Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（知识清单）英语人教版2019必修第二册

Unit 2 Wildlife Protection 一、词汇句型清单 阅读词汇 1.poster n. __________ 2.species n. __________ 3.shark n. __________ 4.fin n. __________ 5.prince n. __________ 6.whale n. __________ 7.antelope n. __________ 8.Tibetan antelope __________ 9.herd n. __________ 10.fur n. __________ 11.sacred adj. __________ 12.deer n. __________ 13.kangaroo n. __________ 14.insect n. __________ 15.net n. = Internet __________；adj. __________ 16.binoculars n. __________ 17.bird field guide __________ 18.dolphin n. __________ 19.Yangtze River Dolphin __________ 20.koala n. __________ 写作词汇 1.__________ n. 商品；货物 2.__________ adj. 由于；因为 3.__________ vt. & vi. (shot, shot) 射杀；射伤；发射 4.__________ n. 利润；利益 5.__________ adj. 大量的；广泛的；n. 大量；堆；群 6.__________ n. (动植物的) 生活环境；栖息地 7.__________ n. 皮；皮肤 8.__________ n. 官方；当权；权威 9.__________ adv. 立刻 10.__________ n. 平原；adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 11.__________ n. 压力；要求 12.__________ vt. 激发；搅动 13.__________ n. 生物；动物 14.__________ n., vi. & vt. 攻击；抨击 15.__________ adj. 居住的；活的；在用的；n. 生活；生计 16.__________ n. 平均数；平均水平；adj. 平均的；正常的；普通的 17.__________ n. (动植物) 保护区；储藏 (量)；vt. 预订；预留；保留 18.__________ n. 措施；方法；vt. 测量；度量；估量 19.__________ n. 临近的地方；街区 派生词 1.__________ adj. 不合法的；非法的→__________ adv. 不合法地；非法地→__________ adj. 合法的 2.__________ vt.& vi. 打猎；搜寻；追捕→__________ n. 猎人；搜寻者→__________ n. 打猎；狩猎 3.__________ vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 恐慌；警报；警报器→__________ adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的→__________ adj. 惊恐的；受惊的 4.__________ n. 速度；(比) 率 vt. 划分等级→__________ n. 等级；级别 5.__________ adj. 已灭绝的→__________ n. 灭绝 6.__________ adj. 知道；发觉；有…… 意识的→__________ n. 意识→__________ adj. 未发觉的；不知道的 7.__________ vt. 使遭受危险；危害→__________ adj. 濒危的→__________ n. 危险→__________ adj. 危险的 8.__________ vt. 涉及；让…… 担忧 n. 担心，忧虑→__________ adj. 担心的；关切的→__________ prep. 关于；涉及 9.__________ vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合→__________ n. 适应；改编本→__________ adj. 适应性强的；能适应的 10.__________ vt. 观察 (到); 注视；遵守→__________ n. 观察 11.__________ n. 美；美人；美好的东西→__________ adj. 美丽的；美好的→__________ vt. 美化 12.__________ vt. 提醒；使想起→__________ n. 提醒者；提醒物 13.__________ adj. 有效的；生效的→__________ n. 效果；影响→__________ vt. 影响；(疾病) 侵袭 14.__________ vi. 恢复；康复 vt. 找回；寻回→__________ n. 恢复 15.__________ vt. 去除；移开；脱去→__________ n. 移走；消除 16.__________ vi.& vt. 打算；计划；想要→__________ n. 用意；目的；意图 17.__________ n. 威胁→__________ vt. 威胁；危及 18.__________ vi. 存在；生存→__________ n. 存在；生存→__________ adj. 现存的；现有的 19.__________ n. 和谐；融洽→__________ adj. 和谐的 20.__________ n. 感情；情感；情绪→__________ adj. 情感的；情绪的 21.__________ adj. 特别的；不寻常的→__________ adj. 常见的；寻常的 短语 一、重点短语 1. __________ 究竟；到底（放于疑问词语之后表示强调） 1.__________ 适应​ 2.__________ 由于；因为​ 3.__________ 意识到；知道​ 4.__________ 使某人想起（类似的人或物）​ 5.__________ 激起；唤起​ 6.__________ 究竟；到底（放于疑问词语之后表示强调）​ 7.__________ 取得进步​ 8.__________ 看清；听清；分清​ 9.__________ 日日夜夜；夜以继日​ 10.__________ 平均​ 11.__________ 在压力下；承受压力​ 12.__________ 对…… 关切的；为…… 担忧的​ 13.__________ 灭绝；逐渐消失​ 14.__________ 保护；照管；监督​ 15.__________ 搜索；查找​ 二、课本必背词块 1.make profits __________​ 2.cut down __________​ 3.endangered species __________​ 4.place it under national protection __________​ 5.design a poster __________​ 6.a shelter for the animals and plants __________​ 7.protect these beautiful creatures __________​ 8.a herd of graceful animals __________​ 9.save this species from extinction __________​ 熟词生义 1. alarm 常见义项：n. 恐慌；警报；警报器 生义：vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The alarm from the antelopes certainly alarmed me.（藏羚羊发出的警报声无疑使我很惊恐。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The fire alarm went off, and everyone rushed out of the building.（火警响了，所有人都冲出了大楼。） ▶ 生义例句：The news of the war alarmed the people. 2. rate 常见义项：n. 比率 生义：vt. 划分等级 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：Now, the Tibetan antelope is rated as a species of “least concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).（现在，藏羚羊被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“低关注度”物种。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The unemployment rate has been rising steadily this year.（今年失业率一直在稳步上升。） ▶ 生义例句：The hotel is rated five - star. 3. concern 常见义项：n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 生义：vt. 涉及；让……担忧 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government is very concerned about this situation and has taken measures to protect them.（政府非常关注这种情况，并已采取措施保护它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Her main concern is the safety of her children.（她最关心的是孩子们的安全。） ▶ 生义例句：The news concerns your brother. 4. adapt 常见义项：vi. 适应 生义：vt. 使适应；使适合 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelopes have adapted to the cold and harsh environment of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau.（藏羚羊已经适应了青藏高原寒冷恶劣的环境。） ▶ 常见义项例句：It took her a long time to adapt to living alone.（她花了很长时间才适应独自生活。） ▶ 生义例句：The company adapted its products to the market demand. 5. reserve 常见义项：n. （动植物）保护区 生义：vt. 预订；预留；保留 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We are in a nature reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes.（我们在一个自然保护区观察藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：This area has been designated as a wildlife reserve.（这个地区已被指定为野生动物保护区。） ▶ 生义例句：You can reserve a seat on the train in advance. 6. observe 常见义项：vt. 观察到；注视 生义：vt. 遵守 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We should observe the rules of the nature reserve when we are watching the antelopes.（当我们观看藏羚羊时，我们应该遵守自然保护区的规定。） ▶ 常见义项例句：She spent hours observing the behavior of monkeys in the zoo.（她花了几个小时观察动物园里猴子的行为。） ▶ 生义例句：Everyone must observe the law. 7. beauty 常见义项：n. 美；美人 生义：n. 美好的东西 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：I was struck by their beauty.（我被它们的美丽所打动。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.（日落之美让我惊叹不已。） ▶ 生义例句：The sunset over the ocean is a real beauty. 8. measure 常见义项：n. 措施；方法 生义：vt. 测量；度量；估量 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government has taken effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.（政府已经采取了有效的措施来保护藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The new measures are aimed at reducing crime.（这些新措施旨在减少犯罪。） ▶ 生义例句：They measured the distance between the two points accurately. 9. press 常见义项：v. 按；压；挤 生义：n. 新闻界；记者们；报刊 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第18页阅读课文“THE RETURN OF THE MILU DEER”）：The Milu deer’s return to China also caught the attention of the international press.（麋鹿回归中国也引起了国际新闻界的关注。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Press the button firmly to start the machine.（用力按按钮启动机器。） ▶ 生义例句：The press plays an important role in spreading information. 10. plain 常见义项：n. 平原 生义：adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.（在我们面前的平原上，我们隐约可见一群优雅的动物。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The river flows through a vast plain.（这条河流经一片广阔的平原。） ▶ 生义例句：His explanation was plain and easy to understand. 11. shoot 常见义项：vt. & vi. 射杀；射伤 生义：vt. & vi. 发射 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：In the past, hunters used to shoot the antelopes for their fur.（过去，猎人们常常为了获取藏羚羊的皮毛而射杀它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Poachers were caught shooting elephants for their tusks.（偷猎者因射杀大象获取象牙而被抓。） ▶ 生义例句：The soldiers shot arrows at the enemy. 12. remove 常见义项：vt. 去除；移开 生义：vt. 脱去 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.（藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，并且在2015年6月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被移除 ） ▶ 常见义项例句：She used a cloth to remove the dirt from the table.（她用一块布擦掉桌子上的灰尘。） ▶ 生义例句：He removed his coat as soon as he entered the room. 13. reduce 常见义项：vt. 减少 生义：vt. 使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落（常用于reduce to结构） ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government calls on people to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect wildlife habitats.（政府呼吁人们减少塑料袋的使用，以保护野生动物栖息地。） ▶ 常见义项例句：We need to reduce our carbon footprint.（我们需要减少碳足迹。） ▶ 生义例句：The bad economic situation reduced many people to poverty. 句型 · 句型公式1.This is why ...这是……的原因 【教材原句】： This is ______ we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.（出自教材第 16 页阅读课文 “A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） （2021 年浙江卷 语法填空）My mother is a hardworking woman. She has been working in a factory since she was 18. Every morning, she gets up at 5:30 to prepare breakfast for us. After work, she always does housework until late at night. This is ______ I respect her so much. · 句型公式2.“Only＋状语”置于句首的部分倒装 【教材原句】： Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.（出自教材第 17页阅读课文 “A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） （2016 年全国卷 II）Only when Lily walked into the office ______ she realize that she had left the contract at home. · 句型公式3.When it comes to (doing) sth 当谈及……时 【教材原句】： When it comes to wildlife protection, all species — the good, the bad, and the ugly — should be treated equally.（出自教材第 20 页Reading for Writing部分的标题为 "Give Ugly a Chance!"海报1） （2021 年浙江卷）When it comes to ______ (speak) in public, no one can match him. 语法 现在进行时的被动语态 （1） 词形转换语境填空练习 1.（legal）It is ________ to hunt endangered animals. Those who hunt ________ will be punished by law. Everyone should abide by ________ regulations. 2.（hunt）The ________ went ________ in the forest early in the morning. He is an experienced ________ who knows how to track animals. 3.（alarm）The sudden fire caused great ________. The ________ sound made people feel ________, and the ________ situation required immediate action. 4.（rate）The ________ of unemployment has been rising. The government plans to ________ the job market situation and take measures to improve it, aiming for a better ________ of employment. 5.（extinct）Many species have become ________ due to human activities. The ________ of these species is a great loss to the ecosystem. 6.（aware）We should be ________ of the importance of protecting the environment. Raising public ________ is crucial, and no one should be ________ of their responsibilities. 7.（danger）Human activities ________ many wild animals. These ________ species are facing great ________ in their natural habitats, as the environment has become ________ for them. 8.（concern）The issue ________ everyone. We are all ________ about it, and there are many reports ________ the possible solutions. 9.（adapt）Animals need time to ________ to new environments. Their ________ ability is amazing, and some ________ creatures can survive in harsh conditions. 10.（observe）Scientists ________ the behavior of animals for years. Their ________ have helped us understand animal habits better. 11.（beauty）The ________ of nature is incomparable. We should protect the ________ scenery and ________ our living environment. 12.（remind）This photo ________ me of my childhood. It serves as a ________ of the happy times I spent with my family. 13.（effect）This new policy has an ________ on the economy. It is expected to ________ a change in the market, and it will ________ people's lives in many ways. 14.（recover）He is trying to ________ from his illness. His ________ has been slow but steady, and everyone hopes he can ________ fully soon. 15.（remove）We need to ________ the obstacles in our way. The ________ of these problems will help us move forward smoothly. 16.（intend）They ________ to start a new project. Their ________ is to help those in need, and they have made detailed plans according to their ________. 17.（threat）The ________ to the environment is growing. Some factors ________ the balance of nature, and we must take action to deal with these ________. 18.（exist）Many rare animals ________ in this area. Their ________ depends on the protection of the environment, and we should protect these ________ species. 19.（harmony）We should live in ________ with nature. A ________ relationship between humans and nature is essential for sustainable development. 20.（emotion）His ________ speech moved everyone. He is a very ________ person who always shows his true feelings. 21.（usual）It is ________ to see such a phenomenon in this season. What is ________ is that it has lasted for a long time, which is different from the ________ situation. （2） 选用以下方框内的短语填空，使句子意思合理完整。 adapt to, due to, be aware of, remind sb of, stir up, on earth, make progress, make out, day and night, on average, under pressure, be concerned about, die out, watch over, search for 1. The old customs are gradually starting to _______ as young people adopt new lifestyles. 2. Scientists have been working _______ to find a cure for the rare disease that has affected many people. 3. Parents always _______ their children's safety when they are out playing with friends. 4. It's important for everyone to _______ the impact of climate change on our daily lives. 5. The teacher's encouraging words _______ the students to work harder and achieve better results. 6. Many animals are in danger of _______ because their natural habitats are being destroyed. 7. She has been trying hard to _______ the new environment since she moved to this city last month. 8. The security guard's main job is to _______ the building and ensure no strangers enter without permission. 9. What _______ do you think is the most important factor for a successful relationship? 10. _______, a person needs to drink at least eight glasses of water every day to stay healthy. 11. The delay of the flight was _______ bad weather conditions in the area. 12. The rescue team has been sent to _______ survivors in the mountainous region after the heavy snowstorm. 13. Children often _______ their parents of their own childhood memories when they see old photos. 14. He was _______ from his boss to finish the project before the end of the week, so he had to work overtime. 15. In the dim light, it was difficult to _______ the writing on the old stone tablet. 二、知识点精讲 1. reduce v. 减少；降低；使陷入（更坏境地） 【教材原句】： The government calls on people to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect wildlife habitats.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1)reduce to ...　 降至…… reduce by ... 减少了…… (2)reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默 be reduced to ... 沦落为……;减少到…… ①　(2020年全国卷Ⅲ改编) We need to take measures to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. ②　(2018年江苏卷改编) The number of cars on the road has been reduced by 30% since the new policy was carried out. ③　(2017年全国卷Ⅰ改编) The long drought reduced the river to a small stream. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：To promote environmental protection, our school suggests students reduce the use of disposable products and bring their own tableware.（为推进环保，我校建议学生减少一次性用品使用，自带餐具。） - 读后续写：As the blizzard intensified, the team had to reduce their speed, carefully stepping through the snow to avoid getting lost.（随着暴风雪加剧，队伍不得不放慢速度，小心翼翼地在雪中前行以防迷路。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　We should try our best to ______ (减少) the waste we produce every day. ②　The price of this product has been ______ (reduce) by 20% during the promotion. ③　The bad weather ______ (reduce) the harvest to half of what it was last year. 2. concern n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 vt. 涉及；让……担忧 【教材原句】： The government is very concerned about this situation and has taken measures to protect them.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1)show/express concern about/for对……表示关心/担心 (2)concerned adj. 担心的;关切的 be concerned about/for 担心…;关心…… be concerned with 与……有关;涉及 as far as ...be concerned 就……而言 (3)concerning prep. 关于;有关 ①　(2021年全国卷乙改编) People are increasingly concerned about the impact of climate change on their lives. ②　(2019年北京卷改编) As far as I'm concerned, it's important to balance work and rest. ③　(2018年浙江卷改编) The teacher showed great concern for the students' mental health. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Our club is deeply concerned about the living conditions of left-behind children and plans to organize a volunteer activity next month.（我俱乐部深切关注留守儿童生活状况，计划下月组织志愿活动。） - 读后续写：Seeing the little bird fall from the nest, the girl's face was filled with concern, and she gently picked it up to check for injuries.（看到小鸟从巢中掉落，女孩满脸关切，轻轻将其捧起检查伤势。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Her parents have expressed their ______ (担忧) about her safety. ②　The whole society should be ______ (concern) about the education of children in poor areas. ③　______ (concern) your request, we will discuss it at the next meeting. 3. alarm n. 恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 【教材原句】： The alarm from the antelopes certainly alarmed me.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - raise the alarm 发出警报 (2) - in alarm 惊恐地 (3) - alarm sb about sth 因某事使某人担忧 ①　(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷改编) The sudden fire alarmed all the people in the building, and they evacuated quickly. ②　(2019年天津卷改编) The news that the disease was spreading raised public alarm. ③　(2017年全国卷Ⅱ改编) She looked at me in alarm when I told her the bad news. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：We regret to inform you that the sudden storm has alarmed us to postpone the outdoor picnic scheduled this weekend.（抱歉通知，突发暴雨使我们不得不推迟本周末的户外野餐。） - 读后续写：The strange noise from the dark forest alarmed the hikers, who immediately turned on their flashlights and huddled together.（黑暗森林里的奇怪声响让徒步者们惊恐不已，他们立刻打开手电筒紧紧靠在一起。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　The ______ (警报) went off when the thief broke into the house. ②　The parents were ______ (alarm) by their child's sudden disappearance. ③　The doctor ______ (alarm) us about the dangers of smoking. 4. rate n. 比率；速度；等级 vt. 划分等级；评价 【教材原句】： Now, the Tibetan antelope is rated as a species of “least concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - at a...rate 以……的速度 (2) - birth rate 出生率 (3) - rate...as... 把……评为…… ①　(2021年浙江卷改编) The country's economic growth rate has remained stable in recent years. ②　(2020年全国卷Ⅱ改编) This hotel is rated as one of the best in the city. ③　(2018年全国卷Ⅲ改编) The car was moving at a high rate of speed on the highway. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：The library aims to increase the book renewal rate by simplifying the online operation process for readers.（图书馆计划通过简化读者线上操作流程提高图书续借率。） - 读后续写：The runner maintained a steady rate, overtaking one competitor after another in the last lap of the race.（赛跑者保持稳定速度，在比赛最后一圈接连超越对手。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　The unemployment ______ (比率) in this area has dropped by 5% this year. ②　This film is ______ (rate) highly by both critics and audiences. ③　The water is evaporating at a ______ (surprise) rate in the hot weather. 5. extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 【教材原句】： In order to prevent this species from dying out, the Chinese government placed it under national protection and set up three nature reserves.（“dying out”与“becoming extinct”意思相近，出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - become extinct 灭绝；绝种 (2) - extinct species 灭绝的物种 (3) - drive...to extinction 使……濒临灭绝 ①　(2021年全国卷甲改编) Many animals have become extinct because of habitat destruction. ②　(2019年江苏卷改编) Human activities are driving some rare species to extinction. ③　(2018年北京卷改编) Scientists are trying to protect the endangered animals from becoming extinct. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Our museum will hold an exhibition on extinct species next week, aiming to arouse public awareness of wildlife protection.（我馆下周将举办灭绝物种展览，旨在唤起公众野生动物保护意识。） - 读后续写：Staring at the fossil of the extinct dinosaur, the little boy's eyes widened with curiosity, imagining what the ancient creature looked like.（盯着这具灭绝恐龙的化石，小男孩好奇地睁大双眼，想象着这种远古生物的模样。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Dinosaurs have been ______ (濒危的) for millions of years. ②　The ______ (extinct) of this plant is a great loss to the biological diversity. ③　We must take measures to stop the illegal hunting that is driving these animals to ______ (extinct). 6. endanger vt. 使遭受危险；危害 【教材原句】： The Tibetan antelope is one of the most endangered animals in the world.（结合单元主题及常见表述，类似句子可参考教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”中关于藏羚羊濒危状况的描述） (1) - endanger one's life 危及某人的生命 (2) - endangered species 濒危物种 (3) - be endangered by 受到……的危害 ①　(2020年全国卷Ⅰ改编) The oil spill endangered a large number of marine creatures. ②　(2019年全国卷Ⅲ改编) Many endangered species are facing the threat of extinction. ③　(2017年浙江卷改编) Cutting down too many trees will endanger the ecological balance. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：The local government warns that excessive use of pesticides will endanger the ecological balance of the farmland.（当地政府警示，过量使用农药会危害农田生态平衡。） - 读后续写：The sudden flood endangered the villagers' lives, so the rescue team rushed to build a temporary shelter.（突发洪水危及村民生命，救援队紧急赶去搭建临时避难所。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Pollution from the factory is ______ (endanger) the health of local residents. ②　We should do our best to protect ______ (endanger) animals. ③　His reckless behavior may ______ (危害) the safety of the entire team. 7. adapt vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合 【教材原句】： The antelopes have adapted to the cold and harsh environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1)adapt (oneself) to　　使……适应于 adapt sth from 根据……改编某物 be adapted for 为……而改写/改编 (2)adaptable adj. 能适应的;可修改的 adaptation n. 适应;改编;改写本 ①　(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷改编) It takes time for a new student to adapt to the new school life. ②　(2020年江苏卷改编) He quickly adapted himself to the new working environment. ③　(2018年全国卷Ⅰ改编) This novel has been adapted for a film. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：International students are advised to attend the orientation to adapt to the new academic environment quickly.（建议国际学生参加迎新会，以便快速适应新的学术环境。） - 读后续写：Thrown into the unfamiliar jungle, the explorer had to adapt to the harsh conditions by learning to identify edible plants.（被抛入陌生丛林，探险家不得不通过学习辨认可食用植物来适应恶劣环境。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Children are usually quick to ______ (适应) to new surroundings. ②　She has to ______ (调整) herself to living with her new roommates. ③　This play is an ______ (adapt) of a famous novel. 8. reserve n. （动植物）保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留 【教材原句】： We are in a nature reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes.（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - nature reserve 自然保护区 (2) - in reserve 备用；储备 (3) - reserve sth for 为……预留某物 ①　(2021年全国卷乙改编) The local government has set up a new nature reserve to protect wild animals. ②　(2020年浙江卷改编) I'd like to reserve a table for two at your restaurant this evening. ③　(2019年全国卷Ⅱ改编) We keep some money in reserve in case of emergencies. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Please reserve a seat for me at the environmental protection lecture, as I am very interested in the topic.（请为我预留一个环保讲座的座位，我对该主题十分感兴趣。） - 读后续写：While patrolling the nature reserve, the ranger found a wounded deer and carefully carried it to the rescue station.（在自然保护区巡逻时，护林员发现一只受伤的鹿，小心翼翼地将其送往救助站。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　This area has been designated as a wildlife ______ (reserve). ②　Please ______ (reserve) two tickets for the concert for me. ③　We have a ______ (reserve) of food and water in case of natural disasters. 9. effective adj. 有效的；起作用的；实际的 【教材原句】： The government has taken effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - effective measures 有效措施 (2) - be effective in 在……方面有效 (3) - effect n.影响，效果 have an effect on 对……有影响 ①　(2021年全国卷甲改编) Regular exercise is effective in improving one's physical health. ②　(2020年全国卷Ⅲ改编) The new policy has proved to be an effective way to reduce traffic jams. ③　(2019年浙江卷改编) We need to take effective action to deal with the environmental problems. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：The school has adopted effective methods to improve students' reading ability, such as setting up a reading club.（学校采取了有效方法提高学生阅读能力，如成立读书俱乐部。） - 读后续写：The doctor's effective first aid stopped the bleeding, giving the injured climber a chance to survive until the ambulance arrived.（医生有效的急救止住了出血，让受伤的登山者得以撑到救护车到来。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　This medicine is ______ (effect) in treating a cold than that one. ②　The government has taken a series of ______ (effect) measures to control the spread of the disease. ③　It is important to find an ______ (effect) method to learn English well. 10. harmony n. 和谐；融洽；一致 【教材原句】： We should live in harmony with nature.（结合单元主题“野生动物保护”体现的人与自然和谐相处理念，类似表述可参考单元相关语境） (1) - in harmony with 与……和谐相处 (2) - live in harmony 和睦相处 (3) - social harmony 社会和谐 harmonious adj. 和谐的 ①　(2021年北京卷改编) It is important for us to live in harmony with all living things on the earth. ②　(2020年江苏卷改编) The family lives in perfect harmony. ③　(2018年全国卷Ⅱ改编) Promoting social harmony is one of the important goals of our country. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Our community will hold a "Neighborhood Festival" to promote harmony among residents through various interactive activities.（我社区将举办“邻里节”，通过多样互动活动促进居民间的和谐。） - 读后续写：The villagers lived in harmony with the forest animals, sharing food with the monkeys and sheltering the birds in winter.（村民们与森林动物和谐共处，给猴子分享食物，在冬天为鸟类提供庇护。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　We should try to keep ______ (和谐) with our neighbors. ②　The ______ (harmony) relationship between teachers and students is beneficial to teaching and learning. ③　Everyone should make efforts to build a society of ______ (和谐). （一）词汇检测 根据句子的上下文及所给的中文提示，写出符合句意的单词，每空限填一词。 1.The children put up ____________ （海报） on the classroom walls. 2.It is ____________ (非法） to operate an unregistered vehicle on the road. 3.The room ____________（测量） 5 x 7 metres in total. 4.Over 200 ____________ (种类) of bird inhabit this nature reserve. 5.Please hand over any suspicious items to the ____________（当局） at once. 6.She was ____________ （划分等级） among the top students in her class. 7.A sudden storm ____________（搅动） the calm surface of the lake. 8.These old coins are of great historical ____________（价值）. 9.The ____________（猎人) set traps to catch wild animals in the forest. 10.He tried not to ____________ （使担心） his parents with his financial problems. 11.The new policy will come into effect ____________ （立即） next week. 12.Dinosaurs have been ____________ （灭绝） for over 65 million years. 13.This thermometer is used to ____________（测量） the temperature of liquids. 14.The ____________（平均的） age of the students in the class is 16. 15.Her performance in the exam was far above ____________（平均水平）. 16.The ____________（栖息地） of pandas is being destroyed by deforestation. 17.____________（大量） of waste are dumped into the river every day. 18.The children decorated the classroom with colorful ____________ （海报）. 19.It ____________（让... 担忧） her that her son hadn't called for days. 20.Only a few ____________（活着的） witnesses remain from that event. 21.Many rare plants are now facing ____________（灭绝） due to climate change. 22.He earns his ____________（生计） by working as a part-time driver. 23.The machine can ____________（度量） the thickness of the material accurately. 24.She is a world-famous ____________（权威） on ancient Egyptian history. 25.The president holds the ____________（权威） to sign new laws. 26.Internet users who ____________ (非法） share copyrighted files may be fined. 27.Car ____________ (警报） often ring loudly in the neighborhood at night. 28.They ____________（庆祝） their anniversary with a romantic dinner. 29.The ____________（纯的） gold necklace is worth at least $2,000. 30.We need to ____________（减少） the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 31.A strong speech can ____________（激发） people to work together for a cause. 32.The African lion is now listed as an ____________ （濒危的） species. 33.He ____________（威胁） to quit his job if his demands weren't met. 34.Do we need to ____________（预订） seats for the concert in advance? 35.The ____________（街区） where they live is quiet and peaceful. 36.She managed to ____________（恢复） from her illness after months of treatment. 37.Police have ____________（找回） most of the stolen jewelry from the robbery. 38.These ____________（商品） are imported from several European countries. 39.All living ____________（生物） have the right to exist on this planet. 40.The ____________（皮） of this animal is used to make high-quality leather goods. 41.It's ____________（不寻常） for him to refuse such a good offer. 42.The ____________（平原） stretches for miles in all directions. 43.Children learn through ____________（观察） and imitating adults' behavior. 44.The ____________（速度） of the train reached 200 kilometers per hour. 45.You must ____________（遵守） the rules of the school at all times. 46.Their company has a poor credit ____________（等级） in the market. 47.He is one of the most talented ____________（活着的） musicians in the country. 48.The ____________（货物） will be shipped to the destination next Monday. 49.She is busy ____________（使适合） the novel into a stage play recently. 50.Many ____________（昆虫） are beneficial to farmers by eating pests. 51.The fishermen repaired their broken ____________（网） before going out to sea. 52.The ____________（惊人的） growth of the city has caused many problems. 53.They were ____________（打猎） for their rare feathers and bones. 54.The ____________（临近的地方） of the factory is heavily polluted. 55.Global warming ____________（威胁） the survival of polar bears. 56.This area is known for its natural ____________（美景） and clean air. 57.You should never give in to ____________（压力） from bad influences. 58.Some species can only ____________（生存） in specific climate conditions. 59.Wildlife ____________（保护区） provide safe homes for endangered animals. 60.In the past, people ____________（射杀） whales for their meat and oil. （二）课文综合语法填空练习 Early in the morning, we set off to observe giant pandas in the Qinling Mountains. The air was fresh, and the sound of birds singing 1.________ (immediate) lifted our spirits. On the path from the camp, we passed through thick forests 2.________ bamboo grows abundantly. 3.________ the valley below, a few pandas could be seen moving slowly among the bamboo. This is exactly why we came—4.________ (study) their living habits. Giant pandas, once listed as 5.________ (endanger) species, face threats from habitat loss and 6.________(legal) hunting for their fur. Our guide, Li Wei, has worked in the nature reserve for over 10 years. He told us that in the 1990s, their population dropped sharply 7.________ more than 30 percent. "Back then, their habitats were getting smaller 8.________ roads and farms took over the land," he said, 9.________(point) to a newly planted bamboo area. "But things have changed." Effective 10.________ (measure) have been taken: nature reserves were built, and volunteers patrol day and night to keep pandas safe from 11.________ (attack). Illegal hunters 12.________ (punish) strictly, and bamboo forests are being restored. 13.________ (recent), local villagers have also joined in the protection efforts, which has sped up the recovery. As a result, the panda population 14.________ (recover) gradually over the past two decades, 15.________ some have even been moved to new habitats. "Protecting pandas isn't just about saving one species," Li Wei added. "It's about keeping the balance of nature. 16.________ we continue to care for them, we'll live 17.________harmony with all wildlife here." By afternoon, we left the mountains, feeling hopeful. The key to 18.________ (save) animals, we realized, lies in human action—and it 19.________(exist) in every small effort we make. 三、语法清单 现在进行时的被动语态 【感知·语法规律】 （一）教材原文感知 1. "Our classroom is being cleaned by the students now." 主语"classroom"是动作"clean"的承受者，结构为"is being cleaned"，表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作。 2. "A new library is being built in our school this term." 主语"library"是动作"build"的承受者，结构为"is being built"，表示现阶段（本学期）正在进行的被动动作。 3. "The letters are being typed by the secretary when I passed by." 主语"letters"是动作"type"的承受者，结构为"are being typed"，强调过去某一刻正在进行的被动动作（与when引导的时间状语呼应）。 （二）高考真题感知 1.（2024年全国卷改编）Look! The old temple ______ (restore) by the workers. 2.（2023年新高考卷改编）A new bridge ______ over the river now, and it will be completed next month. A. is building B. is being built C. built D. was built 3.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空改编）The meeting room ______ (decorate) now, so we have to change our meeting place. 4.（2021年新高考Ⅰ卷改编）—Why can't we enter the lab? —Because some important experiments ______ (carry) out there. 5.（2020年江苏卷改编）The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting now, so please keep quiet. 【精讲·语法知识】 （一）构成详解 现在进行时的被动语态核心是"强调动作正在被进行"，结构需同时体现"现在进行时"和"被动语态"的特征： 1.- 基础结构：am/is/are + being + 过去分词 第一人称单数（I）：I am being + 过去分词（例：I am being interviewed now.） 第三人称单数（he/she/it）：is being + 过去分词（例：The dog is being trained.） 复数（we/you/they）：are being + 过去分词（例：They are being praised by the teacher.） 2.- 否定式：在be动词后加not（例：The project is not being delayed.） 3.- 疑问式：将be动词提前（例：Is the machine being checked?） （二）用法分类 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作 强调"说话瞬间动作正在被执行"，常与now, look, at the moment等时间状语连用。 例句：The window is being cleaned by Tom at the moment.（汤姆此刻正在擦窗户。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The new road ______ (build) by the workers. They work from morning to evening these days. A. is being built B. is built C. was being built 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作 动作不一定在说话瞬间正在进行，但在当前一段时间内持续进行。 例句：A new subway line is being built in our city.（我们城市正在修建一条新地铁线路。）（可能不是此刻正在挖，但这一阶段持续进行） 3. 用于祈使句或警告语境 强调"正在被进行的动作需注意"。 例句：Don't touch the equipment—it's being tested.（别碰设备，它正在被测试。） 典例：判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 Don't enter the room. Some important things are discussed. 4. 与情态动词连用 表示"情态动词+正在被..."，结构为"情态动词 + be being + 过去分词"。 例句：The issue must be being discussed at the meeting.（这个问题一定正在会议上被讨论。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The matter ______ (must, handle) right now. A. must handle B. must be handling C. must be being handled （三）特殊注意事项 1. 仅适用于及物动词 不及物动词（如happen, appear, come等）无被动语态，不可用于现在进行时的被动。 ✘ 错误：A accident is being happened. ✔ 正确：An accident is happening. 典例：选择正确的句子。 A. A strange event is being occurred in the village. B. A strange event is occurring in the village. 典例：“延续性动词的正确使用”判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 The old man is being died in the hospital. 2. being不可省略 省略being会变成一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词），语义完全不同。 现在进行时被动：The house is being painted.（房子正在被粉刷。） 一般现在时被动：The house is painted every year.（房子每年被粉刷。） 典例：判断句子表达的意思是否相同，不同的请说明。 ① The car is repaired by the mechanic. ② The car is being repaired by the mechanic. 3. 不与短暂性动词连用 短暂性动词（如finish, start, die等）表示瞬间动作，无法"正在被进行"。 ✘ 错误：The work is being finished. ✔ 正确：The work is being done.（用延续性动词do替代） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The project ______ (finish) by the team, so please wait for a moment. A. is being finished B. is being done C. was finished （1） 单句填空 1. These old photos ______ (sort) by my grandmother now, so don't disturb her. 2. A new song ______ (sing) by the singer in the studio at the moment, and it sounds great. 3. The problem ______ (talk) about by the experts, but they haven't reached an agreement yet. （2） 选项填空 1. “与一般过去时被动语态的区分” The bridge ______ (repair) when the storm came last night. A. is being repaired B. was being repaired C. was repaired 2. “与现在完成时被动语态的区分” The house ______ (paint) since last week, and it's still not done. A. is being painted B. has been painted C. has been being painted 3. “多主语时的主谓一致” A new school and a library ______ (build) in our town now. A. is being built B. are being built C. was being built （3） 翻译句子 1. 这家工厂的旧设备正在被先进的机器人取代。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. 现在，一场关于环境保护的重要会议正在市政厅被举行。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这些珍贵的文物正在被专家们小心地修复，预计下个月完成。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 四、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 与本单元野生动物保护相关的写作，常见体裁有倡议书、说明文、记叙文等。写作时要明确写作对象和写作意图，语言需简洁有力且富有感染力，逻辑清晰地表达观点或叙述事件。具体结构可参考： 1. 开头：引出野生动物保护相关话题，如说明写倡议书是为了号召大家保护野生动物，或介绍说明文、记叙文的主题是某野生动物的生存状况等。 2. 主体：详细阐述与野生动物保护相关的内容，如野生动物的生存现状、面临的威胁、保护的意义和具体措施，或者某野生动物的生活习性、遭遇的困境等。 3. 结尾：总结全文，发出呼吁（如呼吁大家共同守护野生动物），或表达对野生动物未来的期望等。 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 1.开头常用语 (1)It's my pleasure to write this proposal/essay/narration about wildlife protection... 我很乐意写这篇关于野生动物保护的倡议书/说明文/记叙文…… (2)These days, the issue of wildlife protection has aroused widespread concern among people. 如今，野生动物保护问题已引起人们的广泛关注。 2.主体部分常用语 (1)Wildlife, as an important part of the ecosystem, is of great significance to maintaining ecological balance. 野生动物作为生态系统的重要组成部分，对维持生态平衡具有重要意义。 (2)Unfortunately, a large number of wild animals are in danger of extinction due to illegal hunting, habitat destruction and other factors. 不幸的是，由于非法捕猎、栖息地破坏等因素，大量野生动物正面临灭绝的危险。 (3)There are many effective ways to protect wild animals. 有许多保护野生动物的有效方法。 3.结尾常用语 (1)In a word, protecting wild animals is protecting ourselves, and we should make unremitting efforts for it. 总之，保护野生动物就是保护我们自己，我们应为其不懈努力。 (2) Let's work together to create a harmonious home for both humans and wild animals. 让我们共同努力，为人类和野生动物创造一个和谐的家园。 相关词汇 wildlife 野生动物 ecosystem 生态系统 extinction 灭绝 habitat 栖息地 illegal hunting 非法捕猎 protect 保护 conserve 保存；保护 survive 生存 threat 威胁 endanger 危害 measure 措施 effort 努力 balance 平衡 【示例·分步写作】 假设你是学生会主席，学校将举办一场“野生动物保护”主题活动，请你写一份倡议书，号召全校同学积极参与。内容包括： 1. 活动的时间、地点和主要形式； 2. 举办该活动的目的； 3. 呼吁同学们参与的理由。 注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, As the chairman of the Student Union, I am writing to call on all of you to take part in the activity themed"Wildlife Protection" to be held in our school. 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 倡议书 人称 以第一、第二人称为主 时态 主要时态应用一般将来时（介绍活动情况），一般现在时（说明目的和理由） 框架 第一段：开篇表明身份并引出活动，发出参与号召。第二段：详细介绍活动的时间、地点、主要形式以及举办目的。 第三段：阐述呼吁同学们参与的理由。 第二步：要点翻译 1. 下周六上午，“野生动物保护”主题活动将在学校操场举行。(hold) Next Saturday morning, the activity themed"Wildlife Protection" ____________________ in the school playground. 2. 活动将包括知识讲座、图片展览和互动讨论等形式。(include) The activity ____________________ lectures, picture exhibitions and interactive discussions. 3. 举办这次活动是为了提高同学们的野生动物保护意识。(aim to) This activity ____________________ raise students' awareness of wildlife protection. 4. 野生动物的生存与我们的生活息息相关。(be closely related to) The survival of wild animals ____________________ our life. 5. 参与此次活动能让我们学到更多保护野生动物的知识。(enable) Participating in this activity ____________________ us to learn more knowledge about protecting wild animals. 第三步：词句升级 1. 用非限制性定语从句合并句1和句2 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 用 not only...but also... 结构合并句4和句5 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四步：连句成篇 Dear fellow students, As the chairman of the Student Union, I am writing to call on all of you to take part in the activity themed"Wildlife Protection" to be held in our school. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union [Date] 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 Wildlife Protection 一、词汇句型清单 阅读词汇 1.poster n.海报 2.species n.物种 3.shark n.鲨鱼 4.fin n.(鱼的) 鳍 5.prince n.王子；王孙；亲王 6.whale n.鲸 7.antelope n.羚；羚类动物 8.Tibetan antelope藏羚羊 9.herd n.牧群；兽群 10.fur n.毛 (皮)；毛皮衣服 11.sacred adj.神圣的；受尊敬的 12.deer n.鹿 13.kangaroo n.袋鼠 14.insect n.昆虫 15.net n. = Internet网；adj.净得的；纯的 16.binoculars n.双筒望远镜 17.bird field guide鸟类图鉴 18.dolphin n.海豚 19.Yangtze River Dolphin白鱀豚 20.koala n.树袋熊；考拉 写作词汇 1.goods n. 商品；货物 2.due adj. 由于；因为 3.shoot vt. & vi. (shot, shot) 射杀；射伤；发射 4.profit n. 利润；利益 5.mass adj. 大量的；广泛的；n. 大量；堆；群 6.habitat n. (动植物的) 生活环境；栖息地 7.skin n. 皮；皮肤 8.authority n. 官方；当权；权威 9.immediately adv. 立刻 10.plain n. 平原；adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 11.pressure n. 压力；要求 12.stir vt. 激发；搅动 13.creature n. 生物；动物 14.attack n., vi. & vt. 攻击；抨击 15.living adj. 居住的；活的；在用的；n. 生活；生计 16.average n. 平均数；平均水平；adj. 平均的；正常的；普通的 17.reserve n. (动植物) 保护区；储藏 (量)；vt. 预订；预留；保留 18.measure n. 措施；方法；vt. 测量；度量；估量 19.neighbourhood n. 临近的地方；街区 派生词 1.illegal adj. 不合法的；非法的→illegally adv. 不合法地；非法地→legal adj. 合法的 2.hunt vt.& vi. 打猎；搜寻；追捕→hunter n. 猎人；搜寻者→hunting n. 打猎；狩猎 3.alarm vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n. 恐慌；警报；警报器→alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarmed adj. 惊恐的；受惊的 4.rate n. 速度；(比) 率 vt. 划分等级→rating n. 等级；级别 5.extinct adj. 已灭绝的→extinction n. 灭绝 6.aware adj. 知道；发觉；有…… 意识的→awareness n. 意识→unaware adj. 未发觉的；不知道的 7.endanger vt. 使遭受危险；危害→endangered adj. 濒危的→danger n. 危险→dangerous adj. 危险的 8.concern vt. 涉及；让…… 担忧 n. 担心，忧虑→concerned adj. 担心的；关切的→concerning prep. 关于；涉及 9.adapt vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合→adaptation n. 适应；改编本→adaptable adj. 适应性强的；能适应的 10.observe vt. 观察 (到); 注视；遵守→observation n. 观察 11.beauty n. 美；美人；美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的；美好的→beautify vt. 美化 12.remind vt. 提醒；使想起→reminder n. 提醒者；提醒物 13.effective adj. 有效的；生效的→effect n. 效果；影响→affect vt. 影响；(疾病) 侵袭 14.recover vi. 恢复；康复 vt. 找回；寻回→recovery n. 恢复 15.remove vt. 去除；移开；脱去→removal n. 移走；消除 16.intend vi.& vt. 打算；计划；想要→intention n. 用意；目的；意图 17.threat n. 威胁→threaten vt. 威胁；危及 18.exist vi. 存在；生存→existence n. 存在；生存→existing adj. 现存的；现有的 19.harmony n. 和谐；融洽→harmonious adj. 和谐的 20.emotion n. 感情；情感；情绪→emotional adj. 情感的；情绪的 21.unusual adj. 特别的；不寻常的→usual adj. 常见的；寻常的 短语 一、重点短语 1.adapt to 适应 2.due to 由于；因为 3.be aware of 意识到；知道 4.remind sb of 使某人想起（类似的人或物） 5.stir up 激起；唤起 6.on earth 究竟；到底（放于疑问词语之后表示强调） 7.make progress 取得进步 8.make out 看清；听清；分清 9.day and night 日日夜夜；夜以继日 10.on average 平均 11.under pressure 在压力下；承受压力 12.be concerned about 对…… 关切的；为…… 担忧的 13.die out 灭绝；逐渐消失 14.watch over 保护；照管；监督 15.search for 搜索；查找 二、课本必背词块 1.make profits 获利 2.cut down 砍倒 3.endangered species 濒危物种 4.place it under national protection 将其置于国家保护之下 5.design a poster 设计海报 6.a shelter for the animals and plants 动植物的庇护所 7.protect these beautiful creatures 保护这些美丽的生物 8.a herd of graceful animals 一群优雅的动物 9.save this species from extinction 拯救该物种免于灭绝 熟词生义 1. alarm 常见义项：n. 恐慌；警报；警报器 生义：vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The alarm from the antelopes certainly alarmed me.（藏羚羊发出的警报声无疑使我很惊恐。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The fire alarm went off, and everyone rushed out of the building.（火警响了，所有人都冲出了大楼。） ▶ 生义例句：The news of the war alarmed the people. 2. rate 常见义项：n. 比率 生义：vt. 划分等级 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：Now, the Tibetan antelope is rated as a species of “least concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).（现在，藏羚羊被国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）评为“低关注度”物种。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The unemployment rate has been rising steadily this year.（今年失业率一直在稳步上升。） ▶ 生义例句：The hotel is rated five - star. 3. concern 常见义项：n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 生义：vt. 涉及；让……担忧 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government is very concerned about this situation and has taken measures to protect them.（政府非常关注这种情况，并已采取措施保护它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Her main concern is the safety of her children.（她最关心的是孩子们的安全。） ▶ 生义例句：The news concerns your brother. 4. adapt 常见义项：vi. 适应 生义：vt. 使适应；使适合 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelopes have adapted to the cold and harsh environment of the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau.（藏羚羊已经适应了青藏高原寒冷恶劣的环境。） ▶ 常见义项例句：It took her a long time to adapt to living alone.（她花了很长时间才适应独自生活。） ▶ 生义例句：The company adapted its products to the market demand. 5. reserve 常见义项：n. （动植物）保护区 生义：vt. 预订；预留；保留 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We are in a nature reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes.（我们在一个自然保护区观察藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：This area has been designated as a wildlife reserve.（这个地区已被指定为野生动物保护区。） ▶ 生义例句：You can reserve a seat on the train in advance. 6. observe 常见义项：vt. 观察到；注视 生义：vt. 遵守 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：We should observe the rules of the nature reserve when we are watching the antelopes.（当我们观看藏羚羊时，我们应该遵守自然保护区的规定。） ▶ 常见义项例句：She spent hours observing the behavior of monkeys in the zoo.（她花了几个小时观察动物园里猴子的行为。） ▶ 生义例句：Everyone must observe the law. 7. beauty 常见义项：n. 美；美人 生义：n. 美好的东西 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：I was struck by their beauty.（我被它们的美丽所打动。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.（日落之美让我惊叹不已。） ▶ 生义例句：The sunset over the ocean is a real beauty. 8. measure 常见义项：n. 措施；方法 生义：vt. 测量；度量；估量 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government has taken effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.（政府已经采取了有效的措施来保护藏羚羊。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The new measures are aimed at reducing crime.（这些新措施旨在减少犯罪。） ▶ 生义例句：They measured the distance between the two points accurately. 9. press 常见义项：v. 按；压；挤 生义：n. 新闻界；记者们；报刊 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第18页阅读课文“THE RETURN OF THE MILU DEER”）：The Milu deer’s return to China also caught the attention of the international press.（麋鹿回归中国也引起了国际新闻界的关注。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Press the button firmly to start the machine.（用力按按钮启动机器。） ▶ 生义例句：The press plays an important role in spreading information. 10. plain 常见义项：n. 平原 生义：adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.（在我们面前的平原上，我们隐约可见一群优雅的动物。） ▶ 常见义项例句：The river flows through a vast plain.（这条河流经一片广阔的平原。） ▶ 生义例句：His explanation was plain and easy to understand. 11. shoot 常见义项：vt. & vi. 射杀；射伤 生义：vt. & vi. 发射 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：In the past, hunters used to shoot the antelopes for their fur.（过去，猎人们常常为了获取藏羚羊的皮毛而射杀它们。） ▶ 常见义项例句：Poachers were caught shooting elephants for their tusks.（偷猎者因射杀大象获取象牙而被抓。） ▶ 生义例句：The soldiers shot arrows at the enemy. 12. remove 常见义项：vt. 去除；移开 生义：vt. 脱去 ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.（藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，并且在2015年6月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被移除 ） ▶ 常见义项例句：She used a cloth to remove the dirt from the table.（她用一块布擦掉桌子上的灰尘。） ▶ 生义例句：He removed his coat as soon as he entered the room. 13. reduce 常见义项：vt. 减少 生义：vt. 使陷入（更坏的）境地；使沦落（常用于reduce to结构） ▶ 教材语境（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”）：The government calls on people to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect wildlife habitats.（政府呼吁人们减少塑料袋的使用，以保护野生动物栖息地。） ▶ 常见义项例句：We need to reduce our carbon footprint.（我们需要减少碳足迹。） ▶ 生义例句：The bad economic situation reduced many people to poverty. 句型 · 句型公式1.This is why ...这是……的原因 【教材原句】： This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.（出自教材第 16 页阅读课文 “A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） （2021 年浙江卷 语法填空）My mother is a hardworking woman. She has been working in a factory since she was 18. Every morning, she gets up at 5:30 to prepare breakfast for us. After work, she always does housework until late at night. This is why I respect her so much. · 句型公式2.“Only＋状语”置于句首的部分倒装 【教材原句】： Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.（出自教材第 17页阅读课文 “A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） （2016 年全国卷 II）Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. · 句型公式3.When it comes to (doing) sth 当谈及……时 【教材原句】： When it comes to wildlife protection, all species — the good, the bad, and the ugly — should be treated equally.（出自教材第 20 页Reading for Writing部分的标题为 "Give Ugly a Chance!"海报1） （2021 年浙江卷）When it comes to speaking (speak) in public, no one can match him. 语法 现在进行时的被动语态 （一）词形转换语境填空练习 1.（legal）It is ________ to hunt endangered animals. Those who hunt ________ will be punished by law. Everyone should abide by ________ regulations. 2.（hunt）The ________ went ________ in the forest early in the morning. He is an experienced ________ who knows how to track animals. 3.（alarm）The sudden fire caused great ________. The ________ sound made people feel ________, and the ________ situation required immediate action. 4.（rate）The ________ of unemployment has been rising. The government plans to ________ the job market situation and take measures to improve it, aiming for a better ________ of employment. 5.（extinct）Many species have become ________ due to human activities. The ________ of these species is a great loss to the ecosystem. 6.（aware）We should be ________ of the importance of protecting the environment. Raising public ________ is crucial, and no one should be ________ of their responsibilities. 7.（danger）Human activities ________ many wild animals. These ________ species are facing great ________ in their natural habitats, as the environment has become ________ for them. 8.（concern）The issue ________ everyone. We are all ________ about it, and there are many reports ________ the possible solutions. 9.（adapt）Animals need time to ________ to new environments. Their ________ ability is amazing, and some ________ creatures can survive in harsh conditions. 10.（observe）Scientists ________ the behavior of animals for years. Their ________ have helped us understand animal habits better. 11.（beauty）The ________ of nature is incomparable. We should protect the ________ scenery and ________ our living environment. 12.（remind）This photo ________ me of my childhood. It serves as a ________ of the happy times I spent with my family. 13.（effect）This new policy has an ________ on the economy. It is expected to ________ a change in the market, and it will ________ people's lives in many ways. 14.（recover）He is trying to ________ from his illness. His ________ has been slow but steady, and everyone hopes he can ________ fully soon. 15.（remove）We need to ________ the obstacles in our way. The ________ of these problems will help us move forward smoothly. 16.（intend）They ________ to start a new project. Their ________ is to help those in need, and they have made detailed plans according to their ________. 17.（threat）The ________ to the environment is growing. Some factors ________ the balance of nature, and we must take action to deal with these ________. 18.（exist）Many rare animals ________ in this area. Their ________ depends on the protection of the environment, and we should protect these ________ species. 19.（harmony）We should live in ________ with nature. A ________ relationship between humans and nature is essential for sustainable development. 20.（emotion）His ________ speech moved everyone. He is a very ________ person who always shows his true feelings. 21.（usual）It is ________ to see such a phenomenon in this season. What is ________ is that it has lasted for a long time, which is different from the ________ situation. 【答案】： 1. illegal; illegally; legal 2. hunter; hunting; hunter 3. alarm; alarm; alarmed; alarming 4. rate; rate; rate 5. extinct; extinction 6. aware; awareness; unaware 7. endanger; endangered; danger; dangerous 8. concerns; concerned; concerning 9. adapt; adaptation; adaptable 10. have observed; observations 11. beauty; beautiful; beautify 12. reminds; reminder 13. effect; effect; affect 14. recover; recovery; recover 15. remove; removal 16. intend; intention; intentions 17. threat; threaten; threats 18. exist; existence; existing​ 19. harmony; harmonious​ 20. emotional; emotional​ 21. unusual; unusual; usual （二）选用以下方框内的短语填空，使句子意思合理完整。 adapt to, due to, be aware of, remind sb of, stir up, on earth, make progress, make out, day and night, on average, under pressure, be concerned about, die out, watch over, search for 1.The old customs are gradually starting to _______ as young people adopt new lifestyles. 2.Scientists have been working _______ to find a cure for the rare disease that has affected many people. 3.Parents always _______ their children's safety when they are out playing with friends. 4.It's important for everyone to _______ the impact of climate change on our daily lives. 5.The teacher's encouraging words _______ the students to work harder and achieve better results. 6.Many animals are in danger of _______ because their natural habitats are being destroyed. 7.She has been trying hard to _______ the new environment since she moved to this city last month. 8.The security guard's main job is to _______ the building and ensure no strangers enter without permission. 9.What _______ do you think is the most important factor for a successful relationship? 10._______, a person needs to drink at least eight glasses of water every day to stay healthy. 11.The delay of the flight was _______ bad weather conditions in the area. 12.The rescue team has been sent to _______ survivors in the mountainous region after the heavy snowstorm. 13.Children often _______ their parents of their own childhood memories when they see old photos. 14.He was _______ from his boss to finish the project before the end of the week, so he had to work overtime. 15.In the dim light, it was difficult to _______ the writing on the old stone tablet. 【答案】： 1. die out 解析：句意为“随着年轻人采用新的生活方式，旧习俗正逐渐开始消失”，“die out”表示“灭绝、消失”，符合语境。 2. day and night 解析：句意为“科学家们一直在日夜不停地工作，以寻找治疗这种影响了许多人的罕见疾病的方法”，“day and night”意为“日夜不停地”，体现工作的持续性。 3. are concerned about 解析：句意为“父母总是担心孩子和朋友出去玩时的安全”，“be concerned about”表示“关心、担心”，符合父母对孩子的态度。 4. be aware of 解析：句意为“每个人都有必要意识到气候变化对我们日常生活的影响”，“be aware of”意为“意识到”，强调对事物的认知。 5. stir up 解析：句意为“老师的鼓励话语激励着学生们更加努力学习，取得更好的成绩”，“stir up”有“激起、激励”之意，符合语境中话语的作用。 6. dying out 解析：句意为“许多动物正面临灭绝的危险，因为它们的自然栖息地正在被破坏”，“die out”表示“灭绝”，“in danger of doing sth”后接动名词形式。 7. adapt to 解析：句意为“自从上个月搬到这个城市以来，她一直在努力适应新环境”，“adapt to”意为“适应”，符合搬去新城市后的状态。 8. watch over 解析：句意为“保安的主要工作是看守大楼，确保没有陌生人未经允许进入”，“watch over”表示“看守、监视”，符合保安的职责。 9. on earth 解析：句意为“你认为究竟什么是成功人际关系最重要的因素？”，“on earth”用于疑问句中，加强语气，意为“究竟”。 10. On average 解析：句意为“平均来说，一个人每天至少需要喝八杯水才能保持健康”，“on average”表示“平均而言”，符合对日常饮水量的描述。 11. due to 解析：句意为“航班延误是由于该地区的恶劣天气状况”，“due to”表示“由于、因为”，用于说明延误的原因。 12. search for 解析：句意为“暴风雪过后，救援队已被派往山区搜寻幸存者”，“search for”意为“搜寻、寻找”，符合救援队的任务。 13. remind 解析：句意为“孩子们看到旧照片时，常常会让父母想起自己的童年回忆”，“remind sb of sth”表示“使某人想起某事”，符合看到旧照片的场景。 14. under pressure 解析：句意为“他承受着老板的压力，要在周末前完成项目，所以不得不加班”，“under pressure”意为“在压力下”，体现工作的紧迫感。 15. make out 解析：句意为“在昏暗的光线下，很难辨认出旧石碑上的文字”，“make out”表示“辨认出、看清”，符合光线昏暗的情境。 二、知识点精讲 1. reduce v. 减少；降低；使陷入（更坏境地） 【教材原句】： The government calls on people to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect wildlife habitats.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1)reduce to ...　 降至…… reduce by ... 减少了…… (2)reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默 be reduced to ... 沦落为……;减少到…… ①　(2020年全国卷Ⅲ改编) We need to take measures to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. ②　(2018年江苏卷改编) The number of cars on the road has been reduced by 30% since the new policy was carried out. ③　(2017年全国卷Ⅰ改编) The long drought reduced the river to a small stream. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：To promote environmental protection, our school suggests students reduce the use of disposable products and bring their own tableware.（为推进环保，我校建议学生减少一次性用品使用，自带餐具。） - 读后续写：As the blizzard intensified, the team had to reduce their speed, carefully stepping through the snow to avoid getting lost.（随着暴风雪加剧，队伍不得不放慢速度，小心翼翼地在雪中前行以防迷路。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　We should try our best to ______ (减少) the waste we produce every day. ②　The price of this product has been ______ (reduce) by 20% during the promotion. ③　The bad weather ______ (reduce) the harvest to half of what it was last year. 【答案】： ①　reduce ②　reduced ③　reduced 2. concern n. 关心；关注；（利害）关系 vt. 涉及；让……担忧 【教材原句】： The government is very concerned about this situation and has taken measures to protect them.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1)show/express concern about/for对……表示关心/担心 (2)concerned adj. 担心的;关切的 be concerned about/for 担心…;关心…… be concerned with 与……有关;涉及 as far as ...be concerned 就……而言 (3)concerning prep. 关于;有关 ①　(2021年全国卷乙改编) People are increasingly concerned about the impact of climate change on their lives. ②　(2019年北京卷改编) As far as I'm concerned, it's important to balance work and rest. ③　(2018年浙江卷改编) The teacher showed great concern for the students' mental health. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Our club is deeply concerned about the living conditions of left-behind children and plans to organize a volunteer activity next month.（我俱乐部深切关注留守儿童生活状况，计划下月组织志愿活动。） - 读后续写：Seeing the little bird fall from the nest, the girl's face was filled with concern, and she gently picked it up to check for injuries.（看到小鸟从巢中掉落，女孩满脸关切，轻轻将其捧起检查伤势。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Her parents have expressed their ______ (担忧) about her safety. ②　The whole society should be ______ (concern) about the education of children in poor areas. ③　______ (concern) your request, we will discuss it at the next meeting. 【答案】： ①　concern ②　concerned ③　Concerning 3. alarm n. 恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 【教材原句】： The alarm from the antelopes certainly alarmed me.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - raise the alarm 发出警报 (2) - in alarm 惊恐地 (3) - alarm sb about sth 因某事使某人担忧 ①　(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷改编) The sudden fire alarmed all the people in the building, and they evacuated quickly. ②　(2019年天津卷改编) The news that the disease was spreading raised public alarm. ③　(2017年全国卷Ⅱ改编) She looked at me in alarm when I told her the bad news. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：We regret to inform you that the sudden storm has alarmed us to postpone the outdoor picnic scheduled this weekend.（抱歉通知，突发暴雨使我们不得不推迟本周末的户外野餐。） - 读后续写：The strange noise from the dark forest alarmed the hikers, who immediately turned on their flashlights and huddled together.（黑暗森林里的奇怪声响让徒步者们惊恐不已，他们立刻打开手电筒紧紧靠在一起。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　The ______ (警报) went off when the thief broke into the house. ②　The parents were ______ (alarm) by their child's sudden disappearance. ③　The doctor ______ (alarm) us about the dangers of smoking. 【答案】： ①　alarm ②　alarmed ③　alarmed 4. rate n. 比率；速度；等级 vt. 划分等级；评价 【教材原句】： Now, the Tibetan antelope is rated as a species of “least concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - at a...rate 以……的速度 (2) - birth rate 出生率 (3) - rate...as... 把……评为…… ①　(2021年浙江卷改编) The country's economic growth rate has remained stable in recent years. ②　(2020年全国卷Ⅱ改编) This hotel is rated as one of the best in the city. ③　(2018年全国卷Ⅲ改编) The car was moving at a high rate of speed on the highway. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：The library aims to increase the book renewal rate by simplifying the online operation process for readers.（图书馆计划通过简化读者线上操作流程提高图书续借率。） - 读后续写：The runner maintained a steady rate, overtaking one competitor after another in the last lap of the race.（赛跑者保持稳定速度，在比赛最后一圈接连超越对手。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　The unemployment ______ (比率) in this area has dropped by 5% this year. ②　This film is ______ (rate) highly by both critics and audiences. ③　The water is evaporating at a ______ (surprise) rate in the hot weather. 【答案】： ①　rate ②　rated ③　surprising 5. extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 【教材原句】： In order to prevent this species from dying out, the Chinese government placed it under national protection and set up three nature reserves.（“dying out”与“becoming extinct”意思相近，出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - become extinct 灭绝；绝种 (2) - extinct species 灭绝的物种 (3) - drive...to extinction 使……濒临灭绝 ①　(2021年全国卷甲改编) Many animals have become extinct because of habitat destruction. ②　(2019年江苏卷改编) Human activities are driving some rare species to extinction. ③　(2018年北京卷改编) Scientists are trying to protect the endangered animals from becoming extinct. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Our museum will hold an exhibition on extinct species next week, aiming to arouse public awareness of wildlife protection.（我馆下周将举办灭绝物种展览，旨在唤起公众野生动物保护意识。） - 读后续写：Staring at the fossil of the extinct dinosaur, the little boy's eyes widened with curiosity, imagining what the ancient creature looked like.（盯着这具灭绝恐龙的化石，小男孩好奇地睁大双眼，想象着这种远古生物的模样。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Dinosaurs have been ______ (濒危的) for millions of years. ②　The ______ (extinct) of this plant is a great loss to the biological diversity. ③　We must take measures to stop the illegal hunting that is driving these animals to ______ (extinct). 【答案】： ①　extinct ②　extinction ③　extinction 6. endanger vt. 使遭受危险；危害 【教材原句】： The Tibetan antelope is one of the most endangered animals in the world.（结合单元主题及常见表述，类似句子可参考教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”中关于藏羚羊濒危状况的描述） (1) - endanger one's life 危及某人的生命 (2) - endangered species 濒危物种 (3) - be endangered by 受到……的危害 ①　(2020年全国卷Ⅰ改编) The oil spill endangered a large number of marine creatures. ②　(2019年全国卷Ⅲ改编) Many endangered species are facing the threat of extinction. ③　(2017年浙江卷改编) Cutting down too many trees will endanger the ecological balance. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：The local government warns that excessive use of pesticides will endanger the ecological balance of the farmland.（当地政府警示，过量使用农药会危害农田生态平衡。） - 读后续写：The sudden flood endangered the villagers' lives, so the rescue team rushed to build a temporary shelter.（突发洪水危及村民生命，救援队紧急赶去搭建临时避难所。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Pollution from the factory is ______ (endanger) the health of local residents. ②　We should do our best to protect ______ (endanger) animals. ③　His reckless behavior may ______ (危害) the safety of the entire team. 【答案】： ①　endangering ②　endangered ③　endanger 7. adapt vi. 适应 vt. 使适应；使适合 【教材原句】： The antelopes have adapted to the cold and harsh environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1)adapt (oneself) to　　使……适应于 adapt sth from 根据……改编某物 be adapted for 为……而改写/改编 (2)adaptable adj. 能适应的;可修改的 adaptation n. 适应;改编;改写本 ①　(2021年新高考Ⅱ卷改编) It takes time for a new student to adapt to the new school life. ②　(2020年江苏卷改编) He quickly adapted himself to the new working environment. ③　(2018年全国卷Ⅰ改编) This novel has been adapted for a film. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：International students are advised to attend the orientation to adapt to the new academic environment quickly.（建议国际学生参加迎新会，以便快速适应新的学术环境。） - 读后续写：Thrown into the unfamiliar jungle, the explorer had to adapt to the harsh conditions by learning to identify edible plants.（被抛入陌生丛林，探险家不得不通过学习辨认可食用植物来适应恶劣环境。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　Children are usually quick to ______ (适应) to new surroundings. ②　She has to ______ (调整) herself to living with her new roommates. ③　This play is an ______ (adapt) of a famous novel. 【答案】： ①　adapt ②　adapt ③　adaptation 8. reserve n. （动植物）保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留 【教材原句】： We are in a nature reserve to observe Tibetan antelopes.（出自教材第16页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - nature reserve 自然保护区 (2) - in reserve 备用；储备 (3) - reserve sth for 为……预留某物 ①　(2021年全国卷乙改编) The local government has set up a new nature reserve to protect wild animals. ②　(2020年浙江卷改编) I'd like to reserve a table for two at your restaurant this evening. ③　(2019年全国卷Ⅱ改编) We keep some money in reserve in case of emergencies. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Please reserve a seat for me at the environmental protection lecture, as I am very interested in the topic.（请为我预留一个环保讲座的座位，我对该主题十分感兴趣。） - 读后续写：While patrolling the nature reserve, the ranger found a wounded deer and carefully carried it to the rescue station.（在自然保护区巡逻时，护林员发现一只受伤的鹿，小心翼翼地将其送往救助站。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　This area has been designated as a wildlife ______ (reserve). ②　Please ______ (reserve) two tickets for the concert for me. ③　We have a ______ (reserve) of food and water in case of natural disasters. 【答案】： ①　reserve ②　reserve ③　reserve 9. effective adj. 有效的；起作用的；实际的 【教材原句】： The government has taken effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.（出自教材第17页阅读课文“A DAY IN THE CLOUDS”） (1) - effective measures 有效措施 (2) - be effective in 在……方面有效 (3) - effect n.影响，效果 have an effect on 对……有影响 ①　(2021年全国卷甲改编) Regular exercise is effective in improving one's physical health. ②　(2020年全国卷Ⅲ改编) The new policy has proved to be an effective way to reduce traffic jams. ③　(2019年浙江卷改编) We need to take effective action to deal with the environmental problems. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：The school has adopted effective methods to improve students' reading ability, such as setting up a reading club.（学校采取了有效方法提高学生阅读能力，如成立读书俱乐部。） - 读后续写：The doctor's effective first aid stopped the bleeding, giving the injured climber a chance to survive until the ambulance arrived.（医生有效的急救止住了出血，让受伤的登山者得以撑到救护车到来。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　This medicine is ______ (effective) in treating a cold than that one. ②　The government has taken a series of ______ (effect) measures to control the spread of the disease. ③　It is important to find an ______ (effect) method to learn English well. 【答案】： ①　more effective ②　effectively ③　effective 10. harmony n. 和谐；融洽；一致 【教材原句】： We should live in harmony with nature.（结合单元主题“野生动物保护”体现的人与自然和谐相处理念，类似表述可参考单元相关语境） (1) - in harmony with 与……和谐相处 (2) - live in harmony 和睦相处 (3) - social harmony 社会和谐 harmonious adj. 和谐的 ①　(2021年北京卷改编) It is important for us to live in harmony with all living things on the earth. ②　(2020年江苏卷改编) The family lives in perfect harmony. ③　(2018年全国卷Ⅱ改编) Promoting social harmony is one of the important goals of our country. 写作佳句：​ - 应用文：Our community will hold a "Neighborhood Festival" to promote harmony among residents through various interactive activities.（我社区将举办“邻里节”，通过多样互动活动促进居民间的和谐。） - 读后续写：The villagers lived in harmony with the forest animals, sharing food with the monkeys and sheltering the birds in winter.（村民们与森林动物和谐共处，给猴子分享食物，在冬天为鸟类提供庇护。） ​ 单句语法填空 ①　We should try to keep ______ (和谐) with our neighbors. ②　The ______ (harmony) relationship between teachers and students is beneficial to teaching and learning. ③　Everyone should make efforts to build a society of ______ (和谐). 【答案】： ①　harmony ②　harmonious ③　harmony （一）词汇检测 根据句子的上下文及所给的中文提示，写出符合句意的单词，每空限填一词。 1. The children put up ____________ （海报） on the classroom walls. 2. It is ____________ (非法） to operate an unregistered vehicle on the road. 3. The room ____________（测量） 5 x 7 metres in total. 4. Over 200 ____________ (种类) of bird inhabit this nature reserve. 5. Please hand over any suspicious items to the ____________（当局） at once. 6. She was ____________ （划分等级） among the top students in her class. 7. A sudden storm ____________（搅动） the calm surface of the lake. 8. These old coins are of great historical ____________（价值）. 9. The ____________（猎人) set traps to catch wild animals in the forest. 10. He tried not to ____________ （使担心） his parents with his financial problems. 11. The new policy will come into effect ____________ （立即） next week. 12. Dinosaurs have been ____________ （灭绝） for over 65 million years. 13. This thermometer is used to ____________（测量） the temperature of liquids. 14. The ____________（平均的） age of the students in the class is 16. 15. Her performance in the exam was far above ____________（平均水平）. 16. The ____________（栖息地） of pandas is being destroyed by deforestation. 17. ____________（大量） of waste are dumped into the river every day. 18. The children decorated the classroom with colorful ____________ （海报）. 19. It ____________（让... 担忧） her that her son hadn't called for days. 20. Only a few ____________（活着的） witnesses remain from that event. 21. Many rare plants are now facing ____________（灭绝） due to climate change. 22. He earns his ____________（生计） by working as a part-time driver. 23. The machine can ____________（度量） the thickness of the material accurately. 24. She is a world-famous ____________（权威） on ancient Egyptian history. 25. The president holds the ____________（权威） to sign new laws. 26. Internet users who ____________ (非法） share copyrighted files may be fined. 27. Car ____________ (警报） often ring loudly in the neighborhood at night. 28. They ____________（庆祝） their anniversary with a romantic dinner. 29. The ____________（纯的） gold necklace is worth at least $2,000. 30. We need to ____________（减少） the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 31. A strong speech can ____________（激发） people to work together for a cause. 32. The African lion is now listed as an ____________ （濒危的） species. 33. He ____________（威胁） to quit his job if his demands weren't met. 34. Do we need to ____________（预订） seats for the concert in advance? 35. The ____________（街区） where they live is quiet and peaceful. 36. She managed to ____________（恢复） from her illness after months of treatment. 37. Police have ____________（找回） most of the stolen jewelry from the robbery. 38. These ____________（商品） are imported from several European countries. 39. All living ____________（生物） have the right to exist on this planet. 40. The ____________（皮） of this animal is used to make high-quality leather goods. 41. It's ____________（不寻常） for him to refuse such a good offer. 42. The ____________（平原） stretches for miles in all directions. 43. Children learn through ____________（观察） and imitating adults' behavior. 44. The ____________（速度） of the train reached 200 kilometers per hour. 45. You must ____________（遵守） the rules of the school at all times. 46. Their company has a poor credit ____________（等级） in the market. 47. He is one of the most talented ____________（活着的） musicians in the country. 48. The ____________（货物） will be shipped to the destination next Monday. 49. She is busy ____________（使适合） the novel into a stage play recently. 50. Many ____________（昆虫） are beneficial to farmers by eating pests. 51. The fishermen repaired their broken ____________（网） before going out to sea. 52. The ____________（惊人的） growth of the city has caused many problems. 53. They were ____________（打猎） for their rare feathers and bones. 54. The ____________（临近的地方） of the factory is heavily polluted. 55. Global warming ____________（威胁） the survival of polar bears. 56. This area is known for its natural ____________（美景） and clean air. 57. You should never give in to ____________（压力） from bad influences. 58. Some species can only ____________（生存） in specific climate conditions. 59. Wildlife ____________（保护区） provide safe homes for endangered animals. 60. In the past, people ____________（射杀） whales for their meat and oil. 【答案】： 1.posters 解析：“海报” 对应的英文是 poster，此处用复数形式 posters，因前面无冠词且表示泛指多张海报。 2.illegal 解析：“非法” 的英文形容词是 illegal，在句中作表语，描述行为的性质。 3.measures 解析：“测量” 此处为动词，主语 the room 是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词用 measures。 4.species 解析：“种类” 对应的 species 单复数同形，前面有 200 修饰，仍用 species。 5.authorities 解析：“当局” 常用复数形式 authorities，指官方机构。 6.ranked 解析：“划分等级” 是 rank，句中用被动语态，故填过去分词 ranked。 7.stirred 解析：“搅动” 是 stir，根据语境 “突然的风暴”，用一般过去时 stirred。 8.value 解析：“价值” 的名词形式是 value，of great value = very valuable，为固定搭配。 9.hunters 解析：“猎人” 是 hunter，句中谓语动词 set 为原形（或过去式），主语用复数 hunters 更合理。 10.worry 解析：“使担心” 是动词 worry，try not to 后接动词原形。 11.immediately 解析：“立即” 此处修饰动词短语 come into effect，用副词 immediately。 12.extinct 解析：“灭绝” 的形容词是 extinct，be extinct 表示 “已灭绝的”，为固定搭配。 13.measure 解析：“测量” 是动词 measure，be used to 后接动词原形（此处 to 为不定式符号）。 14.average 解析：“平均的” 是形容词 average，修饰名词 age。 15.average 解析：“平均水平” 对应的名词是 average，above average 表示 “高于平均水平”。 16.habitats 解析：“栖息地” 是 habitat，根据后面的 is being destroyed，主语用单数 habitat（或复数 habitats，指多个栖息地），此处单数更贴合语境。 17.Quantities 解析：“大量” 修饰不可数名词 waste 时，用 quantities of（谓语动词用复数 are，呼应 quantities），句首首字母大写。 18.posters 解析：“海报” 是 poster，用复数 posters 与 colorful 搭配，表泛指。 19.worried 解析：“让…… 担忧” 是动词 worry，根据语境 “她儿子好几天没打电话”，用一般过去时 worried。 20.living 解析：“活着的” 作定语修饰 witnesses，用形容词 living（alive 一般作表语）。 21.extinction 解析：“灭绝” 的名词形式是 extinction，face extinction 表示 “面临灭绝”。 22.living 解析：“生计” 对应的名词是 living，earn one's living 表示 “谋生”，为固定短语。 23.measure 解析：“度量” 是动词 measure，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 24.authority 解析：“权威（人士）” 是 authority，a world-famous authority 表示 “世界知名的权威人士”。 25.authority 解析：“权威（权力）” 是名词 authority，hold the authority to do sth. 表示 “有做某事的权力”。 26.illegally 解析：“非法” 此处修饰动词 share，用副词 illegally。 27.alarms 解析：“警报” 是 alarm，句中谓语动词 ring 为原形，主语用复数 alarms。 28.celebrated 解析：“庆祝” 是 celebrate，根据语境 “他们的周年纪念日”，用一般过去时 celebrated。 29.pure 解析：“纯的” 是形容词 pure，修饰名词 gold necklace。 30.reduce 解析：“减少” 是动词 reduce，need to 后接动词原形。 31.inspire 解析：“激发” 是动词 inspire，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 32.endangered 解析：“濒危的” 是形容词 endangered，修饰名词 species，endangered species 表示 “濒危物种”。 33.threatened 解析：“威胁” 是动词 threaten，根据语境 “如果要求得不到满足”，用一般过去时 threatened。 34.book 解析：“预订” 是动词 book，need to 后接动词原形。 35.neighborhood 解析：“街区” 对应的名词是 neighborhood，the neighborhood where... 表示 “…… 所在的街区”。 36.recover 解析：“恢复” 是动词 recover，manage to 后接动词原形。 37.recovered 解析：“找回” 是动词 recover，句中用现在完成时，have 后接过去分词 recovered。 38.goods 解析：“商品” 常用复数形式 goods，无单数形式。 39.creatures 解析：“生物” 是 creature，all 后接复数 creatures。 40.skin 解析：“皮” 是名词 skin，此处指某种动物的皮，用单数形式。 41.unusual 解析：“不寻常” 的形容词是 unusual，在句中作表语。 42.plain 解析：“平原” 是名词 plain，根据后面的 stretches，用单数形式。 43.observation 解析：“观察” 的名词形式是 observation，through 后接名词。 44.speed 解析：“速度” 是名词 speed，the speed of 表示 “…… 的速度”。 45.obey 解析：“遵守” 是动词 obey，must 后接动词原形。 46.rating 解析：“等级” 此处指信用评级，用 rating，a poor credit rating 表示 “不良信用评级”。 47.living 解析：“活着的” 修饰 musicians，用 living（alive 一般不作前置定语）。 48.goods/cargo 解析：“货物” 可译为 goods（复数）或 cargo（单复数同形），根据语境此处两者皆可，常用 goods。 49.adapting 解析：“使适合”（此处指改编）是 adapt，be busy 后接动名词 adapting。 50.insects 解析：“昆虫” 是 insect，many 后接复数 insects。 51.nets 解析：“网” 是 net，their 后接复数 nets（指多张网）。 52.amazing 解析：“惊人的” 是形容词 amazing，修饰名词 growth。 53.hunted 解析：“打猎” 是 hunt，句中用被动语态，故填过去分词 hunted。 54.neighborhood 解析：“临近的地方” 是 neighborhood，the neighborhood of 表示 “…… 的周边地区”。 55.threatens 解析：“威胁” 是动词 threaten，主语 global warming 是第三人称单数，用一般现在时 threatens。 56.beauty 解析：“美景” 的名词形式是 beauty，natural beauty 表示 “自然美景”。 57.pressure 解析：“压力” 是名词 pressure，为不可数名词。 58.survive 解析：“生存” 是动词 survive，can 后接动词原形。 59.reserves 解析：“保护区” 是 reserve，wildlife reserves 表示 “野生动物保护区”，用复数形式。 60.shot 解析：“射杀” 是 shoot，in the past 提示用一般过去时，shoot 的过去式是 shot。 （二）课文综合语法填空练习 Early in the morning, we set off to observe giant pandas in the Qinling Mountains. The air was fresh, and the sound of birds singing 1.________ (immediate) lifted our spirits. On the path from the camp, we passed through thick forests 2.________ bamboo grows abundantly. 3.________ the valley below, a few pandas could be seen moving slowly among the bamboo. This is exactly why we came—4.________ (study) their living habits. Giant pandas, once listed as 5.________ (endanger) species, face threats from habitat loss and 6.________(legal) hunting for their fur. Our guide, Li Wei, has worked in the nature reserve for over 10 years. He told us that in the 1990s, their population dropped sharply 7.________ more than 30 percent. "Back then, their habitats were getting smaller 8.________ roads and farms took over the land," he said, 9.________(point) to a newly planted bamboo area. "But things have changed." Effective 10.________ (measure) have been taken: nature reserves were built, and volunteers patrol day and night to keep pandas safe from 11.________ (attack). Illegal hunters 12.________ (punish) strictly, and bamboo forests are being restored. 13.________ (recent), local villagers have also joined in the protection efforts, which has sped up the recovery. As a result, the panda population 14.________ (recover) gradually over the past two decades, 15.________ some have even been moved to new habitats. "Protecting pandas isn't just about saving one species," Li Wei added. "It's about keeping the balance of nature. 16.________ we continue to care for them, we'll live 17.________harmony with all wildlife here." By afternoon, we left the mountains, feeling hopeful. The key to 18.________ (save) animals, we realized, lies in human action—and it 19.________(exist) in every small effort we make. 【答案】： 1.immediately（解析：修饰动词 lifted，需用副词） 2.where（解析：引导定语从句，先行词是 forests，表地点，从句缺状语） 3.In（解析：“在山谷里” 用介词 in，句首首字母大写） 4.to study（解析：表目的，用不定式） 5.endangered（解析：修饰名词 species，用形容词 “濒危的”） 6.illegal（解析：与 habitat loss 并列，指 “非法捕猎”，用形容词） 7.by（解析：“下降了…… 比例” 用介词 by） 8.because/as（解析：前后是因果关系，表 “因为”） 9.pointing（解析：伴随状语，主语 he 与 point 是主动关系，用现在分词） 10.measures（解析：measure 是可数名词，前面无冠词，用复数） 11.attacks（解析：from 后接名词，attack 作 “袭击” 讲时可数，用复数表泛指） 12.are punished（解析：主语与 punish 是被动关系，描述现状，用一般现在时被动语态） 13.Recently（解析：作时间状语，用副词，句首首字母大写） 14.has recovered（解析：“over the past two decades” 是现在完成时标志） 15.and（解析：连接两个并列分句，表顺承） 16.If（解析：引导条件状语从句，“如果我们继续……”） 17.in（解析：固定搭配 in harmony with“与…… 和谐相处”） 18.saving（解析：the key to 中 to 是介词，后接动名词） 19.exists（解析：主语是 it，描述客观事实，用一般现在时第三人称单数） 三、语法清单 现在进行时的被动语态 【感知·语法规律】 （一）教材原文感知 1. "Our classroom is being cleaned by the students now." 主语"classroom"是动作"clean"的承受者，结构为"is being cleaned"，表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作。 2. "A new library is being built in our school this term." 主语"library"是动作"build"的承受者，结构为"is being built"，表示现阶段（本学期）正在进行的被动动作。 3. "The letters are being typed by the secretary when I passed by." 主语"letters"是动作"type"的承受者，结构为"are being typed"，强调过去某一刻正在进行的被动动作（与when引导的时间状语呼应）。 （二）高考真题感知 1.（2024年全国卷改编）Look! The old temple ______ (restore) by the workers. 【答案】is being restored 解析：根据"Look!"可知动作正在进行，主语"temple"与"restore"是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，结构为"is being + 过去分词"。 2.（2023年新高考卷改编）A new bridge ______ over the river now, and it will be completed next month. A. is building B. is being built C. built D. was built 【答案】B 解析：根据"now"可知动作正在进行，主语"bridge"与"build"是被动关系，现在进行时的被动语态结构为"is being built"。 3.（2022年全国乙卷语法填空改编）The meeting room ______ (decorate) now, so we have to change our meeting place. 【答案】is being decorated 解析："now"提示动作正在进行，主语"meeting room"与"decorate"是被动关系，故用"is being decorated"。 4.（2021年新高考Ⅰ卷改编）—Why can't we enter the lab? —Because some important experiments ______ (carry) out there. 【答案】are being carried 解析：语境暗示实验"正在被进行"，主语"experiments"是复数，故用"are being carried"（carry out为固定短语，被动语态中过去分词为carried）。 5.（2020年江苏卷改编）The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting now, so please keep quiet. 【答案】is being discussed 解析："now"表明动作正在进行，主语"problem"与"discuss"是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。 【精讲·语法知识】 （一）构成详解 现在进行时的被动语态核心是"强调动作正在被进行"，结构需同时体现"现在进行时"和"被动语态"的特征： - 基础结构：am/is/are + being + 过去分词 第一人称单数（I）：I am being + 过去分词（例：I am being interviewed now.） 第三人称单数（he/she/it）：is being + 过去分词（例：The dog is being trained.） 复数（we/you/they）：are being + 过去分词（例：They are being praised by the teacher.） - 否定式：在be动词后加not（例：The project is not being delayed.） - 疑问式：将be动词提前（例：Is the machine being checked?） （二）用法分类 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作 强调"说话瞬间动作正在被执行"，常与now, look, at the moment等时间状语连用。 例句：The window is being cleaned by Tom at the moment.（汤姆此刻正在擦窗户。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The new road ______ (build) by the workers. They work from morning to evening these days. A. is being built B. is built C. was being built 答案：A 解析：陷阱在于选项B，一般现在时的被动语态表示经常性、习惯性的动作，而此处强调现阶段（这些天）正在进行的被动动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态is being built。 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作 动作不一定在说话瞬间正在进行，但在当前一段时间内持续进行。 例句：A new subway line is being built in our city.（我们城市正在修建一条新地铁线路。）（可能不是此刻正在挖，但这一阶段持续进行） 3. 用于祈使句或警告语境 强调"正在被进行的动作需注意"。 例句：Don't touch the equipment—it's being tested.（别碰设备，它正在被测试。） 典例：判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 Don't enter the room. Some important things are discussed. 答案：错误，应改为Don't enter the room. Some important things are being discussed. 解析：原句用一般现在时的被动语态，无法体现“正在被讨论”这一警告语境下的动作，需用现在进行时的被动语态。 4. 与情态动词连用 表示"情态动词+正在被..."，结构为"情态动词 + be being + 过去分词"。 例句：The issue must be being discussed at the meeting.（这个问题一定正在会议上被讨论。） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The matter ______ (must, handle) right now. A. must handle B. must be handling C. must be being handled 答案：C 解析：陷阱在于选项B，“must be handling”是主动形式，而此处主语the matter与handle是被动关系，且强调“现在正在被处理”，所以用“must be being handled”。 （三）特殊注意事项 1. 仅适用于及物动词 不及物动词（如happen, appear, come等）无被动语态，不可用于现在进行时的被动。 ✘ 错误：A accident is being happened. ✔ 正确：An accident is happening. 典例：选择正确的句子。 A. A strange event is being occurred in the village. B. A strange event is occurring in the village. 答案：B 解析：occur是不及物动词，没有被动语态，不能用于现在进行时的被动语态，所以A错误，B正确。 “延续性动词的正确使用”判断句子正误，错误的请改正。 The old man is being died in the hospital. 答案：错误，应改为 The old man is dying in the hospital. 解析：die 是短暂性动词，不能用于现在进行时的被动语态，且此处句子逻辑上也无需被动，用主动形式的现在进行时表示 “正在死去” 这一过程。 2. being不可省略 省略being会变成一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are + 过去分词），语义完全不同。 现在进行时被动：The house is being painted.（房子正在被粉刷。） 一般现在时被动：The house is painted every year.（房子每年被粉刷。） 典例：判断句子表达的意思是否相同，不同的请说明。 ① The car is repaired by the mechanic. ② The car is being repaired by the mechanic. 答案：不同。①句是一般现在时的被动语态，意为“这辆车由机械师修理（表经常性动作）”；②句是现在进行时的被动语态，意为“这辆车正在被机械师修理”。 解析：省略being后，时态和语义都发生了变化，体现了being在现在进行时的被动语态中的重要性。 3. 不与短暂性动词连用 短暂性动词（如finish, start, die等）表示瞬间动作，无法"正在被进行"。 ✘ 错误：The work is being finished. ✔ 正确：The work is being done.（用延续性动词do替代） 典例：选择合适的选项填空。 The project ______ (finish) by the team, so please wait for a moment. A. is being finished B. is being done C. was finished 答案：B 解析：finish是短暂性动词，不能用于现在进行时的被动语态，A错误；此处强调“项目正在被进行”，用延续性动词do的现在进行时的被动语态is being done，所以B正确。 （一）单句填空 1. These old photos ______ (sort) by my grandmother now, so don't disturb her. 解析：are being sorted. 主语"photos"是复数，"now"提示现在进行时，被动关系故用"are being sorted"。 2. A new song ______ (sing) by the singer in the studio at the moment, and it sounds great. 解析：is being sung. 主语"song"是单数，"at the moment"提示现在进行时，被动语态中sing的过去分词为sung。 3. The problem ______ (talk) about by the experts, but they haven't reached an agreement yet. 解析：is being talked. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，"talk about"为固定短语，被动形式为"be being talked about"。 （二）选项填空 1. “与一般过去时被动语态的区分” The bridge ______ (repair) when the storm came last night. A. is being repaired B. was being repaired C. was repaired 答案：B 解析：陷阱在于选项 C，一般过去时的被动语态仅表示过去发生的被动动作，而此处强调 “昨晚暴风雨来临时桥正在被修理”，是过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作，所以用过去进行时的被动语态 was being repaired，本题通过与一般过去时被动对比，更能凸显现在进行时被动的 “现在” 时间特征。： 2. “与现在完成时被动语态的区分” The house ______ (paint) since last week, and it's still not done. A. is being painted B. has been painted C. has been being painted 答案：C 解析：陷阱在于选项 A 和 B，A 仅强调现在正在进行，B 强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，而此处有 “since last week” 且 “still not done”，说明动作从过去开始，持续到现在且仍在进行，需用现在完成进行时的被动语态 has been being painted，通过与现在进行时被动、现在完成时被动对比，明确各自适用场景。 1. “多主语时的主谓一致” A new school and a library ______ (build) in our town now. A. is being built B. are being built C. was being built 答案：B 解析：陷阱在于选项 A，当主语是由 and 连接的两个并列成分时，谓语动词用复数形式，此处强调 “一所新学校和一个图书馆现在正在被建造”，所以用 are being built，提醒在现在进行时被动中注意主谓一致。 （三）翻译句子（含长难句与高级表达） 1. 这家工厂的旧设备正在被先进的机器人取代。 【答案】：The old equipment in this factory is being replaced by advanced robots. 2. 现在，一场关于环境保护的重要会议正在市政厅被举行。 【答案】：A vital meeting about environmental protection is being held in the city hall now. 3. 这些珍贵的文物正在被专家们小心地修复，预计下个月完成。 【答案】：These precious cultural relics are being carefully restored by experts and are expected to be finished next month. 四、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 【点拨·写作技巧】 与本单元野生动物保护相关的写作，常见体裁有倡议书、说明文、记叙文等。写作时要明确写作对象和写作意图，语言需简洁有力且富有感染力，逻辑清晰地表达观点或叙述事件。具体结构可参考： 1. 开头：引出野生动物保护相关话题，如说明写倡议书是为了号召大家保护野生动物，或介绍说明文、记叙文的主题是某野生动物的生存状况等。 2. 主体：详细阐述与野生动物保护相关的内容，如野生动物的生存现状、面临的威胁、保护的意义和具体措施，或者某野生动物的生活习性、遭遇的困境等。 3. 结尾：总结全文，发出呼吁（如呼吁大家共同守护野生动物），或表达对野生动物未来的期望等。 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 1.开头常用语 (1)It's my pleasure to write this proposal/essay/narration about wildlife protection... 我很乐意写这篇关于野生动物保护的倡议书/说明文/记叙文…… (2)These days, the issue of wildlife protection has aroused widespread concern among people. 如今，野生动物保护问题已引起人们的广泛关注。 2.主体部分常用语 (1)Wildlife, as an important part of the ecosystem, is of great significance to maintaining ecological balance. 野生动物作为生态系统的重要组成部分，对维持生态平衡具有重要意义。 (2)Unfortunately, a large number of wild animals are in danger of extinction due to illegal hunting, habitat destruction and other factors. 不幸的是，由于非法捕猎、栖息地破坏等因素，大量野生动物正面临灭绝的危险。 (3)There are many effective ways to protect wild animals. 有许多保护野生动物的有效方法。 3.结尾常用语 (1)In a word, protecting wild animals is protecting ourselves, and we should make unremitting efforts for it. 总之，保护野生动物就是保护我们自己，我们应为其不懈努力。 (2) Let's work together to create a harmonious home for both humans and wild animals. 让我们共同努力，为人类和野生动物创造一个和谐的家园。 相关词汇 wildlife 野生动物 ecosystem 生态系统 extinction 灭绝 habitat 栖息地 illegal hunting 非法捕猎 protect 保护 conserve 保存；保护 survive 生存 threat 威胁 endanger 危害 measure 措施 effort 努力 balance 平衡 【示例·分步写作】 假设你是学生会主席，学校将举办一场“野生动物保护”主题活动，请你写一份倡议书，号召全校同学积极参与。内容包括： 1. 活动的时间、地点和主要形式； 2. 举办该活动的目的； 3. 呼吁同学们参与的理由。 注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, As the chairman of the Student Union, I am writing to call on all of you to take part in the activity themed"Wildlife Protection" to be held in our school. 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 倡议书 人称 以第一、第二人称为主 时态 主要时态应用一般将来时（介绍活动情况），一般现在时（说明目的和理由） 框架 第一段：开篇表明身份并引出活动，发出参与号召。第二段：详细介绍活动的时间、地点、主要形式以及举办目的。 第三段：阐述呼吁同学们参与的理由。 第二步：要点翻译 1. 下周六上午，“野生动物保护”主题活动将在学校操场举行。(hold) Next Saturday morning, the activity themed"Wildlife Protection" will be held in the school playground. 2. 活动将包括知识讲座、图片展览和互动讨论等形式。(include) The activity will include lectures, picture exhibitions and interactive discussions. 3. 举办这次活动是为了提高同学们的野生动物保护意识。(aim to) This activity aims to raise students' awareness of wildlife protection. 4. 野生动物的生存与我们的生活息息相关。(be closely related to) The survival of wild animals is closely related to our life. 5. 参与此次活动能让我们学到更多保护野生动物的知识。(enable) Participating in this activity will enable us to learn more knowledge about protecting wild animals. 第三步：词句升级 1. 用非限制性定语从句合并句1和句2 Next Saturday morning, the "Wildlife Protection" themed activity will be held in the school playground, which will include knowledge lectures, picture exhibitions and interactive discussions. （升级说明：通过"which"引导的非限制性定语从句自然衔接活动地点与内容，避免简单句堆砌，符合英文书面语中用从句体现逻辑关联的习惯，同时保留活动信息的完整性。） 2. 用 not only...but also... 结构合并句4和句5 The survival of wild animals is not only closely related to our life but also participating in this activity enables us to learn more knowledge about protecting them. （升级说明：调整句式结构，使"野生动物生存"与"参与活动的价值"形成递进关系，强化呼吁参与的合理性；结尾用"them"替代重复的"wild animals"，使句子更简洁流畅，符合英文避免重复的表达习惯。） 第四步：连句成篇 Dear fellow students, As the chairman of the Student Union, I am writing to call on all of you to take part in the activity themed"Wildlife Protection" to be held in our school. As scheduled, the "Wildlife Protection" activity will be held on the school playground next Saturday morning, which will include lectures, picture exhibitions and interactive discussions. Foremost, the lectures will be given by experts in wildlife protection, who will share professional knowledge and practical experience. Moreover, the picture exhibitions will display the living conditions of various wild animals, allowing us to have a more intuitive understanding of their survival status. The interactive discussions will provide a platform for us to exchange ideas and put forward our own suggestions on wildlife protection. This activity aims to raise students' awareness of wildlife protection. We hope that through this activity, everyone can realize the importance of protecting wild animals and take practical actions in daily life. The survival of wild animals is not only closely related to our life but also participating in this activity enables us to learn more knowledge about protecting them. By participating, not only can we broaden our horizons but also make our own contributions to wildlife protection. Let's actively participate in this activity and work together to protect wild animals. The Students’ Union [Date] 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$