专题18 倒装两大要点归纳（讲义）-2026版湖南省（对口升学）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第18个专题，内容为倒装句。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题18 倒装句（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 英语倒装句分完全和部分倒装。完全倒装是谓语全置于主语前，如 “Here comes the bus”。部分倒装是助动词 / 情态动词放主语前，常见于否定词开头（Never have I seen...）、only + 状语（Only then did I...）、so/such...that（So fast runs he...）等情况，用于强调或平衡句式。 ) 【知识点清单一】完全倒装 【要点精讲】 一、定义​ 完全倒装是指将句子的谓语动词完全置于主语之前，构成 “谓语 + 主语” 的语序。其核心作用是强调句首的状语（如地点、时间、方位等） 或使句子结构平衡、生动，常见于书面语或正式语境中。​ 二、常见适用情况及例句​ 1.以表地点的副词（here, there）或介词短语开头时​ 当句子的谓语动词是不及物动词（如 come, go, lie, stand, be 等），且主语是名词（非代词）时，用完全倒装。​ 注意：若主语是代词（he, she, it, they 等），则不倒装。​ Here comes the bus.（公交车来了。）​（正常语序：The bus comes here.）​ There stands a tall tree in front of the house.（房子前有一棵大树。）​（正常语序：A tall tree stands there in front of the house.）​ On the hill lies a small village.（山上有一个小村庄。）​（正常语序：A small village lies on the hill.）​ Here he comes.（他来了。）（不用 Here comes he.）​ 2.以表时间的副词（now, then）开头时​ 强调动作的即时性，谓语多为 come, go, begin 等不及物动词，主语为名词。​ Now comes the moment we’ve been waiting for.（我们一直等待的时刻到了。）​ （正常语序：The moment we’ve been waiting for comes now.）​ Then followed a long period of silence.（接着是一段长时间的沉默。）​ （正常语序：A long period of silence followed then.）​ 3.以表方位的副词（out, in, up, down, away 等）开头时​ 描述动作的方向或趋势，谓语多为 go, rush, run, fly 等动态不及物动词，主语为名词。​ 注意：主语为代词时不倒装。​ Out rushed the children when the bell rang.（铃声一响，孩子们就冲了出去。）​ （正常语序：The children rushed out when the bell rang.）​ Up went the kite into the sky.（风筝飞向了天空。）​ （正常语序：The kite went up into the sky.）​ Away they went.（他们离开了。）（不用 Away went they.）​ 4.表语（形容词、分词、介词短语等）置于句首时​ 为了强调表语或使句子结构更平衡，将表语提前，谓语动词（多为 be 动词）置于主语之前。​ Present at the meeting were several famous scientists.（出席会议的有几位著名科学家。）​ （正常语序：Several famous scientists were present at the meeting.）​ Gone are the days when we lived in poverty.（我们过贫困生活的日子一去不复返了。）​ （正常语序：The days when we lived in poverty are gone.）​ In front of the classroom is a beautiful garden.（教室前面是一个美丽的花园。）​ （正常语序：A beautiful garden is in front of the classroom.）​ 5.there be 句型​ there be 句型本质上是完全倒装的一种固定结构，be 动词的形式根据后面的主语变化。​ There is a book on the desk.（桌子上有一本书。）​ There are two cats lying on the sofa.（沙发上躺着两只猫。）​ 扩展：there be 句型中的 be 可替换为 live, stand, lie, exist 等不及物动词。​ There lives an old man in the village.（村里住着一位老人。）​ 三、注意事项​ 1.完全倒装中，谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致（主谓一致）。​ 例：On the wall hang two paintings.（墙上挂着两幅画。）（hang 与主语 two paintings 保持复数一致）​ 2.当句首是疑问代词（what, who 等）或疑问副词（how, why 等）时，不用完全倒装（多用部分倒装）。 例：What is happening over there?（那边发生了什么？）（不是 What happening is over there?）​ 【即时训练】 1.______ the famous actor that everyone cheered loudly. A. Comes here B. Here comes C. Here come D. Come here 2.On the top of the mountain ______ a historical temple built 500 years ago. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. is standing 3.There ______ a group of students discussing the problem in the classroom now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 4.______ the children laughing and playing in the garden. A. Out rush B. Rush out C. Out rushes D. Rushes out 5.In front of our school gate ______ some tall trees providing shade. A. grow B. grows C. growing D. is grown 【知识点清单二】部分倒装 【要点精讲】 一、定义​ 部分倒装是指将句子中的助动词（do, does, did, have, has, had）、情态动词（can, may, will, shall, must 等）或 be 动词提到主语之前，构成 “助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语 + 谓语剩余部分” 的语序。其核心作用是强调句首的内容（如否定意义的词、状语等），或用于特定句型中以符合语法规则。​ 二、常见适用情况及例句​ 1.否定词及含有否定意义的短语置于句首时​ 常见否定词 / 短语：never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, little, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, under no circumstances 等。​ 注意：little 作 “几乎没有” 讲时表否定，置于句首需倒装；若作 “小的” 讲则无需倒装。​ Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（我从未见过如此美丽的日落。）​ （正常语序：I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.）​ Seldom does she go to the cinema alone.（她很少独自去看电影。）​ （正常语序：She seldom goes to the cinema alone.）​ At no time should we give up our dreams.（我们在任何时候都不应放弃梦想。）​ （正常语序：We should at no time give up our dreams.）​ Little did he know that his life would change completely.（他几乎不知道自己的人生会彻底改变。）（表否定，倒装）​ A little boy stood at the door.（一个小男孩站在门口。）（表 “小的”，不倒装）​ 2.“only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）” 置于句首时​ 强调动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，主句需部分倒装。​ 注意：only 后接主语时，不倒装。​ Only then did I realize my mistake.（直到那时我才意识到自己的错误。）​ （正常语序：I realized my mistake only then.）​ Only in this way can we solve the problem effectively.（只有用这种方法，我们才能有效解决问题。）​ （正常语序：We can solve the problem effectively only in this way.）​ Only when he called me did I know the truth.（只有当他给我打电话时，我才知道真相。）​ （正常语序：I knew the truth only when he called me.）​ Only he can answer this question.（只有他能回答这个问题。）（不倒装）​ 3.so/such...that... 结构中，so/such 置于句首时​ 为强调程度，so（接形容词 / 副词）或 such（接名词短语）置于句首，主句需部分倒装。​ So fast does he run that no one can catch up with him.（他跑得如此之快，没人能追上他。）​ （正常语序：He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.）​ Such a clever girl is she that she solves the puzzle easily.（她是个如此聪明的女孩，轻松解开了谜题。）​ （正常语序：She is such a clever girl that she solves the puzzle easily.）​ 4.as/though 引导让步状语从句时​ 从句需将表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，构成部分倒装（表语为单数可数名词时省略冠词）。​ Young as he is, he has rich experience.（尽管他年轻，但有丰富的经验。）​ （正常语序：Though he is young, he has rich experience.）​ Hard as they worked, they didn’t finish the task on time.（尽管他们努力工作，还是没能按时完成任务。）​ （正常语序：Though they worked hard, they didn’t finish the task on time.）​ Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.（尽管他尽力了，还是打不开门。）​ （正常语序：Though he might try, he couldn’t open the door.）​ 5.虚拟条件句中，省略 if 时​ 虚拟条件句中，若 if 省略，需将 were, had, should 提到主语之前，构成部分倒装。​ Were I you, I would accept the offer.（如果我是你，我会接受这个提议。）​ （原句：If I were you, I would accept the offer.）​ Had she studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她更努力学习，就会通过考试了。）​ （原句：If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.）​ Should it rain tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.（如果明天下雨，我们就取消野餐。）​ （原句：If it should rain tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.）​ 6.表示 “也一样”“也不” 的 so/neither/nor 置于句首时​ 用于肯定句时用 so，否定句时用 neither/nor，表前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。​ 注意：so 表示 “的确如此” 时不倒装。​ She likes music, and so do I.（她喜欢音乐，我也一样。）​ （正常语序：She likes music, and I like music too.）​ He can’t speak French, nor can his brother.（他不会说法语，他弟弟也不会。）​ （正常语序：He can’t speak French, and his brother can’t speak French either.）​ —He works very hard.（他工作很努力。）​ —So he does.（他的确如此。）（不倒装）​ 三、注意事项​ 1.部分倒装中，谓语动词的时态和数需与主语保持一致，助动词 / 情态动词的形式需根据时态变化。​ 例：Rarely do they go abroad for vacation.（他们很少出国度假。）（一般现在时，助动词用 do）​ 2.当句首是疑问词（what, who, how 等）时，虽为倒装结构，但属于特殊疑问句的正常语序，不算部分倒装的特殊用法。​ 例：What did you do yesterday?（你昨天做了什么？）（特殊疑问句语序）​ 部分倒装多用于正式文体，口语中需根据语境恰当使用，避免过度倒装影响表达流畅性。​ 【即时训练】 1.______ seen such a terrible accident before.​ A. Never have I B. I have never C. Never I have D. Have I never​ 2.Only by practicing speaking English every day ______ improve your oral skills.​ A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you can​ 3.She is fond of painting, and ______ her sister.​ A. so is B. so does C. neither is D. neither does​ 4.______ he realized that he had made a serious mistake in his work.​ A. Only then B. Only then did C. Only then does D. Then only​ 5.Hardly ______ the classroom when the bell rang.​ A. he entered B. entered he C. did he enter D. he did enter​ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第18个专题，内容为倒装句。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题18 倒装句（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 英语倒装句分完全和部分倒装。完全倒装是谓语全置于主语前，如 “Here comes the bus”。部分倒装是助动词 / 情态动词放主语前，常见于否定词开头（Never have I seen...）、only + 状语（Only then did I...）、so/such...that（So fast runs he...）等情况，用于强调或平衡句式。 ) 【知识点清单一】完全倒装 【要点精讲】 一、定义​ 完全倒装是指将句子的谓语动词完全置于主语之前，构成 “谓语 + 主语” 的语序。其核心作用是强调句首的状语（如地点、时间、方位等） 或使句子结构平衡、生动，常见于书面语或正式语境中。​ 二、常见适用情况及例句​ 1.以表地点的副词（here, there）或介词短语开头时​ 当句子的谓语动词是不及物动词（如 come, go, lie, stand, be 等），且主语是名词（非代词）时，用完全倒装。​ 注意：若主语是代词（he, she, it, they 等），则不倒装。​ Here comes the bus.（公交车来了。）​（正常语序：The bus comes here.）​ There stands a tall tree in front of the house.（房子前有一棵大树。）​（正常语序：A tall tree stands there in front of the house.）​ On the hill lies a small village.（山上有一个小村庄。）​（正常语序：A small village lies on the hill.）​ Here he comes.（他来了。）（不用 Here comes he.）​ 2.以表时间的副词（now, then）开头时​ 强调动作的即时性，谓语多为 come, go, begin 等不及物动词，主语为名词。​ Now comes the moment we’ve been waiting for.（我们一直等待的时刻到了。）​ （正常语序：The moment we’ve been waiting for comes now.）​ Then followed a long period of silence.（接着是一段长时间的沉默。）​ （正常语序：A long period of silence followed then.）​ 3.以表方位的副词（out, in, up, down, away 等）开头时​ 描述动作的方向或趋势，谓语多为 go, rush, run, fly 等动态不及物动词，主语为名词。​ 注意：主语为代词时不倒装。​ Out rushed the children when the bell rang.（铃声一响，孩子们就冲了出去。）​ （正常语序：The children rushed out when the bell rang.）​ Up went the kite into the sky.（风筝飞向了天空。）​ （正常语序：The kite went up into the sky.）​ Away they went.（他们离开了。）（不用 Away went they.）​ 4.表语（形容词、分词、介词短语等）置于句首时​ 为了强调表语或使句子结构更平衡，将表语提前，谓语动词（多为 be 动词）置于主语之前。​ Present at the meeting were several famous scientists.（出席会议的有几位著名科学家。）​ （正常语序：Several famous scientists were present at the meeting.）​ Gone are the days when we lived in poverty.（我们过贫困生活的日子一去不复返了。）​ （正常语序：The days when we lived in poverty are gone.）​ In front of the classroom is a beautiful garden.（教室前面是一个美丽的花园。）​ （正常语序：A beautiful garden is in front of the classroom.）​ 5.there be 句型​ there be 句型本质上是完全倒装的一种固定结构，be 动词的形式根据后面的主语变化。​ There is a book on the desk.（桌子上有一本书。）​ There are two cats lying on the sofa.（沙发上躺着两只猫。）​ 扩展：there be 句型中的 be 可替换为 live, stand, lie, exist 等不及物动词。​ There lives an old man in the village.（村里住着一位老人。）​ 三、注意事项​ 1.完全倒装中，谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致（主谓一致）。​ 例：On the wall hang two paintings.（墙上挂着两幅画。）（hang 与主语 two paintings 保持复数一致）​ 2.当句首是疑问代词（what, who 等）或疑问副词（how, why 等）时，不用完全倒装（多用部分倒装）。 例：What is happening over there?（那边发生了什么？）（不是 What happening is over there?）​ 【即时训练】 1.______ the famous actor that everyone cheered loudly. A. Comes here B. Here comes C. Here come D. Come here 【答案】B 【解析】句意为 “那位著名演员来了，大家都大声欢呼”。以 here 开头，主语是单数名词 the famous actor，完全倒装结构为 “Here + 谓语 + 主语”，谓语用第三人称单数 comes，故选 B。 2.On the top of the mountain ______ a historical temple built 500 years ago. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. is standing 【答案】B 【解析】句意为 “山顶上有一座 500 年前建造的历史寺庙”。以介词短语 On the top of the mountain 开头，主语是单数名词 a historical temple，完全倒装时谓语用第三人称单数 stands，故选 B。 3.There ______ a group of students discussing the problem in the classroom now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】句意为 “现在教室里有一群学生在讨论这个问题”。there be 句型中，be 动词与后面的主语 a group of students（复数）一致，且时间状语为 now，用 are，故选 B。 4.______ the children laughing and playing in the garden. A. Out rush B. Rush out C. Out rushes D. Rushes out 【答案】A 【解析】句意为 “孩子们冲出去，在花园里嬉笑玩耍”。以方位副词 out 开头，主语是复数名词 the children，完全倒装结构为 “Out + 谓语 + 主语”，谓语用原形 rush，故选 A。 5.In front of our school gate ______ some tall trees providing shade. A. grow B. grows C. growing D. is grown 【答案】A 【解析】句意为 “我们学校大门前长着一些提供阴凉的大树”。以介词短语 In front of our school gate 开头，主语是复数名词 some tall trees，完全倒装时谓语用原形 grow，故选 A。 【知识点清单二】部分倒装 【要点精讲】 一、定义​ 部分倒装是指将句子中的助动词（do, does, did, have, has, had）、情态动词（can, may, will, shall, must 等）或 be 动词提到主语之前，构成 “助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语 + 谓语剩余部分” 的语序。其核心作用是强调句首的内容（如否定意义的词、状语等），或用于特定句型中以符合语法规则。​ 二、常见适用情况及例句​ 1.否定词及含有否定意义的短语置于句首时​ 常见否定词 / 短语：never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, little, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, under no circumstances 等。​ 注意：little 作 “几乎没有” 讲时表否定，置于句首需倒装；若作 “小的” 讲则无需倒装。​ Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（我从未见过如此美丽的日落。）​ （正常语序：I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.）​ Seldom does she go to the cinema alone.（她很少独自去看电影。）​ （正常语序：She seldom goes to the cinema alone.）​ At no time should we give up our dreams.（我们在任何时候都不应放弃梦想。）​ （正常语序：We should at no time give up our dreams.）​ Little did he know that his life would change completely.（他几乎不知道自己的人生会彻底改变。）（表否定，倒装）​ A little boy stood at the door.（一个小男孩站在门口。）（表 “小的”，不倒装）​ 2.“only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）” 置于句首时​ 强调动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，主句需部分倒装。​ 注意：only 后接主语时，不倒装。​ Only then did I realize my mistake.（直到那时我才意识到自己的错误。）​ （正常语序：I realized my mistake only then.）​ Only in this way can we solve the problem effectively.（只有用这种方法，我们才能有效解决问题。）​ （正常语序：We can solve the problem effectively only in this way.）​ Only when he called me did I know the truth.（只有当他给我打电话时，我才知道真相。）​ （正常语序：I knew the truth only when he called me.）​ Only he can answer this question.（只有他能回答这个问题。）（不倒装）​ 3.so/such...that... 结构中，so/such 置于句首时​ 为强调程度，so（接形容词 / 副词）或 such（接名词短语）置于句首，主句需部分倒装。​ So fast does he run that no one can catch up with him.（他跑得如此之快，没人能追上他。）​ （正常语序：He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.）​ Such a clever girl is she that she solves the puzzle easily.（她是个如此聪明的女孩，轻松解开了谜题。）​ （正常语序：She is such a clever girl that she solves the puzzle easily.）​ 4.as/though 引导让步状语从句时​ 从句需将表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，构成部分倒装（表语为单数可数名词时省略冠词）。​ Young as he is, he has rich experience.（尽管他年轻，但有丰富的经验。）​ （正常语序：Though he is young, he has rich experience.）​ Hard as they worked, they didn’t finish the task on time.（尽管他们努力工作，还是没能按时完成任务。）​ （正常语序：Though they worked hard, they didn’t finish the task on time.）​ Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.（尽管他尽力了，还是打不开门。）​ （正常语序：Though he might try, he couldn’t open the door.）​ 5.虚拟条件句中，省略 if 时​ 虚拟条件句中，若 if 省略，需将 were, had, should 提到主语之前，构成部分倒装。​ Were I you, I would accept the offer.（如果我是你，我会接受这个提议。）​ （原句：If I were you, I would accept the offer.）​ Had she studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她更努力学习，就会通过考试了。）​ （原句：If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.）​ Should it rain tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.（如果明天下雨，我们就取消野餐。）​ （原句：If it should rain tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.）​ 6.表示 “也一样”“也不” 的 so/neither/nor 置于句首时​ 用于肯定句时用 so，否定句时用 neither/nor，表前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。​ 注意：so 表示 “的确如此” 时不倒装。​ She likes music, and so do I.（她喜欢音乐，我也一样。）​ （正常语序：She likes music, and I like music too.）​ He can’t speak French, nor can his brother.（他不会说法语，他弟弟也不会。）​ （正常语序：He can’t speak French, and his brother can’t speak French either.）​ —He works very hard.（他工作很努力。）​ —So he does.（他的确如此。）（不倒装）​ 三、注意事项​ 1.部分倒装中，谓语动词的时态和数需与主语保持一致，助动词 / 情态动词的形式需根据时态变化。​ 例：Rarely do they go abroad for vacation.（他们很少出国度假。）（一般现在时，助动词用 do）​ 2.当句首是疑问词（what, who, how 等）时，虽为倒装结构，但属于特殊疑问句的正常语序，不算部分倒装的特殊用法。​ 例：What did you do yesterday?（你昨天做了什么？）（特殊疑问句语序）​ 部分倒装多用于正式文体，口语中需根据语境恰当使用，避免过度倒装影响表达流畅性。​ 【即时训练】 1.______ seen such a terrible accident before.​ A. Never have I B. I have never C. Never I have D. Have I never​ 【答案】A​ 【解析】否定词 never 置于句首，句子需部分倒装，将助动词 have 提到主语 I 前，故选 A。句意为 “我以前从未见过如此可怕的事故”。​ 2.Only by practicing speaking English every day ______ improve your oral skills.​ A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you can​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】“only + 介词短语” 置于句首，主句需部分倒装，将情态动词 can 提到主语 you 前，故选 B。句意为 “只有每天练习说英语，你才能提高口语技能”。​ 3.She is fond of painting, and ______ her sister.​ A. so is B. so does C. neither is D. neither does​ 【答案】A​ 【解析】前句为肯定句，表 “也一样” 用 so，且前句谓语为 be 动词 is，倒装结构为 so+be 动词 + 主语，故选 A。句意为 “她喜欢画画，她妹妹也一样”。​ 4.______ he realized that he had made a serious mistake in his work.​ A. Only then B. Only then did C. Only then does D. Then only​ 【答案】B​ 【解析】“only + 副词 then” 置于句首，主句需部分倒装，结合语境（过去发生），用助动词 did 提到主语 he 前，故选 B。句意为 “直到那时他才意识到自己在工作中犯了一个严重的错误”。​ 5.Hardly ______ the classroom when the bell rang.​ A. he entered B. entered he C. did he enter D. he did enter​ 【答案】C​ 【解析】否定词 hardly 置于句首，句子需部分倒装，将助动词 did 提到主语 he 前，故选 C。句意为 “他刚进教室，铃声就响了”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$