必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION(Word讲义)-【赢在微点·顶层设计】2027年高中英语高考一轮总复习背多分(人教版2019)

UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 主题语境 人与自然　宇宙探索 背多分1　单元词汇　三维速记 主题大观念 | 太空探索对人类的意义, 对太空生活的好奇与向往。 语言大观念 | 围绕太空探索,整合相关词汇和表达,描述事实并表达个人观点。 主题情境语块 核心词词形变化 how to become an astronaut 如何成为宇航员 　 ①procedure n.程序;步骤;手续 ②experienced pilot有经验的飞行员 ③intelligent enough足够聪明 ④do mental and physical training进行身心训练 1.mental adj.精神的;思想的;智力的→mentally adv.精神上;智力上;思想上 2.intelligent adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligence n.聪明;智慧 3.astronaut n.宇航员;太空人→astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家 the development of space exploration 太空探索的发展 　 ①vehicle n.交通工具;车辆 ②satellite n.人造卫星;卫星 ③launch vt. & n.发射;发起;上市 ④frontier n.边境;国界;边远地区 ⑤agency n. (政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处 ⑥signal vt. & vi.标志着;标明;发信号　n.信号;标志 ⑦pattern n.模式;图案;模范 vt.构成图案(或花样) ⑧carry on继续做,坚持干 ⑨ongoing work持续的工作 ⑩on board在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上 transmit data传输资料/数据 one giant leap for mankind对人类来说是一大步 signal one step further标志着向前迈进一步 4.universe n.宇宙;天地万物→universal adj.普遍的→universally adv.普遍地 5.determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determination n.决心→determine vt.查明;确定;决定 6.disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的;失意的→disappoint vt.使失望;使破灭;使落空→disappointment n.失望;沮丧→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointingly adv.令人失望地 7.desire n.渴望;欲望;愿望　vt.渴望;期望→desirable adj.值得拥有的;值得做的→undesirable adj.不想要的;不得人心的 8.transmit vt. & vi.传输;发送→transmission n.传送;传达;传播;传染;发射,发送,传输 9.orbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围　vt. & vi.沿轨道运行;环绕……运行→orbital adj. (行星或空间物体)轨道的 10.leap n.跳跃;剧增;剧变　vi. & vt.跳过;跃过→leapt(leaped)/leapt(leaped)/leaping (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 11.rocket n.火箭;火箭弹　vi.快速增长;猛增→skyrocket vi.剧增;猛涨 12.regularly adv.经常;定期地→regular adj.定期的;经常的;正常的;有规律的;均匀的;普通的　n.常客;老主顾→irregular adj.不规则的;不规律的 life in space 太空生活 　 ①escape Earth’s gravity脱离地球引力 ②result in a loss of oxygen导致缺氧 ③float off飘走 ④float around漂浮 ⑤weaken muscles and bones削弱肌肉和骨骼 ⑥beyond the solar system太阳系以外 ⑦be keen on热衷于 ⑧figure out弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白 ⑨have video calls打视频电话 sufficient necessities足够的必需品 ⑩tissue n.纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的)组织 towel n.毛巾;抹布 monitor n.监视器;监测仪vt.监视;监测;监控 13.recycle vt.回收利用;再利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的;可再循环的 14.muscle n.肌肉;实力;影响力→muscular adj.肌肉的;强壮的;肌肉发达的 15.lack n.缺乏;短缺　vt.没有;缺乏→lacking adj.缺乏的;没有的 16.current adj.当前的;现在的　n.水流;电流;思潮→currently adv.当前;现时 17.sufficient adj.足够的;充足的→sufficiently adv.足够地;充足地→insufficient adj.不够的;不足的 18.independently adv.独立地;自立地→independence n.独立→independent adj.独立的;自主的→depend v.依靠;依赖→dependent adj.依靠的;依赖的→dependence n.依靠,依赖 19.float vi.浮动;漂流;漂浮　vt.使浮动;使漂流→floating adj.不固定的;流动的;浮动的 20.keen adj.热衷的;渴望的;敏锐的;灵敏的;强烈的→keenly adv.敏锐地;强烈地;锐利地→keenness n.敏锐;锐利 21.mystery n.神秘事物;谜→mysterious adj.神秘的 an argument about space exploration 关于太空探索的争论 　 benefits益处 ①otherwise adv.否则;要不然 ②so as to (do sth.)为了;以便 ③provide for sb.提供生活所需 ④feed an increasing population养活不断增长的人口 ⑤fatal disease致命的疾病 ⑥high-end facilities高端的设施 ⑦promote technological improvements促进技术进步 ⑧survive well into the future更好地在未来生存 ⑨run out用完;耗尽 ⑩as a result所以;结果(是) in closing最后 in the hope of doing sth.抱着做……的希望 22.globe n.地球;世界;地球仪→global adj.全球的;整体的;全面的→globally adv.全局地;全球地 23.argue vt. & vi.论证;争辩;争论;说理;争吵;证明;表明→argument n.争论;争吵;论点;论据;辩论→argumentative adj.好争论的;爱辩论的→arguable adj.可论证的;可疑的→arguably adv.可论证地,按理 24.shallow adj.肤浅的;浅的;(呼吸)浅的→shallowly adv.浅浅地;肤浅地→shallowness n.浅;肤浅 25.resource n.资源;财力;物力→resourceful adj.机敏的;足智多谋的;随机应变的 26.limited adj.有限的→limit n.限制;局限vt.限制;限定→limitless adj.无限的→limitation n.限制;限度 27.analysis n. (对事物的)分析;分析结果→analyses (pl.)→analyze v.分析→analyst n.分析家 28.attach vt.系;绑;贴;认为有重要性(或意义、价值、分量等);重视;(使)与……有联系→attached adj.所附的;附属于;热爱→attachment n.依恋;爱慕;附件,附属物 29.closing adj.结尾的;结束的　n.停业;关闭;倒闭→close vt. & vi.关;关闭;歇业;倒闭　vt. (使)结束　adj.接近;亲密的;密切的;周密的→closed adj.关闭;封闭的;不开放 36篇美文助记新课标3 000词汇 　 It is beyond argument that mankind desires to explore space in the hope of finding out more about the universe. However, exploring space is both dangerous and challenging. What is the most dangerous is helping astronauts to escape Earth’s gravity. Scientists have to be cautious in order to avoid a mistake during the launch of a spacecraft. Otherwise, it can result in a fatal accident that kills everyone on board. Getting out of orbit and back to Earth’s surface is also very dangerous. Despite the huge risks, people will always be determined to carry on exploring this final frontier so as to figure out its mysteries. 背多分2　单元重点　语境背记 1.disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的;失意的 1)be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望 be disappointed at/with/by sth.对某事感到失望 2)disappoint sb.使某人失望/沮丧 3)to one’s disappointment使某人失望的是 in/with disappointment失望地 ①Disappointed (disappoint) at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in his room.他因未能获奖而失望地把自己锁在房间里。(续写情感描写) ②A look of disappointment flashed across his face.他的脸上掠过失望的神情。(续写神态描写) 2.desire n. ①渴望;欲望;愿望　vt. ②渴望;期望 1)have a strong desire to do sth./for sth.迫切要做某事/急于得到某物 have no desire to do sth.不想做某事 2)desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事 desire that ... (should) do sth.渴望……做某事 ①Learning you have a strong desire to learn Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions.得知你很想学好汉语,我想给你一些建议。(建议信) ②The disappointed twins desired their father to tell them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded.沮丧的双胞胎想要父亲告诉他们如何做三明治,他点点头。(续写动作描写) 3.signal vt.& vi. ①标志着;标明　indicate　②发信号　vt. ③表达;表示　n. ④信号 sign　⑤标志　indication 1)signal at sb.朝某人打手势 signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事 signal (to sb.) that ...示意(某人)…… 2)a signal (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事的信号 ①The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signal(l)ing (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.正月十五是元宵节,标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(传统文化介绍) ②I dashed to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him to follow (follow) me.我奔向汽车,拉住他的胳膊,示意他跟我走。(续写动作描写) 4.lack n. ①缺乏;短缺　shortage　vt. ②没有;缺乏 1)for lack of ...因缺乏…… a lack of sth.缺乏某物 2)lack sth.缺少某物(不用于被动语态) lack for nothing一无所缺;应有尽有 3)be lacking in ...缺少…… ①A lack of enough practice may lead to your failure in the exam.缺乏足够的练习可能会导致你考试不及格。(建议信) ②Lacking/For lack of/Lacking in confidence and experience, Jane was quite at a loss how to handle the terrible situation.由于缺乏自信和经验,简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。(续写情感描写) 5.argue vt.& vi. ①论证;说理　②争辩;争论;争吵　③证明;表明 1)argue for/against据理主张/反对 argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人争辩某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 2)beyond argument无可争辩 have an argument with sb.与某人争吵 ①It is beyond argument that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.毋庸置疑长城是中国的象征。(推荐信) ②I thought I could argue my parents into allowing me to use my money as I wished.我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。(浙江高考续写) ③As they argued with each other in whispers, Harry moved around the room, only half listening.他们小声争论时,哈利在屋里走来走去,漫不经心地听着。(续写场景描写) 6.attach vt. ①系;绑;贴　②认为有重要性(或意义、价值、分量等);重视　③(使)与……有联系 1)attach ... to ...把……系/贴/附在……之上 attach importance/significance to ...重视;认为……有意义 2)be attached to sb./sth.依恋;附属于;爱慕某人/某物 ①Handwriting is of such great importance that everyone should attach great importance to it.书写至关重要,每个人都应重视。(倡议书) ②She found a box lying on the table with a card attached (attach) to it, saying“Happy Birthday”.她发现桌子上放着一个盒子,盒子上贴着一张卡片,上面写着“生日快乐”。 Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money ①exploring (explore) space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate ②solutions (solve) to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which ③fails (fail) to realise how exploring space helps us. 教材优美片段再练背  7.短语result in 导致;造成　lead to、 contribute to、 bring about、 cause 1)result from ...由……造成;起因于…… 2)as a result of由于 as a result结果;因此 with the result that ...结果是…… ①Not only did the festival get us exposed to diverse cultures, but it also resulted in mutual understanding and friendship.这个节日不仅使我们接触了不同的文化,也促进了彼此的理解和友谊。(2022·浙江高考电子邮件) ②As a result, he was right, and we have become friends for life.结果他是对的,我们成了终生的朋友。(2022·浙江高考续写) 8.句式the+序数词+n.+动词不定式作后置定语 China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. 2003年,杨利伟乘坐 “神舟五号”成功绕地球飞行,中国成为世界上第三个独立将人送入太空的国家。 1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the right、the last等修饰,且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词动作的执行者时,常用不定式作后置定语。 2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability、chance、opportunity、need、way、wish、effort、right、ambition、 patience、anxiety、attempt等名词。 ①Personally, I think I am the best person to take up the job.就个人而言,我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。(申请信) ②You’d always be the first to offer (offer) to help, for which I was quite grateful.你总是第一个主动提出帮忙,对此我非常感激。(感谢信) ③Suddenly, before he had a chance to think (think), Chet was in the water, swimming as fast as he could toward Sid.切特还没来得及想,就突然跳进了水里,拼命地向希德游去。(续写动作细节描写) 背多分3　续写素材　场景练背 ——情感细节描写之“愤怒” 形容词/副词 angry, mad, cross, furious, angrily, madly, crossly, furiously 名词/动词 anger (n.& v.), rage, fury, frown (n.& v.), boil vi.怒火中烧 脸色 ①be/go red/flame/(be) flushed with anger气得脸通红; ②be purple with anger/rage气得脸色发紫; ③ be/turn white with anger气得脸色发白; ④be dark/darkened with rage气得面色铁青; ⑤be filled with anger一脸愤怒;充满愤怒; ⑥cloud over with anger怒容满面; ⑦look angry/furious/cross显得很生气 愤怒的目光 动词“看”+angrily/crossly/furiously生气地看: ①glare/stare angrily/furiously/wildly at sb.怒视某人; ②fix sb. with an angry stare生气地盯着某人; ③give sb. a look/glance of burning anger愤怒地看/瞥了某人一眼; ④flash/glitter with anger闪着/燃烧着怒火 咆哮/吼叫 ①boom大吼一声; ②bark咆哮; ③explode勃然(大怒);大发雷霆; ④roar吼叫;咆哮; ⑤storm怒吼;大发雷霆; ⑥yell大吼 用表“愤怒”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景29　主题“友情”——朋友之间发生冲突时的“愤怒” Our friendship went ups and downs like a boat on the sea. Dissatisfaction with the other was accumulating. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her ①booming (boom), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. ②I flushed with anger (我气得涨红了脸). How could she act like that? ③I could not control/contain my anger (我无法控制自己的愤怒) either. ④I jumped to my feet angrily and started yelling (我火冒三丈,一跃而起开始大吼,副词+动作链). She yelled back louder. Neither of us was willing to calm down to be a good listener. ⑤The room was filled with anger (满屋都是怒火). We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call.  微场景30　主题“校园生活”——同学误解“我”时的“愤怒” As soon as we scrambled out of the pool, Mala appeared and ⑥stared wildly at me (怒冲冲地瞪着我), ⑦storming (storm), “Why did you push Kala in?” ⑧Noticing the burning anger in her eyes (注意到她眼中燃烧的怒火), I kept silent before the girl pointed to me and said, “She saved me.” Mala’s expression ⑨shifted from anger to disbelief (从愤怒变为不可置信), and then to gratitude. She must have misunderstood me earlier. “I’m sorry,” Mala said, her voice softening. “I didn’t know you were such a skilled swimmer. Thank you for saving her.”  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$One disappointed that is fAiling to winner prize he locked himself in his room. A look of disappointment flashed across his face, too. Learning, you have a strong desire to learn chinese. Well, i'd like to offer you some suggestions. The disappointed twins desired their father to tell them how to make sandwiches, and he noted three. The lantern festival falls on the fifteenth th day of the first lunar month, signaling the end of the spring festival celebrations. I dashed to the car, took him by the ARM, and signal into, follow me for a lack of enough practice may lead to your failure in the exam. For lack of confidence and experience, jane was quite a loss. How to handle the terrible situation five IT is beyond argument that the great wall is the symbol of china. I thought I could argue my parents into allowing me to use my money as I wished. As they argued with each other in whispers, Harry moved around the room only hours listening. Six handwriting is of such great importance that everyone should attach great importance to IT SHE found a box lying on the table with a car attached to IT, saying, happy birthday. Seven not only did the festival get us exposed to diverse cultures, but IT also resulted in mutual understanding and friendship. As a result, he was right and we had become friends for life. AIDS, personally, I think I am the best person to take up the job. You'd always be the first to offer the help for which I was quite grateful suddenly, before he had a chance to think jet was in the water swimming as fast as he could toward sid. one. How to become an astronaut? procedure. Experienced pilot. Intelligent enough. Do mental and physical training, mental. mentally. intelligent. intelligence. astronaut. astronomy. astronomer. Two, the development of space exploration. vehicle. satellite. lunch. frontier. agency. signal. pattern. Carry on. Ongoing work. On board. Transmit data. One giant leap for mankind. Signal one step further. universe. universal. univerSally. determined. determination. determine. disappointed. disappoint. disappointment. disappointing. disappointingly. desire. desirable. undesirable. transmit. transmission. orbit. orbital. leap. Blab T. left. deeping. Sky rocket. regularly. regular. irregular. Three, life in space. Escapers gravity. Result in a loss of oxygen. Float off. Float around. We can muscles and bones. Beyond the solar system. Beaky on. Figure out. Have video calls. Sufficient necessities. T sue. toll. monitor. recycle. recyclable. muscle. muscular. black. blacking. current. currently. sufficient. sufficiently. insufficient. independently. independence. independent. depend. dependent. dependence. float. floating. keen. keely. keenness. mystery. mysterious. For an argument about space exploration. benefits. otherwise. So what's two? Provide for somebody. Feed in increasing population. Fatal disease. Tiant facilities. Promote technological . improvements. Survive well into the future. Run out. As a result. enclosing. In the hope of doing something. globe. global. globally. argue. argument. argumentative. arrival. arguably. shallow. shallowly. Shalon us. resource. resourceful. limited. limit. limitless. limitation. analysis. analysis. analyze. analyst. attach. attached. attachment. closing. close. closed. As soon as we scrambled out of the pool, molla appeared instead red wildly at me storming. Why did you push color? In noticing the burning anger in her eyes, I kept silent before the girl pointed to me and said, he saved me. Molas expression shifted from anger to disbelief and then to gratitude. SHE must have misunderstood me earlier. I'm sorry, muller said, her voice softening. I didn't know you were such a skilled swimmer. Thank you for saving her. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money expLoring space. Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view, which fails to realize how expLoring space helps us. IT is beyond argument that mankind desires to explore space in the hope of finding out more about the universe. However, expLoring space is both dangerous and chAllenging. What is the most dangerous as helping astronauts to escape d's gravity, scientists have to be cautious in order to avoid a mistake during the launch of a spacecraft. Otherwise I can result in a fatal accident that kills everyone on board. Getting out of orbit and back to earth surface is also very dangerous. Despite the huge risks, people will always be determined to Carry on expLoring this final frontier so as to figure out its mysteries. Our friendship went up and downs like a boat on the sea. This satisfaction with the other was accumulating. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon I heard her booming. Take your shoes away. why? Under my bed? definite. I saw my shoes flying at me. I flushed with anger. How could he act like that? I could not control my anger either. I jumped to my feet angrily and started yelling SHE yelled back louder. Neither of us was willing to calm down to be a good listener. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute, but for a phone call. angry. mad. cross. curious. angrily. madley. crossly. seriously. anger. rage. fury. Brown. boil. Go red with anger. Be purple with anger. Turn White with anger. Be dark with rage. Be filled with anger. Cloud over with anger. Block angry. Stare angrily at somebody. Fix somebody with an angry stare. Give somebody a gLance of burning anger. Flash with anger. Glitter with anger. boom. bark. explode. roll. storm. you.