you tomorrow,” Tom said to me. → Tom told me that he ______ visit me ______. A. will; tomorrow B. would; the next day C. would; tomorrow D. will; the next day 4.The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” → The teacher said that the earth ______ around the sun. A. goes B. went C. will go D. has gone 5.He said, “These books are mine.” → He said that ______ books were his. A. this B. that C. these D. those 6.“I met her yesterday,” Lucy said. → Lucy said that she ______ her ______. A. met; yesterday B. had met; the day before C. has met; yesterday D. meets; the day before 7.She said, “Come here, Bob.” → She told Bob ______. A. come here B. to come here C. to go there D. go there 8.“Where do you live?” he asked me. → He asked me ______. A. where do I live B. where I live C. where did I live D. where I lived 9.They said, “We have finished our homework.” → They said that they ______ their homework. A. have finished B. had finished C. will finish D. finished 10.“Don’t play in the street,” mother said to me. → Mother told me ______ in the street. A. not to play B. to not play C. don’t play D. not play 11.He said, “I was born in 2000.” → He said that he ______ born in 2000. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been 12.“This is my new car,” she said. → She said that ______ her new car. A. this is B. that is C. this was D. that was 13.“I am waiting for you here,” he said. → He said that he ______ for me ______. A. is waiting; here B. was waiting; there C. was waiting; here D. is waiting; there 14.She said to him, “When will you return the book?” → She asked him ______ return the book. A. when will he B. when he will C. when would he D. when he would 15.“We will have a meeting this week,” they said. → They said that they ______ a meeting ______. A. will have; this week B. would have; that week C. would have; this week D. will have; that week 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第23个专题，内容为直接引语与间接引语。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题23 直接引语与间接引语（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 直接引语是引述原话，用引号，保留原时态、人称等；间接引语是转述，不用引号，需随语境调整。变化含人称 “一随主、二随宾、三不变”，时态依主句推移，指示代词、时间地点状语及部分动词也需转换，不同句型转换结构有别，客观真理时态不变。 ) 【知识点清单一】直接引语与间接引语的概念和用法 【要点精讲】 一、直接引语与间接引语的概念 直接引语和间接引语是英语中引述他人话语的两种方式，核心区别在于是否保留原句的形式和语气。 1. 直接引语（Direct Speech） 概念：直接引用他人的原话，需要用引号（" " 或 ' '）标注，且原话的时态、人称、标点等保持不变，能直观体现说话人的语气和表达方式。 例子： She said, "I will go to the park tomorrow."（她说：“我明天要去公园。”） He asked, "Do you like reading books?"（他问：“你喜欢读书吗？”） The teacher shouted, "Be quiet!"（老师喊道：“安静！”） 2. 间接引语（Indirect Speech / Reported Speech） 概念：用自己的话转述他人的内容，不需要引号，且需要根据语境调整原话的时态、人称、时间状语、地点状语等，以符合转述时的情境。 例子： She said that she would go to the park the next day.（她说她第二天要去公园。） He asked if I liked reading books.（他问我是否喜欢读书。） The teacher told us to be quiet.（老师让我们安静。） 二、人称变化规则 遵循 “一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新” 原则： 第一人称（I/we/my/our 等）随主句主语变化； 第二人称（you/your 等）随主句宾语变化； 第三人称（he/she/it/they 等）不变。 例子： 直接引语：Mary said, “I will buy a new pen.”（第一人称随主语） 间接引语：Mary said (that) she would buy a new pen. 直接引语：He said to me, “You should finish your homework first.”（第二人称随宾语） 间接引语：He told me (that) I should finish my homework first. 直接引语：They said, “She has gone to the library.”（第三人称不变） 间接引语：They said (that) she had gone to the library. 三、时态变化规则 若主句为过去时态（如 said/told 等），直接引语的时态需向过去推移；若主句为现在时 / 将来时，或直接引语是客观真理，时态不变。 直接引语时态 间接引语时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时（would） 过去完成时 不变 例子： 1.一般现在→一般过去： 直接引语：Tom said, “I get up at 7 every morning.” 间接引语：Tom said (that) he got up at 7 every morning. 2.现在进行→过去进行： 直接引语：She said, “My brother is playing basketball.” 间接引语：She said (that) her brother was playing basketball. 3.一般将来→过去将来： 直接引语：He said, “I will go to Beijing next week.” 间接引语：He said (that) he would go to Beijing the next week. 四、指示代词变化规则 this → that（近指变远指） these → those（复数近指变远指） 例子： 直接引语：She said, “This is my favorite book.” 间接引语：She said (that) that was her favorite book. 直接引语：He pointed and said, “These are my old photos.” 间接引语：He pointed and said (that) those were his old photos. 直接引语：They said, “This house is too small.” 间接引语：They said (that) that house was too small. 五、时间状语变化规则 时间状语需根据转述语境调整 “远近”： 直接引语时间状语 间接引语时间状语 now then today that day tomorrow the next day/the following day yesterday the day before ago before this week that week 例子： 直接引语：Lily said, “I will call you now.” 间接引语：Lily said (that) she would call me then. 直接引语：He said, “I met her yesterday.” 间接引语：He said (that) he had met her the day before. 直接引语：She said, “We will have a party tomorrow.” 间接引语：She said (that) they would have a party the next day. 六、地点状语变化规则 here → there（近指地点变远指地点） 例子： 直接引语：He said, “I live here.” 间接引语：He said (that) he lived there. 直接引语：She shouted, “Come here at once!” 间接引语：She shouted (that) we should go there at once. 直接引语：They said, “We will work here next month.” 间接引语：They said (that) they would work there the next month. 七、动词变化规则 部分表示 “方向” 的动词需随地点变化调整： come → go（来→去） bring → take（带来→带去） 例子： 直接引语：She said, “I will come to see you.” 间接引语：She said (that) she would go to see me. 直接引语：He said, “I will bring a gift for you.” 间接引语：He said (that) he would take a gift for me. 直接引语：They said, “We will come and bring snacks.” 间接引语：They said (that) they would go and take snacks. 八、句型转换规则 不同句型的直接引语变间接引语时，需调整引导词和结构： 1. 陈述句 直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语用 “主句 + that 引导的宾语从句”（that 可省略）。 例子： 直接引语：He said, “I have finished my work.” 间接引语：He said (that) he had finished his work. 直接引语：She told me, “My sister is a doctor.” 间接引语：She told me (that) her sister was a doctor. 直接引语：They said, “We will leave at 6 pm.” 间接引语：They said (that) they would leave at 6 pm. 2. 一般疑问句 直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语用 “主句 + if/whether 引导的宾语从句”，且从句用陈述句语序。 例子： 直接引语：He asked, “Do you like English?” 间接引语：He asked if/whether I liked English. 直接引语：She said to Tom, “Are you feeling better?” 间接引语：She asked Tom if/whether he was feeling better. 直接引语：They asked, “Will it rain tomorrow?” 间接引语：They asked if/whether it would rain the next day. 3. 特殊疑问句 直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语用 “主句 + 特殊疑问词（what/when 等）引导的宾语从句”，从句用陈述句语序。 例子： 直接引语：She asked, “Where do you live?” 间接引语：She asked where I lived. 直接引语：He said to her, “When will you go to Shanghai?” 间接引语：He asked her when she would go to Shanghai. 直接引语：They asked, “How did you solve the problem?” 间接引语：They asked how I had solved the problem. 4. 祈使句 直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语用 “ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.”（肯定）或 “ask/tell/order sb. not to do sth.”（否定）。 例子： 直接引语：The teacher said, “Open your books.” 间接引语：The teacher told us to open our books. 直接引语：He said to me, “Don’t smoke here.” 间接引语：He told me not to smoke there. 直接引语：She said, “Please wait for me.” 间接引语：She asked me to wait for her. 九、特殊情况说明 1.直接引语是客观真理（如科学事实、自然规律）时，时态不变（即使主句为过去时）。 例：直接引语：The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” 间接引语：The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. 2.主句为现在时 / 将来时（如 says/will say）时，直接引语时态不变。 例：直接引语：He says, “I am busy now.” 间接引语：He says (that) he is busy now. 【即时训练】 1.He said, “I am reading a book.” → He said that ______ was reading a book. A. I B. he C. she D. they 【答案】B 【解析】直接引语中第一人称 “I” 随主句主语 “he” 变化，故间接引语用 “he”。 2.She asked me, “Do you like coffee?” → She asked me ______ I liked coffee. A. that B. what C. if D. which 【答案】C 【解析】一般疑问句变间接引语时，用 “if” 或 “whether” 引导宾语从句。 3.“I will visit you tomorrow,” Tom said to me. → Tom told me that he ______ visit me ______. A. will; tomorrow B. would; the next day C. would; tomorrow D. will; the next day 【答案】B 【解析】主句为过去时，一般将来时 “will” 变 “would”；时间状语 “tomorrow” 变 “the next day”。 4.The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” → The teacher said that the earth ______ around the sun. A. goes B. went C. will go D. has gone 【答案】A 【解析】直接引语是客观真理，时态不变，仍用一般现在时。 5.He said, “These books are mine.” → He said that ______ books were his. A. this B. that C. these D. those 【答案】D 【解析】指示代词 “these” 在间接引语中变为 “those”。 6.“I met her yesterday,” Lucy said. → Lucy said that she ______ her ______. A. met; yesterday B. had met; the day before C. has met; yesterday D. meets; the day before 【答案】B 【解析】主句为过去时，一般过去时 “met” 变过去完成时 “had met”；“yesterday” 变 “the day before”。 7.She said, “Come here, Bob.” → She told Bob ______. A. come here B. to come here C. to go there D. go there 【答案】C 【解析】祈使句变间接引语用 “tell sb. to do sth.”；“come” 变 “go”，“here” 变 “there”。 8.“Where do you live?” he asked me. → He asked me ______. A. where do I live B. where I live C. where did I live D. where I lived 【答案】D 【解析】特殊疑问句变间接引语用疑问词引导，且从句用陈述句语序；主句为过去时，时态同步为过去时。 9.They said, “We have finished our homework.” → They said that they ______ their homework. A. have finished B. had finished C. will finish D. finished 【答案】B 【解析】主句为过去时，现在完成时 “have finished” 变过去完成时 “had finished”。 10.“Don’t play in the street,” mother said to me. → Mother told me ______ in the street. A. not to play B. to not play C. don’t play D. not play 【答案】A 【解析】否定祈使句变间接引语用 “tell sb. not to do sth.”。 11.He said, “I was born in 2000.” → He said that he ______ born in 2000. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been 【答案】B 【解析】直接引语是过去的具体事实（出生时间），时态不变，仍用一般过去时。 12.“This is my new car,” she said. → She said that ______ her new car. A. this is B. that is C. this was D. that was 【答案】D 【解析】“this” 变 “that”；主句为过去时，“is” 变 “was”。 13.“I am waiting for you here,” he said. → He said that he ______ for me ______. A. is waiting; here B. was waiting; there C. was waiting; here D. is waiting; there 【答案】B 【解析】现在进行时 “am waiting” 变过去进行时 “was waiting”；“here” 变 “there”。 14.She said to him, “When will you return the book?” → She asked him ______ return the book. A. when will he B. when he will C. when would he D. when he would 【答案】D 【解析】特殊疑问句间接引语用陈述句语序；“will” 变 “would”。 15.“We will have a meeting this week,” they said. → They said that they ______ a meeting ______. A. will have; this week B. would have; that week C. would have; this week D. will have; that week 【答案】B 【解析】“will have” 变 “would have”；“this week” 变 “that week”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$