内容正文:
Starter Welcome to junior high
单词
1.准备好(做某事)的adj. ready
2.教科书,教材,课本n. textbook
3.橡皮n. eraser
4.历史n. history
5.地理n. geography
6.生物n. biology
7.物理n. physics
8.化学n. chemistry
9.夹克;短上衣n. jacket
10.帽子n. hat
11.灰色的adj. grey
12.制服n. uniform
13.活动n. activity
14.参与;加入(某项活动)v. join
15.俱乐部n. club
16.实验室n. lab
17.介绍v. introduce
18.每个人;人人pron. everyone
19.假期,休假日 n. holiday
20.喜欢;享受……的乐趣 v. enjoy
21.神经紧张的;焦虑不安的adj. nervous
22.同班同学n. classmate
23.业余爱好,嗜好n. hobby
24.需要v. need
25.活动 n.activity→active adj.活跃的
26.装饰物 n.decoration→decorate v.装饰
28.召开,举行;进行 v. hold→held v.(过去式) 召开,举行;进行
短语
1.初级中学 junior high
2.信息技术 information technology
3.红领巾 red scarf
4.教学楼 teaching building
5.食堂 dining hall
6.介绍你自己 introduce yourself
句型
1.你准备好了吗?
Are you ready?
2.它在这儿。
Here it is.
3.你呢,李萌?
How about you, Li Meng?
4.王涛打算穿一件蓝色的运动夹克。
Wang Tao is going to wear a blue sports jacket.
1.这是你们的新学校。
This is your new school.
2.有三栋楼和一个操场。
There are three buildings and a playground.
3.这不是一所很大的学校,但是很漂亮。
It’s not a very big school, but it is beautiful.
4.今天,一些老师和学生将带你们参观。
Today, some teachers and students will show you around.
5.在一楼,我们有科学和计算机实验室。
On the first floor, we have science and computer labs.
6.我们在这里做早操,举办校运会。
We do morning exercises and hold school sports events here.
7.放学后,我们跑步或踢足球。
After school, we run or play football.
8.这个暑假,我和父母去了大连。
This summer holiday, I went to Dalian with my parents.
9.我喜欢帮助有困难的人。
I like helping people with their difficulties.
10.我现在有点紧张,但我也为能见到新老师和新同学感到高兴。
I’m a bit nervous now, but I’m also excited to meet new teachers and classmates.
11.我想和你们所有人交朋友!
I want to make friends with you all!
12.她上初中的第一天感觉如何?
How does she feel on the first day in junior high?
语法
名词、数词、冠词、形容词、一般现在时、一般将来时、there be句型、简单句的基本句型
一、知识点清单
1.ready adj.(某人)准备好(做某事)的;预先备好的
【典型例句】
She's upstairs getting ready.她在楼上做准备。
They were ready for the fray.他们准备好了争斗。
【知识拓展】含有ready的短语
ready for something准备做(某事)
ready for对...有适合准备
all ready全部准备;一切就绪
always ready随时候命
get ready for为……做准备
make ready准备好
ready money现金;现款
ready and waiting准备妥当并等待着
ready made现成的;预先制好的;无创意的
用含有ready的表达填空
Hang on---I'm_____________________.请稍候---我还没准备好呢。
The plane_____________________ take-off.飞机准备随时起飞。
答案:
Hang on---I'm not quite ready.
The plane is ready for take-off.
2.prepare v.使做好准备,把……预备好;(为……)做好准备
【典型例句】
I had no time to prepare.
我当时没时间准备。
The king urged his people to prepare for war.
国王呼吁臣民百姓准备作战。
While the pasta is cooking, prepare the sauce.
煮面的工夫,准备浇头。
【知识拓展】含prepare的短语
prepare for准备;筹备;预备
prepare goods备货;存货
prepare to do sth.准备做某事;预备做某事
用含prepare的表达填空
The ground staff do all they can_____________________the field.
场地保养人员全力准备赛场。
He has stepped up his training to_____________________.
他为准备那场比赛加强了训练。
The committee will _____________________the ground _____________________next month's meeting.
这个委员会将为下个月的会议做好准备。
答案:
The ground staff do all they can to prepare the field.
He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race.
The committee will prepare the ground for next month's meeting.
3.follow v.跟着,跟随;跟踪;遵循,听从;仿效,追随;理解,明白
【教材原句】Please follow them.(p.6)请跟随他们。
【典型例句】
He motioned for us to follow him.
他示意我们跟他走。
If you lead, I'll follow.
你领头,我跟着。
He was observed to follow her closely.
有人看到他紧跟着她。
Follow me please. I'll show you the way.
请跟我走。我来给你带路。
Make sure that you follow the instructions carefully.
一定保证你认真遵循这些用法说明。
Can you follow the plot so far?
你到目前能理解这个情节吗?
Sorry!I don't quite follow.
对不起!我不太听懂你的话。
【知识拓展】
follow me跟我来;跟着我;跟我做
follow through自始至终完成工作;动作跟随
follow suit学样子;学样
follow up追踪;穷追;随访;继而进行
用含follow的表达填空
Why didn't you _____________________ ?
你为什么不听我的劝告?
_____________________ the logic of your argument.
我不理解你观点的逻辑。
It would be a mistake to_____________________.
仿效他的做法是错误的。
The police will _____________________all possible leads.
警方将追踪所有可能有用的线索。
It's important_____________________the regular procedure.
按照惯常的程序行事是很重要的。
答案:
Why didn't you follow my advice ?
I don't follow the logic of your argument.
It would be a mistake to follow his example.
The police will follow up all possible leads.
It's important to follow the regular procedure.
4.nervous adj.神经紧张的,担忧的;焦虑不安的
【教材原句】I’m a bit nervous now...(p.9)我现在有点紧张...
【典型例句】
He's not the nervous type.
他不是那种好紧张的人。
I was too nervous to eat.
我紧张得饭都吃不下。
At our first meeting I was nervous.
我们第一次见面时我很紧张。
Strangely enough , I don't feel at all nervous.
真奇怪,我一点也不紧张。
【知识拓展】
get nervous变得紧张;紧张不安;感到紧张
feel nervous感到紧张;发慌
nervous breakdown精神崩溃
用含有nervous的表达填空
She became _____________________ she shook violently.
她紧张得全身猛烈颤抖。
In the ordinary way, she's not_____________________.
一般而言,她是个不爱紧张的人。
I have a tendency to talk too much _____________________.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
答案:
She became so nervous that she shook violently.
In the ordinary way, she's not a nervous person.
I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.
5.make friends with与他人建立友谊关系;与某人交朋友
【教材原句】I want to make friends with you all.(p.9)我想和你们所有人交朋友。
【典型例句】
I want to make friends with you.我想和你交个朋友。
Would you make friends with me?你愿意和我交朋友吗?
It's as if readers of paper books make friends with them.
就好像纸质书的读者和他们成为了朋友。
【知识拓展】
make way让路 ; 让出地方
make sense讲得通 ; 有意义 ; 有道理 ; 言之有理
make money赚钱 ; 挣钱 ; 发财致富 ; 赢利
make fun of取笑 ; 嘲弄 ; 取笑某人 ; 嘲笑
Simon finds it hard to_____________________.
西蒙感到难以和其他孩子交朋友。
_____________________your classmates. Be friendly to others.
试着和你的同学交朋友。要对他人友好。
Miss Wang often warns us not to _____________________.
王老师经常警告我们不要在网上和陌生人交朋友。
答案:
Simon finds it hard to make friends with other children.
Try to make friends with your classmates. Be friendly to others.
Miss Wang often warns us not to make friends with strangers online.
二、语法点清单
(一)名词
1.名词的数:分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式,复数形式的构成规则多样,如一般在词尾加 - s,以 s、x、sh、ch 等结尾的加 - es,以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es 等。不可数名词通常没有复数形式。
2.名词的格:表示某人的什么东西或人时使用所有格。单数名词在后面加's,复数名词以 s 结尾的直接在 s 后加 ',不是以 s 结尾的与单数一样处理。
(二)数词
1.基数词:表示数量的多少,如 one、two、three 等。基数词一般是单数形式,但在与 of 短语连用表示概数等情况下常用复数,如 scores of people。
2.序数词:表示排列的顺序,如 first、second、third 等。序数词前一般要加 the,其缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母,如 1st、2nd。
(三)冠词
1.不定冠词:a 和 an,a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。不定冠词表示 “一个”“某一个” 等意思,如 a book(一本书),an apple(一个苹果)。
2.定冠词:the,表示特指某个人、物或一类事物,如 the boy(这个男孩),the book on the desk(桌子上的那本书)。
(三)形容词
用于修饰名词或代词,说明人或事物的性质、特征等,如 a beautiful girl(一个漂亮的女孩),the red book(这本红色的书)。
有比较级和最高级形式,用于两者或多者之间的比较。一般在形容词原级后加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级,如 tall(高的),taller(更高的),tallest(最高的);多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词在前面加 more 和 most 构成比较级和最高级,如 beautiful(美丽的),more beautiful(更美丽的),most beautiful(最美丽的)。
(四)一般现在时
1.用法:表示经常性、习惯性动作,如 He plays basketball every weekend.(他每个周末都打篮球。);也可表示客观事实或真理,如 The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
2.动词变化:当主语是第三人称单数时,动词要加 s 或 es,如 work - works,go - goes。
(五)一般将来时
1.will + 动词原形:表示将来会发生的动作或存在的状态,will 可用于各种人称,如 I will go to school tomorrow.(我明天将去上学。),He will be back soon.(他很快就会回来。)
2.be going to + 动词原形:表示打算、计划做某事,或根据迹象推测即将发生的事情,如 She is going to visit her grandparents this weekend.(她这个周末打算去看望她的祖父母。)
(六)there be 句型
表示 “有”,意思是 “人或事物的存在” 或 “某地有某物”。其构成形式一般为 “there is/are + 某物 / 人 + 某地 / 时”,如 There are many students in the classroom.(教室里有很多学生。)
be 动词的形式要和其后出现的主语在单复数上保持一致,遵循 “就近原则”,如 There is a book and two pens on the desk.(桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。)
(七)简单句的基本句型
主语 + 谓语:如 He runs.(他跑步。)
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语:如 I like apples.(我喜欢苹果。)
主语 + 系动词 + 表语:如 She is happy.(她很高兴。)
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语:如 He gives me a book.(他给我一本书。)
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语:如 We make our classroom clean.(我们使我们的教室干净。)
单项选择
1.We should be ready ________ others when they are in trouble.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
2.A curious mind can help us ________ the unknown and open up new horizons.
A.explores B.exploring C.explored D.explore
3.—Please ask Amy to take my math book to the classroom this afternoon, Mandy.
—OK. Let me ________ her now.
A.telling B.tells C.to tell D.tell
4.If you get sick, you can call ________ in China.
A.110 B.114 C.120 D.119
5.Tim’s mother __________ angry because Tim __________ homework yesterday.
A.is, isn’t doing B.did, didn’t do C.was, didn’t do D.are; doesn’t do
6.He has ________ egg and ________ milk for breakfast.
A.a; a B.an; a C.an; some D.a; an
7.—Andy is really ________ honest boy.
—Yes. That’s why he is ________ most popular student in his class.
A.an; an B.an; the C.a; the D.the; /
8.She won’t let her daughter ________ by the river.
A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing
9.The sports centre is far away. It will take you one hour ________ there by bike.
A.to get B.gets
C.get D.got
10.Mr. Wang teaches ________ English. We all like ________.
A.our; him B.us; him C.us; her D.our; her
11.— Janice, there’s a classical music concert tonight. Would you like to go with me?
— _______. I like classical music.
A.Thank you B.No way C.Of course D.Forget it
12.—________ you often play sports?
—Yes, I do. I like sports very much.
A.Do B.Does C.Are D.Is
13.—Did you go to the zoo?
—No, I ________. I went to the park.
A.didn’t B.don’t C.wasn’t D.isn’t
14.—What did you do yesterday?
—I ________ my homework at home.
A.do B.did C.does D.am doing
15.In autumn, the weather gets cooler and the green leaves start _______ gold.
A.to turn B.turn C.turns D.turned
参考答案:
1.C
【解析】句意:当别人遇到困难时,我们应该准备好帮助他们。
考查形容词短语。help帮助,动词原形;helping动名词或现在分词;to help动词不定式;helped过去式。be ready to do sth.表示“准备好做某事”,是固定短语,所以空处用动词不定式。故选C。
2.D
【解析】句意:好奇心能帮助我们探索未知,开拓新的视野。
考查动词短语。explores探索,动词三单;exploring探索,动名词;explored探索,过去分词;explore探索,动词原形。根据“A curious mind can help us...”可知,help sb do意为“帮助某人做某事”,故选D。
3.D
【解析】句意:——曼迪,请让艾米今天下午把我的数学书带到教室。 ——好的。我现在告诉她。
考查使役动词let。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,此处用动词原形。故选D。
4.C
【解析】句意:在中国,如果你生病了,你可以拨打120。
考查常识。110是报警电话,用于报告犯罪或治安事件;114是查号台电话,用于查询电话号码或服务信息;120是中国统一的医疗急救电话,专门用于呼叫救护车或寻求紧急医疗帮助(如生病、受伤等);119是火警电话,用于火灾或救援事件。根据“get sick”可知,生病与医疗有关,应拨打120。故选C。
5.C
【解析】句意:Tim的妈妈很生气,因为Tim昨天没做作业。
考查动词辨析及时态。is是,一般现在时,主语为单数;was是,一般过去时,主语为单数;are是,一般现在时,主语为复数或第二人称;did做,实义动词,为助动词时没有意义。题干中“yesterday”表明动作发生在过去,第一空描述妈妈过去的状态,用be动词过去式“was”;第二空描述过去未完成的动作,用“didn’t do”。故选C。
6.C
【解析】句意:早餐他吃一个鸡蛋并喝一些牛奶。
考查冠词和限定词。a/an一个,表示泛指,a用于辅音音素开头的单数名词前,an用于元音音素素开头的单数名词前;some一些,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。第一空泛指“一个鸡蛋”,egg以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an;milk为不可数名词,前面不能用a修饰,但可用some修饰。故选C。
7.B
【解析】句意:——Andy真的是一个诚实的孩子。——是的。这就是为什么他是班里最受欢迎的学生。
考查冠词。a/an表示泛指,a用在辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指。第一空泛指“一个诚实的孩子”,honest以元音音素/ɒ/开头,故用不定冠词an;最高级most前需用定冠词the。故选B。
8.A
【解析】句意:她不会让她的女儿在河边玩耍。
考查非谓语动词。根据“let sb. do sth.”结构可知,let后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示“让某人做某事”。故选A。
9.A
【解析】句意:体育中心很远。你骑自行车到那里要花一个小时。
考查非谓语。to get动词不定式;gets三单形式;get动词原形;got过去式或过去分词。it will take sb+时间+to do sth“某人花时间做某事”,空格处用动词不定式。故选A。
10.B
【解析】句意:王先生教我们英语。我们都喜欢他。
考查代词辨析。our我们的;him他;us我们;her她的。根据“teaches...English”可知,此处是指教我们英语。teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”,故第一空处缺宾语,用代词宾格,因此第一空用us;再根据“We all like...”可知,此处是指我们都喜欢王先生,此处放在动词like后面,应该用宾格him代指王先生。故选B。
11.C
【解析】句意:——珍妮丝,今晚有古典音乐会。你愿意和我一起去吗?——当然可以,我喜欢古典音乐。
考查情景交际。Thank you谢谢你;No way没门;Of course当然可以;Forget it算了吧。根据“I like classical music.”可知,此处是同意和对方一起去,Of course符合语境。故选C。
12.A
【解析】句意:——你经常做运动吗?——是的,我经常运动。我非常喜欢运动。
考查一般疑问句。根据“Yes, I do. I like sports very much.”可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语为第二人称you,因此应用助动词Do构成一般疑问句。故选A。
13.A
【解析】句意:——你去动物园了吗?——不,我没有。我去了公园。
考查一般疑问句。根据答语中的“I went to the park.”可知,时态为一般过去时,且是对did引导的疑问句进行否定回答,应用didn’t。故选A。
14.B
【解析】句意:——你昨天做了什么?——我在家做作业。
考查动词时态。根据“What did you do yesterday?”可知,答句要用一般过去时。故选B。
15.A
【解析】句意:在秋天,天气变得凉爽,绿叶开始变成金色。
考查固定搭配。start to do sth.“开始做某事”,固定用法。故选A。
三、写作清单
Write about yourself
(一)话题分析
本单元写作主题 “Write about yourself” 旨在让同学们学会用英语介绍自己,这是英语学习中基础且重要的部分。通过自我介绍,不仅能锻炼大家运用英语描述个人基本信息、喜好、经历等方面的能力,还能帮助同学们在新环境中更好地与他人交流,让别人了解自己。在写作过程中,我们要以第一人称 “I” 来叙述,主要使用一般现在时来描述常规情况,若涉及过去的经历则用一般过去时。
(二)写作内容
基本信息:包括姓名(英文名字或中文名字的拼音)、年龄、性别、所在学校和班级。例如:My name is Li Hua. I am a 12 - year - old boy. I study in Class 3, Grade 7 at Sunshine Middle School.
个人爱好:可以介绍自己喜欢的运动、学科、书籍、音乐、电影等。比如:I like playing basketball because it makes me strong and energetic. English is my favorite subject as I think it is very interesting. I enjoy reading storybooks in my free time.
性格特点:描述自己的性格,如开朗(outgoing)、友善(friendly)、乐于助人(helpful)、勤奋(hard - working)等。例如:I am an outgoing and friendly boy. I like to make friends with others. I am always ready to help my classmates when they are in trouble.
近期经历:若有一些特别的假期经历、参加活动的经历等也可写入。像:Last summer holiday, I went to the beach with my family. We had a great time playing in the sand and swimming in the sea.
(三)写作要点
信息准确完整:确保所提供的个人信息准确无误,不能出现拼写错误或语法错误。要涵盖基本信息、爱好、性格、经历等关键内容,不能有重大遗漏。
语言表达恰当:使用简单易懂、准确的英语词汇和句型来表达自己的意思。避免使用过于复杂生僻的词汇和结构,以免出错。例如,表达 “我喜欢……”,用 “I like...” 就很合适。
逻辑清晰连贯:各个段落之间、句子之间要有合理的逻辑关系,过渡自然。比如在介绍完爱好后,可以用 “And I am also...” 这样的句子来自然过渡到介绍性格特点。
(四)写作思路
开头:可以用一句简单的问候语开启,如 “Hello, everyone!” 或者 “Nice to meet you all.” 然后直接点明主题,如 “Now I would like to introduce myself to you.”
中间:按照基本信息、爱好、性格、经历的顺序依次介绍。每介绍完一个方面,可以适当举例说明,让内容更丰富具体。例如介绍爱好时,在说喜欢打篮球后,可以补充 “I often play basketball with my friends after school.”
结尾:可以表达一下自己对新环境(如学校、班级)的期待,或者希望与大家交朋友。如 “I am very excited to study in this new school and make more friends here.” 或者 “Do you want to be my friends? I hope we can have a great time together.”
(五)写作步骤
1.列出提纲
开头:问候并引出主题。
中间:
基本信息:姓名、年龄、性别、学校班级。
爱好:列举一两个爱好并简单说明原因。
性格:描述性格特点并举例。
经历:讲述一段近期经历。
结尾:表达期待或交友意愿。
2.句子写作
根据提纲,将每个要点扩展成完整的句子。例如基本信息部分:My name is Tom. I am 13 years old. I am a boy. I am in Class 2, Grade 7 at Star Middle School.
注意正确使用语法和词汇,确保句子通顺。
3.连句成篇
使用合适的连接词,如 and, but, also 等,将各个句子连接起来,形成一篇完整的短文。例如:My name is Tom. I am 13 years old and I am a boy. I am in Class 2, Grade 7 at Star Middle School. And I like playing football because it is exciting. I am an active and friendly boy. Also, I often help my classmates with their homework. Last weekend, I went to the zoo with my parents. We saw many cute animals there. I am very happy to be here and hope to make good friends with you all.
4.检查修改
检查语法错误,如 be 动词、动词的第三人称单数形式是否正确。
检查单词拼写错误。
检查句子之间的逻辑是否合理,连接词使用是否恰当。
(六)词汇提示
描述基本信息:name(名字),age(年龄),year(年),old(…… 岁的),boy(男孩),girl(女孩),school(学校),class(班级),grade(年级)
描述爱好:like(喜欢),love(热爱),enjoy(享受),favorite(最喜欢的),sport(运动),subject(学科),book(书),music(音乐),movie(电影),play(玩,打),read(阅读),watch(观看)
描述性格:outgoing(开朗的),friendly(友好的),helpful(乐于助人的),kind(善良的),active(积极的),quiet(安静的),hard - working(勤奋的)
描述经历:go(去),visit(参观),have(有),spend(花费),time(时间),last(上一个),summer holiday(暑假),winter holiday(寒假),weekend(周末)
(七)句型提示
介绍姓名:My name is... / I'm... / My first name is... and my last name is...
介绍年龄:I am... years old. / I am at the age of... / I am a... - year - old boy/girl.
介绍所在学校班级:I study in/at... Middle School. I am in Class..., Grade...
表达爱好:I like/love/enjoy doing sth. / My favorite... is... / I like... best.
描述性格:I am + 形容词. / I have a/an + 形容词 + personality.
描述经历:Last... I went to... / I had a great time... / I spent... doing sth.
(八)范例作文
Hello, everyone! Now I would like to introduce myself to you. My name is Lucy Green. Lucy is my first name and Green is my last name. I am a 12 - year - old girl. I study in Class 5, Grade 7 at Moonlight Middle School.
I have many hobbies. I like reading books very much because I can learn a lot from them. After school, I often play badminton with my friends. It makes me feel relaxed. I am an outgoing and helpful girl. I always smile at others and I am ready to help those in need.
Last summer holiday, I visited the Great Wall with my parents. It was really amazing. I was proud to see such a wonderful building.
I am very excited to study in this new school and hope to make more good friends here. Do you want to be my friends?
译文:
大家好!现在我想向你们介绍一下我自己。我的名字叫露西・格林。露西是我的名字,格林是我的姓氏。我是一个 12 岁的女孩。我在月光中学七年级五班学习。
我有很多爱好。我非常喜欢读书,因为我能从书中学到很多东西。放学后,我经常和朋友们一起打羽毛球。这让我感到很放松。我是一个开朗且乐于助人的女孩。我总是对别人微笑,并且我乐于帮助那些有需要的人。
去年暑假,我和父母一起参观了长城。它真的令人惊叹。看到如此宏伟的建筑我感到很自豪。
能在这所新学校学习我非常兴奋,并且希望在这里能交到更多的好朋友。你们想成为我的朋友吗?
(九)实战演练
假如你是Sally,进入初中将近一年的你,在学校的生活还好吧?请你根据下面的提示内容,写信向你的朋友Jane介绍你和你的初中生活。大约80词左右。
提示内容:
1. 你的年龄,班级,喜欢和不喜欢的课程及原因;
2. 你三餐饭吃什么;
3. 你喜欢的动物及原因;
4. 你喜欢的运动及原因;
5. 介绍至少两条校规及对校规的看法。
要求:
1. 短文应包括提示中所有的写作要点,条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥;
2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名;
3. 开头结尾已给,不计入总词数。
Dear Jane,
How are you these days? Well, I want to tell you something about me and my school life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What about you? Please write to me soon.
Yours,
Sally
【参考范文】
Dear Jane,
How are you these days? Well, I want to tell you something about me and my school life.
I am 13 years old. I am in Class 2, Grade 7. My favorite subject is English. I think it is interesting. But I don’t like math, because it is difficult for me. I have milk and eggs for breakfast. I have noodles for lunch. As for dinner, I have rice and some dishes. I have a pet dog. It’s cute. And I like running because it can keep me fit.
There are many rules in our school. We have to wear school uniforms on school days. I think it is not good, because the uniforms are not beautiful. And we can’t run in the hallway. It can keep us from danger.
What about you? Please write to me soon.
Yours,
Sally
[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇书信作文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意不要遗漏提示,并适当添加细节,注意字母大小写以及标点符号。
[写作步骤]
第一步、承接已给的开头,介绍自己的年龄、班级,喜欢和不喜欢的课程及原因;
第二步、介绍自己三餐、喜欢的动物和运动及原因;
第三步、介绍至少两条校规及对校规的看法并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①as for至于
②keep me fit让我保持健康
③in the hallway在走廊里
[高分句型]
①And I like running because it can keep me fit.(because引导原因状语从句)
1 / 11
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
Starter Welcome to junior high
单词
1.准备好(做某事)的adj. _________________
2.教科书,教材,课本n. _________________
3.橡皮n. _________________
4.历史n. _________________
5.地理n. _________________
6.生物n. _________________
7.物理n. _________________
8.化学n. _________________
9.夹克;短上衣n. _________________
10.帽子n. _________________
11.灰色的adj. _________________
12.制服n. _________________
13.活动n. _________________
14.参与;加入(某项活动)v.
15.俱乐部n. _________________
16.实验室n. _________________
17.介绍v. _________________
18.每个人;人人pron. _________________
19.假期,休假日 n. _________________
20.喜欢;享受……的乐趣 v.____________
21.神经紧张的;焦虑不安的adj._____________
22.同班同学n. _______________
23.业余爱好,嗜好n. _____________
24.需要v. ___________
25.活动 n._________→________ adj.活跃的
26. 装饰物 n.________→_________ v.装饰
27. 召开,举行;进行 v. ________→_________ v.(过去式) 召开,举行;进行
短语
1.初级中学 _________________
2.信息技术 _________________
3.红领巾 _________________
4.教学楼 _________________
5.食堂 _________________
6.介绍你自己 _________________
句型
1.你准备好了吗?
______________________________________
2.它在这儿。
______________________________________
3.你呢,李萌?
______________________________________
4.王涛打算穿一件蓝色的运动夹克。
______________________________________
1.这是你们的新学校。
______________________________________
2.有三栋楼和一个操场。
______________________________________
3.这不是一所很大的学校,但是很漂亮。
______________________________________
4.今天,一些老师和学生将带你们参观。
______________________________________
5.在一楼,我们有科学和计算机实验室。
______________________________________
6.我们在这里做早操,举办校运会。
______________________________________
7.放学后,我们跑步或踢足球。
______________________________________
8.这个暑假,我和父母去了大连。
______________________________________
9.我喜欢帮助有困难的人。
______________________________________
10.我现在有点紧张,但我也为能见到新老师和新同学感到高兴。
______________________________________
11.我想和你们所有人交朋友!
______________________________________
12.她上初中的第一天感觉如何?
______________________________________
语法
名词、数词、冠词、形容词、一般现在时、一般将来时、there be句型、简单句的基本句型
一、知识点清单
1.ready adj.(某人)准备好(做某事)的;预先备好的
【典型例句】
She's upstairs getting ready.她在楼上做准备。
They were ready for the fray.他们准备好了争斗。
【知识拓展】含有ready的短语
ready for something准备做(某事)
ready for对...有适合准备
all ready全部准备;一切就绪
always ready随时候命
get ready for为……做准备
make ready准备好
ready money现金;现款
ready and waiting准备妥当并等待着
ready made现成的;预先制好的;无创意的
用含有ready的表达填空
Hang on---I'm_____________________.请稍候---我还没准备好呢。
The plane_____________________ take-off.飞机准备随时起飞。
2.prepare v.使做好准备,把……预备好;(为……)做好准备
【典型例句】
I had no time to prepare.
我当时没时间准备。
The king urged his people to prepare for war.
国王呼吁臣民百姓准备作战。
While the pasta is cooking, prepare the sauce.
煮面的工夫,准备浇头。
【知识拓展】含prepare的短语
prepare for准备;筹备;预备
prepare goods备货;存货
prepare to do sth.准备做某事;预备做某事
用含prepare的表达填空
The ground staff do all they can_____________________the field.
场地保养人员全力准备赛场。
He has stepped up his training to_____________________.
他为准备那场比赛加强了训练。
The committee will _____________________the ground _____________________next month's meeting.
这个委员会将为下个月的会议做好准备。
3.follow v.跟着,跟随;跟踪;遵循,听从;仿效,追随;理解,明白
【教材原句】Please follow them.(p.6)请跟随他们。
【典型例句】
He motioned for us to follow him.
他示意我们跟他走。
If you lead, I'll follow.
你领头,我跟着。
He was observed to follow her closely.
有人看到他紧跟着她。
Follow me please. I'll show you the way.
请跟我走。我来给你带路。
Make sure that you follow the instructions carefully.
一定保证你认真遵循这些用法说明。
Can you follow the plot so far?
你到目前能理解这个情节吗?
Sorry!I don't quite follow.
对不起!我不太听懂你的话。
【知识拓展】
follow me跟我来;跟着我;跟我做
follow through自始至终完成工作;动作跟随
follow suit学样子;学样
follow up追踪;穷追;随访;继而进行
用含follow的表达填空
Why didn't you _____________________ ?
你为什么不听我的劝告?
_____________________ the logic of your argument.
我不理解你观点的逻辑。
It would be a mistake to_____________________.
仿效他的做法是错误的。
The police will _____________________all possible leads.
警方将追踪所有可能有用的线索。
It's important_____________________the regular procedure.
按照惯常的程序行事是很重要的。
4.nervous adj.神经紧张的,担忧的;焦虑不安的
【教材原句】I’m a bit nervous now...(p.9)我现在有点紧张...
【典型例句】
He's not the nervous type.
他不是那种好紧张的人。
I was too nervous to eat.
我紧张得饭都吃不下。
At our first meeting I was nervous.
我们第一次见面时我很紧张。
Strangely enough , I don't feel at all nervous.
真奇怪,我一点也不紧张。
【知识拓展】
get nervous变得紧张;紧张不安;感到紧张
feel nervous感到紧张;发慌
nervous breakdown精神崩溃
用含有nervous的表达填空
She became _____________________ she shook violently.
她紧张得全身猛烈颤抖。
In the ordinary way, she's not_____________________.
一般而言,她是个不爱紧张的人。
I have a tendency to talk too much _____________________.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
5.make friends with与他人建立友谊关系;与某人交朋友
【教材原句】I want to make friends with you all.(p.9)我想和你们所有人交朋友。
【典型例句】
I want to make friends with you.我想和你交个朋友。
Would you make friends with me?你愿意和我交朋友吗?
It's as if readers of paper books make friends with them.
就好像纸质书的读者和他们成为了朋友。
【知识拓展】
make way让路 ; 让出地方
make sense讲得通 ; 有意义 ; 有道理 ; 言之有理
make money赚钱 ; 挣钱 ; 发财致富 ; 赢利
make fun of取笑 ; 嘲弄 ; 取笑某人 ; 嘲笑
Simon finds it hard to_____________________.
西蒙感到难以和其他孩子交朋友。
_____________________your classmates. Be friendly to others.
试着和你的同学交朋友。要对他人友好。
Miss Wang often warns us not to _____________________.
王老师经常警告我们不要在网上和陌生人交朋友。
二、语法点清单
(一)名词
1.名词的数:分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式,复数形式的构成规则多样,如一般在词尾加 - s,以 s、x、sh、ch 等结尾的加 - es,以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加 es 等。不可数名词通常没有复数形式。
2.名词的格:表示某人的什么东西或人时使用所有格。单数名词在后面加's,复数名词以 s 结尾的直接在 s 后加 ',不是以 s 结尾的与单数一样处理。
(二)数词
1.基数词:表示数量的多少,如 one、two、three 等。基数词一般是单数形式,但在与 of 短语连用表示概数等情况下常用复数,如 scores of people。
2.序数词:表示排列的顺序,如 first、second、third 等。序数词前一般要加 the,其缩写形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母,如 1st、2nd。
(三)冠词
1.不定冠词:a 和 an,a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。不定冠词表示 “一个”“某一个” 等意思,如 a book(一本书),an apple(一个苹果)。
2.定冠词:the,表示特指某个人、物或一类事物,如 the boy(这个男孩),the book on the desk(桌子上的那本书)。
(三)形容词
用于修饰名词或代词,说明人或事物的性质、特征等,如 a beautiful girl(一个漂亮的女孩),the red book(这本红色的书)。
有比较级和最高级形式,用于两者或多者之间的比较。一般在形容词原级后加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级,如 tall(高的),taller(更高的),tallest(最高的);多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词在前面加 more 和 most 构成比较级和最高级,如 beautiful(美丽的),more beautiful(更美丽的),most beautiful(最美丽的)。
(四)一般现在时
1.用法:表示经常性、习惯性动作,如 He plays basketball every weekend.(他每个周末都打篮球。);也可表示客观事实或真理,如 The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
2.动词变化:当主语是第三人称单数时,动词要加 s 或 es,如 work - works,go - goes。
(五)一般将来时
1.will + 动词原形:表示将来会发生的动作或存在的状态,will 可用于各种人称,如 I will go to school tomorrow.(我明天将去上学。),He will be back soon.(他很快就会回来。)
2.be going to + 动词原形:表示打算、计划做某事,或根据迹象推测即将发生的事情,如 She is going to visit her grandparents this weekend.(她这个周末打算去看望她的祖父母。)
(六)there be 句型
表示 “有”,意思是 “人或事物的存在” 或 “某地有某物”。其构成形式一般为 “there is/are + 某物 / 人 + 某地 / 时”,如 There are many students in the classroom.(教室里有很多学生。)
be 动词的形式要和其后出现的主语在单复数上保持一致,遵循 “就近原则”,如 There is a book and two pens on the desk.(桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。)
(七)简单句的基本句型
主语 + 谓语:如 He runs.(他跑步。)
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语:如 I like apples.(我喜欢苹果。)
主语 + 系动词 + 表语:如 She is happy.(她很高兴。)
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语:如 He gives me a book.(他给我一本书。)
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语:如 We make our classroom clean.(我们使我们的教室干净。)
单项选择
1.We should be ready ________ others when they are in trouble.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
2.A curious mind can help us ________ the unknown and open up new horizons.
A.explores B.exploring C.explored D.explore
3.—Please ask Amy to take my math book to the classroom this afternoon, Mandy.
—OK. Let me ________ her now.
A.telling B.tells C.to tell D.tell
4.If you get sick, you can call ________ in China.
A.110 B.114 C.120 D.119
5.Tim’s mother __________ angry because Tim __________ homework yesterday.
A.is, isn’t doing B.did, didn’t do C.was, didn’t do D.are; doesn’t do
6.He has ________ egg and ________ milk for breakfast.
A.a; a B.an; a C.an; some D.a; an
7.—Andy is really ________ honest boy.
—Yes. That’s why he is ________ most popular student in his class.
A.an; an B.an; the C.a; the D.the; /
8.She won’t let her daughter ________ by the river.
A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing
9.The sports centre is far away. It will take you one hour ________ there by bike.
A.to get B.gets
C.get D.got
10.Mr. Wang teaches ________ English. We all like ________.
A.our; him B.us; him C.us; her D.our; her
11.— Janice, there’s a classical music concert tonight. Would you like to go with me?
— _______. I like classical music.
A.Thank you B.No way C.Of course D.Forget it
12.—________ you often play sports?
—Yes, I do. I like sports very much.
A.Do B.Does C.Are D.Is
13.—Did you go to the zoo?
—No, I ________. I went to the park.
A.didn’t B.don’t C.wasn’t D.isn’t
14.—What did you do yesterday?
—I ________ my homework at home.
A.do B.did C.does D.am doing
15.In autumn, the weather gets cooler and the green leaves start _______ gold.
A.to turn B.turn C.turns D.turned
三、写作清单
Write about yourself
(一)话题分析
本单元写作主题 “Write about yourself” 旨在让同学们学会用英语介绍自己,这是英语学习中基础且重要的部分。通过自我介绍,不仅能锻炼大家运用英语描述个人基本信息、喜好、经历等方面的能力,还能帮助同学们在新环境中更好地与他人交流,让别人了解自己。在写作过程中,我们要以第一人称 “I” 来叙述,主要使用一般现在时来描述常规情况,若涉及过去的经历则用一般过去时。
(二)写作内容
基本信息:包括姓名(英文名字或中文名字的拼音)、年龄、性别、所在学校和班级。例如:My name is Li Hua. I am a 12 - year - old boy. I study in Class 3, Grade 7 at Sunshine Middle School.
个人爱好:可以介绍自己喜欢的运动、学科、书籍、音乐、电影等。比如:I like playing basketball because it makes me strong and energetic. English is my favorite subject as I think it is very interesting. I enjoy reading storybooks in my free time.
性格特点:描述自己的性格,如开朗(outgoing)、友善(friendly)、乐于助人(helpful)、勤奋(hard - working)等。例如:I am an outgoing and friendly boy. I like to make friends with others. I am always ready to help my classmates when they are in trouble.
近期经历:若有一些特别的假期经历、参加活动的经历等也可写入。像:Last summer holiday, I went to the beach with my family. We had a great time playing in the sand and swimming in the sea.
(三)写作要点
信息准确完整:确保所提供的个人信息准确无误,不能出现拼写错误或语法错误。要涵盖基本信息、爱好、性格、经历等关键内容,不能有重大遗漏。
语言表达恰当:使用简单易懂、准确的英语词汇和句型来表达自己的意思。避免使用过于复杂生僻的词汇和结构,以免出错。例如,表达 “我喜欢……”,用 “I like...” 就很合适。
逻辑清晰连贯:各个段落之间、句子之间要有合理的逻辑关系,过渡自然。比如在介绍完爱好后,可以用 “And I am also...” 这样的句子来自然过渡到介绍性格特点。
(四)写作思路
开头:可以用一句简单的问候语开启,如 “Hello, everyone!” 或者 “Nice to meet you all.” 然后直接点明主题,如 “Now I would like to introduce myself to you.”
中间:按照基本信息、爱好、性格、经历的顺序依次介绍。每介绍完一个方面,可以适当举例说明,让内容更丰富具体。例如介绍爱好时,在说喜欢打篮球后,可以补充 “I often play basketball with my friends after school.”
结尾:可以表达一下自己对新环境(如学校、班级)的期待,或者希望与大家交朋友。如 “I am very excited to study in this new school and make more friends here.” 或者 “Do you want to be my friends? I hope we can have a great time together.”
(五)写作步骤
1.列出提纲
开头:问候并引出主题。
中间:
基本信息:姓名、年龄、性别、学校班级。
爱好:列举一两个爱好并简单说明原因。
性格:描述性格特点并举例。
经历:讲述一段近期经历。
结尾:表达期待或交友意愿。
2.句子写作
根据提纲,将每个要点扩展成完整的句子。例如基本信息部分:My name is Tom. I am 13 years old. I am a boy. I am in Class 2, Grade 7 at Star Middle School.
注意正确使用语法和词汇,确保句子通顺。
3.连句成篇
使用合适的连接词,如 and, but, also 等,将各个句子连接起来,形成一篇完整的短文。例如:My name is Tom. I am 13 years old and I am a boy. I am in Class 2, Grade 7 at Star Middle School. And I like playing football because it is exciting. I am an active and friendly boy. Also, I often help my classmates with their homework. Last weekend, I went to the zoo with my parents. We saw many cute animals there. I am very happy to be here and hope to make good friends with you all.
4.检查修改
检查语法错误,如 be 动词、动词的第三人称单数形式是否正确。
检查单词拼写错误。
检查句子之间的逻辑是否合理,连接词使用是否恰当。
(六)词汇提示
描述基本信息:name(名字),age(年龄),year(年),old(…… 岁的),boy(男孩),girl(女孩),school(学校),class(班级),grade(年级)
描述爱好:like(喜欢),love(热爱),enjoy(享受),favorite(最喜欢的),sport(运动),subject(学科),book(书),music(音乐),movie(电影),play(玩,打),read(阅读),watch(观看)
描述性格:outgoing(开朗的),friendly(友好的),helpful(乐于助人的),kind(善良的),active(积极的),quiet(安静的),hard - working(勤奋的)
描述经历:go(去),visit(参观),have(有),spend(花费),time(时间),last(上一个),summer holiday(暑假),winter holiday(寒假),weekend(周末)
(七)句型提示
介绍姓名:My name is... / I'm... / My first name is... and my last name is...
介绍年龄:I am... years old. / I am at the age of... / I am a... - year - old boy/girl.
介绍所在学校班级:I study in/at... Middle School. I am in Class..., Grade...
表达爱好:I like/love/enjoy doing sth. / My favorite... is... / I like... best.
描述性格:I am + 形容词. / I have a/an + 形容词 + personality.
描述经历:Last... I went to... / I had a great time... / I spent... doing sth.
(八)范例作文
Hello, everyone! Now I would like to introduce myself to you. My name is Lucy Green. Lucy is my first name and Green is my last name. I am a 12 - year - old girl. I study in Class 5, Grade 7 at Moonlight Middle School.
I have many hobbies. I like reading books very much because I can learn a lot from them. After school, I often play badminton with my friends. It makes me feel relaxed. I am an outgoing and helpful girl. I always smile at others and I am ready to help those in need.
Last summer holiday, I visited the Great Wall with my parents. It was really amazing. I was proud to see such a wonderful building.
I am very excited to study in this new school and hope to make more good friends here. Do you want to be my friends?
译文:
大家好!现在我想向你们介绍一下我自己。我的名字叫露西・格林。露西是我的名字,格林是我的姓氏。我是一个 12 岁的女孩。我在月光中学七年级五班学习。
我有很多爱好。我非常喜欢读书,因为我能从书中学到很多东西。放学后,我经常和朋友们一起打羽毛球。这让我感到很放松。我是一个开朗且乐于助人的女孩。我总是对别人微笑,并且我乐于帮助那些有需要的人。
去年暑假,我和父母一起参观了长城。它真的令人惊叹。看到如此宏伟的建筑我感到很自豪。
能在这所新学校学习我非常兴奋,并且希望在这里能交到更多的好朋友。你们想成为我的朋友吗?
(九)实战演练
假如你是Sally,进入初中将近一年的你,在学校的生活还好吧?请你根据下面的提示内容,写信向你的朋友Jane介绍你和你的初中生活。大约80词左右。
提示内容:
1. 你的年龄,班级,喜欢和不喜欢的课程及原因;
2. 你三餐饭吃什么;
3. 你喜欢的动物及原因;
4. 你喜欢的运动及原因;
5. 介绍至少两条校规及对校规的看法。
要求:
1. 短文应包括提示中所有的写作要点,条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥;
2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名;
3. 开头结尾已给,不计入总词数。
Dear Jane,
How are you these days? Well, I want to tell you something about me and my school life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What about you? Please write to me soon.
Yours,
Sally
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