内容正文:
人
教
初
中
英
语
版
Unit 1 You and Me
单元单词讲解及拓展
目录
CONTENT
重点词汇过关
1. make friends
交朋友
用法:可以单独使用,用于表达 “交朋友” 这一行为动作。
搭配: make new friends. 交新朋友 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友
It is + adj. + to make friends...
例句: It's easy to make friends at work. 在工作中结交朋友很简单。
By this time he had already made some friends. 到这时他已交了一些朋友。
The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________.
A.who we need B.how to make friends
C.what a friend is like D.where we should go
【答案】B
【详解】句意:“相互了解是结交新朋友的第一步”这句话告诉我们如何交朋友。
考查宾语从句的简化。who we need我们需要谁;how to make friends如何交朋友;what a friend is like朋友是什么样的;where we should go我们应该去哪里。根据“Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends”可知,交朋友要先相互了解,此处是告诉人们如何交朋友,应用how引导宾语从句,可以简化为“how+动词不定式结构”。故选B。
搭配: get to know 认识,了解 each other:彼此 one after the other:一个接一个
例句:The twins trust each other. 这对双胞胎彼此信任。
The runners finished one after the other. 跑者们一个接一个地完成比赛。
2. get to know each other
彼此认识;了解
If you _______ one person to another, you tell them each other's names so that they get to know each other.
A. introduce B. interview C. remind D. prefer
【答案】 A
【解析 】句意: “如果你把一个人介绍给另一个人,你要告诉他们彼此的名字,让他们彼此了解”。“introduce” 意为 “介绍”,符合语境;“interview” 意为 “采访”;“remind” 意为 “使想起”;“prefer” 意为 “更喜欢”,这三个选项均不符合句意,所以选 A。
用法:表示 “满的,装满的”:常用于 “be full of” 结构,表示 “充满……”。
表示 “吃饱的”:通常用于系表结构。
搭配: full name全名 be full of=be filled with充满…
例句:he bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。
The room is full of people. 房间里挤满了人。 I'm full, thank you. 谢谢,我吃饱了。
—Would you like ________ bread for breakfast?
—________. I’m full .
A.some; Yes, please B.any: Sure, I’d love to C.some; No, thanks
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——早餐你想吃些面包吗?——不用了,谢谢。我饱了。
考查不定代词和情景交际。some一些,用于肯定句以及表请求的一般疑问句中;any任何,一般用于否定句和疑问句中;Yes, please好的,麻烦了;Sure, I’d love to当然,我很乐意;No, thanks不用了,谢谢。would like引导的疑问句中,应使用some,排除选项B;结合“I’m full (饱的).”可知,已经饱了,所以应是婉拒了“吃面包的邀请”。故选C。
3. full
adj. 完整的;满的;饱的
用法:full name 全名 ; given name= first name 名字
family name= last name= surname=姓 nickname n.绰号; 昵称
例句: Fill in your full name and address.填写全名和地址。
The writer's full name appears on the title page of the book. 作者的全名在内封上出现。
—What’s her full name?
—Her full name is ________.
A.Deng Qin Wen B.Quan Hongchan C.Pan zhanle
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——她的全名是什么?——她的全名是全红婵。
考查人名。中国人的人名的书写方式是:姓和名的首字母大写,如果名字由多个汉字组成,只需名字的第一个字的首字母大写,其余小写。根据“Her full name”可知此处是一个女性的名字,选项B符合。故选B。
4. full name 全名
搭配:表示 “年级”:常与介词 “in” 搭配,“in + 年级” 表示 “在几年级”。
表示 “成绩,评分等级”:可与动词 “get”“achieve” 等搭配
表示 “品级”:用于描述产品、材料等的质量等级,常与 “high”“low”“top” 等形容词搭配
例句: Sam is in (the) second grade. 萨姆读二年级。
She got good grades in her exams. 她考试成绩优良。
—I don’t know ________ in the coming math exam.
—Just relax and enjoy yourself during the process.
A.why could I get good grades B.why I could get good grades
C.if can I get good grades D.if I can get good grades
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我不知道我是否能在即将到来的数学考试中取得好成绩。——在这个过程中放松一下,享受一下。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,空处引导宾语从句,从句用陈述语序;根据“Just relax and enjoy yourself during the process.”可知,此处在安慰对方,空处应是不确定是否会取得好成绩,应用if引导宾语从句,结合选项可知,D项符合。故选D。
5. grade
n. 年级;等级;成绩
用法:classmate(同班同学)是一个表示个体关系的名词,指的是同一班级学习
的同学,不是表示整体的集合。所以有单复数区别。
搭配: roommate 室友; workmate 同事;class teacher 班主任
例句: I ran into an old classmate from high school at the supermarket yesterday.
昨天我在超市偶遇了一位高中时的老同学。
It is important for us to follow some rules at school. We should not fight ________ our classmates.
A.to B.against C.for D.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在学校遵守一些规则对我们来说是很重要的。我们不应该和同学打架。
考查介词和动词短语。to向;against反对;for为了;with和。根据“It is important for us to follow some rules at school.”可知,我们在学校要遵守校规,因此表示不应该和同学打架,fight against“与……打架”,故选B。
6. classmate
n. 同班同学
搭配: n.名词 make a mistake 犯错误;make mistakes; by mistake 错误地
vt.动词 mistake A for B ;把A误认为B
例句: It was a big mistake to leave my umbrella at home. 把伞忘在家里是个大错误。
I took your bag by mistake. 我错拿了你的包。
He mistook her silence for shyness. 他把她的沉默误解为害羞。
________ careful we are, ________ mistakes we will make.
A.The more; the fewer B.The fewer; the more C.The more; the more
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们越细心,犯的错误就越少。
考查比较级。more更多的;fewer更少的。根据语境可知,越细心,就犯越少的错误。故选A。
7. mistake
n. 错误;失误
用法:country 名词, 国家- countries(复数)
all over the country= around the country 遍及全国
the whole country 全国 country music乡村音乐 countryside 名词, 乡村
例句:China is a great country with a long history.
中国是一个有着悠久历史的伟大国家。
China develops very fast and it is one of the ________ in the world.
A.good country B.good countries C.best countries D.best country
【答案】C
【详解】句意:中国发展得非常快,它是世界上最好的国家之一。
考查形容词最高级和名词复数。根据“China develops very fast”以及“in the world”可知,这里是在将中国与世界上的其他国家进行比较,且要表达的是中国是“最好的”国家之一,因此应该使用形容词的最高级形式,“one of the...”后应接复数名词。故选C。
8. country
n. 国家
搭配: the same + 名词;the same + 名词 + as;the same...that
例句:They live in the same house. 他们住在同一所房子里。
This shirt is the same color as mine. 这件衬衫和我的颜色一样。
This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. 这就是我昨天丢的那支笔。
People don’t always see things the same way, ________ they may have different ideas.
A.because B.so C.but D.or
【答案】B
【详解】句意:人们并不总是以相同的方式看待事物,所以他们可能有不同的想法。
考查连词辨析。because因为;so所以;but但是;or或者。根据前后句关系可知,空处表结果,需连词so。故选B。
9. same
adj. 相同的
搭配: twin brother 孪生兄弟; twin towers 双塔式建筑
twin room 两张单人床的双人房; twin cities 双子城(位于美国西部)
例句:She’s the elder twin, and her brother is five minutes younger.
她是双胞胎中的姐姐,弟弟比她小五分钟。
The mountain has twin peaks, both over 3,000 meters high.
这座山有两个山峰,海拔都超过 3000 米。
This is ________ bedroom. They are twins. Their ________ decides to decorate their bedroom again next year.
A.Lucy’s and Lily’s; fathers B.Lucy and Lily’s; father
C.Lucy’s and Lily’s; father D.Lucy and Lily’s; fathers
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是露西和莉莉的房间。她们是双胞胎。她们的父亲打算来年再把她们的卧室装扮一下。
考查名词所有格及名词单复数。根据下文“their bedroom”可知,她们两个人共用一个卧室,因此只需要在and后的名词后加’s,为Lucy and Lily’s bedroom,她们是双胞胎,因此她们的爸爸是同一个人,因此用名词的单数形式。故选B。
10. twin
n. 双胞胎之一 adj. 双胞胎之一的
用法:作形容词,修饰复数名词,表示“两者都”;
搭配: both + 复数名词; both..and... 两者都…; both of + 代词(宾格)/ 定冠词 + 名词
例句:Both children are good at painting. 两个孩子都擅长画画。
I know both of these songs. 这两首歌我都知道。
She loves coffee and tea—both are her favorites. 她喜欢咖啡和茶,两者都是她的最爱。
Tom and I ________ in the school band. We ________ like playing the guitar.
A.am; both B.are; both C.am; same D.are; all
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我和汤姆在学校乐队。我们都喜欢弹吉他。
考查主谓一致及代词辨析。am是,be的第一人称单数现在式;are是,be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式;both两者都;same相同;all所有,指三种及以上。第一个空所在句的主语为“Tom and I”,be动词用are;We“我们”,指的是我和汤姆两个人,both符合。故选B。
11. both
adj. & pron. 两个;两个都
用法:表示 “(演奏流行音乐、摇滚等的)乐队”,强调由多人组成的音乐团体。
搭配: rock band 摇滚乐队; pop band 流行乐队;band member 乐队成员
例句:My brother plays the guitar in a rock band.
我哥哥在一个摇滚乐队里弹吉他。
The school band will perform at the opening ceremony tomorrow.
学校乐队明天将在开幕式上表演。
—You ________ be excited—you have tickets for your favourite band!
—Yes. It’s unbelievable that I can see the band play live!
A.need B.have to C.must
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你一定很兴奋吧——你有最喜欢乐队的门票! ——是的!难以置信我能看到乐队的现场演出!
考查情态动词用法。need需要;have to不得不;must一定,肯定。根据答语“It’s unbelievable that I can see the band play live!”可知,难以置信“我”能看乐队现场演出,所以此处是对方推测“我”一定很兴奋,应用“must”对现在的情况进行肯定推测,语气强烈。故选C。
12. band
n. 乐队
用法:可指烹饪用的锅、种植植物的花盆等;也可作动词,意为 “把…… 栽入盆中;腌渍”
单数形式为 “pot”,复数形式为 “pots”。
搭配: flower pot 花盆 coffee pot 咖啡壶 soup pot 汤锅 clay pot 陶罐
例句: My mother is cooking soup in a big pot. 我妈妈正在用一口大锅煮汤。
There is a beautiful flower pot on the windowsill. 窗台上有一个漂亮的花盆。
—Which is your favorite restaurant?
—Haidilao hot pot. ________ has excellent taste and service (服务).
A.We B.It C.They D.He
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢的饭店是哪一家?——海底捞。它有着极好的味道和服务。
考查代词词义辨析。We我们;It它;They他们;He他。此处指代海底捞。故选B。
13. pot n. 锅 (盛食品的)罐,瓶,壶
用法:常用作不可数名词,意为 “豆腐”, 没有复数形式,表达数量时需借助量词,如 “a piece of tofu”(一块豆腐)、“two boxes of tofu”(两盒豆腐)等。
搭配: fresh tofu 新鲜的豆腐 soft tofu 嫩豆腐 dried tofu 豆腐干 stinky tofu 臭豆腐
例句: My grandmother can make delicious tofu at home. 我奶奶会在家做美味的豆腐。
We often eat stir-fried vegetables with tofu for dinner. 我们晚餐经常吃炒蔬菜配豆腐。
—Do you have anything with tofu?
—Yes. We have ________.
A.Mapo tofu B.Gongbao chicken C.Beijing roast duck D.Dongpo pork
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你们有含豆腐的菜吗?——有的。我们有麻婆豆腐。
考查名词辨析。Mapo tofu麻婆豆腐;Gongbao chicken宫保鸡丁;Beijing roast duck北京烤鸭;Dongpo pork东坡肉。根据“Do you have anything with tofu?”可知,对方询问是否有含豆腐的菜,“Mapo tofu”符合语境。故选A。
14. tofu
n. 豆腐
用法:主要用作副词短语,意为 “很;非常;大量地”,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词,强调程度或数量;也可单独使用,指代 “很多(东西 / 事情)。
搭配: like...a lot 非常喜欢…… help a lot 帮助很大 change a lot 变化很大
worry a lot 非常担心 thank...a lot 非常感谢……
例句: Your advice helped me a lot. 你的建议帮了我大忙。
—________ you need help, you can turn to me. —Sure, I will. Thanks a lot.
A.Whoever B.Whenever C.Whatever
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——无论什么时候你需要帮助,都可以找我。——当然,我会的。非常感谢。
考查连词辨析。Whoever无论谁;Whenever无论什么时候;Whatever无论什么。根据“... you need help, you can turn to me.”可知,此处表示“无论什么时候”。故选B。
15. a lot
很;非常
=very much
用法:作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式根据其单复数形式变化;可用于
所有格形式 “guitar's”,表示 “吉他的……”。
搭配: play the guitar 弹吉他 buy a guitar 买一把吉他
repair a guitar 修吉他 learn the guitar 学吉他
例句: My brother practices playing the guitar for an hour every day.
我哥哥每天练习弹吉他一小时。
Kangkang likes playing ________ guitar, but Jane likes to play ________ soccer.
A.the; the B.the; / C./; the D./; /
【答案】B
【详解】句意:康康喜欢弹吉他,但简喜欢踢足球。
考查冠词用法。the定冠词,可用于乐器前;/零冠词。“guitar”是吉他,乐器前通常加定冠词the,play the guitar“弹吉他”;“soccer”为足球,球类运动前不加冠词,play soccer“踢足球”。故选B。
16. guitar n. 吉他
用法:表示 “打网球” 时,常用 “play tennis”(球类运动前不加定冠词 “the”);本身没有复数形式,表达 “一个网球” 需用 “a tennis ball”。
搭配: play tennis 打网球 watch tennis 看网球(比赛) practice tennis 练习网球
例句: My father likes playing tennis on weekends.我爸爸喜欢在周末打网球。
We will watch a tennis match on TV this evening.我们今晚要在电视上看一场网球比赛。
Last week, I ________ tennis with my best friend, Linda.
A.play B.played C.playing D.to play
【答案】B
【详解】句意:上周,我和我的好朋友琳达打网球。
考查时态。play一般现在时;played一般过去时;playing现在分词或动名词;
to play动词不定式。根据“Last week”可知,本句应使用一般过去时。故选B。
17. tennis 网球
用法:作副词表示程度递进:用于强调出乎意料或程度更进一步,常修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语等,位置一般在被修饰内容之前; 作形容词在句中可作定语、表语等,用于描述事物的属性,比如数字的奇偶性、表面是否平坦等 。
例句: He worked hard and even stayed up late to finish the project.
他努力工作,甚至熬夜完成了这个项目 。
My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs.
A.I B.He C.You D.She
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我妹妹擅长唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌曲。
考查代词辨析。I我;He他;You你;She她。根据“My sister is good at singing.”可知,
此处指“我”妹妹会唱法语歌曲,指第三人称,且为女性,故用代词She指代。故选D。
18. even
adv. 甚至;连;愈加 adj. 偶数的
用法:①表示陈述自己或询问他人的意愿或者愿望; ②表示发出请求或者愿意帮助别人
③表示发出邀请;④表示提出或者接受建议
例句: I would like to travel more.我想多旅行。
I would like to borrow your pen. 我想借用你的笔。
I would like to take you out for dinner.我想请你出去吃晚饭。
I would like to try your idea.我想试试你的主意。
—Would you like ________ tea with ice in it?
—Yes, I ________ .
A.any, would B.some, would C.any, will D.some, will
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——想来点加冰的茶吗?——好的,我想要。
考查代词和情态动词。some/any都表示“一些”,但是在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,用some不用any,第一个空填some;Would you like...?的肯定回答是Yes, I would.。故选B。
19. would
v. 想;将会
用法:没有复数形式,不能直接用不定冠词 “a” 修饰,也不能在词尾加 “-s”。表示 “一条信息” 时,需用 “a piece of information”;表示 “一些信息” 用 “some information”。
搭配: get information 获取信息 find information 找到信息 give information 提供信息
例句:You can get useful information about the city from this travel guide.
你可以从这本旅游指南中获取关于这座城市的有用信息。
—I want to make a poster for World Forest Day.
—OK, let’s ________ some information online.
A.search for B.go along C.get to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我想为世界森林日制作一张海报。——好的,我们去网上查找一些信息吧。
考查动词短语。search for搜索、查找;go along沿着……走、进展;get to到达、开始做某事。根据“I want to make a poster for World Forest Day.”可知,制作海报需要收集相关资料,去网上搜索信息。“search for information”为常见搭配,意为“搜索信息”。故选A。
20. information
n. 信息;消息
用法:单数为 “hobby”,复数为 “hobbies”。可作主语、宾语或表语,
搭配: have a hobby 有一个爱好 develop a hobby 培养一个爱好
share a hobby 分享一个爱好 talk about hobbies 谈论爱好
例句:My hobby is painting. I often spend weekends drawing pictures.
我的爱好是画画。我经常在周末画画。
My friend Mike has the same hobby ________ me.
A.as B.so C.than D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的朋友迈克和我有相同的爱好。
考查固定搭配。as如同;so因此;than比;for为了。the same...as...“和……相同的……”,为固定搭配。故选A。
21. hobby n. 业余爱好
practice
1.They are (双胞胎), but not in the same class.
2.I (结识) many new friends at the school party.
3.Can you help me correct this (错误) in my homework?
4.We’re (同班同学). Let’s help each other!
5.Lily and I come from the same (国家).
6.I want to find more (信息) about the writer, so I search it on the Internet.
7.These children go to the (相同的) park.
8.She is good at and wants to be a singer. (弹吉他)
9.Wang Yaming can play the guitar and he plays it in the school (乐队).
10.We can with other students in clubs. (交朋友)
twins
got to know
mistake
classmates
country
information
same
playing the guiar
band
make friends
About English
practice
11.Linda is in Class 1, (年级) 7.
12.Who is your ? (班主任)
13.Playing the guitar and playing basketball are my brother’s (爱好).
14.The pet cat can (甚至) dance.
15.This English book has 60 (页) .
16. (想) you like some Mapo to-fu?
17. (网球运动) is not easy. Let us play football.
18.Lily and I are good friends. We often help (互相).
19.I would like some Gongbao chicken and Mapo (豆腐) with rice.
20.We (两个都) like football and tennis.
Grade
class teacher
hobbies
even
pages
Would
Tennis
each other
tofu
both
About English
practice
1.Bob and I have the hobby—reading.
2.This is my new friend, and his name is Peter Brown. Peter
is his name and Brown is his name.
3.The twins like eating noodles.
4.He is our neighbour. But we don’t know his name.
5.I to play basketball with my friends this afternoon.
same would like both full first last even
same
full
first
last
both
even
would rather
About English
practice
1.Mr. Lee is our who cares about us deeply.
2.We live in the city though from different countries.
3.Let me your new deskmate.
4.Canada is a beautiful with maple leaves.
5.The two brothers enjoy swimming.
both, country, get to know, same, class teacher
class teacher
same
get to know
country
both
About English
THE END
$$