专题28 交际用语（选择+补全对话）要点归纳（讲义）-2026版湖南省（对口升学）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中题型技巧清单的第2个专题，内容为交际用语（选择+补全对话）。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题28 交际用语(选择+补全对话）（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 英语交际用语需掌握不同场景用语，如问候用 “Hello!/How are you?”，告别说 “Goodbye!/See you.”，道歉用 “I'm sorry.”，回应感谢说 “You're welcome.”。要注意礼貌用语和语境适配，避免语用错误，准确传达意图。补全对话（七选五）是属于英语情景交际知识点的考点之一。 ) 【知识点清单一】情景交际概述 【要点精讲】 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、问候与回应​ 核心功能：日常见面时表达礼貌性问候，建立沟通氛围。​ 1.基础问候：​ 正式：How do you do?（初次见面）→ 回应：How do you do?​ 非正式：Hello! / Hi! → 回应：Hello! / Hi!​ 询问近况：How are you? → 回应：I’m fine, thank you. And you?​ 2.特殊场景：​ 久别重逢：Long time no see! → 回应：Long time no see! How have you been?​ 早晨 / 下午 / 晚上问候：Good morning/afternoon/evening! → 回应：对应时间段的问候语。​ 例子：​ — Good morning, Mr. Li.​ — Good morning, Tom. How are you today?​ — I’m very well, thanks.​ 二、告别与回应​ 核心功能：结束对话时表达礼貌性道别。​ 1.基础告别：​ 正式：Goodbye. / Farewell. → 回应：Goodbye.​ 非正式：Bye. / See you. → 回应：Bye. / See you later.​ 2.约定下次见面：​ See you tomorrow/next week. → 回应：See you then.​ I’ll be off now. → 回应：Take care.​ 例子：​ — I have to go now. My train leaves in 10 minutes.​ — Okay, see you next month.​ — See you. Have a safe trip!​ 三、感谢与回应​ 核心功能：对他人的帮助、馈赠等表达谢意。​ 1.表达感谢：​ 基础：Thank you. / Thanks.​ 强调：Thank you very much. / Thanks a lot.​ 正式：I really appreciate your help.​ 2.回应感谢：​ 非正式：You’re welcome. / No problem. / It’s nothing.​ 正式：My pleasure. / Glad to be of help.​ 例子：​ — Thanks for lending me your umbrella.​ — You’re welcome. Hope you didn’t get wet.​ 四、道歉与回应​ 核心功能：因过错、打扰等表达歉意，缓解矛盾。​ 1.表达道歉：​ 基础：I’m sorry. / Sorry.​ 强调：I’m really sorry. / I apologize.​ 具体事由：I’m sorry for being late. / Sorry to trouble you.​ 2.回应道歉：​ 原谅：It’s okay. / Never mind. / That’s all right.​ 正式：Apology accepted.​ 例子：​ — I’m sorry I broke your cup.​ — Never mind. It’s an old one.​ 五、请求与回应​ 核心功能：向他人提出帮助、许可等请求。​ 1.提出请求：​ 非正式：Can you pass the salt? / Could you help me?​ 正式：May I use your phone? / Would you mind opening the window?​ 2.回应请求：​ 同意：Sure. / Of course. / No problem.​ 拒绝：I’m sorry, but I can’t. / I’m afraid not.​ 例子：​ — Could you tell me the way to the station?​ — Sure. Go straight and turn left at the first crossing.​ 六、邀请与回应​ 核心功能：邀请他人参与活动，表达友好。​ 1.发出邀请：​ 非正式：Would you like to come to my party? / How about having dinner with me?​ 正式：I’d like to invite you to our wedding.​ 2.回应邀请：​ 接受：Yes, I’d love to. / That sounds great.​ 拒绝：I’m sorry, but I have to work. / I’d love to, but I’m busy that day.​ 例子：​ — We’re having a barbecue this Saturday. Would you like to join us?​ — I’d love to. What time should I come?​ 七、祝愿与祝贺​ 核心功能：对他人的节日、成就等表达美好愿望。​ 1.祝愿：​ 节日：Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! → 回应：The same to you.​ 日常：Good luck! / Best wishes! → 回应：Thank you.​ 2.祝贺：​ Congratulations on your success! / Well done! → 回应：Thank you.​ 例子：​ — Congratulations on winning the competition!​ — Thank you. I couldn’t have done it without your support.​ 八、提供帮助与回应​ 核心功能：主动向他人提供帮助，体现关心。​ 1.提供帮助：​ Can I help you? / Do you need any help?​ Let me carry that for you.​ 2.回应帮助：​ 接受：Yes, please. / That would be great.​ 拒绝：No, thank you. I can manage.​ 例子：​ — Your bag looks heavy. Can I carry it for you?​ — No, thank you. It’s okay, but I appreciate it.​ 九、询问与回答信息​ 核心功能：获取或提供具体信息（如时间、地点、价格等）。​ 1.询问信息：​ 时间：What time is it? / When does the store open?​ 地点：Where is the nearest bank?​ 原因：Why are you late?​ 2.回答信息：​ 直接回答：It’s 3 o’clock. / It opens at 9 am.​ 不知道：I’m not sure. / I don’t know.​ 例子：​ — How much is this shirt?​ — It’s $29.99.​ 十、赞同与反对​ 核心功能：表达对他人观点的态度。​ 1.赞同：​ I agree. / That’s right. / You’re absolutely correct.​ 2.反对：​ I’m afraid I disagree. / I don’t think so.​ 委婉反对：Maybe, but… / That’s a good point, but…​ 例子：​ — I think we should go by train.​ — I agree. It’s cheaper than flying. 十一、建议与回应​ 核心功能：为他人提供意见或解决方案，帮助对方做决定。​ 1.提出建议：​ 非正式：Why not go to the park? / How about trying this restaurant?​ 正式：I suggest you talk to the manager. / It might be a good idea to book in advance.​ 2.回应建议：​ 接受：That’s a good idea. / Sounds great.​ 拒绝：I’m not sure. / Maybe next time.​ 例子：​ — You look tired. Why don’t you take a break?​ — That’s a good idea. I think I will.​ 十二、抱怨与回应​ 核心功能：表达对不满情况的情绪，寻求理解或解决。​ 1.表达抱怨：​ 委婉：I’m sorry to say, but the service here is slow.​ 直接：This noise is really annoying! / The food is too salty.​ 2.回应抱怨：​ 道歉并改进：I’m sorry about that. We’ll fix it right away.​ 解释：It’s a busy time, so we’re a bit short-staffed.​ 例子：​ — The Wi-Fi isn’t working.​ — I apologize. Let me reset the router for you.​ 十三、安慰与鼓励​ 核心功能：在他人遇到困难或情绪低落时给予支持。​ 1.安慰：​ It’s okay. Everything will get better.​ Don’t worry too much. It’s not a big deal.​ 2.鼓励：​ You can do it! / Keep trying, and you’ll succeed.​ I believe in you.​ 例子：​ — I failed the exam.​ — Don’t be upset. You can retake it and do better next time.​ 十四、赞美与回应​ 核心功能：对他人的优点、成就或物品表达欣赏。​ 1.赞美：​ 人：You look beautiful today! / You’re really good at singing.​ 物：This dress is lovely. / What a nice house!​ 2.回应赞美：​ 谦虚：Thank you. / It’s very kind of you to say so.​ 分享：Thanks! I bought it last week.​ 例子：​ — Your presentation was excellent.​ — Thank you. I practiced a lot for it.​ 十五、请求许可与回应​ 核心功能：征求他人允许做某事，体现尊重。​ 1.请求许可：​ 非正式：Can I open the window?​ 正式：May I use your restroom? / Would it be all right if I leave early?​ 2.回应许可：​ 同意：Of course. / Go ahead.​ 拒绝：I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.​ 例子：​ — May I borrow your pen for a minute?​ — Sure, here you are.​ 十六、谈论天气​ 核心功能：作为日常闲聊的话题，打破沉默。​ 1.开启话题：​ Nice weather today, isn’t it?​ It’s raining heavily outside.​ 2.回应：​ Yes, perfect for a walk.​ I hope it stops soon.​ 例子：​ — It’s so hot today.​ — Definitely. I’m looking forward to the evening breeze.​ 十七、问路与指路​ 核心功能：在陌生环境中获取路线信息。​ 1.问路：​ Excuse me, where is the post office?​ How can I get to the museum from here?​ 2.指路：​ Go down this street and turn right at the corner.​ It’s about 10 minutes’ walk from here.​ 例子：​ — Excuse me, is there a supermarket nearby?​ — Yes, go straight until you see a red building. It’s on the first floor.​ 十八、点餐与回应​ 核心功能：在餐厅等场所点选食物或饮品。​ 1.点餐：​ 非正式：I’ll have a hamburger and a coke.​ 正式：Could I have the steak, please? / What’s the special today?​ 2.回应点餐：​ Sure, that’ll be right up.​ The special is grilled salmon with vegetables.​ 例子：​ — What would you like to order?​ — I’ll have the pasta, please. And a glass of water.​ 【即时训练】 1.— You seem stressed. ______ take a walk in the park? — That’s a good idea. Thanks. A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Would you 【答案】A 【解析】根据答语 “这是个好主意”，可知上句是提出建议。“Why not + 动词原形” 表示建议，符合语境；B 项需加 “you”；C 项后接动名词；D 项用于请求。 2.— The coffee is too bitter. — ______ I’ll make you a new cup right away. A. That’s fine. B. I’m sorry about that. C. It doesn’t matter. D. You’re welcome. 【答案】B 【解析】上句是抱怨咖啡太苦，回应应表达歉意并采取措施。B 项 “对此我很抱歉” 符合语境；A 项表认可；C 项表没关系；D 项用于回应感谢。 3.— I didn’t get the job I wanted. — ______ You’ll find a better one soon. A. Cheer up! B. Congratulations! C. That’s too bad. D. It’s up to you. 【答案】A 【解析】对方没得到想要的工作，应给予鼓励。A 项 “振作起来” 符合安慰鼓励的语境；B 项用于祝贺；C 项表同情但缺乏鼓励；D 项表由你决定。 4.— Your new haircut looks great! — ______ A. I don’t think so. B. You’re welcome. C. Thank you. D. It’s nothing. 【答案】C 【解析】上句是赞美新发型，回应应表示感谢。C 项符合语境；A 项不礼貌；B、D 项用于回应感谢。 5.— ______ use your dictionary for a moment? — Sure, here you are. A. Do you B. May I C. Would you D. Must I 【答案】B 【解析】根据答语 “当然，给你”，可知上句是请求许可。“May I + 动词原形” 表请求许可，符合语境；A 项用于询问；C 项后接动词原形表请求对方做某事；D 项表必须。 6.— It’s raining cats and dogs outside. — ______ We’d better stay at home. A. What a nice day! B. That’s a pity. C. So it is. D. I hope so. 【答案】C 【解析】上句说外面下大雨，下句建议待在家里，可知是同意对方的说法。C 项 “确实如此” 符合语境；A 项与语境不符；B 项表遗憾；D 项表希望。 7.— Excuse me, ______ get to the nearest hospital? — Go along this road and turn left at the second crossing. A. how can I B. how I can C. where can I D. where I can 【答案】A 【解析】根据答语是指路，可知上句是问路。“how can I + 动词原形” 表 “我怎样能……”，符合语境；宾语从句需用陈述句语序，但此处是直接问句，故选 A。 8.— What would you like to eat? — ______ A. Yes, please. B. A bowl of noodles, please. C. You’re welcome. D. That’s all right. 【答案】B 【解析】上句是点餐时询问想吃什么，回应应说出具体食物。B 项符合语境；A 项用于接受提议；C、D 项用于回应感谢或道歉。 9.— I think we should go to the concert by bus. — ______ Taking the subway is faster. A. I agree. B. That’s a good idea. C. I’m afraid I disagree. D. You’re right. 【答案】C 【解析】上句建议乘公交去音乐会，下句说乘地铁更快，可知是反对对方的建议。C 项 “恐怕我不同意” 符合语境；A、B、D 项表同意。 10.— The air conditioner is making a strange noise. — ______ I’ll ask someone to fix it. A. Don’t mention it. B. I’m sorry to hear that. C. It’s my pleasure. D. That’s great. 【答案】B 【解析】上句抱怨空调有怪声，回应应表达歉意并采取措施。B 项 “听到这个我很抱歉” 符合语境；A、C 项用于回应感谢；D 项表好极了。 11.— I’m really nervous about the speech tomorrow. — ______ You’ve practiced it many times. A. No problem. B. Take it easy. C. That’s impossible. D. You’re welcome. 【答案】B 【解析】对方对明天的演讲紧张，应给予安慰。B 项 “别紧张” 符合语境；A 项表没问题；C 项与语境不符；D 项用于回应感谢。 12.— Your painting is amazing! — ______ I spent two weeks on it. A. Thank you. B. No, it’s not good. C. It’s nothing. D. You’re kidding. 【答案】A 【解析】上句赞美画作很棒，回应应表示感谢。A 项符合语境；B、D 项不礼貌；C 项用于回应感谢。 13.— ______ open the window? It’s a bit hot in here. — Go ahead. A. Shall I B. Will you C. Must I D. Do I 【答案】A 【解析】根据答语 “去吧”，可知上句是请求许可自己做某事。“Shall I + 动词原形” 表 “我可以…… 吗”，符合语境；B 项表请求对方做某事；C 项表必须；D 项用于询问。 14.— The sun is shining brightly. — ______ Let’s go for a picnic. A. What bad weather! B. How terrible! C. What a lovely day! D. I’m sorry to hear that. 【答案】C 【解析】上句说阳光明媚，下句建议去野餐，可知是赞美天气好。C 项 “多好的一天啊” 符合语境；A、B 项与语境不符；D 项表同情。 15.— Excuse me, is there a bookstore near here? — ______ It’s just around the corner. A. Yes, there is. B. No, there isn’t. C. I don’t know. D. It’s far away. 【答案】A 【解析】根据答语 “就在拐角处”，可知附近有书店，应作肯定回答。A 项符合语境；B 项表否定；C、D 项与答语矛盾。 【知识点清单二】补全对话答题技巧 一、补全对话（七选五） 这类题型主要考查考生对情景的认知能力以及针对适当语境进行有效交流的能力。 考查方向主要围绕个人与家庭、学校生活、日常生活、休闲娱乐、健康、出行、居住环境、工作、节日与习俗、时代精神、科学技术、人与自然等话题展开。做题时,考生先通读对话,明确大意,摸清对话的人物、时间、地点、主题内容以及语境。然后仔细阅读选项,厘清逻辑,将选项填入对话中,如有不确定的可跳过,采取先易后难原则。 另外,确保全文语句通顺,符合西方人的思维方式和风俗习惯等，并且在用语方面做到文明有礼貌。 最后填完，检查【答案】,判断所选【答案】是否符合语境与逻辑。具体如下： 一、四步锁定答案​ 1. 速读全文，把握主旨（30 秒内）​ 重点读首段（尤其是首句）和末段，明确文章主题（如 “如何学习英语”“旅行准备清单”）。​ 标记各段首句，快速梳理文章结构（如 “总 - 分”“问题 - 解决”“时间顺序”）。​ 例：首句 “Gardening is a popular hobby.” 可预判全文围绕 “园艺” 展开，选项需与 “种植、工具、好处” 等相关。​ 2. 分析空格位置，定位线索类型​ 段首空：多为段落主旨句，需概括下文内容（关注下文重复出现的名词或动词）。​ 例：下文提到 “water the plants”“prune the branches”，段首空可能为 “Taking care of plants needs patience.”​ 段中空：需衔接前后句，关注逻辑关系（转折、因果、递进等）和代词指代。​ 例：前句 “Exercise is good for health.”，后句 “______. It helps reduce stress.” 空格需体现递进关系，可选 “Moreover, it improves mental health.”​ 段尾空：多为总结句或过渡句，需呼应前文或引出下一段话题。​ 例：前文讲 “手机的优点”，段尾空可能为 “However, overusing phones has disadvantages.”（引出下一段 “缺点”）。​ 3. 匹配选项与线索，排除干扰​ 线索 1：词汇复现​ 正确选项常含与上下文相同或同义的词（如 “student” 与 “pupil”，“help” 与 “assist”）。​ 例：前文出现 “library”，选项中含 “books”“read” 等相关词更可能为答案。​ 线索 2：逻辑连接词​ 转折：but/however/yet（前后语义相反）​ 前句：“I like summer.” 选项：“However, my brother prefers winter.”​ 因果：so/therefore/because（前因后果或前果后因）​ 前句：“It rained heavily.” 选项：“Therefore, we stayed at home.”​ 递进：and/also/furthermore（语义相近且程度加深）​ 前句：“She is good at English.” 选项：“Also, she speaks French fluently.”​ 线索 3：代词指代​ 选项中的代词（it/they/this/that）需在上下文中找到明确指代对象。​ 例：前文提到 “a new app”，选项中 “it can help you learn words” 中 “it” 指代 “app”，符合逻辑。​ 线索 4：时态与句式​ 选项时态需与上下文一致（如全文为一般现在时，选项若用过去时需有时间标志）。​ 句式结构对称（如前文用 “To learn English, you need to...”，选项可能用 “To master it, you should...”）。​ 4. 代入验证，通读检查​ 将选定选项代入空格，通读全文，检查：​ 话题是否连贯（无突兀内容）；​ 逻辑是否通顺（连接词使用合理）；​ 代词是否明确（无指代不清）。​ 若某题纠结，优先保留与上下文复现词最多的选项。​ 三、高频陷阱与避坑技巧​ “看似相关” 的干扰项：选项含与上下文相同的词，但整体语义与段落主旨矛盾。​ 避坑：不仅看个别词，还要通读选项整句，判断是否符合段落逻辑。​ “逻辑颠倒” 的选项：如前文讲 “原因”，选项却表 “结果”，因果颠倒。​ 避坑：圈划逻辑词（because/so），明确上下文因果关系。​ “代词无指代” 的选项：选项中代词（it/they）在上下文中找不到对应名词。​ 避坑：代入后若代词指代模糊，直接排除。​ 四、考前训练建议​ 专项突破逻辑连接词：整理常见连接词（转折、因果、递进等），标注其前后语义特点。​ 精读真题，分析衔接方式：针对错题，标注正确选项与上下文的衔接线索（如 “复现词”“代词”），总结高频考点。​ 限时训练：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟内完成，培养快速定位线索的能力。​ 【即时训练】 根据对话内容，从方框内 7 个选项中选出 5 个最佳选项补全对话。 （一） Waiter: Good afternoon! Welcome to Burger House. What can I get for you today? Customer: 1. ______ Waiter: Sure. A cheeseburger and fries. 2. ______ Customer: A cola, please. Waiter: 3. ______ Customer: For here, please. Waiter: That’ll be $8.50. Customer: 4. ______ Waiter: Yes, we accept credit cards. Customer: Here you go. Waiter: Thank you. 5. ______ Enjoy your meal! ( A. What would you like to drink? B. For here or to go? C. How much is it? D. I’ll have a cheeseburger and fries. E. Can I pay by credit card? F. Anything else? G. Here’s your change. ) 1.【答案】D 【解析】上句服务员询问点什么，顾客应回应具体食物，D 项 “我要一个芝士汉堡和薯条” 符合语境。 2.【答案】A 【解析】下句顾客点了可乐，可知此处询问饮品，A 项 “您想喝点什么？” 符合逻辑。 3.【答案】B 【解析】下句顾客回答 “在这里吃”，可知此处问堂食还是外带，B 项符合语境。 4.【答案】E 【解析】下句服务员说接受信用卡，可知顾客询问支付方式，E 项 “我可以用信用卡支付吗？” 正确。 5.【答案】G 【解析】顾客付款后，服务员应找零，G 项 “这是您的零钱” 符合流程。 （二） Student A: 1. ______ I need to return a book. Student B: Sure. 2. ______ Student A: The science building? I’m new here. Could you tell me the way? Student B: Go straight down this road. 3. ______ You’ll see it on your right. Student A: 4. ______ Student B: No, it’s only 5 minutes’ walk. Student A: Thank you so much. Student B: 5. ______ ( A. You’re welcome. B. Is it far from here? C. How long does it take to walk there? D. Excuse me, where is the library? E. Turn left at the second crossing. F. You can take the No. 3 bus. G. It’s next to the science building. ) 1.【答案】D 【解析】下句学生 B 指路，可知学生 A 在问路，D 项 “打扰一下，图书馆在哪里？” 符合语境。 2.【答案】G 【解析】上句问图书馆位置，G 项 “它在科学楼旁边” 直接回答地点，衔接自然。 3.【答案】E 【解析】上句说 “沿着这条路直走”，E 项 “在第二个十字路口左转” 继续说明路线，符合逻辑。 4.【答案】B 【解析】下句回答 “不远，步行只需 5 分钟”，可知此处询问距离，B 项 “离这里远吗？” 正确。 5.【答案】A 【解析】回应感谢用 “You’re welcome”，A 项符合语境。 （三） Shop Assistant: Hello! Can I help you? Customer: Yes, 1. ______ Shop Assistant: It’s $25. Customer: 2. ______ Shop Assistant: We have black, white and red. Customer: 3. ______ Shop Assistant: Let me check. Yes, here’s a blue one. 4. ______ Customer: Medium, please. Shop Assistant: Here you are. The fitting room is over there. Customer: (After trying) 5. ______ Where is the checkout? Shop Assistant: This way, please. ( A . What size do you wear? B. How much is this T-shirt? C. Do you have it in blue? D. I’ll take it. E. Can I try it on? F. It looks nice on you. G. What color do you prefer? ) 1.【答案】B 【解析】下句回答价格，可知此处询问 T 恤多少钱，B 项符合语境。 2.【答案】G 【解析】下句列举颜色，可知此处问偏好的颜色，G 项 “您喜欢什么颜色？” 正确。 3.【答案】C 【解析】下句店员拿了蓝色款，可知顾客询问是否有蓝色，C 项符合逻辑。 4.【答案】A 【解析】下句回答 “中码”，可知此处问尺码，A 项 “您穿什么尺码？” 符合语境。 5.【答案】D 【解析】顾客试穿后问收银台位置，可知决定购买，D 项 “我买了” 符合流程。 $$编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中题型技巧清单的第2个专题，内容为交际用语（选择+补全对话）。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题28 交际用语（选择+补全对话）（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 英语交际用语需掌握不同场景用语，如问候用 “Hello!/How are you?”，告别说 “Goodbye!/See you.”，道歉用 “I'm sorry.”，回应感谢说 “You're welcome.”。要注意礼貌用语和语境适配，避免语用错误，准确传达意图。补全对话（七选五）是属于英语情景交际知识点的考点之一。 ) 【知识点清单一】情景交际概述 【要点精讲】 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、问候与回应​ 核心功能：日常见面时表达礼貌性问候，建立沟通氛围。​ 1.基础问候：​ 正式：How do you do?（初次见面）→ 回应：How do you do?​ 非正式：Hello! / Hi! → 回应：Hello! / Hi!​ 询问近况：How are you? → 回应：I’m fine, thank you. And you?​ 2.特殊场景：​ 久别重逢：Long time no see! → 回应：Long time no see! How have you been?​ 早晨 / 下午 / 晚上问候：Good morning/afternoon/evening! → 回应：对应时间段的问候语。​ 例子：​ — Good morning, Mr. Li.​ — Good morning, Tom. How are you today?​ — I’m very well, thanks.​ 二、告别与回应​ 核心功能：结束对话时表达礼貌性道别。​ 1.基础告别：​ 正式：Goodbye. / Farewell. → 回应：Goodbye.​ 非正式：Bye. / See you. → 回应：Bye. / See you later.​ 2.约定下次见面：​ See you tomorrow/next week. → 回应：See you then.​ I’ll be off now. → 回应：Take care.​ 例子：​ — I have to go now. My train leaves in 10 minutes.​ — Okay, see you next month.​ — See you. Have a safe trip!​ 三、感谢与回应​ 核心功能：对他人的帮助、馈赠等表达谢意。​ 1.表达感谢：​ 基础：Thank you. / Thanks.​ 强调：Thank you very much. / Thanks a lot.​ 正式：I really appreciate your help.​ 2.回应感谢：​ 非正式：You’re welcome. / No problem. / It’s nothing.​ 正式：My pleasure. / Glad to be of help.​ 例子：​ — Thanks for lending me your umbrella.​ — You’re welcome. Hope you didn’t get wet.​ 四、道歉与回应​ 核心功能：因过错、打扰等表达歉意，缓解矛盾。​ 1.表达道歉：​ 基础：I’m sorry. / Sorry.​ 强调：I’m really sorry. / I apologize.​ 具体事由：I’m sorry for being late. / Sorry to trouble you.​ 2.回应道歉：​ 原谅：It’s okay. / Never mind. / That’s all right.​ 正式：Apology accepted.​ 例子：​ — I’m sorry I broke your cup.​ — Never mind. It’s an old one.​ 五、请求与回应​ 核心功能：向他人提出帮助、许可等请求。​ 1.提出请求：​ 非正式：Can you pass the salt? / Could you help me?​ 正式：May I use your phone? / Would you mind opening the window?​ 2.回应请求：​ 同意：Sure. / Of course. / No problem.​ 拒绝：I’m sorry, but I can’t. / I’m afraid not.​ 例子：​ — Could you tell me the way to the station?​ — Sure. Go straight and turn left at the first crossing.​ 六、邀请与回应​ 核心功能：邀请他人参与活动，表达友好。​ 1.发出邀请：​ 非正式：Would you like to come to my party? / How about having dinner with me?​ 正式：I’d like to invite you to our wedding.​ 2.回应邀请：​ 接受：Yes, I’d love to. / That sounds great.​ 拒绝：I’m sorry, but I have to work. / I’d love to, but I’m busy that day.​ 例子：​ — We’re having a barbecue this Saturday. Would you like to join us?​ — I’d love to. What time should I come?​ 七、祝愿与祝贺​ 核心功能：对他人的节日、成就等表达美好愿望。​ 1.祝愿：​ 节日：Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! → 回应：The same to you.​ 日常：Good luck! / Best wishes! → 回应：Thank you.​ 2.祝贺：​ Congratulations on your success! / Well done! → 回应：Thank you.​ 例子：​ — Congratulations on winning the competition!​ — Thank you. I couldn’t have done it without your support.​ 八、提供帮助与回应​ 核心功能：主动向他人提供帮助，体现关心。​ 1.提供帮助：​ Can I help you? / Do you need any help?​ Let me carry that for you.​ 2.回应帮助：​ 接受：Yes, please. / That would be great.​ 拒绝：No, thank you. I can manage.​ 例子：​ — Your bag looks heavy. Can I carry it for you?​ — No, thank you. It’s okay, but I appreciate it.​ 九、询问与回答信息​ 核心功能：获取或提供具体信息（如时间、地点、价格等）。​ 1.询问信息：​ 时间：What time is it? / When does the store open?​ 地点：Where is the nearest bank?​ 原因：Why are you late?​ 2.回答信息：​ 直接回答：It’s 3 o’clock. / It opens at 9 am.​ 不知道：I’m not sure. / I don’t know.​ 例子：​ — How much is this shirt?​ — It’s $29.99.​ 十、赞同与反对​ 核心功能：表达对他人观点的态度。​ 1.赞同：​ I agree. / That’s right. / You’re absolutely correct.​ 2.反对：​ I’m afraid I disagree. / I don’t think so.​ 委婉反对：Maybe, but… / That’s a good point, but…​ 例子：​ — I think we should go by train.​ — I agree. It’s cheaper than flying. 十一、建议与回应​ 核心功能：为他人提供意见或解决方案，帮助对方做决定。​ 1.提出建议：​ 非正式：Why not go to the park? / How about trying this restaurant?​ 正式：I suggest you talk to the manager. / It might be a good idea to book in advance.​ 2.回应建议：​ 接受：That’s a good idea. / Sounds great.​ 拒绝：I’m not sure. / Maybe next time.​ 例子：​ — You look tired. Why don’t you take a break?​ — That’s a good idea. I think I will.​ 十二、抱怨与回应​ 核心功能：表达对不满情况的情绪，寻求理解或解决。​ 1.表达抱怨：​ 委婉：I’m sorry to say, but the service here is slow.​ 直接：This noise is really annoying! / The food is too salty.​ 2.回应抱怨：​ 道歉并改进：I’m sorry about that. We’ll fix it right away.​ 解释：It’s a busy time, so we’re a bit short-staffed.​ 例子：​ — The Wi-Fi isn’t working.​ — I apologize. Let me reset the router for you.​ 十三、安慰与鼓励​ 核心功能：在他人遇到困难或情绪低落时给予支持。​ 1.安慰：​ It’s okay. Everything will get better.​ Don’t worry too much. It’s not a big deal.​ 2.鼓励：​ You can do it! / Keep trying, and you’ll succeed.​ I believe in you.​ 例子：​ — I failed the exam.​ — Don’t be upset. You can retake it and do better next time.​ 十四、赞美与回应​ 核心功能：对他人的优点、成就或物品表达欣赏。​ 1.赞美：​ 人：You look beautiful today! / You’re really good at singing.​ 物：This dress is lovely. / What a nice house!​ 2.回应赞美：​ 谦虚：Thank you. / It’s very kind of you to say so.​ 分享：Thanks! I bought it last week.​ 例子：​ — Your presentation was excellent.​ — Thank you. I practiced a lot for it.​ 十五、请求许可与回应​ 核心功能：征求他人允许做某事，体现尊重。​ 1.请求许可：​ 非正式：Can I open the window?​ 正式：May I use your restroom? / Would it be all right if I leave early?​ 2.回应许可：​ 同意：Of course. / Go ahead.​ 拒绝：I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.​ 例子：​ — May I borrow your pen for a minute?​ — Sure, here you are.​ 十六、谈论天气​ 核心功能：作为日常闲聊的话题，打破沉默。​ 1.开启话题：​ Nice weather today, isn’t it?​ It’s raining heavily outside.​ 2.回应：​ Yes, perfect for a walk.​ I hope it stops soon.​ 例子：​ — It’s so hot today.​ — Definitely. I’m looking forward to the evening breeze.​ 十七、问路与指路​ 核心功能：在陌生环境中获取路线信息。​ 1.问路：​ Excuse me, where is the post office?​ How can I get to the museum from here?​ 2.指路：​ Go down this street and turn right at the corner.​ It’s about 10 minutes’ walk from here.​ 例子：​ — Excuse me, is there a supermarket nearby?​ — Yes, go straight until you see a red building. It’s on the first floor.​ 十八、点餐与回应​ 核心功能：在餐厅等场所点选食物或饮品。​ 1.点餐：​ 非正式：I’ll have a hamburger and a coke.​ 正式：Could I have the steak, please? / What’s the special today?​ 2.回应点餐：​ Sure, that’ll be right up.​ The special is grilled salmon with vegetables.​ 例子：​ — What would you like to order?​ — I’ll have the pasta, please. And a glass of water.​ 【即时训练】 1.— You seem stressed. ______ take a walk in the park? — That’s a good idea. Thanks. A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Would you 2.— The coffee is too bitter. — ______ I’ll make you a new cup right away. A. That’s fine. B. I’m sorry about that. C. It doesn’t matter. D. You’re welcome. 3.— I didn’t get the job I wanted. — ______ You’ll find a better one soon. A. Cheer up! B. Congratulations! C. That’s too bad. D. It’s up to you. 4.— Your new haircut looks great! — ______ A. I don’t think so. B. You’re welcome. C. Thank you. D. It’s nothing. 5.— ______ use your dictionary for a moment? — Sure, here you are. A. Do you B. May I C. Would you D. Must I 6.— It’s raining cats and dogs outside. — ______ We’d better stay at home. A. What a nice day! B. That’s a pity. C. So it is. D. I hope so. 7.— Excuse me, ______ get to the nearest hospital? — Go along this road and turn left at the second crossing. A. how can I B. how I can C. where can I D. where I can 8.— What would you like to eat? — ______ A. Yes, please. B. A bowl of noodles, please. C. You’re welcome. D. That’s all right. 9.— I think we should go to the concert by bus. — ______ Taking the subway is faster. A. I agree. B. That’s a good idea. C. I’m afraid I disagree. D. You’re right. 10.— The air conditioner is making a strange noise. — ______ I’ll ask someone to fix it. A. Don’t mention it. B. I’m sorry to hear that. C. It’s my pleasure. D. That’s great. 11.— I’m really nervous about the speech tomorrow. — ______ You’ve practiced it many times. A. No problem. B. Take it easy. C. That’s impossible. D. You’re welcome. 12.— Your painting is amazing! — ______ I spent two weeks on it. A. Thank you. B. No, it’s not good. C. It’s nothing. D. You’re kidding. 13.— ______ open the window? It’s a bit hot in here. — Go ahead. A. Shall I B. Will you C. Must I D. Do I 14.— The sun is shining brightly. — ______ Let’s go for a picnic. A. What bad weather! B. How terrible! C. What a lovely day! D. I’m sorry to hear that. 15.— Excuse me, is there a bookstore near here? — ______ It’s just around the corner. A. Yes, there is. B. No, there isn’t. C. I don’t know. D. It’s far away. 【知识点清单二】补全对话答题技巧 一、补全对话（七选五） 这类题型主要考查考生对情景的认知能力以及针对适当语境进行有效交流的能力。 考查方向主要围绕个人与家庭、学校生活、日常生活、休闲娱乐、健康、出行、居住环境、工作、节日与习俗、时代精神、科学技术、人与自然等话题展开。做题时,考生先通读对话,明确大意,摸清对话的人物、时间、地点、主题内容以及语境。然后仔细阅读选项,厘清逻辑,将选项填入对话中,如有不确定的可跳过,采取先易后难原则。 另外,确保全文语句通顺,符合西方人的思维方式和风俗习惯等，并且在用语方面做到文明有礼貌。 最后填完，检查【答案】,判断所选【答案】是否符合语境与逻辑。具体如下： 一、四步锁定答案​ 1. 速读全文，把握主旨（30 秒内）​ 重点读首段（尤其是首句）和末段，明确文章主题（如 “如何学习英语”“旅行准备清单”）。​ 标记各段首句，快速梳理文章结构（如 “总 - 分”“问题 - 解决”“时间顺序”）。​ 例：首句 “Gardening is a popular hobby.” 可预判全文围绕 “园艺” 展开，选项需与 “种植、工具、好处” 等相关。​ 2. 分析空格位置，定位线索类型​ 段首空：多为段落主旨句，需概括下文内容（关注下文重复出现的名词或动词）。​ 例：下文提到 “water the plants”“prune the branches”，段首空可能为 “Taking care of plants needs patience.”​ 段中空：需衔接前后句，关注逻辑关系（转折、因果、递进等）和代词指代。​ 例：前句 “Exercise is good for health.”，后句 “______. It helps reduce stress.” 空格需体现递进关系，可选 “Moreover, it improves mental health.”​ 段尾空：多为总结句或过渡句，需呼应前文或引出下一段话题。​ 例：前文讲 “手机的优点”，段尾空可能为 “However, overusing phones has disadvantages.”（引出下一段 “缺点”）。​ 3. 匹配选项与线索，排除干扰​ 线索 1：词汇复现​ 正确选项常含与上下文相同或同义的词（如 “student” 与 “pupil”，“help” 与 “assist”）。​ 例：前文出现 “library”，选项中含 “books”“read” 等相关词更可能为答案。​ 线索 2：逻辑连接词​ 转折：but/however/yet（前后语义相反）​ 前句：“I like summer.” 选项：“However, my brother prefers winter.”​ 因果：so/therefore/because（前因后果或前果后因）​ 前句：“It rained heavily.” 选项：“Therefore, we stayed at home.”​ 递进：and/also/furthermore（语义相近且程度加深）​ 前句：“She is good at English.” 选项：“Also, she speaks French fluently.”​ 线索 3：代词指代​ 选项中的代词（it/they/this/that）需在上下文中找到明确指代对象。​ 例：前文提到 “a new app”，选项中 “it can help you learn words” 中 “it” 指代 “app”，符合逻辑。​ 线索 4：时态与句式​ 选项时态需与上下文一致（如全文为一般现在时，选项若用过去时需有时间标志）。​ 句式结构对称（如前文用 “To learn English, you need to...”，选项可能用 “To master it, you should...”）。​ 4. 代入验证，通读检查​ 将选定选项代入空格，通读全文，检查：​ 话题是否连贯（无突兀内容）；​ 逻辑是否通顺（连接词使用合理）；​ 代词是否明确（无指代不清）。​ 若某题纠结，优先保留与上下文复现词最多的选项。​ 三、高频陷阱与避坑技巧​ “看似相关” 的干扰项：选项含与上下文相同的词，但整体语义与段落主旨矛盾。​ 避坑：不仅看个别词，还要通读选项整句，判断是否符合段落逻辑。​ “逻辑颠倒” 的选项：如前文讲 “原因”，选项却表 “结果”，因果颠倒。​ 避坑：圈划逻辑词（because/so），明确上下文因果关系。​ “代词无指代” 的选项：选项中代词（it/they）在上下文中找不到对应名词。​ 避坑：代入后若代词指代模糊，直接排除。​ 四、考前训练建议​ 专项突破逻辑连接词：整理常见连接词（转折、因果、递进等），标注其前后语义特点。​ 精读真题，分析衔接方式：针对错题，标注正确选项与上下文的衔接线索（如 “复现词”“代词”），总结高频考点。​ 限时训练：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟内完成，培养快速定位线索的能力。​ 【即时训练】 根据对话内容，从方框内 7 个选项中选出 5 个最佳选项补全对话。 （一） Waiter: Good afternoon! Welcome to Burger House. What can I get for you today? Customer: 1. ______ Waiter: Sure. A cheeseburger and fries. 2. ______ Customer: A cola, please. Waiter: 3. ______ Customer: For here, please. Waiter: That’ll be $8.50. Customer: 4. ______ Waiter: Yes, we accept credit cards. Customer: Here you go. Waiter: Thank you. 5. ______ Enjoy your meal! ( A. What would you like to drink? B. For here or to go? C. How much is it? D. I’ll have a cheeseburger and fries. E. Can I pay by credit card? F. Anything else? G. Here’s your change. ) （二） Student A: 1. ______ I need to return a book. Student B: Sure. 2. ______ Student A: The science building? I’m new here. Could you tell me the way? Student B: Go straight down this road. 3. ______ You’ll see it on your right. Student A: 4. ______ Student B: No, it’s only 5 minutes’ walk. Student A: Thank you so much. Student B: 5. ______ ( A. You’re welcome. B. Is it far from here? C. How long does it take to walk there? D. Excuse me, where is the library? E. Turn left at the second crossing. F. You can take the No. 3 bus. G. It’s next to the science building. ) （三） Shop Assistant: Hello! Can I help you? Customer: Yes, 1. ______ Shop Assistant: It’s $25. Customer: 2. ______ Shop Assistant: We have black, white and red. Customer: 3. ______ Shop Assistant: Let me check. Yes, here’s a blue one. 4. ______ Customer: Medium, please. Shop Assistant: Here you are. The fitting room is over there. Customer: (After trying) 5. ______ Where is the checkout? Shop Assistant: This way, please. ( A . What size do you wear? B. How much is this T-shirt? C. Do you have it in blue? D. I’ll take it. E. Can I try it on? F. It looks nice on you. G. What color do you prefer? ) 1.【答案】B 【解析】下句回答价格，可知此处询问 T 恤多少钱，B 项符合语境。 $$