选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 Education-【高中必刷题】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修1+2同步课件（北师大版）

英语 选择性必修 第二册 BS 1 选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 Education 2 01 Topic Talk &Lesson 1 Enlightening a Mind Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Her voice was choked with __________ （excite） when she heard the news that her favourite team won the championship. excitement 解析 句意为：当她听到她最喜欢的队伍赢得冠军的消息时，她激动得说不出话来。be choked with sth为固定短语，意为“受某事/物影响而激动得说不出话”。设空处作介词with的宾语，应用名词。故填excitement，意为“激动，兴奋”时为不可数名词。 2.Forecasters say the snowstorm may not be as bad as they ________ （initial） predicted. initially 解析 句意为：气象预报员表示，这场暴风雪可能没有他们最初预报的那么严重。设空处作状语，修饰动词predicted，应用副词。故填initially。 3.Only by finishing all the _______ （pain） training can you win the gold medal. painful 解析 句意为：只有完成所有痛苦的训练，你才能获得金牌。设空处后面为名词，因此应用形容词，作定语。 刷单句填空 4 4.He tends to explore more with the __________ （expand） of interest in science. expansion 解析 句意为：随着对科学更加感兴趣，他往往会进行更多的探索。设空处作介词with的宾语，且被定冠词the和of引起的介词短语修饰，应用名词，此处特指“他对科学的兴趣的增加”。故填expansion。 5.The famous physicist was enthusiastic ______ designing complicated toys in his childhood. about 解析 句意为：这位著名的物理学家在童年时期就对设计复杂的玩具很感兴趣。be enthusiastic about为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣；热衷于……”。故填about。 6.Jim insisted that the project discussed at the meeting ____________________ （carry） out at once. （should） be carried 解析 句意为：吉姆坚决要求会议上讨论的那个项目应该立刻执行。insist作“坚称”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气；作“坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should+）动词原形”。结合句意可知，此处insisted意为“坚决要求”，从句谓语用虚拟语气；project和carry out之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填（should） be carried。 刷单句填空 5 7.____ he continues to adapt to the new surroundings, he will make better academic performances. As 解析 句意为：随着他对新环境的持续适应，他的学习成绩会更好。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”。故填As。 8.It was the first time the little girl ____________ （attain） such great praise from her parents. had attained 解析 句意为：这是这个小女孩第一次从父母那里得到如此大的赞扬。it was the first time （that） sb had done sth为固定句式，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，主句用一般过去时，that从句中常使用过去完成时。故填had attained。 9.We were walking along the riverbank ______we heard someone crying for help. when 解析 句意为：我们正在沿着河岸散步，忽然听到有人哭喊着求救。本句考查固定句式sb be doing… when…，意为“某人正在做……，这时突然……”。 刷单句填空 6 知识拓展 when的其他常用句型 （1）be about to do… when… 意为“正要做……，这时……”。如：I was about to give up when my father came and inspired me to keep going.我正要放弃，这时父亲来了，激励我坚持下去。 （2）sb had （just） done sth when… 意为“某人（刚）做完某事，这时……”。如:I had just finished my work when she came in.我刚刚做完工作，这时她进来了。 （3）be on the point of doing… when… 意为“正要做……，这时……”。如:He was on the point of saying something when the phone rang.他正要说话时电话铃响了。 刷单句填空 7 10.This is ______ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. what 解析 句意为：这就是我父亲教我的——永远要直面困难，并抱有最大的希望。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语，意为“……的东西”，故填what。 刷单句填空 8 根据提示补全句子。 1.这份新工作很可能为她开辟全新的前景。（open） This new job is likely ___ ______ ____ brand new prospects for her. 2.在我很小的时候，我父母就教导我要言行一致。（consistent） I was taught by my parents from an early age that deeds should ____ __________ _____ words. to open up be consistent with 3.那些缺乏自信的人在面对令人沮丧的事情时常常会放弃。（tendency） Those who are lacking in confidence _____ ___ _________ ___ give up in the face of frustrations. have a tendency to 4.据建议，儿童使用电子设备的时间应该限制在每天半小时以内。（restrict） It is proposed that the screen time for children _______ ____ _________ ___ less than half an hour a day. should be restricted to 5.显然，残疾人得到更多的来自社会的关爱。（apparent） ___ ___ _________ _____ the disabled are provided with more care and love from society. It is apparent that 刷单句表达 9 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.I turned to find him ________ （come） towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. coming 解析 句意为：我转过身，发现他正朝我走来，他小小的身体正摇晃着往前走。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词作宾补，come与宾语him之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故使用其现在分词形式。 2.Judy and I had our car _______ （park） in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery ________ （charge）. parked charged 解析 句意为：朱迪和我把车停在了特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。此处考查“have/get+宾语+宾补”结构。第一空前的our car和park之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该使用过去分词作宾补，故第一空填parked；第二空前的car battery与charge之间也是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故第二空填charged。 刷单元语法 10 3.Something large was found ________ （float） in the sea about a mile away from the shore. floating 解析 句意为：在离海岸大约一英里（约1,609米）远的海里发现了一个漂浮着的大型物体。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构的被动形式，因此设空处作主语补足语，float和其逻辑主语Something之间为主动关系，此处表示主动和正在进行的含义，应用现在分词作主语补足语。故填floating。 4.You should get your composition ________ （polish） before you hand in it. polished 解析 句意为：你应该在交作文之前把它润色一下。此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构，polish作动词时意为“润色，修改”，polish和composition之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填polished。 刷单元语法 11 5.When his mother had him ____ （do） his homework, he decided to have the light ________ （burn） all night to work hard. do burning 解析 句意为：当他妈妈让他做作业时，他决定让灯整夜亮着以努力学习。本题考查“have+宾语+宾补”结构。have sb do sth表示“让某人做某事”，设空处为不定式作宾补，省略了不定式符号to，故填do；第二空前的the light和burn之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且此处表示动作持续进行，应用现在分词作宾补，故填burning。 6.Don’t worry. I’ll have it ______ （type） and get someone ________ （send） it to you tomorrow. typed to send 解析 句意为：别担心。我会把它打印出来，明天叫人寄给你。it与动词type之间为逻辑上的被动关系，have sth done表示“使某事被做”，故第一空填typed；get sb to do sth表示“让某人去做某事”，故第二空填to send。 刷单元语法 12 7.You can always get your writing ________ （check） by reviewers on the website Daily Themes before you share it. checked 解析 句意为：在你分享文章之前，你可以随时在Daily Themes网站上让审查者检查你的文章。分析句子结构可知，此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构，check和writing之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填checked。 刷单元语法 13 易混辨析 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾补的用法区别 （1）现在分词作宾补，表示主动和进行。如： I found those students studying very hard.我发现那些学生学习非常努力。（主动） I have kept you waiting a long time.我让你久等了。（表主动，动作持续进行） （2）过去分词作宾补，表示被动和完成。如： He heard his name called.他听见有人叫他的名字。（被动） She felt a great load taken off her mind.她感到如释重负。（表被动，动作已经完成） （3）不定式作宾补，表示主动和将要进行的动作。如： I’ll get someone to do it for you.我将找人帮你做这件事。（主动和将要进行） 刷单元语法 14 8.Frankly speaking, I will not have you ________ （treat） the elderly in such a rude manner. treating 解析 句意为：坦白说，我是不会容忍你以这样一种粗鲁的方式对待老人的。have sb doing sth用于否定句中，意为“容忍某人做某事”。故填treating。 9.He was caught __________ （damage） public facilities purposely and received severe warnings. damaging 解析 句意为：他被发现蓄意破坏公共设施，受到了严重的警告。catch sb doing sth表示“发现某人在做某事”，现在分词作宾补，此处为该短语的被动形式，宾补转换为主补，He与damage之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填damaging。 刷单元语法 15 10.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left ________ （want） more next time.［全国新课标Ⅰ2023］ 解析 句意为：然而，无论我在哪里买小笼包，一笼总是不够吃，而两笼又显得我太贪吃了，所以每次我总是想着下次要多吃点。分析句子成分可知，本分句已有谓语am left，故此空应用非谓语动词；“leave+宾语+宾补”结构表示“让……处于……（某种状态）”，此处为其被动形式，原本的宾补转换为主补，want与I之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填wanting。 wanting 刷单元语法 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever heard some 1._________ （inspire） stories of the disabled? Helen Keller is one 2._________ deserves to be mentioned. Helen, a well-recognised female author, had several strong 3.___________ （restrict） to her body. She could not speak, read or write 4.________ an early age, but later she mastered several languages. Anne Sullivan, a teacher at a school for the blind, played an irreplaceable role in Helen’s growth and achievements. Anne adopted simple approaches to teaching—5.__________ （repeated） spelling new words by writing on Helen’s hands, and asking her to imitate these spellings. In the beginning, Helen would not learn the words 6._______ they could be touched, such as “water” and “doll”.Gradually, with her interest 7.________ （grow）, she began to explore complicated and abstract words. In the process of learning the word “think”, she struggled a lot and made breakthroughs by accident when finishing a small task. As for the word “love”, she 8._______________ （discourage） by the failure to understand it for many times. Despite many failures, Anne kept on encouraging her inspiring who/that restrictions at/from repeatedly unless growing was discouraged 刷课文改编填空 17 9.______ （try）.Helen carried on thinking and suddenly realised it was as beautiful as the sun and clouds. It was Anne that 10.___________ （enlighten） Helen’s mind and brought a broad world to her. to try enlightened 刷课文改编填空 1._________ inspiring 解析 根据设空处后的名词可知，设空处需要用形容词作定语，修饰名词stories。故填inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”。 2._________ who/that 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为one，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语。当先行词为one/ones且指人时，关系代词可用who或that。 3.___________ restrictions 解析 设空处前有strong修饰，作had的宾语，应用名词，再根据several可知，此处应填名词的复数形式。 4.________ at/from 解析 at/from an early age为固定搭配，意为“年少时，自年少时起”。 5.__________ repeatedly 解析 设空处修饰动词spelling，应用副词，作状语。 刷课文改编填空 19 6._______ unless 解析 分析句子成分并结合语境可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，应填unless，意为“如果不……”。 7.________ growing 解析 分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，grow在此意为“增加”，为不及物动词，与interest之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作宾补。 8._______________ was discouraged 解析 设空处在句中作谓语，discourage为及物动词，表示“使灰心”；根据句意和空后的by可知，此处表示被动的含义，应用被动语态；结合语境可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；主语为she，助动词用was。故填was discouraged。 9.______ to try 解析 encourage sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填不定式to try。 10.___________ enlightened 解析 分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，强调句子的主语Anne；此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填enlightened。 刷课文改编填空 20 01 Topic Talk &Lesson 1 Enlightening a Mind Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 21 A ［江西南昌二中2025高二月考］The High School Creator Expo is a melting pot of hands-on activities, interactive demonstrations, and educational workshops that bring the wonders of science and technology to life. Its highlights are as follows: * Engage with cutting-edge technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and robotics. Explore how these technologies are shaping our world and inspiring new ways of learning, creation, and communication. * Participate in workshops led by industry experts and educators, where you’ll learn how to code, design apps, build circuits, and create your own tech projects. These sessions are designed to spark your creativity and foster a love for problem-solving. * Meet professionals from various fields of technology, including software development engineering, data science, and cybersecurity. They’ll share their experiences, offer advice on career paths, and answer your questions, helping you chart your tech-driven future. 刷阅读理解 22 * Showcase your skills in coding competitions, robotics challenges, and other tech-themed events. Compete against fellow students, win prizes, and gain valuable experience that can help you stand out in college applications and future job interviews. * Connect with like-minded students, educators, and industry professionals. Make new friends, build your network, and discover potential mentors who can guide you on your tech journey. The High School Creator Expo is not just about learning about technology, but about empowering you to become the innovators, creators, and problem-solvers of tomorrow. Mark your calendars and get ready to be inspired, educated, and entertained at the High School Creator Expo! 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“高中创作者博览会”的相关信息，列举了其亮点，如接触前沿技术、参加研讨会、与专业人士交流、参加技术竞赛以及建立人脉网络等。 刷阅读理解 1.Who is the expo intended for?( ) B A.University staff. B.Tech enthusiasts. C.Business owners. D.Technology tutors. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The High School Creator Expo is a melting pot of hands-on activities, interactive demonstrations, and educational workshops that bring the wonders of science and technology to life.”以及下文的Engage with cutting-edge technologies、“you’ll learn how to code, design apps, build circuits, and create your own tech projects”、Meet professionals from various fields of technology和“Showcase your skills in coding competitions, robotics challenges, and other tech-themed events.”等内容可知，该博览会是专门面向技术爱好者的。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 24 2.How can one benefit from the expo?( ) C A.By promoting the products. B.By having job interviews. C.By getting career insights. D.By shaping the world. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They’ll share their experiences, offer advice on career paths, and answer your questions, helping you chart your tech-driven future.”可知，该博览会的各领域专家会为参会的技术爱好者提供有关职业道路方面的建议，即参会者会通过得到有关职业发展方面的见解而获益。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 25 3.Where is the text probably taken from?( ) A A.A school newspaper. B.An academic article. C.A technology lecture. D.A project handbook. 解析 推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“高中创作者博览会”的亮点及益处，主要面向对科技感兴趣的高中生，参会者可以获得职业建议，建立社交网络，打造自己的技术项目，从而在以后的大学申请和求职面试中脱颖而出。由此可推知，本文可能选自校报，用于宣传该博览会并鼓励学生积极参与。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 26 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.spark vt.激发；引发 2.foster vt.促进；培养 3.field n.领域；田地 4.empower vt.增加（某人的）自主权；授权 熟词生义 chart 熟义：n.图表 生义：vt.制订计划；记录，跟踪 刷阅读理解 27 B ［河北邢台五校质检联盟2024高二期中］Kenny Lake School in Alaska, is small, with about 60 students from kindergarten to high school seniors. Jennifer Hodges, a teacher, said, “My students sit only at desks for 20 minutes a day. They do a lot of practical learning, such as raising salmon （鲑） from eggs to fry （鱼苗） and then releasing them into lakes.” It is through a programme called Salmon in the Classroom. Kate Morse, programme director of the Copper River Watershed Project, is in charge of implementing the programme. With this project, students have a completely different attitude because they know what it takes to actually go through the stages of a salmon. They think learning about habitat temperature and the effects of climate change is more crucial now than ever. In 2022, the Arctic had its sixth-warmest year on record. But this is unusual for raising salmon, which require cold water to survive.“We had a failure in our equipment and it brought the temperature up about five degrees,” said Hodges.“Just warming it that much just wiped out our eggs.” 刷阅读理解 28 They can also observe how deadly pollutants can be to salmon’s habitat. During the months when the salmon are in the classroom, students like to sit by the tank to observe.“For instance, putting hand sanitiser （消毒剂） on your hands and then putting your fingers in the tank, you’ve polluted the tank,” said Hodges. Each year in May, she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip, where they will name the fish and get to release the salmon they’ve raised in class. “The best part is getting to release them after watching them hatch from eggs and grow into fry and taking care of them,” said Fisher, a student.“You get to say goodbye.” “I went to release them last year and the lake was still covered with ice,” said Styrling, a student.“I fell in. It was cold, but it was still funny.” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是阿拉斯加州的一所学校通过“课堂上的鲑鱼”项目给孩子们提供实践学习的机会。 刷阅读理解 1.What do we know about the students in Kenny Lake School?( ) C A.They raise salmon for eggs. B.They always sit at desks all day. C.They can receive hands-on education. D.They can combine learning with hobbies. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，学生们很少在课桌前坐着上课，他们参与很多实践活动，所以这所学校的学生接受的是实践教育。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 30 2.Why is the programme mentioned in paragraph 2?( ) A A.To stress the role the programme has played. B.To introduce the founder of the programme. C.To explain ways that students raise salmon. D.To emphasise Kate Morse’s responsibility. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，学生们的实践课是通过该项目实现的。结合下文可知，学生们通过该项目可以了解到鲑鱼繁殖的每个阶段需要什么。因此，提到该项目是为了强调这个项目的重要作用。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 31 3.Which statement is supported by Hodges?( ) B A.Climate change has a minimal impact on salmon habitats. B.Salmon eggs are sensitive to the rise of water temperature. C.Their equipment failure caused a decrease in water temperature. D.Students observe the tank to learn about pollution caused by salmon. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段霍奇斯的话可知，温度提高5度，就可以摧毁全部鲑鱼卵，因此，鲑鱼卵对水温上升很敏感。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 32 4.What is the students’ attitude to raising salmon?( ) A A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Neutral. D.Indifferent. 解析 推理判断题。倒数第二段中，学生费希尔认为，看着鲑鱼从卵中孵化出来，长成鱼苗，并照顾它们，然后把它们放生，这个过程是最棒的。根据尾段斯蒂尔林的话可知，他在放生的时候掉进了水里，却觉得很有趣。故可推知，学生们对于养殖鲑鱼的态度是积极的。故选A项。neutral意为“中立的”；indifferent意为“漠不关心的”。 刷阅读理解 33 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.go through 经历某过程；经受（困境、痛苦等） 2.wipe out 彻底消灭；全部摧毁 刷阅读理解 34 ［河南创新发展联盟2025高二月考］It’s normal to face maths anxiety. Here are three ways to overcome it. Peer （同龄人） Support: A Powerful Tool Against Fear of Maths Working in groups, discussing maths problems, and teaching each other can be beneficial.1.___, they improve their understanding and build confidence in their abilities. Realising they are not alone in their struggles, students can find comfort in collective learning. Sharing coping techniques and study methods can create an environment helpful to overcome the fear of maths. Technology: An Easy Way to Overcome the Fear of Maths Some interactive platforms and apps meet the needs of maths learners, offering personalised experiences. These platforms sometimes gamify （游戏化） the learning process.2.___.They allow students to progress at their own pace, ensuring they grasp basic theories before moving on to difficult topics. B C 刷7选5 35 Teachers: The Helpers Against Maths Anxiety 3.___.A teacher who recognised the signs of maths anxiety can perform targeted strategies to help a student. Regular feedback, constructive criticism, and constant encouragement can work wonders.It’s necessary for teachers to create a classroom environment where mistakes are seen as learning opportunities rather than failure.4.___. Understanding maths anxiety and its far-reaching meaning is important in today’s education. Maths anxiety isn’t an indication of one’s wisdom or abilities.5.___.The strategies mentioned above, when used effectively, can help in reducing and overcoming the fear of maths. A.It’s a mental problem many face B.When students explain theories to their peers C.They make it more attractive and less frightening D.Because students feel extremely puzzled once in a while F G A 刷7选5 36 E.Maths anxiety has become more and more common at present F.The role of educators in coping with maths anxiety is important G.This positive experience can slowly but surely reduce the fear of maths 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了克服数学焦虑的三种方法。 刷7选5 1.___ B 解析 上文的“Working in groups, discussing maths problems, and teaching each other can be beneficial.”提到小组一起学习、讨论数学问题以及相互教导有益处，B项（当学生向同龄人解释理论时）承上启下，给出同龄人相互帮助的具体场景，同时引出下文介绍的好处，即提高理解能力并树立信心，空后的they指代该项中的students，符合语境。故选B项。 2.___ C 解析 根据本部分的小标题可知，本部分主要介绍利用科技手段来克服对数学的恐惧；结合上文内容可知，一些辅助学习的平台可以将学习过程游戏化，C项（它们使它更有吸引力，不那么可怕）具体介绍这样做产生的好处，其中的They指代上文中的These platforms，it指代上文中的the learning process，符合语境。故选C项。 刷7选5 38 3.___ F 解析 根据本部分小标题可知，本部分主要介绍教师对克服数学焦虑的作用。F项（教育工作者在应对数学焦虑方面的作用很重要）符合语境，引出下文对教师在帮助学生克服数学焦虑方面的重要性的介绍，其中的educators与标题中的Teachers相呼应。故选F项。 4.___ G 解析 根据上文“It’s necessary for teachers to create a classroom environment where mistakes are seen as learning opportunities rather than failure.”可知，把错误视为学习机会的课堂环境对克服数学焦虑是有帮助的。G项（这种积极的经历可以缓慢但稳步地减少对数学的恐惧）承接上文，其中的This positive experience指代上文把错误看作学习机会而不是失败的体验。故选G项。 刷7选5 39 5.___ A 解析 根据上文“Maths anxiety isn’t an indication of one’s wisdom or abilities.”可知，数学焦虑并不是一个人的智慧或能力的显示。A项（这是许多人面临的心理问题）承接上文，指出数学焦虑是一种心理问题，其中的It指代上文的Maths anxiety，故A项符合语境。 刷7选5 40 词汇加油站 核心词汇 indication n.显示；象征；标示；表明 进阶词汇 1.collective adj.集体的，共同的 2.work wonders 产生良好的效果 3.far-reaching adj.影响深远的；广泛的 刷7选5 41 02 Lesson 2 The Objectives of Education Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 42 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.We are asked to put great emphasis on the __________ （acquire） of practical skills. acquisition 解析 句意为：我们被要求高度重视实用技能的获得。根据设空处前的定冠词the和后面的介词of可知，此处应用acquire的名词形式，作介词on的宾语。故填acquisition，在此处表示“获得”，为不可数名词。 2.The designers focused on the design of these artificial things while reducing damage to the ___________ （surround） environment. surrounding 解析 句意为：设计师们在减少对周围环境破坏的同时也专注于这些人造物品的设计。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词environment，作定语，应用形容词，表示“周围的”，故填surrounding。 3.A graduate with sound __________ （judge） is more competitive in the job market. judgement 解析 句意为：一个判断力强的毕业生在就业市场中会更有竞争力。设空处作with的宾语，且被形容词sound修饰，应用名词judgement，在此处表示“判断力”，为不可数名词。 刷单句填空 43 4.Under no _____________ （circumstance） can the students’ all-round development be ignored in education. circumstances 解析 句意为：在教育中，无论如何都不能忽视学生的全面发展。under no circumstances为固定表达，意为“无论如何都不”，置于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。故填circumstances。 5.Regardless ___the weather, he sticks to exercising every day. of 解析 句意为：无论天气如何，他都坚持每天锻炼。regardless of为固定表达，意为“不管，不顾”。 6.They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people, who will contribute ___ the economic and social development. to 解析 句意为：他们有很好的设备和优秀的教授，帮助教育年轻人，这些年轻人将有助于经济和社会发展。contribute to… 为固定搭配，意为“有助于……”。故填to。 刷单句填空 44 7.Unexpectedly, his new artwork was assessed ___ two million dollars in the art exhibition. at 解析 句意为：出乎意料的是，他的新艺术作品在艺术展览会上被估价为200万美元。be assessed at… 为固定表达，表示“估值为……”，此处at表示“以……；在……（水平、价格等）”。故填at。 8.Teachers ________ （expose） to innovative teaching strategies can inspire creativity in their students. exposed 解析 句意为：接触过创新教学策略的教师可以激发学生的创造力。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语；expose sb to sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人接触某事物”，expose与Teachers之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故应使用过去分词形式。 刷单句填空 45 9.___ matters a lot to stimulate the learning interest of the students. It 解析 句意为：激发学生的学习兴趣，这一点尤为重要。设空处应用It作形式主语，后面的不定式结构为句子真正的主语。 10.Being a teacher is not only about passing down knowledge, ____ about providing more new possibilities for the students’ future. but 解析 句意为：做一名老师不仅要传授知识，而且要为学生的未来提供更多的新的可能性。分析句子结构可知，本句考查not only… but （also）… 结构,意为“不仅……而且……”。 刷单句填空 46 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Varatha Shanmuganathan is a 90-year-old woman. She has become the 1.______ （old） person to get a master’s degree at Canada’s York University. When she isn’t dancing or singing with her grandchildren, she’s busy 2._________ （realise） her many dreams. This is not Shanmuganathan’s first master’s degree. After earning her bachelor’s degree, she returned to Sri Lanka 3.________ （teach） Indian history and English. In 1990, she 4.________ （receive） her first master’s degree from the University of London. When she found out York University offered free tuition 5.___ senior citizens, Shanmuganathan said she 6.____________ （immediate） knew it was her chance to make her dream of studying political science come true. She began her studies in 2019. “She will act as a powerful role model for 7.________ （woman） of all ages,” York University President Rhonda Lenton said. Despite her achievements, Shanmuganathan said she is not quite finished yet in 8._________ （educate）.Her next plan is to write 9.___ book about oldest realising to teach received to immediately women education a 刷语法填空 47 post-war Sri Lanka.“Find out what you really want to achieve and pursue it until the end. Think of something 10._____ not only interests you, but is also beneficial to others. Go on after it, get it, do it and achieve it,” Shanmuganathan said. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了90岁的硕士研究生瓦拉塔·尚穆加纳坦在老年时期的学习经历，及其在激励人们学习方面的积极影响。 that 刷语法填空 1.______ oldest 解析 句意为：她已成为在加拿大约克大学获得硕士学位的最年长者。根据句意及空前的定冠词the可知，此处表示“最年长者”，故用形容词最高级作定语，修饰名词person，故填oldest。 2._________ realising 解析 句意为：当她不和孙子孙女一起跳舞或唱歌时，她便忙于实现她的许多梦想。此处考查短语be busy doing sth，表示“忙于做某事”，故设空处填realising。 3.________ to teach 解析 句意为：获得学士学位后，她回到斯里兰卡教授印度史和英语。根据语境可知，此处表示她回到斯里兰卡的目的是教授印度史和英语，应用不定式短语作目的状语，故填to teach。 4.________ received 解析 句意为：1990年，她于伦敦大学获得了自己的第一个硕士学位。根据时间状语In 1990可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填received。 刷语法填空 49 5.___ to 解析 句意为：尚穆加纳坦说，当她发现约克大学为老年人免学费时，她马上就意识到这是她实现学习政治学的梦想的机会。此处考查短语offer sth to sb，表示“为某人提供某物”，故填to。 6.____________ immediately 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰动词knew，应填副词immediately。 7.________ women 解析 句意为：约克大学校长朗达·伦顿说：“她将成为各个年龄段女性的强大榜样。”根据句意及of all ages可知，此处表示“各个年龄段的女性”，设空处应用可数名词复数，故填women。 8._________ education 解析 句意为：尽管她取得了成就，但尚穆加纳坦说她的求学之旅还没有完全结束。设空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词，表示“教育”，故填education。 刷语法填空 50 9.___ a 解析 句意为：她的下一步计划是写一本关于战后斯里兰卡的书。此处泛指“一本书”，故用不定冠词修饰。故填a。 10._____ that 解析 句意为：想想那些不仅让你感兴趣，而且对他人有益的事情。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that。 刷语法填空 51 知识拓展当定语从句的先行词为指物的something、anything、nothing、everything、any、much、all等不定代词时，关系词只能用that。 刷语法填空 52 02 Lesson 2 The Objectives of Education Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 53 A ［江苏盐城2025期中］When I was eleven, my mum and dad died. I was left caring for my younger brother and felt at a loss. We moved to live with my grandparents, who insisted that education didn’t matter to girls. I’d wake up in the mornings, sweep the house, wash the dishes, cook breakfast, and run to school. Despite all this, I was admitted to one of Kenya’s top high schools. However, poverty did not allow me to stay in school. I was constantly sent home for school fees. That was when I met Akili Dada, a nonprofit supporting girls’ education. They offered me a scholarship, which changed my life and gave me a new focus in life. They focused on not only educating me, but also building me as a person. For the first time I felt empowered to focus on my schooling and appreciate the person I was. I went from the bottom of the class to being a top student and finished high school with an A average. 刷阅读理解 54 In 2015, I received a Mastercard Foundation scholarship to study Management Information Systems at Ashesi University in Ghana. This course, which combines business and computer science, is a step towards my dream of earning a PhD and working for the United Nations （UN）. The village where I grew up had no lawyers or doctors before. To fill the gap, I created a programme called Life Lifters, which aims to empower the youth to be innovative, create change, and see the value of education. I am the first person in my village to study abroad and I hope to inspire the youth in my area to focus on education and create wealth for themselves. I firmly believe in the power of education for girls. If girls understand their rights and work for them, then we can see a society where the same value is placed on both males and females. It shouldn’t matter whether you’re a boy or a girl—you are a human being, which is what Akili Dada taught me. In the end I wish to be a resource to women, and the world in general. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者个人的成长经历，包括父母去世后的生活变化、接受教育方面的挑战与机遇以及通过自己的努力和对教育的坚持所取得的成就和未来的打算。 刷阅读理解 1.Why did the author feel at a loss at eleven?( ) A A.The loss of parents led to an uncertain future. B.She and her brother were sent away from home. C.Her grandparents could hardly support her life. D.She had to move to another village for schooling. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When I was eleven, my mum and dad died.I was left caring for my younger brother and felt at a loss.”可知，作者十一岁时父母去世，留下她照顾弟弟，而作者当时也才十一岁，失去父母让她不知道该何去何从，对未来感到迷茫。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 57 2.What made the author close to quitting high school?( ) C A.Her poor academic performance. B.The prejudice against girls on campus. C.Lack of continuous financial support. D.The distance from school to her home. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, poverty did not allow me to stay in school.I was constantly sent home for school fees.”可知，作者经常因为学费问题被学校赶回家，这让作者差点退学。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 58 3.How did Akili Dada benefit the author?( ) A A.By restoring her dignity. B.By introducing her to the UN. C.By training her for a job. D.By teaching her computer skills. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They offered me a scholarship, which changed my life and gave me a new focus in life.They focused on not only educating me, but also building me as a person. For the first time I felt empowered to focus on my schooling and appreciate the person I was.”可知，Akili Dada为作者提供了奖学金，改变了她的生活，并赋予了她新的生活目标；该非营利组织不仅关注作者的教育，还致力于培养作者的人格，这使得作者第一次发现自己能够专注于学业并且开始欣赏自己。故可推知，Akili Dada通过提供奖学金和其他支持，帮助恢复作者的自尊心，使她能够完成学业，完善自我并欣赏自我。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 59 4.What is the purpose of Life Lifters?( ) C A.To select potential young talents for the UN. B.To provide scholarships for poor girls in villages. C.To inspire awareness of education in local youth. D.To make new technology available in rural areas. 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者长大的村庄没有律师和医生，为了弥补这一空缺，作者创立了Life Lifters这一项目，旨在使年轻人变得具有创造力，作出改变，并看到教育的重要价值。由此可知，Life Lifters的目的是激励作者所在地区的年轻人认识到教育的重要性并接受教育。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 60 B ［河南郑州2024高二联考］When my students ask me how to improve themselves, I always recommend personality imitation （模仿）.I believe imitation is one of the fastest forms of learning. For example, before writing my first scientific paper, I made a small pile of published articles that were especially attractive and understandable.Then I reread them. And I made notes on the side: a quote at the beginning, a short sentence at the end of a paragraph, a big idea up front. And then, without delay, I sat down to imitate what I’d observed. It may seem that copying what other people do is cheating. Many of my students assume that they had better figure everything out on their own. But it turns out that a great deal of human learning is imitation. We are all born to copy-paste （复制粘贴）. A few years ago, I had a conversation with Toby Cosgrove, the former chief executive of Cleveland Clinic. I asked him how someone who at the beginning of his career was told he 刷阅读理解 61 lacked talent later became the most famous cardiothoracic surgeon in the world. This was his response: “I worked and worked and worked at first. And then I changed the way I did things over time. I went and watched other people do things. In fact, I used to call this process my ‘innovation trip’.I would go all over the world, and take my notebook and watch other surgeons and various techniques, and I would pick up things from them and put them into my practice. It was a constant quest and I was always looking for ways to do something better.” These stories are supported by science. Some experiments confirm that copy-pasting the successful strategies of others can help you reach your own goals. Therefore, don’t think that copy-pasting what you admire is by definition cheating. Without question, it’s wrong to take someone else’s work and pass it off as your own. But it’s right to find inspiration in the way other people live their lives. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者主要论证了模仿是最快的学习方式之一。 刷阅读理解 1.How does the author support his opinion in the first two paragraphs?( ) C A.By making comparisons. B.By analysing cause and effect. C.By sharing his own experience. D.By listing helpful ways. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的For example及其后的内容可知，作者讲述了自己的经历，以此作为例子，来例证第一段提出的观点“模仿是最快的学习方式之一”。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 63 2.What do many students think is the best way of learning?( ) D A.Turning to teachers for help. B.Copying what other people do. C.Conducting experiments with others. D.Working out problems by themselves. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many of my students assume that they had better figure everything out on their own.”可知，许多学生都认为学习的最好方法是靠自己解决问题。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 64 3.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “quest” in paragraph 5?( ) A A.Exploration. B.Competition. C.Attention. D.Entertainment. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容可知，托比·科斯格罗夫讲述了自己的学习方法，即不停地观察其他人的工作方式，不断地从中学习，将观察到的东西记在自己的笔记本上，再应用到实践当中。结合画线词后的I was always looking for ways to do something better可知，这是托比·科斯格罗夫不断探索的过程。结合排除法可判断，quest与exploration意思相近。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 65 4.What does the author mainly stress in the text?( ) B A.Imitation equals cheating. B.Imitation provides inspiration. C.Imitation is a natural ability. D.Imitation is a personal choice. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But it’s right to find inspiration in the way other people live their lives.”可知，作者想要表达不要对模仿带有偏见，模仿也不是直接照搬他人的成果，而是要从别人的行事方式中寻找自己的灵感，故作者想要强调的是人们可以通过模仿寻找灵感。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 66 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.understandable adj.易懂的；易于理解的；可以理解的 2.without delay 赶快；马上 3.strategy n.策略；行动计划 进阶词汇 pass… off as… 把……冒充为……；假称……是…… 刷阅读理解 67 ［四川成都外国语学校2024高二期中］Our 13-year-old son won a local “Hoop Shooting” competition and entered the regional competition. So on Saturday morning we headed down to Green Bay, Wisconsin for an . .1. . to move forward to the state championships. In the competition, my son . .2. . waited his turn. Nearly an hour later, he went to the hoops. His first basket was a . .3. ..We could see the disappointment in his eyes. He tried to shoot another hoop . .4. ..Another failure. But he continued. Finally, he . .5. . to shoot a few balls and scored 20 points. My son withdrew from his . .6. ., frustrated and disappointed, being . .7. . that he didn’t make it because there were several guys getting 40 points, already . .8. . his. If it had been up to our son to decide, he would have left before the game ended and . .9. . himself in our hotel. Instead, we took this chance to help him . .10. . this life disappointment: giving him time for frustration and then sharing our opinion on this . .11. ..We told him: It was because of his earlier . .12. . that we were able to watch this game; it was . .13. . to fail. We all failed at some point in our lives. We were proud of him though he didn’t receive the prize. 刷完形填空 68 In the end, we . .14. ., watched the game, and had a great time! When you are . .15. . by life, don’t let it keep you down. As the old saying goes, “When life hands you lemons, make lemonade!” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子在比赛中失败了，他很沮丧，但是作者利用这次机会帮助他走出失望情绪，让他可以接受失败并积极地面对生活。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.invention B.order C.announcement D.opportunity D 解析 根据上文可知，作者的儿子赢得了地方性的投篮比赛，并进入了地区赛；根据下文的to move forward to the state championships可知，此处指争取参加州锦标赛的机会。invention意为“发明”；order意为“指示；命令”；announcement意为“公告；通告”；opportunity意为“机会”。故选D项。 2.( ) A.nervously B.desperately C.casually D.politely A 解析 根据下文的waited his turn并结合常识可知，此处指作者的儿子紧张地等待着轮到他。nervously意为“神经紧张地；焦虑地”；desperately意为“绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地”；casually意为“不经意地；偶然地”；politely意为“礼貌地”。故选A项。 3.( ) A.surprise B.burden C.shame D.miss D 解析 根据下文的“We could see the disappointment in his eyes.”可知，此处指他的第一个投篮没进。surprise意为“意想不到的事”；burden意为“重担”；shame意为“令人惋惜的事”；miss意为“未击中”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 70 知识拓展miss一词多义 （1）vt.& vi.未击中；未得到；未达到。如：miss a promotion未获得提升。（2）vt.怀念；未听到；未觉察；不理解；错过；赶不上。如：If I don’t leave now I’ll miss my plane.现在不走我就赶不上飞机了。（3）n.未击中；未得到。 刷完形填空 71 4.( ) A.without success B.on purpose C.by accident D.in public A 解析 根据下文的“Another failure.”可知，此处指他又试图投篮，但没有成功。without success意为“未能成功地”；on purpose意为“故意地”；by accident意为“意外地”；in public意为“公开地”。故选A项。 5.( ) A.expected B.tried C.managed D.offered C 解析 根据下文的scored 20 points可知，此处指他最后成功投进了几个球。expect意为“预期；期待”；try意为“试图；设法”；manage意为“完成（困难的事）”；offer意为“主动提出；提供”。故选C项。 6.( ) A.home B.hoop C.class D.school B 解析 根据上文的He tried to shoot another hoop和下文的frustrated and disappointed可知，此处指他退出比赛。hoop意为“篮圈”，符合语境。故选B项。 刷完形填空 72 7.( ) A.relieved B.astonished C.aware D.doubtful C 解析 根据下文的that he didn’t make it可知，此处指作者的儿子意识到自己不能成功赢得比赛。relieved意为“放心的；感到宽慰的”；astonished意为“感到十分惊讶的”；aware意为“意识到的”；doubtful意为“怀疑的；不确定的”。故选C项。 8.( ) A.improving B.doubling C.guessing D.ignoring B 解析 根据上文的scored 20 points和there were several guys getting 40 points可知，作者的儿子得了20分，有几个人的分数是40分，因此是他的分数的两倍。improve意为“改进；改善”；double意为“是……的两倍”；guess意为“猜测”；ignore意为“忽视”。故选B项。 9.( ) A.cheered B.encouraged C.blamed D.trained C 解析 根据上文可知，作者的儿子只得了20分，他感到很失望；再根据下文的Instead和giving him time for frustration可知，因为输了比赛，所以作者的儿子会自责。cheer意为“欢呼”；encourage意为“鼓励”；blame意为“责怪；指责”；train意为“训练；培训”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 73 10.( ) A.work through B.carry out C.go after D.pass down A 解析 根据下文的giving him time for frustration and then sharing our opinion on this ____可知，此处指作者借此机会帮助儿子走出失望情绪。work through意为“解决（问题）；调整（情绪）”；carry out意为“实施；执行”；go after意为“谋求”；pass down意为“使世代相传；流传”。故选A项。 11.( ) A.scenery B.practice C.topic D.situation D 解析 根据上文的this life disappointment可知，此处指作者的儿子失败这种情况。scenery意为“景色；风景”；practice意为“实践”；topic意为“话题”；situation意为“情况”。故选D项。 12.( ) A.arrangement B.achievement C.failure D.persuasion B 解析 根据下文的that we were able to watch this game可知，此处指正是因为儿子早期的成就作者他们才能观看这场比赛。arrangement意为“安排”；achievement意为“成就”；failure意为“失败”；persuasion意为“说服；劝说”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 74 13.( ) A.acceptable B.nice C.awkward D.annoying A 解析 根据下文的“We all failed at some point in our lives.We were proud of him though he didn’t receive the prize.”可知，我们所有人都有失败的时候，尽管作者的儿子没有得奖，但作者他们仍然以他为骄傲，说明失败是可以接受的。acceptable意为“可接受的”；nice意为“令人愉快的”；awkward意为“令人尴尬的；使人难堪的”；annoying意为“使恼怒的”。故选A项。 14.( ) A.remained B.left C.agreed D.arrived A 解析 根据下文的“watched the game, and had a great time”可知，此处指作者他们留了下来，观看比赛。remain在此意为“留下；停留”，符合语境。故选A项。 刷完形填空 75 知识拓展 remain熟词生义 熟义：linking v.仍然是；保持不变 vi.剩余；继续存在 生义：vi.留下；逗留 刷完形填空 76 15.( ) A.acknowledged B.welcomed C.teased D.beaten D 解析 根据上文的“We all failed at some point in our lives.”和下文的don’t let it keep you down可知，此处指当你被生活打败时，不要让它打倒你。acknowledge意为“承认”；welcome意为“欢迎”；tease意为“取笑；戏弄”；beat意为“打败”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 77 03 Lesson 3 Understanding Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 78 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.She looked at her parents, seeking their _________ （approve） with a hopeful expression. approval 解析 句意为：她看着她的父母，带着充满希望的表情寻求他们的同意。设空处作动词seeking的宾语，且被形容词性物主代词their修饰，应用名词。approve的名词形式为approval，在此意为“同意，赞成”，为不可数名词。 2.It is believed that folk idioms tend to bear much ________ （wise）. wisdom 解析 句意为：人们认为民间惯用语通常富含智慧。根据空前的bear可知，设空处应用名词，作bear的宾语。 3.It is of great urgency to give up on that __________ （efficient） evaluation system. inefficient 解析 句意为：放弃那个无效的评价体系是非常紧迫的。设空处作定语，修饰名词短语evaluation system，根据句意可知，此处表示“无效的”。故填inefficient。 刷单句填空 79 4.We have found the solid theory________ which our new plan is based. on/upon 解析 句意为：我们已经找到了支持我们新计划的可靠理论。根据句子成分划分可知，设空处和which共同引导定语从句，be based on/upon为固定搭配，故设空处应用介词on/upon。 5.The new proposal is worthy ___________ （take） into serious consideration. to be taken 解析 句意为：这项新的提议值得认真考虑。be worthy to be done为固定搭配，意为“值得被……”。 6.The village, __________ （abandon） for a long time, used to be a busy place. abandoned 解析 句意为：这个村庄废弃了很长一段时间，它在过去是个热闹的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语形式，作定语，abandon与其所修饰的内容The village之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空处应用过去分词。故填abandoned。 7.The engine won’t start. Something seems _____________ （go） wrong with it. to have gone 解析 句意为：发动机发动不起来，似乎是出了什么毛病。连系动词seem后接to have done，表示“似乎已经做/发生了……”，符合句意，故填to have gone。 刷单句填空 80 8.Experts urged that immediate action ___________________ （take） to protect the sea from being polluted. （should） be taken 解析 句意为：专家强烈要求立即采取行动来保护海洋不受污染。urge意为“敦促；强烈要求”，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should+）动词原形”；action与take之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填（should） be taken。 9.This study observed the performance levels of children when they were cycling, and compared the fitness of them to _____ of athletes. that 解析 句意为：这项研究观察了儿童在骑自行车时的表现水平，并将他们的健康状况与运动员的健康状况进行了比较。此处考查指示代词that的指代用法，用来指代上文中已经提到的信息，以避免重复，设空处指代空前的fitness。故填that。 10.Young _________ the boy is, he has a sound knowledge of survival skills in the wilderness. as/though 解析 句意为：尽管这个男孩年龄小，但他有着扎实的荒野生存技能知识。as/though引导让步状语从句时，从句用部分倒装结构，需要将从句中的表语或状语提前至句首。 刷单句填空 81 根据提示补全句子。 1.显然，卡车司机应该负这场车祸的全部责任。（obvious） ___ ___ ________ _____ the truck driver is to blame for the car accident completely. 2.这个年轻人提出了相反的观点，但是没有人为他（的观点）辩护。（defence） The young man put up the opposite argument with no one ______________ ___ ____ ________. 3.现代科学的发展归功于历代科学家付出的努力。（owe） Modern scientific advances ____ ______ ___ the efforts from the scientists of all generations. 4.假如是你负责这项工作，你会怎么处理这场纷争？（assumption） ____ ____ ___________ _____ you are in charge of the task, how will you settle the dispute? 5.我父母常向我强调正直和诚实的重要性。（动词urge） My parents often _____ ________ ____ the importance of integrity and honesty. 6.是你的努力而不是你的运气使你被名校录取。（强调句） ___ ___ ____ your luck but your efforts _____ bring you the admission to a top university. It is obvious that coming/leaping to his defence are owed to On the assumption that urge on/upon me It is not that 刷单句表达 82 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As Bacon said, who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much. In history, there are endless questions that promote human civilisation to a higher degree. In the 17th century 1.______ people tended to believe more in religions than facts, great scientists like Bacon and Galilei went against the mainstream view of that period. They searched 2.____ the truth of science on the basis of 3._______________ （analyse）.At that time, the earth 4._____________ （believe） to stand still, but Galilei disagreed and was urged to continue his further exploration. Ironically, people grew angry and put him in prison when Galilei proved Aristotle wrong, who was a highly 5._________ （respect） scientist. However, anyone is likely 6._________ （make） mistakes, Aristotle and Galilei included. With countless questions raised and solved, our knowledge of the world is 7.___________ （increasing） expanded. We appreciate the past great men for their wisdom, for they are brave enough to challenge 8.___________ （they） as well as inspiring the future generations to explore more unknown and brand-new areas. That’s, owing 9.___ them, we constantly deepen our understanding of the world. On 10.____ whole, a world full of questions is exactly the one that we are fighting for. when for analysis/analyses was believed respected to make increasingly themselves to the 刷课文改编填空 83 1.______ when 解析 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。 2.____ for 解析 search for sth为固定表达，意为“探索某物”。 3._______________ analysis/analyses 解析 根据介词of可知，设空处应用名词作宾语，analysis意为“（对事物的）分析”时，既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，故填analysis/analyses。 4._____________ was believed 解析 设空处为前一个并列分句的谓语，the earth与believe之间为被动关系，应用被动语态;由时间状语At that time可知应用一般过去时；分句的主语the earth为单数概念，谓语应用单数形式。 5._________ respected 解析 根据语境可知，设空处应用形容词作定语，意为“受尊敬的”。 刷课文改编填空 84 6._________ to make 解析 be likely to do sth为固定表达，意为“可能做某事”。 7.___________ increasingly 解析 设空处应用副词作状语，修饰is expanded。 8.___________ themselves 解析 分析句子成分可知，设空处作动词challenge的宾语，又因该动作的承受者和发出者一致，故使用反身代词。 9.___ to 解析 owing to为固定搭配，意为“由于；因为”。故填介词to。 10.____ the 解析 on the whole 为固定搭配，意为“总体而言”。故填the。 刷课文改编填空 85 ［浙江温州新力量联盟2024高二期中联考］阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Museums inspire dreams to become an astronaut, an astronomer or an aerospace engineer. But can they also help provide a pathway to those goals? For students seeing everything 1.______ dinosaurs to distant galaxies （星系） on a museum visit, the real-life applications of science, technology, engineering and mathematics （STEM） are clear. The American Museum of Natural History （AMNH） doesn’t want to just impress students. It aims to make those “wow” moments the first step towards 2.___________ （develop） the future STEM leaders. 3.________ （start） building a career in STEM, students need hands-on experience and a support network. They need a place 4._______ they feel comfortable while learning. AMNH uses its position as 5.____ out-of-school environment with collections, research tools, informal educators, and scientific staff to provide necessary experiences for students. from developing To start where an 刷语法填空 86 The museum trains its scientists to work with students 6._____ offers them year-long, scientist-mentored research opportunities. Students 7.____________ （provide） with opportunities to present 8._____ （they） work to the public. Students thrive in the program. Up to now, over 1,000 students 9.________________ （participate） in NASA-themed Science Research Mentoring Program courses, and they have published their work in journals and at conferences. They have gone on to college at a rate of almost 100 percent, with many 10.________ （active） involved in research at their schools. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过开展活动，美国自然历史博物馆给学生提供实现成为宇航员、天文学家或航天工程师的梦想的途径。 and are provided their have participated actively 刷语法填空 1.______ from 解析 句意为：对于在参观博物馆时看到从恐龙到遥远星系等一切展品的学生来说，科学、技术、工程和数学在现实生活中的应用是显而易见的。分析句子结构以及句意可知，此处为from… to… 固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填from。 2.___________ developing 解析 句意为：它力求让这些令人感到震撼的瞬间成为培养未来科学、技术、工程和数学领域领导者的第一步。分析句子可知，____ the future STEM leaders作介词towards的宾语，设空处应填动名词形式。故填developing。 3.________ To start 解析 句意为：要开始在科学、技术、工程和数学领域建立职业生涯，学生需要实践经验和支持网络。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语need，设空处与谓语之间无连词连接，应用非谓语形式，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填To start。 刷语法填空 88 4._______ where 解析 句意为：他们需要一个让他们在学习时感到舒适的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为place，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 5.____ an 解析 句意为：美国自然历史博物馆拥有收藏品、研究工具、非正式教育工作者和科研人员，利用其作为校外环境的身份，为学生提供必要的体验。此句中“as ____ out-of-school environment with…”指“作为一个拥有……的校外环境”，此处表泛指，设空处应用不定冠词，out-of-school的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 刷语法填空 89 6._____ and 解析 句意为：博物馆培训这里的科学家与学生合作，并为他们提供持续一年的、由科学家指导的研究机会。分析句子可知，trains its scientists to work with students和offers them year-long, scientist-mentored research opportunities之间是并列关系，trains与offers在句中作并列谓语，表示“和，并”，设空处应填并列连词and。 7.____________ are provided 解析 句意为：学生们有机会向公众展示他们的研究成果。设空处在句中作谓语，根据语境可知，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Students与动词provide之间为被动关系，表示“被给予机会”，故用被动语态。主语Students为名词复数，助动词应用are，故填are provided。 8._____ their 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作定语，修饰名词work，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 刷语法填空 90 9.________________ have participated 解析 句意为：迄今为止，已有1,000多名学生参加了以美国国家航空航天局为主题的科学研究指导计划课程，并在期刊和会议上发表了他们的研究成果。设空处在and前的并列分句中作谓语，由时间状语Up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时；over 1,000 students作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have participated。 10.________ actively 解析 句意为：他们的大学升学率几乎是100%，其中许多人还积极参与学校的研究。设空处修饰动词短语involved in，作状语，应用副词。故填actively。 刷语法填空 91 03 Lesson 3 Understanding Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 92 A ［福建厦门一中2025月考］It was written in some sense that National Geographic Explorer Cynthia Chiang would end up in observational cosmology （观测宇宙学）—the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialised detectors and telescopes.“I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously. Chiang always enjoyed building things like a child engineer. It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment. She owed, in part, her short attention period to her inquisitiveness, “I am always looking for something.” For the last few years, Chiang has been searching for signs of the universe’s early existence—from the birth of the first stars to the “cosmic （宇宙的） dark ages”—and she’s building her own equipment to do it. As an associate professor in physics at McGill University, she focuses on peering beyond the universe as it is known today, into its distant past with novel 刷阅读理解 93 radio technology. Since 2017, Chiang and her team have been engineering and planting radio telescopes in two of the Earth’s remotest and quietest locations for the best shot at hearing the earliest voice of the universe. Initially, Chiang planned a PhD in particle physics （粒子物理学） but switched direction after a visit to a lab with messy equipment and tools everywhere at the California Institute of Technology.“I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’” She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting a few experiments including a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo.“That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said. Eventually, she wanted to engineer her own instruments. After her year at the South Pole, she joined the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. At that time, the site decision was made for the largest radio telescope group on Earth. 刷阅读理解 “This was also a leap of faith because I really couldn’t continue the work I was doing before,” Chiang recalls.“I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了辛西娅·蒋改变研究方向，从粒子物理学转向观测宇宙学的科研经历和之后在该领域所做的相关研究工作。 刷阅读理解 1.What can we infer from Chiang’s joke in paragraph 1?( ) A A.She follows in her parents’ footsteps. B.She develops an interest in telescopes. C.She lies about her parents’ professions. D.She lives up to her parents’ expectations. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的It was written in some sense that National Geographic Explorer Cynthia Chiang would end up in observational cosmology和“My father was a physicist.My mother’s an astronomer.”可知，从某种意义上说，辛西娅·蒋最终将从事观测宇宙学，成为像她父母一样的科学家，继承父母的事业。因此可推断，蒋的玩笑话表明她追随了父母的脚步。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 96 2.What does the underlined word “inquisitiveness” in paragraph 2 mean?( ) C A.Talent. B.Courage. C.Curiosity. D.Intelligence. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Chiang always enjoyed building things like a child engineer.It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment.”可知，蒋喜欢动手制作东西，也喜欢用父亲的科研设备进行实验；结合画线词后的“I am always looking for something.”可知，她总是在寻找一些东西，由此说明她是一个富有好奇心的人。故可推断出画线词所在句表示她将短暂的注意力持续时间部分归功于她的好奇心。故画线词意为“好奇心”，与curiosity意思相近。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 97 3.What stimulated Chiang’s passion for distant places?( ) D A.Her visit to a lab in a university. B.Her wish to build her own equipment. C.Her faith in hearing the cosmic sound. D.Her experience at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段内容“She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station… ‘That really inspired my love for remote places,’ she said.”可知，在阿蒙森-斯科特站的经历激发了蒋对遥远地方的热情。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 98 4.Which of the following best describes Chiang?( ) D A.Confident and caring. B.Generous and optimistic. C.Modest and open-minded. D.Adventurous and determined. 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’”可知，蒋是一个坚决果断的人；根据最后一段中的“I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’”可知，对于从未接触过的领域，蒋勇于尝试新鲜事物，说明她还是一个有冒险精神的人。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 99 写作语料库 双重否定表示肯定含义 It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment.对她来说，用她父亲的研究设备进行实验并不罕见。 这种通过双重否定表达肯定语气的句子通常用来表示强调，使语义更为强烈，表达更加丰富生动。常见的双重否定结构有： （1）it is not+表示否定含义的形容词+to do sth/that…，如：It is not unusual/uncommon to do sth/that… It is not unusual for this to happen.发生这种情况并不罕见。 （2）never fail to do sth I have never failed to read the literary supplement of The Times.《泰晤士报》的文学增刊我一期也没有漏掉。 刷阅读理解 100 词汇加油站 核心词汇 1.end up 最终成为；最后处于 2.leap n.激增；巨变；飞跃 vi.& vt.跳跃 构词法 semi- prefix （一）半；部分（地） semi-seriously adv.半严肃地 刷阅读理解 101 B ［广东华南师大附中2025高二期中］Can you think of someone who is an excellent communicator? He must have good skills of speaking confidently in various situations, including presentations, group discussions and activities. He should be good at listening to others, understanding group dynamics and promoting shared decision-making. Research on classroom-based group work reveals a paradox （悖论）: While cooperative learning can be highly effective, merely placing children in groups often proves unproductive. The solution lies in teaching children how to cooperate effectively. Teachers play a crucial role in this process through their interaction with students. To ensure effective group work, teachers must first raise students’ awareness of the purpose and value of group activities. More importantly, they need to teach students how to engage in the kind of reasoned discussions, which is known as Exploratory Talk. This involves considering everyone’s viewpoints, justifying arguments with reasons, and seeking evidence to support 刷阅读理解 102 arguments. It also involves expressing opinions on other’s ideas critically but constructively, and seeking further explanation. Successful cooperation requires a reasoned discussion, which can be facilitated by establishing a set of “Ground Rules for Exploratory Talk”.These rules guide behaviour such as asking for information, seeking and providing reasons, and evaluating proposals. Ground Rules help children ask questions, give opinions and develop ideas. For instance, children learn to ask “What do you think? Why?” and listen attentively to each other’s responses, reaching reasoned conclusions. Exploratory Talk enhances group activities as a powerful learning tool. Certain activities, like Talking Points, are particularly effective in stimulating such discussions. Talking Points will inspire statements and is designed to encourage children to share knowledge and ideas on a specific topic. Research indicates that Talking Points will bring about more imaginative and extensive responses to traditional questions. It helps children focus on the topic and compare 刷阅读理解 their viewpoints with others. Children realise that their ideas can develop with new evidence and that alternative or valuable sources are new thinking. With proper guidance, the students will soon begin to see their ideas flowing. And gradually they will learn to participate fully not only in discussions but also in life as well. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是基于课堂的小组合作悖论，以及教师如何来解决这一悖论，让小组合作变得有效。 刷阅读理解 1.What may help solve the group work paradox?( ) C A.Active interaction among teachers. B.Group learning among students. C.Teachers’ effective guidance. D.Students’ deep engagement. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The solution lies in teaching children how to cooperate effectively.Teachers play a crucial role in this process through their interaction with students.”可知，解决方案在于老师在与学生互动时教会孩子如何有效地合作，因此教师的有效指导可以帮助解决小组合作悖论。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 105 2.Why should Ground Rules be set for the students?( ) D A.To popularise group activities. B.To build up their individualities. C.To stimulate more proposals. D.To encourage reasoning in talks. 解析 细节理解题。根据题干关键词Ground Rules可以将答案定位在第四段。根据第四段中的“Successful cooperation requires a reasoned discussion, which can be facilitated by establishing a set of ‘Ground Rules for Exploratory Talk’.”可知，可以通过建立一套“探索性谈话的基本规则”来促进理性的讨论，因此为学生制定基本规则是为了在谈话中鼓励理性的观点。 刷阅读理解 106 3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?( ) C A.Students should be challenged to uncertainties. B.Traditional questions should be avoided in class. C.Well-designed brainstorming matters in group activities. D.Idea exchanges among the students are a top priority. 刷阅读理解 107 解析 推理判断题。本段讨论的Talking Points属于C项中的Well-designed brainstorming（精心设计的头脑风暴活动）。整个段落都在阐述该活动的益处，所以可以推断出其在小组活动中是十分重要的，故C项正确。而根据本段中的“Research indicates that Talking Points will bring about more imaginative and extensive responses to traditional questions.”可知，Talking Points能够引发学生对传统问题作出更具想象力的回答，而不是避免在课堂上出现传统问题，因此排除B项；该段提到了学生之间想法的交流，但是主要介绍的是类似Talking Points这样的课堂活动的重要性，因此排除D项；而A项在文中未提及。 刷阅读理解 108 关键点拨 根据段落结构分析段落大意 最后一段为“总—分”结构，段落的主题句为第一、二句“Exploratory Talk enhances group activities as a… particularly effective in stimulating such discussions.”，由此可知，本段主要围绕类似Talking Points的活动如何促进小组活动展开。下文通过具体的阐述和研究发现来说明Talking Points是如何促进学生思维能力的发展并实现小组高效合作的，因此本段主要说明了类似Talking Points的活动的好处。 刷阅读理解 109 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?( ) A A.Why Putting Children in Groups Doesn’t Always Work B.What Effects a Good Communicator Has on Discussion C.Whether Teachers Should Use Exploratory Talk or Not D.Where Students’ Participation in Activities Should Go 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段内容可知，文章提出了基于课堂的小组合作悖论，即虽然合作学习可以非常有效，但仅仅把孩子放在小组里往往效果不佳，第三、四、五段提出了解决措施，指出教师需要教会学生如何有效合作，通过组织探索性谈话和类似Talking Points的活动来提高小组合作效率和激发学生思考。由此可知，A项（为什么把孩子放在小组里并不总是有效）最适合作为本文的标题。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 110 ［全国新课标Ⅰ2024年1月·浙江］In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.1.___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? 2.___ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.3.___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses.4.___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. G F A D 刷7选5 111 5.___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A.But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. B.Your motivation should be your main concern. C.Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D.Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F.If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G.A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 【语篇导读】本文探讨了在线学习在高等教育中的重要性，分析了其优势和面临的挑战，并提出了有效进行在线学习的建议。 E 刷7选5 1.___ G 解析 根据上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.”可知，在过去的几年里，在线学习已成为大学生活的重要组成部分，设空处应与在线课程的重要性相关。G 项（一项调查发现，有29%的大学生注册了在线课程）是对空前观点的数据支撑，体现了在线课程在大学教育中的普及度。同时G项中的online courses与下一句中的all online courses形成了有效衔接。故选G项。 2.___ F 解析 根据上文两个关于在线学习的问题及下文中的“We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.”可知，设空处应为与上文并列的疑问句，F项（如果你参加在线课程，你可以做什么来确保获得最好的成绩？）符合语境。故选F项。 刷7选5 113 3.___ A 解析 根据上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.”和下文“‘I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,’ says graduate student Amanda Bindman.”可知，尽管在线学习的明显优势是可以随时随地学习，但仍然需要注意截止日期，以免落后于进度。A项（但那并不意味着没有截止日期）与上文形成转折关系，并且呼应下文的学习进度滞后的问题，符合语境。故选A项。 4.___ D 解析 根据下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.”可知，设空处应提及有关He的内容，并提供能与online students形成对比的信息，D项（亚历克斯·戴维森教授在线下和线上教授相同的课程）中的Professor Alex Davidson是下文He所指代的内容。由空后内容可知，上在线课程的学生的成绩较低，D项中的in person与online students形成对比，同时与下一句中的lower形成了有效衔接，符合语境。故选D项。 刷7选5 114 5.___ E 解析 设空处位于本段段首，是本段的主题句。通过分析可知，此处需要提到在线课程面临的一个特定挑战，而下文则是关于如何应对这个挑战的建议。E项（关于在线课程的主要抱怨是其缺乏人际互动）点明了在线课程缺乏人际互动这个挑战，并与段落中提到的suggests taking online courses with a friend的建议相符合；E项中的human interaction与下文的social connection及in-person meetings呼应。故选E项。 刷7选5 115 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 116 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Those who can make quick__________ （adapt） to the new surroundings are preferred in the current job market. adaptation 解析 句意为：能够快速适应新环境的人在现在的就业市场中更受青睐。根据句意和句子成分分析可知，设空处应用adapt的名词形式作make的宾语。adaptation意为“适应”时为不可数名词。 2.Parents should properly control the _________ （expose） time of their kids to computer games. exposure 解析 句意为：家长应适当控制孩子玩电脑游戏的时间。结合句意可知，此处表示“接触时间”，设空处应用名词，作定语，修饰名词time。 3.Ideally, average families even in the poor areas should have __________ （afford） access to an equal and excellent education. 解析 句意为：理想情况下，即使是贫困地区的普通家庭也应该有机会负担得起平等而优质的教育。设空处作定语，修饰名词access，结合句意可知，此处表示“可负担得起的”，应用形容词，故填affordable。 affordable 刷单句填空 117 4.My daughter was so ___________ （preoccupy） with her books that she didn’t notice my coming in. preoccupied 解析 句意为：我女儿如此专注于读书以至于她并未注意到我进来。设空处应用形容词，作表语。be preoccupied with意为“专注于”。 5.Modern teaching _________ （facility） are well equipped in the newly-built classrooms. facilities 解析 句意为：新建的教室配备了齐全的现代教学设施。根据空后的系动词are和“主谓一致”原则可知，主语需要使用名词的复数形式。 6.As scheduled, I will arrange ____my secretary to pick you up upon your arrival. for 解析 句意为：按计划，你一到达，我就会安排我的秘书去接你。arrange for sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“安排某人去做某事”，注意arrange在此为不及物动词。 刷单句填空 118 7.If you don’t engage in extra positive social activities, you will restrict yourself ___ your comfort zone and make no improvement. 解析 句意为：如果你不参与其他积极的社交活动，你就会把自己限制在自己的舒适区，不会有任何进步。restrict sb to （doing） sth是固定短语，意为“把某人限制在……；限制某人只做某事”。故填to。 to 刷单句填空 8.He is reading the latest collection of poetry ________ （entitle） Lost Youth. entitled 解析 句意为：他正在读最新的诗集，名为《逝去的青春》。根据句子成分划分可知，此处应用非谓语动词短语作定语，修饰其前的名词短语；collection of poetry与entitle之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故使用entitle的过去分词形式。 9.In the past, we didn’t possess as easy access to digital resources ___ we do today. as 解析 句意为：过去我们无法像今天一样可以轻松地接触到数字资源。设空处考查固定结构（not） as… as…，表示平级比较。 10.Teachers are making efforts to create an atmosphere _______ students are free to express themselves. where 解析 句意为：教师们正在努力营造一种学生可以自由表达自己思想的氛围。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为an atmosphere，结合语境可知，此处表示“在……的氛围中”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，指代抽象地点名词atmosphere。故填where。 刷单句填空 120 根据提示补全句子。 1.这个男孩太依赖他的父母了,以至于他无法快速适应新的大学生活。（adapt） The boy is too dependent on his parents to ______ ________ ___ the new college life quickly. 2.在别人眼中显而易见的事情，我们在生活中却往往视而不见。（tend； blind） We _____ ___ ____ ______ ___ things in our life that are obvious to others. 3.因此，我们已经准备好了未来生活所需要的各种各样的实用技能。（名词range） As a result, we have prepared ___ ______ ______ ___ practical skills for the future life. 4.新式学校鼓励学生按照自己的节奏学习。（pace） In alternative schools, the students are encouraged to study ___ _____ _____ _____. adapt himself to tend to be blind to a wide range of at their own pace 5.众所周知，眼下学生的个性化学习需求很难得到充分满足。（as） ____ ___ _______, the unique learning needs of students are hard to be fully met for the moment. As is known 刷单句表达 121 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 122 A ［河北定州中学2025高二月考］Working on behavioural science, I’ve been asked how adults, especially educators, help students who like to stick with easy work. My answer is to take action based on the science behind desirable difficulty, which reveals the root of the question, and to do that, knowing what it is exactly is necessary. When my daughter Amanda was young and still taking piano lessons, I’d half-listen upstairs while she practised down below. Typically, she’d get pretty good at the opening measures of a new piece. But eventually she’d get to those she didn’t know as well. At that point, music became noise, and Amanda was struggling along the way. Very soon, there would be silence. Then Amanda would begin again at the beginning—where the touch of her fingers generated music instead of noise. In the part Amanda felt uncomfortable about, she met difficulty desirable for her. If Amanda spent too much time repeating the simple measures and not enough on what was obviously difficult for her, I’d encourage her to get back to the hard part. 刷阅读理解 123 Why do kids need grown-ups to encourage them through what scientists call “desirable difficulty”? Students often misinterpret the feeling of “This is hard!” as meaning “I must not be learning much!” However, the truth is that strategies taking more effort, like testing yourself rather than just rereading notes, produce greater long-term learning gains. Difficulty is desirable… but it’s not always desired. Don’t assume that kids avoid effort because they’re lazy. Instead, they may be misreading the sensation of effort as a signal that they’re failing to make progress. Teach students to look at struggles in a sensible way by sharing your stories—times when you felt confused too, and how getting through difficulty helped you improve more than sticking to what you had already known. And, when their practice sounds and looks truly awful, tell them the sound of struggles is music to your ears. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过女儿阿曼达的钢琴练习经历，探讨了“必要难度”这一概念，并解释了为什么成年人需要鼓励孩子直面困难。 刷阅读理解 1.Why does the author mention the story about Amanda?( ) B A.To prove a theory. B.To illustrate a concept. C.To provide a solution. D.To introduce a phenomenon. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段主要引出了“必要难度”这一概念，还指出了解这一概念的必要性；第二段紧接着便以阿曼达练习钢琴的例子来介绍“必要难度”是什么，帮助读者了解这一概念。故可推知，作者提到阿曼达的经历是为了向读者解释“必要难度”这一概念。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 125 2.What would Amanda do when facing difficult sections of music?( ) C A.Turn to her mother for help. B.Practise them repeatedly. C.Stop to return to the easy part. D.Manage to complete them. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But eventually she’d get to those she didn’t know as well.At that point, music became noise, and Amanda was struggling along the way.Very soon, there would be silence.Then Amanda would begin again at the beginning”可知，阿曼达遇到困难或者不熟悉的部分时，她往往会感到很吃力，弹奏出来的音乐就变成了噪声，然后她就会放弃，再从头开始弹。由此可知，阿曼达遇到困难的部分时会从头开始，回到相对容易的部分。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 126 3.What is students’ common misunderstanding?( ) C A.It is hard to make long-term gains. B.Adults don’t understand their struggles. C.Effortful strategies are ineffective. D.Making progress is a must in learning. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，学生遇到困难时，往往会认为自己肯定没有从中学到多少东西，而且他们还会把自己付出艰难努力的感觉误认为是暗示“他们没有取得进步”的信号，但其实这些努力却能给他们带来长期的好处，即学生常见的误解是需要付出努力的策略是无效的。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 127 4.How can educators help students deal with difficulty?( ) D A.By simplifying the tasks for them. B.By sharing stories of sticking to goals. C.By accepting their poor performance. D.By leading them to adopt a right attitude. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，教育者可以通过和学生分享自己克服困难并取得进步的故事，使学生能够以理智的方式看待困难。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 128 B ［浙江温州2024适应性考试］The integration of artificial intelligence （AI） and educational technology （EdTech） has brought incomparable convenience and efficiency to classrooms worldwide. However, despite these advancements, it is crucial to recognise the challenges these AI-driven tools pose to the autonomy and professional judgement of instructors. One of the primary concerns is the depersonalisation of instruction.These tools often rely on pre-packaged digital content and standardised solutions, leaving insufficient room for instructors to tailor their teaching methods. Each student possesses unique characteristics. Instructors, armed with their wealth of experience and knowledge, are best positioned to tailor their approaches to these individual needs. However, AI-driven tools restrict their ability to do so effectively, resulting in a one-size-fits-all approach that fails to inspire students to reach their maximum potential. 刷阅读理解 129 EdTech companies offer step-by-step solutions to textbook problems. These are intended to act as study aids. However, some students employ this feature as a means to merely copy solutions without comprehending concepts. Consequently, instances of cheating at assignments and exams become widespread. While these tools may offer convenience, students may use external resources or cooperate with others during quizzes, affecting the honesty of their learning outcomes. The implications of this depersonalisation and the increase in academic dishonesty are far-reaching. By decreasing the role of instructors as facilitators of meaningful educational interactions, we run the risk of preventing the growth of critical thinking and problem-solving skills among students. Education should not only focus on knowledge acquisition, but also develop the ability to analyse, evaluate, and apply that knowledge in real-world contexts. It should help one’s mind grow, not simply memorise information. Through dynamic classroom discussions, cooperative projects, and hands-on activities, instructors play a crucial role in developing these essential skills. 刷阅读理解 While AI-driven EdTech tools undeniably have their virtues, we must not lose sight of the importance of preserving instructor autonomy and educational experience. Instead of relying only on pre-packaged content and standardised solutions, these tools should be designed to empower instructors to adapt and customise their approaches while taking full advantage of the benefits of technology. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能应用于教学过程中的益处及存在的问题。人工智能与教育技术的融合为世界各地的课堂带来了无与伦比的便利和效率。然而，尽管取得了这些进步，认识到这些人工智能驱动的工具对教师的自主性和专业判断带来的挑战仍至关重要。 刷阅读理解 1.What do the underlined words “the depersonalisation of instruction” in paragraph 2 refer to?( ) B A.Instructors’ dependence on AI. B.The universal approach to all questions. C.The insufficient resource of AI-driven tools. D.The specially designed method for different individuals. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文可知，每个学生都有自己独特的特点，而教师拥有丰富的经验，可以为学生的不同需求量身定制教学方法。但是人工智能依靠的是提前输入的数据和标准化的解决方案，无法针对每个学生的特点作出调整。由此可推知，画线处所在句表达的是人们担忧人工智能这种“标准化的解决方案”，即问题的通用解决方案，本段最后一句中的a one-size-fits-all approach也是提示。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 132 2.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?( ) B A.A possible solution. B.A further problem. C.A well-meant intention. D.A suggested application. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“However, some students employ this feature as a means to merely copy solutions without comprehending concepts.Consequently, instances of cheating at assignments and exams become widespread.”可知，第三段主要介绍了一些学生会利用人工智能驱动的工具在作业和考试中作弊，即人工智能驱动的工具进一步产生的问题。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 133 3.In what aspect do students suffer in AI-driven EdTech education?( ) A A.Thinking skills. B.Teamwork building. C.Interest development. D.Privacy risk. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“By decreasing the role of instructors as facilitators of meaningful educational interactions, we run the risk of preventing the growth of critical thinking and problem-solving skills among students.”可知，在人工智能驱动的教育中，学生在思维能力方面会受到影响。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 134 4.What is conveyed about AI-driven EdTech tools in the last paragraph?( ) D A.They should be used widely. B.Their benefits deserve our attention. C.Their resources need enriching. D.They should support instructor autonomy. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，虽然人工智能驱动的教育技术工具有其优点，但人们不能忽视教师的自主权和教育经验的重要性。这些工具的设计不应只依赖于输入的数据和标准化的解决方案，而应使教师能够在充分利用技术优势的同时调整和定制他们的方法。由此可知，人工智能驱动的教育技术工具应该支持教师拥有自主权。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 135 词汇加油站 进阶词汇 1.acquisition n.获得；习得 2.customise vt.定做，定制 熟词生义 1.tailor 熟义：n.裁缝 生义：vt.按需定制 2.arm 熟义：n.手臂；［pl.］武器 生义：vt.装备；配备 刷阅读理解 136 ［福建三明2024高二期中联考］I was 10 years into my career, happily working as a researcher. But something unexpected happened and I had to . .1. . my focus to teaching undergraduate classes. It was hard to drop a research programme that had defined my career and fuelled my passions. To . .2. . the research world, I began to include journal articles in my undergraduate course, . .3. . lively discussions about the latest discoveries.. .4. ., my students were rarely devoted to the papers fully. My students were . .5. . with memorising facts, but they lacked a deep understanding of how the conclusions were drawn. The creativity of research—what I loved most about being a scientist—was . .6. . on them. This transformed the way I . .7. ..I spent multiple classes deconstructing a single paper with my students, . .8. . each figure and table. I then asked, “If you had co-authored the paper, what would you do next?” 刷完形填空 137 Some . .9. ., “Uh…, I’m not creative.” But I encouraged them to give it a try. After taking part in some group discussions, the students changed their . .10. ..They were amazed by the variety of follow-up studies their classmates had thought up. They argued . .11. . about which ideas were better, expressing surprise when other groups made different choices. I was . .12. . to see each student commit to an idea and discover something about their own powers of . .13. .. What I really wanted my students to do was to . .14. . their own inventiveness and employ their imaginations. I hoped what they learnt about their own . .15. . would be something that lasts. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为老师，在面对本科学生缺乏钻研精神的时候，改变自己的教学方式，带领学生仔细解构论文，激发学生对探究的热情和内在创造力的故事。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.add B.link C.shift D.return C 解析 根据上文的“I was 10 years into my career, happily working as a researcher.”和something unexpected happened及下文的my focus to teaching undergraduate classes可知，发生了一件意外的事情，作者不得不把工作重心转移到教授本科课程上。add意为“增加”；link意为“连接；联系”；shift意为“转移”；return意为“送回；返回”。故选C项。 2.( ) A.stay close to B.look back on C.get down to D.keep away from A 解析 根据下文的I began to include journal articles in my undergraduate course可知，作者在本科课程中加入期刊文章，是为了与研究领域保持紧密联系。stay close to意为“与……保持紧密联系”；look back on意为“回忆；回顾”；get down to意为“开始做某事”；keep away from意为“避免接近；远离”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 139 3.( ) A.handling B.resisting C.expecting D.preparing C 解析 根据上文的I began to include journal articles in my undergraduate course及下文的lively discussions可知，作者开始在本科课程中加入期刊文章，期待学生们对最新的发现进行热烈的讨论。handle意为“处理”；resist意为“抵制；阻挡”；expect意为“期待；预期”；prepare意为“使做好准备”。故选C项。 4.( ) A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore B 解析 根据下文的my students were rarely devoted to the papers fully可知，作者的学生很少深入钻研论文，和上文作者期待的热烈讨论形成转折关系，因此应用However。故选B项。 5.( ) A.bored B.patient C.careless D.comfortable D 解析 根据下文的but they lacked a deep understanding of how the conclusions were drawn可知，作者的学生没有深入理解结论是如何得出的，由此推知他们对记忆事实能够应对自如。bored意为“厌倦的”；patient意为“有耐心的”；careless意为“粗心的”；comfortable意为“自在的”，be comfortable with… 是固定短语，意为“对……应付自如”，符合语境。故选D项。 刷完形填空 140 知识拓展 comfortable熟词生义 熟义：adj.使人舒服的；舒适的；舒服的 生义：adj.自信而无忧虑的；自在的 刷完形填空 141 6.( ) A.lost B.found C.blamed D.reflected A 解析 根据上文的my students were rarely devoted to the papers fully以及they lacked a deep understanding of how the conclusions were drawn可知，作者的学生很少深入钻研论文，对结论是如何得出的缺乏深刻理解，因此他们并不理解研究的独创性。be lost on意为“不为……理解”，符合语境。故选A项。 7.( ) A.lived B.taught C.thought D.searched B 解析 根据下文的I spent multiple classes deconstructing a single paper with my students可知，作者花几堂课的时间去和学生解构论文，因此是改变了教学的方式。故选B项。 8.( ) A.editing B.drawing C.analysing D.memorising C 解析 根据上文的deconstructing a single paper和下文的each figure and table可知，作者在花精力去解构论文，因此是分析论文里的每个图和表。edit意为“编辑”；draw意为“描绘；描画”；analyse意为“分析”；memorise意为“记忆”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 142 9.( ) A.ordered B.hesitated C.promised D.complained B 解析 根据下文的“Uh…, I’m not creative.”可知，有些人认为自己没有创造力，因此在作者想要激发他们创造力的时候犹豫了。order意为“命令”；hesitate意为“犹豫”；promise意为“保证”；complain意为“抱怨”。故选B项。 10.( ) A.tasks B.choices C.methods D.attitudes D 解析 根据下文的“They argued ___ about which ideas were better, expressing surprise when other groups made different choices.”可知，作者的学生开始讨论观点，尊重不同的选择，因此是改变了态度。task意为“任务”；choice意为“选择”；method意为“方法”；attitude意为“态度”。故选D项。 11.( ) A.angrily B.politely C.proudly D.heatedly 解析 根据上文的“They were amazed by the variety of follow-up studies their classmates had thought up.”可知，学生想出各种各样的后续研究，已经开始发挥自己的钻研精神，因此是激烈地讨论想法。angrily意为“生气地”；politely意为“礼貌地”；proudly意为“自豪地”；heatedly意为“激烈地”。故选D项。 D 刷完形填空 143 12.( ) A.excited B.curious C.grateful D.ashamed A 解析 根据下文的to see each student commit to an idea可知，作者看到每个学生都坚持一个观点，作为老师会感到激动。excited意为“激动的；兴奋的”；curious意为“好奇的”；grateful意为“感激的”；ashamed意为“惭愧的”。故选A项。 13.( ) A.devotion B.invention C.observation D.concentration B 解析 根据下文的“What I really wanted my students to do was to ____ their own inventiveness and employ their imaginations.”可知，学生从一开始对钻研不感兴趣，到后来想出各种各样的研究，激烈地讨论想法，在这个过程中他们发现了自己的创造力。devotion意为“奉献；忠诚”；invention意为“创造；发明”；observation意为“观察”；concentration意为“专心；专注”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 144 14.( ) A.prove B.change C.recover D.develop D 解析 根据上文可知，学生们在作者的带领下，开始想出各种各样的研究，因此作者希望学生发挥他们的创造力。prove意为“证明”；change意为“改变”；recover意为“恢复”；develop意为“发挥；增强；发展”。故选D项。 15.( ) A.progress B.strength C.creativity D.performance C 解析 根据语境可知，作者改变教学方式，激发学生对探究的热情和内在创造力，作者希望学生们能够铭记所了解到的关于自己的创造力的知识，相信并发挥自己的创造力。progress意为“进步”；strength意为“体力；力量”；creativity意为“创造力”；performance意为“表现；演出”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 145 05 单元限时小卷 建议用时：57分钟 146 ［东北师大附中2025高二月考］“Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back and he’ll be speechless,” runs （包含） an old joke. However, Susan Goldin-Meadow, author of the book Thinking with Your Hands, has a rather different view. “Almost everyone gestures, not just Italians,” she laughs.“Conference interpreters gesture in their little rooms, though no one is looking at them. Even people born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. In the TV series, The Crown, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may reveal her real emotions, which could be dangerous and that they have to be tied together so she can learn to speak without gesturing.” The gesture under discussion here is the so-called “co-speech gesture”.It is much more abstract （抽象的） than such symbolic gestures like a finger over the lips for “Silence!” or giving a thumbs-up to mean “Great!”.Like words, such symbolic gestures are fixed within cultures （but vary between them）.Instead, gestures that accompany speech are another channel of information and emotion. For example, experimental subjects are asked to watch a film in 刷阅读理解 147 which a cat runs, but they are told to lie and say it jumped. They may do so in words—while their hands will make a running movement. The co-speech gesture is not sign languages, either. Sign languages have clearly defined words and grammar and differ from place to place just as spoken ones do. The co-speech gestures have great potential for practical applications. For example, teachers are encouraged both to use co-speech gestures themselves and to observe those their students make. Some students who fail at a tricky mathematics problem may gesture in a way that indicates they are on the edge of getting it; they should be taught differently from the ones whose gestures suggest that they are entirely at sea. “Children with language delays caused by brain injuries at or around birth are likely to catch up verbally by the age of about 30 months, if they gesture as much as their peers. Those who gesture less are more likely to need early intervention,” Susan Goldin-Meadow adds.“Co-speech gesture is not just about a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is an aid to both.” 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语伴手势及其用途。 刷阅读理解 1.What does Susan Goldin-Meadow really want to tell us in paragraph 2?( ) D A.Lady Diana is probably an emotional woman. B.Italians are very talkative and gesture too much. C.It is unnatural for the blind to gesture to each other. D.Co-speech gestures are used by all of us unknowingly. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容，尤其是“Almost everyone gestures, not just Italians”可知，苏珊·戈尔丁-梅多表示几乎所有人都会做手势动作，并列举了会议口译员、盲人和影视剧中的人物都会在说话时不由自主地做手势的例子，因此苏珊·戈尔丁-梅多想告诉人们，语伴手势是人类下意识做出的动作，而且所有人都会用。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 150 2.What can we say about sign languages?( ) C A.They are as abstract as co-speech gestures. B.They are usually learnt by human beings naturally. C.They have distinctly structured words and grammar. D.They vary from culture to culture and person to person. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The co-speech gesture is not sign languages, either.Sign languages have clearly defined words and grammar and differ from place to place just as spoken ones do.”可知，手语有明确定义的单词和语法。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 151 3.What does the author suggest teachers do in the passage?( ) C A.Put enough trust in students. B.Encourage students to tell the truth. C.Observe their students’ gestures carefully. D.Solve as many tricky problems as possible. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的teachers are encouraged both to use co-speech gestures themselves and to observe those their students make和“Some students who fail at a tricky mathematics problem… whose gestures suggest that they are entirely at sea.”可知，作者建议教师观察学生的手势来了解他们对知识的理解程度，因材施教。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 152 4.What is the main idea of this passage?( ) A A.Co-speech gestures play a vital part in communication. B.Symbolic gestures differ greatly from co-speech gestures. C.Co-speech gestures are more difficult than sign languages. D.Symbolic gestures have great potential for practical applications. 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“Co-speech gesture is not just about a lack of control.It is about thinking and communication, and is an aid to both.”可知，本文主要介绍了语伴手势，并说明了其普遍性及在交流中的重要作用。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 153 文本解构 刷阅读理解 154 ［山东菏泽2025高二期中］Groupthink is whenever members of a group decide that it is more important to agree with one another than it is to offer competing opinions. Groupthink may be a widespread problem.1.___ Here are a few strategies you can use to overcome groupthink. Try to completely understand the problem. When you consider any problem, the first step should be to properly understand what you’re trying to solve. Research it and talk to those affected by it. Collect and organise necessary information for everyone to see.2.___ Once you have a list, discuss the results. 3.___ Teams suffering from groupthink will just want to get one idea and hold on. That’s why one of the best ways to prevent groupthink before it can even start is to give your team the chance to come up with as many ideas as they can. Don’t always try to improve the “best” solution. As an organiser, you may have a preferred solution that you think of as the “best”.However, promoting this solution can have the opposite D E B 刷7选5 155 effect if people start agreeing with you just because of your role. So, rather than asking your group to suggest what is “the best solution”, ask each of them to come up with an outside-the-box idea that solves something different.4.___ Encourage low-risk conflict. When conflict is carried out carefully, it can encourage the group to evaluate the quality of their ideas, helping the best ones develop. Therefore, try to get into the habit of questioning every idea.5.___ Make them give a good reason for it by asking them why they think it’s good. A.Hold a second-chance meeting. B.Choose from a larger pool of ideas. C.Don’t just take someone’s idea at face value. D.However, that doesn’t mean it can’t be avoided. E.Then get everyone to find as many causes as possible. F.Many teams simply sit round a room waiting for suggestions. G.This will help prevent everyone from blindly following one idea. G C 刷7选5 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个克服群体思维的策略。 刷7选5 1.___ D 解析 空前解释了群体思维的含义，并指出这是一个普遍存在的问题，空后提出有一些策略可以用来克服群体思维，D项（然而，这并不意味着它不能避免）与空前构成语义转折，并引出下文，符合语境。该项中的it指代空前的Groupthink。故选D项。 刷7选5 158 方法总结 利用逻辑衔接词解7选5 7选5设空位置常考查上下文的逻辑关系，考生须掌握各种表示逻辑关系的词汇，依据逻辑关系判断出正确答案。常见的逻辑衔接词有： （1）表因果关系：because、so、thus、therefore 等； （2）表转折关系：but、yet、however、nevertheless 等； （3）表让步关系：although、though、while（虽然）等； （4）表对比关系：while（而）、instead; on the one hand… on the other hand等; （5）表并列或顺承关系：and、also、first、second、next、then; for one thing, for another thing 等。 刷7选5 159 2.___ E 解析 空前讲到发现问题时，第一步是正确地理解想要解决的问题。同时研究它并与受其影响的人交谈，还要收集和组织必要的信息供大家查看。E项（然后，让每个人找到尽可能多的原因）承接上文，进一步指出接下来该怎么做，在语义上与上文形成顺承关系，介绍解决问题的具体步骤，空后的list即指代E项中的“原因清单”。故选E项。 3.___ B 解析 设空处位于段首，为本段的主旨句，起到统领本段的作用。根据空后内容可知，本段主要介绍了避免群体思维的最好方法之一就是让团队有机会提出尽可能多的想法。B项（从更多的想法中选择）指出克服群体思维的一种策略，概括了本段内容，符合段落主旨。故选B项。 刷7选5 160 4.___ G 解析 根据空前内容可知，本段主要讲了不要试图找到最优解，而应该让团队里的每一个成员都提出解决问题的不同想法。G项（这将有助于阻止每个人盲目地遵循一个想法）承接上文，作出总结，指出这一策略带来的好处，其中的This指代空前提到的“让他们中的每个人都想出一个能解决不同问题的想法”这件事。故选G项。 5.___ C 解析 空前的“Therefore, try to get into the habit of questioning every idea.”提到要养成质疑每个想法的习惯，空后则提出具体做法，C项（不要仅相信某人的想法的表面）承上启下，鼓励人们要评估每个想法的质量，不要盲目遵循某人的想法。故选C项。 刷7选5 161 ［浙江绍兴2025高二期末］Ivy Lawrence-Walls didn’t set out to choose farming. But it chose her. She grew up on a five-acre farm in Houston and credits many . .1. . life lessons to her childhood. She remembers observing a bird build a nest as an inquisitive seven-year-old. She learnt . .2. . as the nest gradually grew bigger over time. She didn’t know then that many of those childhood lessons would be . .3. . in her life now as a full-time farmer and entrepreneur. Now at 27, she has . .4. . the farm into a farm and vegetable garden and is . .5. . creating sustainable, healthy food access for the neighbourhood. The garden grows carrots, cabbage, pumpkin, peppers, and delivers vegetables to local residents for free. And Lawrence-Walls also hosts various plant pop-up events at local schools to . .6. . the next generation of farmers. “Starting the farm was a leap of . .7. .,” said Lawrence-Walls. Now her daily . .8. . is not working in the hospital but trading her lab coat for muddy boots and dirty jeans to produce food full-time for her community.. .9. ., she is still . .10. . in public health.“Food is public health 刷完形填空 162 and we hope to . .11. . some of the issues that we do face in the neighbourhood in food and community wellness, green spaces, and mental health awareness,” she stressed. Lawrence-Walls said her biggest challenge of . .12. . from her nine-to-five job to being a full-time business owner was . .13. . the news to her mum, who thought she was crazy to leave her corporate job to dig holes. Additionally, she had to mentally move past the . .14. . by which success traditionally gets defined in society.“It took me a lot of time to realise that. Yes, I am digging holes. Yes, I am dirty most of the time, but I’m happy and realising that this work is . .15. .,” she said frankly. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了劳伦斯-沃尔斯把一个农场改造成了一个农场和菜园，旨在为社区提供健康和绿色的食物的故事。 刷完形填空 1.( ) A.distinct B.essential C.internal D.enormous B 解析 根据下文中的She didn’t know then that many of those childhood lessons would be ____ in her life可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯在童年时期学到的人生经验都运用到了她后来的生活中，由此可知，此处表示她将许多重要的人生经验归功于她的童年。essential意为“极其重要的”，故选B项。distinct意为“截然不同的，有区别的”；internal意为“内部的”；enormous意为“巨大的”。 2.( ) A.patience B.obligation C.devotion D.passion A 解析 根据下文as the nest gradually grew bigger over time可推知，随着鸟儿建造的巢逐渐变大，她在观察的同时也学会了要有耐心。故选A项。obligation意为“义务，责任”；devotion意为“奉献”；passion意为“激情”。 3.( ) A.favoured B.abandoned C.employed D.adapted C 解析 根据上下文内容可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯从小生活在农场，现在自己也在经营农场，由此可知这里表示她童年时期学到的经验都被运用到了她的事业当中。employ意为“运用”，故选C项。favour 意为“较喜欢；选择”；abandon意为“舍弃，丢弃”；adapt意为“使适应；改编”。 刷完形填空 164 4.( ) A.linked B.introduced C.integrated D.expanded D 解析 根据下文“the farm into a farm and vegetable garden and is ____ creating sustainable, healthy food access for the neighbourhood”可知，她把一开始的农场扩展成了一个农场和菜园。expand意为“扩大”，故选D项。introduce意为“引进”；integrate意为“（使）合并，成为一体”。 5.( ) A.engaged in B.comprised of C.gifted in D.combined with A 解析 根据下文“creating sustainable, healthy food access for the neighbourhood”可知，她经营农场和菜园的目的是为社区提供可持续、健康的食物。be engaged in意为“从事，忙于”，故选A项。be comprised of意为“由……组成”；be gifted in意为“在……方面有天赋”；be combined with意为“与……结合”。 6.( ) A.help B.motivate C.pursue D.encounter B 解析 根据上文Lawrence-Walls also hosts various plant pop-up events at local schools和下文the next generation of farmers可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯还在当地学校举办各种活动，以激励学生以后从事农场经营。motivate意为“激励”，故选B项。pursue意为“追逐”；encounter意为“偶遇”。 刷完形填空 165 7.( ) A.intention B.hesitation C.resistance D.security A 解析 根据语境和下文中的working in the hospital可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯以前在医院工作，而现在她全职经营农场，为社区提供健康的食物，由此可知，经营这个农场是劳伦斯-沃尔斯自己的意愿。intention意为“意愿；意图”，故选A项。hesitation意为“犹豫”；resistance意为“抗拒；抵抗”。 8.( ) A.operation B.routine C.exercise D.supply B 解析 根据空后的but trading her lab coat for muddy boots and dirty jeans to produce food full-time for her community可知，她的日常生活不再是在医院工作，而是在农场里为社区生产食物。daily routine意为“日常生活”，故选B项。 9.( ) A.Therefore B.Afterwards C.Nevertheless D.Otherwise C 解析 根据语境可知，此处表示劳伦斯-沃尔斯虽然已经不在医院工作，目前在经营农场，以为社区居民生产健康食品，但是劳伦斯-沃尔斯仍然在从事与公共健康相关的工作。前后句形成转折，nevertheless意为“然而，不过”，故选C项。 刷完形填空 166 10.( ) A.trapped B.involved C.permitted D.stuck B 解析 根据语境可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯仍在从事与公共健康相关的工作。be involved in意为“参与”。故选B项。 11.( ) A.tackle B.detect C.clarify D.distinguish A 解析 根据下文“some of the issues that we do face in the neighbourhood in food and community wellness, green spaces, and mental health awareness”可知，此处表示希望能够解决“我们”在食物健康、社区健康、绿色空间以及心理健康认识等方面面临的一些问题。tackle意为“解决”，故选A项。detect意为“发现”；clarify意为“澄清”；distinguish意为“区分”。 12.( ) A.ceasing B.moving C.fleeing D.switching D 解析 根据上文中的working in the hospital和下文from her nine-to-five job to being a full-time business owner可知，劳伦斯-沃尔斯以前在医院工作，现在全职经营农场，因此是从朝九晚五的工作转变为全职企业主。switch意为“（使）转变”，故选D项。cease意为“（使）停止”；flee意为“逃跑”。 刷完形填空 167 13.( ) A.distracting B.evaluating C.breaking D.citing C 解析 根据下文who thought she was crazy to leave her corporate job to dig holes可知，她妈妈认为她辞掉医院的工作去经营农场是疯了，所以她转变为全职企业主的最大挑战是把这个消息告诉她的妈妈。break意为“告诉（某人不愉快的消息）”，故选C项。distract意为“使分心”；evaluate意为“评价，评估”；cite意为“引用，援引”。 14.( ) A.assumption B.conclusion C.forecast D.assessment D 解析 根据下文by which success traditionally gets defined in society可知，她必须在心理上超越社会上对成功的传统定义，对成功的定义是基于人们的看法产生的。assessment意为“评价；评定”，故选D项。assumption意为“假定，假设”；conclusion意为“结论”；forecast意为“预报”。 15.( ) A.amusing B.secure C.rewarding D.intense C 解析 根据上文“Food is public health and we hope to ____ some of the issues that we do face… mental health awareness”以及I’m happy可知，她认为她的工作是有意义的。rewarding意为“值得的，有意义的”，故选C项。amusing意为“逗人发笑的”；intense意为“十分强烈的”。 刷完形填空 168 ［广东省2024期末调研］Recently, Chinese netizens expressed 1.___________ （amaze） at a map filled with thickly dotted signs. Wu Yunjie is the map’s maker, who is 2.__________ （passion） about cultural relics. Clearly marking the country’s historic sites is his pursuit, and now with perseverance and commitment 3._______ （come） the great moment he looks forward to. In 2020, Wu started collecting information. Many historic sites cannot be located 4.___________（specific） and some information is not fully disclosed, for 5._______ he spent much time carrying out on-site visits. Though facing difficulties, Wu has joy in this job. Now, the map includes nearly 10,000 historic landmarks 6.______ （use） different colours to represent different categories: Red signs show the cultural relic sites under state protection, while green signs stand for the 7._________ （protect） historic sites by provinces. Scattered like stars in the sky and towering on the ground, much ancient tall architecture is also marked on the map. amazement passionate comes specifically which using protected 刷语法填空 169 The cultural relics recorded on the map account 8.____ less than 2% of the over 760,000 immovable cultural relics.“If possible, I’d like to document the cultural relics that 9.______________（lose） overseas for a long time. Those treasures may not be able to return to the homeland at 10.____ moment, but the stories they carry are what we need to see.” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了文物爱好者吴运杰绘制标记有文物古迹坐标的地图的故事。 for have been lost the 刷语法填空 1.___________ amazement 解析 句意为：最近，中国网友对一张布满密密麻麻标志的地图表示惊讶。设空处作expressed的宾语，表示“惊讶”，应用名词，amazement为不可数名词。 2.__________ passionate 解析 句意为：地图的制作者是吴运杰，他是一位忠实的文物爱好者。设空处作系动词is的表语，应用形容词；be passionate about… 为固定搭配，意为“对……热衷的”。 3._______ comes 解析 句意为：清楚地标记出全国的历史遗迹是他的追求，现在，凭借毅力和投入，他迎来了自己期待的伟大时刻。此处为倒装结构，设空处为and后的分句的谓语，根据时间状语now可知，应用一般现在时，主语是the great moment，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 刷语法填空 171 知识拓展 完全倒装 表示地点、时间或方位的副词here、there、now、then、up、down、outside、away、off、in、out等置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子需要用完全倒装。其谓语通常不带助动词或情态动词，且多为表示动作趋向的不及物动词，如come、go、stand等。 刷语法填空 172 4.___________ specifically 解析 句意为：许多历史遗迹无法具体定位，一些信息也没有完全公开，为此他花了很多时间进行实地探访。设空处修饰动词located，作状语，应用副词。故填specifically。 5._______ which 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，关系词在从句中作介词for的宾语，应用关系代词which。 6.______ using 解析 句意为：现在，该地图包括近万个历史地标，使用不同的颜色代表不同的类别：红色标识表示国家级文物保护单位，绿色标识表示省级文物保护单位。分析句子结构可知，设空处作方式状语，应用非谓语形式，use与其逻辑主语the map之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填using。 7._________ protected 解析 设空处应用非谓语形式，修饰historic sites，protect与historic sites之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，表示“受保护的”。故填protected。 刷语法填空 173 8.____ for 解析 句意为：地图上记载的文物在76万多处不可移动文物中所占比例不到2%。account for为固定搭配，意为“（数量上、比例上）占”。故填for。 9.______________ have been lost 解析 句意为：如果可能，我想记录那些流失海外已久的文物。that引导定语从句，修饰cultural relics，设空处为该从句的谓语；根据时间状语for a long time可知，从句应用现在完成时；从句的主语that指代先行词cultural relics，和动词lose之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been lost。 10.____ the 解析 句意为：这些珍宝可能目前无法回到祖国，但它们所承载的故事是我们需要看到的。at the moment为固定短语，意为“目前；此刻”。故填the。 刷语法填空 174 ［江苏徐州一中2024模拟］阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Andy’s finger traced the lines on a blank United States map, each state represented by a number. He whispered to himself, “New Jersey is eating Pennsylvania, and Ohio is a chicken nugget.” Beside him lay another piece of paper with numbers 1—50 written down. Despite 20 minutes of intense concentration, all Andy had to show for his efforts were those numbers. “OK, and Utah is the washing machine. No, Montana is the washing machine. Or North Dakota? Gah! They’re all washing machines!” Andy was caught in his confusion. This wasn’t the first time his memory had failed him during a test. No matter how hard he studied, nothing seemed to stay in his brain for long. He had tried memory tricks, even spending nights examining an old paper map in his bedroom. It had given him a glimmer of hope, but now that hope felt distant. 刷读后续写 175 The time was up, and Mr Crane began collecting the answer sheets. Andy quickly stuffed his blank test into the pile, wanting to forget about it. Unfortunately, his brain seemed to remember only the things it should forget. During lunch, Andy stared at a map, frustrated that he had handed in a blank sheet of paper. Andy’s friend Aaron shrugged.“You only need a 70 to pass.” “Yeah, well it’s hard to get a 70 when you hand in a blank sheet of paper,” Andy mumbled, frowning. Aaron popped a grape into his mouth.“Well, Mr Crane will let you retake （补考） it tomorrow.” Andy was the only one standing at Mr Crane’s desk after school. He apologised quickly, his head drooping. But instead of scolding him, Mr Crane patted his shoulder, saying, “I think you are trying, but you might learn better by being active. Just practise more!” 刷读后续写 Andy looked into Mr Crane’s eyes, finding comfort in the teacher’s understanding gaze. Mr Crane invited Andy to help him organise a pile of magnets （磁铁）, each with the name of a state on it. On the wall hung a large magnetic map—part of a review game the class had been playing. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 As Andy arranged the magnets, an idea suddenly came into his mind. ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ When doing homework, Andy was told he scored an 88 on the retake. __________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文讲述了安迪虽然很努力地学习，但是总是记不住东西，在考试中他高度集中精力地思考，但是什么也想不起来，等到老师收卷的时候，他只能交上一张白纸。吃午饭的时候，他很沮丧，朋友阿龙安慰了他。放学后，安迪向老师道了歉，老师没有责备他，而是鼓励他勤加练习，并请他帮忙整理一堆标着各州名称的磁铁。 主要角色 安迪、阿龙、克兰老师 需要解决的问题 安迪在考试中交了白卷，面临补考，安迪如何找到正确的学习方法并通过补考。 刷读后续写 178 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：当安迪整理磁铁时，他突然想到了一个主意。） 由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写安迪突然想明白如何记忆各州的地理位置，克兰老师给予他鼓励；结合第二段的提示可知，第一段最后应落在安迪找到了正确的学习方法，并且第二天参加了补考。 续写第二段（提示句：在做作业时，安迪被告知他在补考中得了88分。） 根据第二段的提示句可知，第二段可描写安迪得知自己的成绩后的反应，围绕其心理活动展开，并表达对老师的感激。结尾处进行升华，表明安迪对学习的感悟。 情节线索 安迪整理磁铁时想到记忆方法——老师鼓励安迪继续练习——安迪参加补考——安迪得知自己通过了补考 情感线索 整理地图时灵光闪现，想到记忆诀窍——受到鼓励后的开心——得知成绩后的激动、兴奋——对老师的感激——信心增加 刷读后续写 179 【参考范文】 As Andy arranged the magnets, an idea suddenly came into his mind.He placed one magnet correctly and then proceeded to fix other states.Suddenly, he was inspired and snapped one magnet in place, declaring it as an old man with a beard.Then he discovered that each state took on a unique identity.Mr Crane, who had quietly observed Andy’s progress, praised him for combining memory tricks with those unique characteristics of each piece.Encouraged by Mr Crane, Andy practised again.This time, everything seemed to stick in his brain.Then he took the retake the next day. When doing homework, Andy was told he scored an 88 on the retake.His eyes widened, and for a moment, he couldn’t find the words to express his emotions.A grin spread across his face, stretching from ear to ear.He had done it! The hard work and persistence had paid off.Andy couldn’t wait to express his thanks to Mr Crane for his support and guidance.A weight seemed to have been lifted off his shoulders.Andy’s confidence soared, and he realised that the key to success was not just passively memorising facts but truly understanding and connecting the material. 刷读后续写 180 $$