Unit 4 Body language Words and Expressions 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

选择性必修第1册 UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE Words and Expressions 1．approve vi．赞成；同意 vt．批准；通过 [佳句背诵]I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and inform me of the interview． 如果您能批准我的申请并通知我面试，我将十分感激。 [归纳拓展] (1)approve sth.批准/通过某事 approve of (sb./sb.'s doing) sth.赞成/同意(某人做)某事 (2)approval n.赞成；同意；批准；通过 give one's approval to sth.批准/同意某事 (3)approving adj.赞许的；赞成的 (4)disapproval n.不赞成；反对 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I would appreciate it if my application could get your ________ (approve)． ②He smiled and gave me an _________ (approve) nod． ③Her father will never approve of her ________ (marry) such a lazy fellow． ④Do you approve __ the idea that success can be measured in terms of money alone? (2)一句多译 老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在学校的经历。 ⑤The teacher _______________________________________to record our experience at school．(approval) ⑥The teacher _____________________________________ to record our experience at school．(approve) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)． ②He smiled and gave me an approving (approve) nod． ③Her father will never approve of her marrying (marry) such a lazy fellow． ④Do you approve of the idea that success can be measured in terms of money alone? (2)一句多译 老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在学校的经历。 ⑤The teacher gives/gave his approval to us making a video to record our experience at school．(approval) ⑥The teacher approves/approved of us/our making a video to record our experience at school．(approve) Tips： “赞成/同意某人做某事”不可说成approve sb.to do sth.，应该用approve of sb./sb.'s doing sth.，其中介词of后是动词-ing的复合结构。 2．witness vt．当场看到；目击；见证 vi．作证；证明；成为证据 n.目击者；证人；证据 [佳句背诵]The last twenty years have witnessed great advances our country have made in space exploration. 过去的二十年见证了我们国家在太空探索方面取得的巨大进步。 [归纳拓展] (1)a witness to...……的目击者/见证人/证明/证据 (2)witness sth./that...目击……；见证…… witness to (doing) sth.证实/证明(做)某事 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Last Sunday _________ (witness) an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school． ②Having talked with several _________ (witness), the policeman eventually figured out the whole accident． ③His good health is a witness __ the success of the treatment． ④The old man witnessed to ___________ (see) the boy enter the woods with a dog following him． (2)词汇升级 When he walked out of the park, the old man saw the road accident． ⑤When he walked out of the park, the old man _________ the road accident． 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Last Sunday witnessed (witness) an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school． ②Having talked with several witnesses (witness), the policeman eventually figured out the whole accident． ③His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment． ④The old man witnessed to having seen (see) the boy enter the woods with a dog following him． (2)词汇升级 When he walked out of the park, the old man saw the road accident． ⑤When he walked out of the park, the old man witnessed the road accident． 3．employ vt．使用；应用；雇用 [佳句背诵]It is reported that many advanced technologies have been employed to measure the height of the mountain. 据报道，许多先进的技术已经被用于测量该山的高度。 [归纳拓展] (1)employ sb.as...雇用某人作为…… employ sth.to do sth.利用某物做某事 employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in...(＝be employed in...) 从事……；忙于…… (2)employment n.工作；就业；雇用 unemployment n.失业；失业人数 employer n.雇主 employee n.雇员；雇工 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Many local people are employed __ guides in the tourism industry． ②A number of people have been employed _______ (deal) with the work． ③She has employed _______ (her) in protecting the endangered animals for many years． ④(2021·浙江卷1月)Grocery stores try to have enough _________ (employ) at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay． (2)一句多译 他忙着做作业，没有注意到发生的一切。 ⑤He __________________________________________ his homework, so he didn't notice what was happening．(employ v．) ⑥__________________________ his homework, he didn't notice what was happening．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) ⑦_________________ his homework, he didn't notice what was happening．(过去分词短语作状语) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①Many local people are employed as guides in the tourism industry． ②A number of people have been employed to deal (deal) with the work． ③She has employed herself (her) in protecting the endangered animals for many years． ④(2021·浙江卷1月)Grocery stores try to have enough employees (employ) at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay． (2)一句多译 他忙着做作业，没有注意到发生的一切。 ⑤He employed himself in doing/was employed in doing his homework, so he didn't notice what was happening．(employ v．) ⑥Employing himself in doing his homework, he didn't notice what was happening．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) ⑦Employed in doing his homework, he didn't notice what was happening．(过去分词短语作状语) 4．differ vi．相异；不同于 [佳句背诵]The two brothers are like each other in appearance, but differ widely in their tastes． 这两兄弟相貌相似，但喜好却大不相同。 [归纳拓展] (1)differ in在……方面不同 differ from...in...在……方面与……不同 (2)difference n.不同之处 make a difference (to...)(对……)起作用；(对……)有影响 (3)different adj.不同的 be different from...in...在……方面与……不同 (4)differently adv．不同地 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Luckily my teacher sensed my problem, telling me that every small thing can make a big __________ (different)． ②Even though we completely differ from each other __ character, we are still great friends． ③(2022·浙江卷6月)There are usually around 30 _________ (differ) kinds of all-native tree species (物种)． (2)一句多译 至于穿什么衣服，学生们有不同的看法。 ④As to what clothes to wear, ________________________________． (different) ⑤ As to what clothes to wear, _________________________．(differ) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①Luckily my teacher sensed my problem, telling me that every small thing can make a big difference (different)． ②Even though we completely differ from each other in character, we are still great friends． ③(2022·浙江卷6月)There are usually around 30 different (differ) kinds of all-native tree species (物种)． (2)一句多译 至于穿什么衣服，学生们有不同的看法。 ④As to what clothes to wear, students hold different opinions．(different) ⑤ As to what clothes to wear, students' opinions differ．(differ) 5．distinguish vi．& vt．区分；辨别 [佳句背诵]Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong． 阅读好书既能充实我们的思想又能教我们分辨是非。 [归纳拓展] (1)distinguish between A and B区分A和B distinguish...from...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as...作为……而出名 distinguish oneself for 因……而出名 (2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for...因……而出名 be distinguished as...作为……而出名 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①There is something about music that distinguishes it ____ all other art forms． ②As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself __ a great volleyball coach in the world． ③Honestly speaking, I admire your _____________ (distinguish) achievements． (2)词汇升级/句式升级 Mount Tai is famous for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, which attracts visitors all over the world． ④Mount Tai ____________________ its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, ________________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms． ②As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world． ③Honestly speaking, I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements． (2)词汇升级/句式升级 Mount Tai is famous for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, which attracts visitors all over the world． ④Mount Tai is distinguished for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture, attracting visitors all over the world．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 6．adjust vt．调整；调节 vi．& vt．适应；(使)习惯 [佳句背诵]When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust himself to living on his own. 当孩子出国留学时，他必须学会适应独立生活。 [归纳拓展] (1)adjust...to (doing) sth.调整……以适应(做)某事 adjust to...适应…… adjust oneself to 使自己适应…… (2)adjustment n.调整；调节 make an adjustment/adjustments to 对……进行调整 (3)adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Adjusting __ an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull． ②I have made a few ___________ (adjust) to the design according to what you said． ③His parents had trouble adjusting to ______ (live) in Shanghai, so they returned to their hometown. (2)完成句子 ④Learn some basic Chinese before you come, and ________________________________________________． 在你来之前学习一些基础汉语，你将会更容易适应这儿的生活。 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull． ②I have made a few adjustments (adjust) to the design according to what you said． ③His parents had trouble adjusting to living (live) in Shanghai, so they returned to their hometown. (2)完成句子 ④Learn some basic Chinese before you come, and you will adjust (yourself) to the life here more easily． 在你来之前学习一些基础汉语，你将会更容易适应这儿的生活。 7．break down消除；分解；打破；出故障，抛锚；(身体、精神)垮掉，崩溃；(谈判、计划等)失败，破裂 [佳句背诵]The firefighters had to break down the door to save the people trapped inside． 消防队员不得不破门而入，解救困在里面的人。 [归纳拓展] break away from脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋习) break in打断；插嘴；闯入 break into...闯入…… break out (战争、火灾等)爆发 break up分散；拆散；驱散；(关系等)破裂 [学以致用] (1)写出下列句中break down的含义 ①Attempts must be made to break down the barriers of fear． ____ ②Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into amino acids (氨基酸)． ____ ③The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached． __________ ④You will break down if you take on more work than you can. ________ ⑤The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet． ______ (2)完成句子 ⑥She is trying ________________________________, which makes her parents happy． 她正努力改掉这个坏习惯，这使她父母很高兴。 答案(1)写出下列句中break down的含义 ①Attempts must be made to break down the barriers of fear．消除 ②Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into amino acids (氨基酸)．分解 ③The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached．(谈判)失败 ④You will break down if you take on more work than you can.身体垮掉 ⑤The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet．出故障 (2)完成句子 ⑥She is trying to break away from the bad habit, which makes her parents happy． 她正努力改掉这个坏习惯，这使她父母很高兴。 8．in other words换句话说；也就是说 [佳句背诵]Body language varies from country to country partly, but it can make people easily understood．In other words, it can rid you of communication barriers． 在一定程度上肢体语言因国家而异，但它能让听者容易理解说话者的意思。换句话说，它可以消除你的沟通障碍。 [归纳拓展] in a word 总之；简言之 keep one's word 遵守诺言 break one's word 失信；不守诺言 have a word with...与……谈一谈 beyond words 无以言表 Word comes/came that...有消息说…… [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Word came ____ Linda won first place in the English competition yesterday． ②She hoped he would keep his ____．But her hope was a fragile thing． ③__ a word, the programme aims to encourage students to take an active part in outdoor activities． (2)完成句子 ④The tax only affects people on incomes of over $200，000 — ______________, the very rich． 这项税收只影响收入在20万美元以上的人，换句话说也就是很有钱的人。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Word came that Linda won first place in the English competition yesterday． ②She hoped he would keep his word．But her hope was a fragile thing． ③In a word, the programme aims to encourage students to take an active part in outdoor activities． (2)完成句子 ④The tax only affects people on incomes of over $200，000 — in other words, the very rich． 这项税收只影响收入在20万美元以上的人，换句话说也就是很有钱的人。 [佳句背诵]Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality． 记住你的理想生活并不总是与现实相符。 [归纳拓展] always, all, both, every, everybody, everything, completely, whole, entirely 等表示整体意义的词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”。 [学以致用] (1)完成句子 ①______________ in the sea is of great use to human beings． 并不是海里所有的东西都对人类大有用处。 (2)句型转换 All people cannot understand what you say． ②__________________ understand what you say．(用部分否定改写) 答案(1)完成句子 ①Not everything in the sea is of great use to human beings． 并不是海里所有的东西都对人类大有用处。 (2)句型转换 All people cannot understand what you say． ②Not all people can understand what you say．(用部分否定改写) Tips： no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere 等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。 10．the way后跟定语从句 [佳句背诵]What surprised me was not what he said but the way (that/in which) he said it． 使我吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。 [归纳拓展] (1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后的定语从句一般不带任何关系词，也可以用that或in which，但口语中常省略。 (2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时可以省略。 (3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接to do或of doing sth.的形式。 [学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The way __________ was put forward by him to do the experiment was similar to the way __________________ you carried it out． ②Most people believe the best way ________ (build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals． (2)句式升级 Can you work out a way? We can solve the problem in this way． ③________________________________________________________?(定语从句) 答案(1)单句语法填空 ①The way that/which was put forward by him to do the experiment was similar to the way that/in which/不填 you carried it out． ②Most people believe the best way to build (build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals． (2)句式升级 Can you work out a way? We can solve the problem in this way． ③Can you work out a way (that/in which) we can solve the problem? (定语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$