专题29 完形填空要点归纳（讲义）-2026版湖南省（对口升学）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中题型技巧清单的第3个专题，内容为完形填空。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题30 完形填空（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 英语完形填空需掌握语境分析、词汇辨析、固定搭配及语法应用。要结合上下文找线索，注意逻辑关系（转折、因果等），区分近义词用法，熟悉短语搭配，通过语境推断词义和时态。 ) 【知识点清单一】完形填空考点分析及解题技巧 【要点精讲】 完形填空考点分析​ 一、词汇辨析与搭配​ 1近义词 / 同范畴词辨析​ 核心考点：在语境中区分含义相近的名词、动词、形容词等，如 “say/speak/talk/tell”“lonely/alone”“borrow/lend”。 例：She felt ______ when her parents left.（A. alone B. lonely）​ 解析：“alone” 强调 “独自”，“lonely” 强调 “孤独的”，结合 “父母离开” 的语境，选 B。​ 2.固定搭配与短语​ 核心考点：动词短语（如 “look forward to”“give up”）、介词短语（如 “in order to”“on time”）、形容词短语（如 “be interested in”）。​ 例：He decided to ______ smoking for his health.（A. give up B. put up）​ 解析：“give up smoking” 是固定搭配 “戒烟”，“put up” 意为 “张贴”，故选 A。​ 3.词性转换与派生词​ 核心考点：通过构词法（如后缀 “-ly”“-tion”）判断词性，结合语境选择形容词、副词或名词。​ 例：She sang ______ at the party.（A. beautiful B. beautifully）​ 解析：修饰动词 “sang” 需用副词，“beautifully” 是副词，故选 B。​ 二、语法应用​ 1.时态与语态​ 核心考点：根据上下文时间标志（如 “yesterday”“since 2020”）或动作逻辑，判断一般过去时、现在完成时、被动语态等。​ 例：The letter ______ by my brother yesterday.（A. wrote B. was written）​ 解析：“letter” 与 “write” 是被动关系，“yesterday” 提示过去时，故选 B。​ 2.连词与逻辑关系​ 核心考点：通过连词（如 “but”“so”“because”“although”）体现转折、因果、让步等逻辑，需结合前后句含义选择。​ 例：He is young, ______ he works very hard.（A. but B. so）​ 解析：“年轻” 与 “工作努力” 是转折关系，选 A。​ 3.代词指代​ 核心考点：明确代词（如 “it”“they”“this”）指代前文出现的名词，避免指代错误。​ 例：I have a cat. ______ is very cute.（A. It B. She）​ 解析：指代前文 “cat”（动物）用 “it”，故选 A。​ 三、上下文语境与逻辑​ 1.上下文复现​ 核心考点：空格处的答案常在前文或后文重复出现（原词、同义词或近义词），需通过回读锁定线索。​ 例：She loves reading. Every weekend, she goes to the ______ to borrow books.（A. park B. library）​ 解析：后文 “borrow books” 提示地点是 “library”，故选 B。​ 2.情节发展与情感线索​ 核心考点：根据故事的时间顺序、人物情感变化（如从 “sad” 到 “happy”）推断空格内容。​ 例：At first, he was nervous, but later he felt ______ when he saw his friends.（A. relaxed B. angry）​ 解析：“but” 表转折，与 “nervous” 相反的是 “relaxed”，故选 A。​ 3.文化背景与常识​ 核心考点：结合日常生活常识（如 “红灯停绿灯行”“图书馆需安静”）判断合理答案。​ 例：You must ______ at a red light.（A. stop B. go）​ 解析：根据交通常识，红灯时需 “stop”，故选 A。​ 四、篇章结构​ 1.首尾句呼应​ 核心考点：首句通常交代背景，尾句总结主旨，空格内容需与首尾句逻辑一致。​ 例：首句：“It was a cold winter day.” 空格：She put on her ______ before going out.（A. skirt B. coat）​ 解析：“cold winter” 提示需穿 “coat”，故选 B。​ 2.段落衔接​ 核心考点：段落之间通过过渡词（如 “however”“what’s more”）连接，需根据段落关系选择。​ 例：First, we need to prepare materials. ______, we can start making the model.（A. Then B. Also）​ 解析：前后是顺序关系，“then” 表 “然后”，故选 A。​ 完形填空解题技巧​ 一、通览全文，把握主旨（3 分钟内完成）​ 跳读首尾句：首句多交代时间、地点、人物等背景，尾句常总结全文主旨，快速锁定文章话题（如 “校园生活”“旅行经历”）。​ 例：首句 “Last summer, I took a trip to Mountain Tai” 直接点明 “泰山旅行” 主题，后续内容围绕旅行展开。 忽略空格抓主线：重点读段落首尾句和转折句，标记时间（“in 2023”“one morning”）、地点（“in the park”“at school”）、人物关系（“mother and son”“classmates”），避免因纠结单空而偏离主旨。​ 二、逐空突破，善用线索​ 1.词汇线索：复现与搭配​ 原词复现：空格答案常在前文或后文重复出现，直接锁定。​ 例：前文提到 “she bought a red dress”，后文空格 “Her ______ looked beautiful”，结合复现选 “dress”。​.固定搭配：看到动词（如 “make”“take”）、名词（如 “advice”“attention”），联想常考搭配（“make a decision”“take care of”“follow advice”），优先验证。​ 2.语法线索：时态与逻辑词​ 时态一致：根据时间标志（“yesterday”→过去时，“since”→现在完成时）或前后句时态，排除矛盾选项。​ 例：前文 “he often helps others”（一般现在时），空格 “Yesterday, he ______ an old man cross the road”，选过去式 “helped”。​ 逻辑词提示：​ 转折（but/however）：前后语义相反，如 “easy” 对应 “difficult”；​ 因果（so/because）：前因后果，如 “rained heavily” 对应 “stayed at home”；​ 递进（and/what’s more）：语义相近且程度加深，如 “tired”→“very tired”。​ 3..语境线索：情感与常识​ 情感线索：通过形容词（“happy/sad”）、副词（“luckily/unfortunately”）判断人物情绪，选择符合情感的词汇。​ 例：“She failed the exam, so she felt ______”，结合负面情绪选 “upset” 而非 “excited”。​ 生活常识：利用日常认知（如 “下雨带伞”“生病看医生”）排除不合理选项。​ 例：“When the fire alarm rang, people ______ the building quickly”，根据常识选 “left” 而非 “entered”。​ 三、复核验证，规避陷阱​ 1.代入通读：完成所有空格后，从头到尾读一遍，检查是否存在：​ 时态矛盾（如前文过去时，空格误用现在时）；​ 逻辑断裂（如用 “so” 却无因果关系）；​ 搭配错误（如 “keep a promise” 误选为 “make a promise”）。​ 纠结题策略：对 2 个模糊选项，优先选：​ 2.与上下文复现词呼应的选项；​ 符合逻辑词（如 “but” 后接相反含义）的选项；​ 常见搭配（避免生僻表达）。​ 四、高频陷阱警示​ 形近词混淆：如 “accept”（接受）与 “except”（除了），需结合语境（“______ his invitation” 选 “accept”）。 中文思维干扰：如 “花费时间” 用 “spend” 而非 “take”（“he ______ 2 hours on homework” 选 “spent”）。 忽略代词指代：代词（it/they）需明确指代对象，如 “the books are new. ______ are expensive”，根据复数指代选 “They”。​ 【即时训练】 完形填空（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） (一） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项。 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1⸏⸏ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him 2⸏⸏ . Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3⸏⸏ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, 4⸏⸏ . We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be 5⸏⸏ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. In seventh grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, 6⸏⸏ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know. He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was 7⸏⸏ so I went to look for him after school. I found him running 8⸏⸏ . I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 9⸏⸏ the team. He was in seventh grade—the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it... so he didn’t know. He just 10⸏⸏ it. 1.A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2.A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3.A. after B. before C. during D. till 4.A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5.A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6.A. so B. if C. then D. because 7.A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried 8.A. alone B. away C. almost D. already 9.A. got B. kept C. made D. found 10.A. made B. played C. had D. took （二） There have been many great inventions that change the way we live. The first great 1⸏⸏ was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easy for man 2⸏⸏ heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years after that, there were 3⸏⸏ inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change 4⸏⸏ . There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. 5⸏⸏ them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today. The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies 6⸏⸏ sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new 7⸏⸏ was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be made. Man began looking 8⸏⸏ ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took another. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, 9⸏⸏ their steps into space. In 1969, man took his biggest step away from earth. 10⸏⸏ first walked on the moon. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of. 1.A. scientist B. artist C. musician D. invention 2.A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried 3.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 4.A. largely B. differently C. greatly D. freely 5.A. Between B. Among C. Before D. After 6.A. in B. of C. on D. with 7.A. mistake B. product C. world D. material 8.A. for B. out C. after D. around 9.A. made B. were made C. have made D. had made 10.A. Chinese B. Japanese C. Americans D. Russians （三） From the second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital (独奏演唱会). A recital 1⸏⸏ I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I would ask my father if I could skip the “just recital this” once. And each year he would shake his head, muttering (嘀咕) 2⸏⸏ about build self-confidence and working toward a goal. So it was with really great 3⸏⸏ that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and watched my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt before rising to play the piano in his very first recital. My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t 4⸏⸏ lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, 5⸏⸏ too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t stuck there. When he retired three years ago, he persuaded his church music director to take him as a student. For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he 6⸏⸏ stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the notes? I worried, remembering those split seconds decades ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would freeze. But then came the beautiful melody (旋律), from the 7⸏⸏ fingers that once baited (装饵于) my fishing lines. And I 8⸏⸏ he had been doing what music teachers always stress 9⸏⸏ the music and pretend the others aren’t there. “I’m 10⸏⸏ of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff. “Yeah, and doing it so nicely.” Jeff added. With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago. 1.A. reflected B. explained C. meant D. proved 2.A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something 3.A. trouble B. satisfaction C. strength D. disappointment 4.A. miss B. afford C. select D. understand 5.A. as B. once C. if D. while 6.A. roughly B. simply C. merrily D. curiously 7.A. same B. warm C. different D. dirty 8.A. predicted B. realized C. imagined D. insisted 9.A. pass over B. turn up C. bring in D. concentrate on 10.A. ashamed B. aware C. tired D. proud 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、湖南省对口升学考试考纲以及历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分32个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单，第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中题型技巧清单的第3个专题，内容为完形填空。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题30 完形填空（真题+模拟题） ( 【考点解读】 英语完形填空需掌握语境分析、词汇辨析、固定搭配及语法应用。要结合上下文找线索，注意逻辑关系（转折、因果等），区分近义词用法，熟悉短语搭配，通过语境推断词义和时态。 ) 【知识点清单一】完形填空考点分析及解题技巧 【要点精讲】 完形填空考点分析​ 一、词汇辨析与搭配​ 1近义词 / 同范畴词辨析​ 核心考点：在语境中区分含义相近的名词、动词、形容词等，如 “say/speak/talk/tell”“lonely/alone”“borrow/lend”。 例：She felt ______ when her parents left.（A. alone B. lonely）​ 解析：“alone” 强调 “独自”，“lonely” 强调 “孤独的”，结合 “父母离开” 的语境，选 B。​ 2.固定搭配与短语​ 核心考点：动词短语（如 “look forward to”“give up”）、介词短语（如 “in order to”“on time”）、形容词短语（如 “be interested in”）。​ 例：He decided to ______ smoking for his health.（A. give up B. put up）​ 解析：“give up smoking” 是固定搭配 “戒烟”，“put up” 意为 “张贴”，故选 A。​ 3.词性转换与派生词​ 核心考点：通过构词法（如后缀 “-ly”“-tion”）判断词性，结合语境选择形容词、副词或名词。​ 例：She sang ______ at the party.（A. beautiful B. beautifully）​ 解析：修饰动词 “sang” 需用副词，“beautifully” 是副词，故选 B。​ 二、语法应用​ 1.时态与语态​ 核心考点：根据上下文时间标志（如 “yesterday”“since 2020”）或动作逻辑，判断一般过去时、现在完成时、被动语态等。​ 例：The letter ______ by my brother yesterday.（A. wrote B. was written）​ 解析：“letter” 与 “write” 是被动关系，“yesterday” 提示过去时，故选 B。​ 2.连词与逻辑关系​ 核心考点：通过连词（如 “but”“so”“because”“although”）体现转折、因果、让步等逻辑，需结合前后句含义选择。​ 例：He is young, ______ he works very hard.（A. but B. so）​ 解析：“年轻” 与 “工作努力” 是转折关系，选 A。​ 3.代词指代​ 核心考点：明确代词（如 “it”“they”“this”）指代前文出现的名词，避免指代错误。​ 例：I have a cat. ______ is very cute.（A. It B. She）​ 解析：指代前文 “cat”（动物）用 “it”，故选 A。​ 三、上下文语境与逻辑​ 1.上下文复现​ 核心考点：空格处的答案常在前文或后文重复出现（原词、同义词或近义词），需通过回读锁定线索。​ 例：She loves reading. Every weekend, she goes to the ______ to borrow books.（A. park B. library）​ 解析：后文 “borrow books” 提示地点是 “library”，故选 B。​ 2.情节发展与情感线索​ 核心考点：根据故事的时间顺序、人物情感变化（如从 “sad” 到 “happy”）推断空格内容。​ 例：At first, he was nervous, but later he felt ______ when he saw his friends.（A. relaxed B. angry）​ 解析：“but” 表转折，与 “nervous” 相反的是 “relaxed”，故选 A。​ 3.文化背景与常识​ 核心考点：结合日常生活常识（如 “红灯停绿灯行”“图书馆需安静”）判断合理答案。​ 例：You must ______ at a red light.（A. stop B. go）​ 解析：根据交通常识，红灯时需 “stop”，故选 A。​ 四、篇章结构​ 1.首尾句呼应​ 核心考点：首句通常交代背景，尾句总结主旨，空格内容需与首尾句逻辑一致。​ 例：首句：“It was a cold winter day.” 空格：She put on her ______ before going out.（A. skirt B. coat）​ 解析：“cold winter” 提示需穿 “coat”，故选 B。​ 2.段落衔接​ 核心考点：段落之间通过过渡词（如 “however”“what’s more”）连接，需根据段落关系选择。​ 例：First, we need to prepare materials. ______, we can start making the model.（A. Then B. Also）​ 解析：前后是顺序关系，“then” 表 “然后”，故选 A。​ 完形填空解题技巧​ 一、通览全文，把握主旨（3 分钟内完成）​ 跳读首尾句：首句多交代时间、地点、人物等背景，尾句常总结全文主旨，快速锁定文章话题（如 “校园生活”“旅行经历”）。​ 例：首句 “Last summer, I took a trip to Mountain Tai” 直接点明 “泰山旅行” 主题，后续内容围绕旅行展开。 忽略空格抓主线：重点读段落首尾句和转折句，标记时间（“in 2023”“one morning”）、地点（“in the park”“at school”）、人物关系（“mother and son”“classmates”），避免因纠结单空而偏离主旨。​ 二、逐空突破，善用线索​ 1.词汇线索：复现与搭配​ 原词复现：空格答案常在前文或后文重复出现，直接锁定。​ 例：前文提到 “she bought a red dress”，后文空格 “Her ______ looked beautiful”，结合复现选 “dress”。​.固定搭配：看到动词（如 “make”“take”）、名词（如 “advice”“attention”），联想常考搭配（“make a decision”“take care of”“follow advice”），优先验证。​ 2.语法线索：时态与逻辑词​ 时态一致：根据时间标志（“yesterday”→过去时，“since”→现在完成时）或前后句时态，排除矛盾选项。​ 例：前文 “he often helps others”（一般现在时），空格 “Yesterday, he ______ an old man cross the road”，选过去式 “helped”。​ 逻辑词提示：​ 转折（but/however）：前后语义相反，如 “easy” 对应 “difficult”；​ 因果（so/because）：前因后果，如 “rained heavily” 对应 “stayed at home”；​ 递进（and/what’s more）：语义相近且程度加深，如 “tired”→“very tired”。​ 3..语境线索：情感与常识​ 情感线索：通过形容词（“happy/sad”）、副词（“luckily/unfortunately”）判断人物情绪，选择符合情感的词汇。​ 例：“She failed the exam, so she felt ______”，结合负面情绪选 “upset” 而非 “excited”。​ 生活常识：利用日常认知（如 “下雨带伞”“生病看医生”）排除不合理选项。​ 例：“When the fire alarm rang, people ______ the building quickly”，根据常识选 “left” 而非 “entered”。​ 三、复核验证，规避陷阱​ 1.代入通读：完成所有空格后，从头到尾读一遍，检查是否存在：​ 时态矛盾（如前文过去时，空格误用现在时）；​ 逻辑断裂（如用 “so” 却无因果关系）；​ 搭配错误（如 “keep a promise” 误选为 “make a promise”）。​ 纠结题策略：对 2 个模糊选项，优先选：​ 2.与上下文复现词呼应的选项；​ 符合逻辑词（如 “but” 后接相反含义）的选项；​ 常见搭配（避免生僻表达）。​ 四、高频陷阱警示​ 形近词混淆：如 “accept”（接受）与 “except”（除了），需结合语境（“______ his invitation” 选 “accept”）。 中文思维干扰：如 “花费时间” 用 “spend” 而非 “take”（“he ______ 2 hours on homework” 选 “spent”）。 忽略代词指代：代词（it/they）需明确指代对象，如 “the books are new. ______ are expensive”，根据复数指代选 “They”。​ 【即时训练】 完形填空（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） (一） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项。 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1⸏⸏ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him 2⸏⸏ . Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3⸏⸏ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, 4⸏⸏ . We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be 5⸏⸏ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. In seventh grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, 6⸏⸏ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know. He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was 7⸏⸏ so I went to look for him after school. I found him running 8⸏⸏ . I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 9⸏⸏ the team. He was in seventh grade—the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it... so he didn’t know. He just 10⸏⸏ it. 1.A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2.A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3.A. after B. before C. during D. till 4.A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5.A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6.A. so B. if C. then D. because 7.A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried 8.A. alone B. away C. almost D. already 9.A. got B. kept C. made D. found 10.A. made B. played C. had D. took 【答案】A D C B A D D A C A​ 【导语】体裁为记叙文，讲述了作者患有先天性畸形足的儿子 Joey，在未被告知自身限制的情况下，通过努力训练成功加入学校跑步队的故事，展现了坚持与信念的力量。​ 【详解】​ 1.考察动词。空格处需填入表示 “度过（时间）” 的动词，主语是 “the first three years of his life”，“spend” 的主语可为人或时间，符合语境；“take” 主语通常为 it；“cost” 主语为物；“pay” 主语为人且搭配 “for”。故选 A。​ 2.考察动词。前文提到医生说 Joey 经过治疗能走路但跑不好，此处指 “看到他走路时看不出问题”，“walk”（走路）符合上下文；“talk”“sit”“study” 与 “腿部问题” 无关。故选 D。​ 3.考察介词。句意为 “邻居家的孩子在玩耍时总是跑来跑去”，“during”（在…… 期间）表示在玩耍过程中，符合逻辑；“after”“before”“till” 均不符合语境。故选 C。​ 4.考察副词。前文说其他孩子跑，此处指 “Joey 也会跳、跑、玩”，肯定句句末用 “too”（也）；“either” 用于否定句末；“though”“yet” 表转折。故选 B。​ 5.考察形容词。“be able to” 是固定搭配，意为 “能够”，句意为 “我们从没告诉他可能不能像其他孩子一样跑”；“sorry”“glad”“afraid” 均不符合搭配和语境。故选 A。​ 6.考察连词。空格前后为因果关系：“他比其他人跑得更多” 是因为 “只有前七名能入选校队”，“because”（因为）表原因；“so” 表结果，“if” 表条件，“then” 表顺承。故选 D。​ 7.考察形容词。根据 “he had a fever”“I went to look for him” 可知，作者应是 “担心的”（worried）；“excited”“pleased” 表积极情绪，“tired”（疲惫的）不符合语境。故选 D。​ 8.考察副词。句意为 “我发现他独自在跑步”，“alone”（独自）符合 “作者去找他” 的场景；“away”（离开）、“almost”（几乎）、“already”（已经）均不贴合。故选 A。​ 9.考察动词。“make the team” 是固定搭配，意为 “加入团队”，与前文 “入选校队” 呼应；“got”“kept”“found” 均无此搭配。故选 C。​ 10.考察动词。句意为 “他只是做到了”，“made it” 是固定短语，意为 “成功做到”，符合 Joey 入选的结果；“played”“had”“took” 均不适用。故选 A。​ （二） There have been many great inventions that change the way we live. The first great 1⸏⸏ was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easy for man 2⸏⸏ heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years after that, there were 3⸏⸏ inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change 4⸏⸏ . There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. 5⸏⸏ them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today. The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies 6⸏⸏ sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new 7⸏⸏ was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be made. Man began looking 8⸏⸏ ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took another. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, 9⸏⸏ their steps into space. In 1969, man took his biggest step away from earth. 10⸏⸏ first walked on the moon. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of. 1.A. scientist B. artist C. musician D. invention 2.A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried 3.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 4.A. largely B. differently C. greatly D. freely 5.A. Between B. Among C. Before D. After 6.A. in B. of C. on D. with 7.A. mistake B. product C. world D. material 8.A. for B. out C. after D. around 9.A. made B. were made C. have made D. had made 10.A. Chinese B. Japanese C. Americans D. Russians 【答案】D C A C B D D A C C​ 【导语】​体裁为说明文。文章介绍了众多改变人类生活的伟大发明，从轮子说起，讲述了 19 世纪初以来的重要发明，如相机、电灯、无线电、直升机、计算机、尼龙等，还提及人类在太空探索方面的进展，指出新发明将持续带来意想不到的改变。​ 【详解】​1.考察名词。句意：第一项伟大的发明至今仍非常重要 —— 轮子。结合前文 “There have been many great inventions” 可知此处说的是发明，“invention”（发明）符合语境，故选 D。​ 2.考察非谓语动词（不定式）。“make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.” 是固定句型，意为 “使某人做某事……”，此处用不定式 “to carry”，故选 C。​ 3.考察形容词。句意：在那之后的几百年里，很少有发明能像轮子那样有影响力。“inventions” 是可数名词复数，“few” 表示 “很少，几乎没有”，符合语境；“a few” 表 “一些”，“little” 和 “a little” 修饰不可数名词，故选 A。​ 4.考察副词。句意：19 世纪初，世界开始发生巨大变化。“greatly”（极大地）修饰动词 “change”，体现变化的程度，故选 C。​ 5.考察介词。句意：其中有相机、电灯和无线电。“them” 指代前文 “many great inventions”（三者及以上），“among”（在…… 之中）用于三者及以上，“between” 用于两者，故选 B。​ 6.考察介词。句意：1926 年有声音的电影出现了。“with” 表示 “具有，带有”，“movies with sound” 意为 “有声电影”，故选 D。​ 7.考察名词。句意：这也是一种新材料首次被制造出来的时期。后文 “Nylon”（尼龙）是一种材料，“material”（材料）符合语境，故选 D。​ 8.考察介词。“look for” 是固定搭配，意为 “寻找”，此处指人类开始寻找进入太空的方法，故选 A。​ 9.考察动词时态。“since then”（从那以后）是现在完成时的标志，主语 “other countries” 是复数，用 “have made”，故选 C。​ 10.考察名词。根据常识，1969 年美国人首次登上月球，“Americans”（美国人）符合事实，故选 C。 ​ （三） From the second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital (独奏演唱会). A recital 1⸏⸏ I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I would ask my father if I could skip the “just recital this” once. And each year he would shake his head, muttering (嘀咕) 2⸏⸏ about build self-confidence and working toward a goal. So it was with really great 3⸏⸏ that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and watched my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt before rising to play the piano in his very first recital. My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t 4⸏⸏ lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, 5⸏⸏ too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t stuck there. When he retired three years ago, he persuaded his church music director to take him as a student. For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he 6⸏⸏ stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the notes? I worried, remembering those split seconds decades ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would freeze. But then came the beautiful melody (旋律), from the 7⸏⸏ fingers that once baited (装饵于) my fishing lines. And I 8⸏⸏ he had been doing what music teachers always stress 9⸏⸏ the music and pretend the others aren’t there. “I’m 10⸏⸏ of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff. “Yeah, and doing it so nicely.” Jeff added. With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago. 1.A. reflected B. explained C. meant D. proved 2.A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something 3.A. trouble B. satisfaction C. strength D. disappointment 4.A. miss B. afford C. select D. understand 5.A. as B. once C. if D. while 6.A. roughly B. simply C. merrily D. curiously 7.A. same B. warm C. different D. dirty 8.A. predicted B. realized C. imagined D. insisted 9.A. pass over B. turn up C. bring in D. concentrate on 10.A. ashamed B. aware C. tired D. proud 【答案】C D B B A B A B D D​ 【导语】​体裁为记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小害怕钢琴独奏会，而父亲每年都鼓励她坚持。多年后，68 岁的父亲首次参加钢琴独奏会，他克服困难实现儿时梦想的经历，让作者深受触动，明白了勇气与决心的意义。​ 【详解】​1.考察动词。句意：独奏会意味着我必须练习一首无聊的乐曲，并在陌生人面前表演。“meant”（意味着）符合语境，体现独奏会对 “我” 的要求，故选 C。​ 2.考察代词。句意：每年他都会摇头，嘀咕些关于建立自信和为目标努力的话。“something”（一些事）用于肯定句，符合父亲嘀咕内容不明确但存在的语境，故选 D。​ 3.考察名词。句意：因此，最近一个周日，我手持摄像机站在教堂里，看着 68 岁的父亲在首次独奏会前汗湿衣衫，内心充满了极大的满足感。结合下文父亲的勇敢表现，“satisfaction”（满足感）符合 “我” 的感受，故选 B。​ 4.考察动词。句意：父亲从小就渴望演奏音乐，但家里很穷，负担不起学费。“afford”（负担得起）与 “poor” 呼应，说明经济上的限制，故选 B。​ 5.考察连词。句意：他本可以像我们很多人一样一直为此遗憾。“as”（正如）引导方式状语从句，符合 “像…… 一样” 的语境，故选 A。​ 6.考察副词。句意：父亲坐在琴键前，有一会儿只是低头盯着自己的手指。“simply”（仅仅，只是）描绘父亲当时专注于手指的状态，故选 B。​ 7.考察形容词。句意：但随后，优美的旋律从曾经给我的钓鱼线装饵的同一双手指中流淌出来。“same”（同一的）强调是父亲的手，既做过农活也弹奏音乐，故选 A。​ 8.考察动词。句意：我意识到他一直在做音乐老师总是强调的事 —— 专注于音乐，假装其他人不存在。“realized”（意识到）体现 “我” 对父亲做法的理解，故选 B。​ 9.考察动词短语。“concentrate on”（专注于）符合音乐老师对演奏的要求，与 “pretend the others aren’t there” 呼应，故选 D。​ 10.考察形容词。句意：“我为他在这个年纪开始新事物而感到骄傲。”“proud”（骄傲的）表达 “我” 对父亲的赞赏，符合语境，故选 D。​ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$