Unit 3 Family matters Words and Expressions 导学案-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

必修第1册 Unit 3　Family matters Words and Expressions 1．approach v. 走近，靠近；找……商量；同……接洽；着手处理 n. 接近；通道；方法，方式 [佳句背诵] The four diagnostic approaches of TCM consist of observing, listening and smelling, inquiring and pulse taking. 望闻问切是中医诊断的四种方法。 [归纳拓展] (1)approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物 sth. be approaching/drawing near/around the corner 某事即将来临 (2)an approach to (doing)sth. (做)某事的方法 an approach to... 通向……的路 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I was just getting out of my bed when I heard soft steps ___________ (approach). ②(2022·北京卷)A systems approach to ________ (create)change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. ③As the final exam __________ (approach), I became so anxious that my mind was full of confusing pictures. (2)句式升级(按要求升级句③) ④____________________________,I became so anxious that my mind was full of confusing pictures. (approach n．) ⑤____________________________,I became so anxious that my mind was full of confusing pictures. (approach v．) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①I was just getting out of my bed when I heard soft steps approaching (approach). ②(2022·北京卷)A systems approach to creating (create)change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. ③As the final exam approached (approach), I became so anxious that my mind was full of confusing pictures. (2)句式升级(按要求升级句③) ④At the approach of the final exam, I became so anxious that my mind was full of confusing pictures. (approach n．) ⑤With the final exam approaching, I became so anxious that my mind was full of confusing pictures. (approach v．) 2．respect v. 尊敬，敬重；遵守； n. [U]尊敬；[C]方面；[pl.]问候 [佳句背诵]Combining traditional and modern ideas, the Double Ninth Festival encourages people to respect, care for and help seniors. 重阳节将传统与现代思想结合起来，鼓励人们敬老、爱老和助老。 [归纳拓展] (1)respect sb. for... 因……而尊敬某人 (2)have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人 out of respect for 出于对……的尊敬 give/send one's respects to 代某人向……问候 in one respect/in some respects 在某个/某些方面 in respect of/with respect to 关于；就……而言 (3)respectful adj. 恭敬的，有礼貌的 (4)respectable adj. 受人尊敬的，体面的 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①In China, we attach great importance to showing respect ___ the elderly. ②Chinese children grow up with warnings against wasting any food, out of respect ___ farmers' labour. ③Please send them my ________ (respect)when you write to your family. (2)句式升级 ④Because the old professor was respected by everyone, he decided to make great contributions to the country. →________________________,the old professor decided to make great contributions to the country. (with复合结构) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①In China, we attach great importance to showing respect for the elderly. ②Chinese children grow up with warnings against wasting any food, out of respect for farmers' labour. ③Please send them my respects (respect)when you write to your family. (2)句式升级 ④Because the old professor was respected by everyone, he decided to make great contributions to the country. →With everyone respecting him, the old professor decided to make great contributions to the country. (with复合结构) 3．suit v. 适合；(服装、颜色等)相配；合心意 n. 套装；一套衣服；诉讼；讼案 [佳句背诵] If you want to go by bus, that suits me fine. 如果你想乘公共汽车去，那对我也合适。 [归纳拓展] (1)suit sb. (fine)(很)合某人的意；对某人(很)合适 suit... to... 使……适合…… (2)a suit of 一套…… (3)suitable adj. 适当的；合适的；适宜的 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more ________ (suit). ②Because of my fluent English, I am convinced that I am suitable ___ the volunteer job. ③These appliances are not suitable ______ (use)for children. (2)选词填空 (suit/match/fit) ④The hat doesn't ____ her, for one thing it doesn't ___ because of its size; for another its colour doesn't _____ her charming face. 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more suitable (suit). ②Because of my fluent English, I am convinced that I am suitable for the volunteer job. ③These appliances are not suitable to use (use)for children. (2)选词填空 (suit/match/fit) ④The hat doesn't suit her, for one thing it doesn't fit because of its size; for another its colour doesn't match her charming face. Tips: fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配；suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等。 4．aim v. 力求达到；瞄准，对准 n. 目标，目的，意图；准确性；瞄准 [佳句背诵]A goal is not always meant to be reached; it often serves simply as something to aim at. 目标并不一定总是要达到，很多时候它仅仅是为了给你方向感。 [归纳拓展] (1)take aim at 瞄准，对准 with the aim of... 以……为目标；意在…… (2)aim to do sth.＝aim at (doing)sth. 旨在做某事 be aimed at (doing)sth. 目的是；旨在 (3)aimless adj. 漫无目的的 (4)aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江6月卷)This is the Tiny Forest movement, which aims ________ (prove)that the best things in life really do come in small packages. ②Some students even have no idea of why they are studying, so they are _______ (aim)most of the time. ③Jane moved _________ (aimless)down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading. (2)句式升级 In order to promote understanding, we organised an evening party. ④We organised an evening party ________________________________. (aim n．) ⑤We organised an evening party _______________________________. (aim v．) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江6月卷)This is the Tiny Forest movement, which aims to prove (prove)that the best things in life really do come in small packages. ②Some students even have no idea of why they are studying, so they are aimless (aim)most of the time. ③Jane moved aimlessly (aimless)down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading. (2)句式升级 In order to promote understanding, we organised an evening party. ④We organised an evening party with the aim of promoting understanding. (aim n．) ⑤We organised an evening party aiming to promote understanding. (aim v．) 5．observe v. 庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；看到，观察到，注意到；观察，监视；遵守，奉行(法律、习俗等)；评论，说 [佳句背诵]I'm writing to tell you something about how we observe the Spring Festival. 我写信想告诉你们一些关于我们如何庆祝春节的事情。 [归纳拓展] (1)observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 It is/was observed that... 据观察…… (2)observe that... 说/评论…… (3)observation n. 观察，注意；观察结果 observatory n. 天文台；气象台 observer n. 观察员 [学以致用] (1)写出下列句子中observe的含义 ①The patients were observed over a period of several months. ____ ②The police observed that the driver did not observe the traffic rules. ______、____ ③Do they observe the Spring Festival in foreign countries? ____ ④She observed that it was getting late. __ (2)完成句子 ⑤__________________ experiences from childhood would more or less affect our life. 可以说，童年的经历或多或少地影响着我们的一生。 答案(1)写出下列句子中observe的含义 ①The patients were observed over a period of several months. 观察 ②The police observed that the driver did not observe the traffic rules. 注意到、遵守 ③Do they observe the Spring Festival in foreign countries? 庆祝 ④She observed that it was getting late. 说 (2)完成句子 ⑤It is observed that experiences from childhood would more or less affect our life. 可以说，童年的经历或多或少地影响着我们的一生。 Tips: observe作“观察，注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。 6．apologise v. 道歉 [佳句背诵]I'm writing to apologise to you for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. 我写信向你道歉，因为我周五下午不能和你一起去书店了。 [归纳拓展] (1)apologise to sb. for (doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 (2)apology n. 道歉，致歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事而向某人道歉 accept/refuse sb.'s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I owe you __ apology for what I said this morning; you must have found my attitude very annoying. ②Victor apologised ___ his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan. ③If you're late, you should apologise __ the host either immediately or later. ④I'm writing to make an apology to you ___ not returning your book on time. ⑤In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted _______ (apologise)to explain your awkwardness. (2)一句多译 我为不能守约向你道歉。 ⑥_____________________________________________ (apologise) ⑦_________________________________________________________ (apology) ⑧_______________________________________________(apology) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①I owe you an apology for what I said this morning; you must have found my attitude very annoying. ②Victor apologised for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan. ③If you're late, you should apologise to the host either immediately or later. ④I'm writing to make an apology to you for not returning your book on time. ⑤In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology (apologise)to explain your awkwardness. (2)一句多译 我为不能守约向你道歉。 ⑥I apologise to you for failing to keep the appointment. (apologise) ⑦I make an apology to you for failing to keep the appointment. (apology) ⑧I owe you an apology for failing to keep the appointment. (apology) 7．settle v. 和解，结束(争论)；解决(分歧等)；使定居；平静，安定 vt. 确定；(最终)决定 [佳句背诵] It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。 [归纳拓展] (1)settle down 安顿下来 settle sb. down 使某人安静下来 settle down to (doing)sth. 着手认真(做)某事；专心于(做)某事 settle in/into... 迁入(新居)；习惯于…… settle for 勉强接受，将就 (2)settlement n. 定居点；解决；(解决纷争的)协议 (3)settler n. 移民；殖民者 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国乙卷改编)In 1916, two girls of wealthy families traveled to a __________ (settle)in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. ②Its geographical position attracted the early ________ (settle)to New York City. ③Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter settle _______,get married and have kids. ④With so much noise outside, I can hardly settle down to ________(go) over my lessons. (2)句式升级 ⑤There are a lot of difficult problems to settle, so the newly-elected president is having a hard time. →_________________________________,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (with复合结构) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国乙卷改编)In 1916, two girls of wealthy families traveled to a settlement (settle)in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. ②Its geographical position attracted the early settlers (settle)to New York City. ③Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter settle down, get married and have kids. ④With so much noise outside, I can hardly settle down to going (go)over my lessons. (2)句式升级 ⑤There are a lot of difficult problems to settle, so the newly-elected president is having a hard time. →With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (with复合结构) 8．leave sth. behind 把某物抛在后面；遗留某物 [佳句背诵](2022·全国乙卷)You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind. 你可能是离开的那个朋友，也可能是那个被留下的(朋友)。 [归纳拓展] leave sb. alone 不打扰某人 leave sth. alone 不碰某物 leave for 动身去(某地) leave off 停止，中断 leave aside 不考虑；把……搁在一边 leave out 遗漏，不包括 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①By opening a novel, I can leave ______ my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. ②Leave _____ the boy; he can make up his own mind. ③Harry took up the story at the point where John had left ___． ④I had not been asked to the party, so I felt left ___ and a bit hurt. (2)一句多译 他们如此粗心以至于漏掉了一个重要细节。 ⑤________________________________________________________ (状语从句) ⑥________________________________________________________ (倒装句) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. ②Leave alone the boy; he can make up his own mind. ③Harry took up the story at the point where John had left off． ④I had not been asked to the party, so I felt left out and a bit hurt. (2)一句多译 他们如此粗心以至于漏掉了一个重要细节。 ⑤They were so careless that they left out an important detail. (状语从句) ⑥So careless were they that they left out an important detail. (倒装句) 9．完全倒装 [佳句背诵]In front of the temple stands an old pine tree, which is protected by the government now. 在寺庙前面有一棵老松树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。 [归纳拓展] 完全倒装的几种情况： (1)表示地点的here或there位于句首时； (2)表示方位或时间的副词(如out, down, up, away, now, then等)位于句首时； (3)介词短语作状语或代词such，副词so, neither, nor等位于句首时； (4)形容词、分词、不定式等作表语且位于句首时。 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There _____ (stand)many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. ②Present at the meeting yesterday ____ (be)some scientists from China. ③At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River ____ (lie)Chongqing, one of the largest cities in China. ④So fast ____ (do)light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. ⑤Such __ (be)our lively city, which you are welcome to visit at your convenience. (2)句式升级 ⑥There is an architecture on the top of the hill. The architecture dates back to the Ming Dynasty. →________________________________________________ the Ming Dynasty. (分词短语作定语的倒装句) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There stand (stand)many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. ②Present at the meeting yesterday were (be)some scientists from China. ③At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River lies (lie)Chongqing, one of the largest cities in China. ④So fast does (do)light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. ⑤Such is (be)our lively city, which you are welcome to visit at your convenience. (2)句式升级 ⑥There is an architecture on the top of the hill. The architecture dates back to the Ming Dynasty. →On the top of the hill stands an architecture dating back to the Ming Dynasty. (分词短语作定语的倒装句) Tips: 完全倒装结构的主语必须是名词。如果句子的主语是代词，则不用主谓倒装。 10．be＋形容词＋动词不定式 [佳句背诵]People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult to realise so long as the whole nation works hard for it. 人们相信，只要全国人民一起努力，中国梦就不难实现。 [归纳拓展] “主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句式有以下特点： (1)不定式说明主语在某些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。 (2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动意义。 (3)如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。 (4)该句式中常用的形容词有easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, comfortable, impossible, interesting, exciting, important等。 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The true meaning and the culture of Tang poems are difficult _____________ (understand)for a foreign learner. ②The story is very interesting for the students _______ (read). (2)完成句子 ③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable _________． 这扶手椅看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①The true meaning and the culture of Tang poems are difficult to understand (understand)for a foreign learner. ②The story is very interesting for the students to read (read). (2)完成句子 ③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in． 这扶手椅看上去很硬，但实际上坐上去很舒服。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$