备战2026年中考英语易错题分类解析Lesson 1 名词

备战2026年中考英语易错题分类解析（全国通用） Lesson 1 名词 【中考链接】 To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our_________”. A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices [答案]D 【解析】 此题考查四个名词在上下文中的含义区别。四个选项填入该空 中, 分别可以译作“拯救天空”、“拯救生命”、“拯救艺术”、“拯救（濒临消失的）语言”。根据上文, 讨论的话题应该是“拯救（濒临消失的）语言”。故选D。 【中考考点】 考查词义区别。 【易错提醒】 学生会受短语“save our life”是固定搭配影响, 而错选B。准确理解Save Our Voices和上文的题意是答好本题的关键。 【知识要点】 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化：man—men, woman— women, foot—feet, tooth—teeth； child—children, mouse— mice。 注：German—Germans, human—humans, walkman— walkmans。 1．单数、复数形式相同：fish—fish, Japanese—Japanese, deer—deer, sheep—sheep, Chinese—Chinese, people— people。 2．常用的不可数名词：milk, water, tea, meat, bread, rice, food, air, ink, snow, hair, paper, weather, news, information, fun, advice, music。 3．复合名词复数： 1） 由man或woman构成时, 两部分都变为复数：man teacher— men teachers, woman servant—women servants。 2） 由两个非人称单词构成时, 一般在最后一个词的词尾加-s： grown-up—grown-ups, girl-friend—girl-friends。 3） 由中心词+其他词类构成时, 中心词后加-s：father-in-law— fathers-in-law, passer-by—passers-by。 4．名词的所有格。在英语中, 有些名词可以在词尾加’s来表示所有关系, 带这些词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格。名词所有格的构成法： 1） 单数名词词尾后加’s, 复数名词词尾如没有s, 也要加’s。如： the Children’s Palace（少年宫） teacher’s desk（讲台） 2） 表示几个人共有一样东西, 只需要最后一个人的名字后加’s。如表示各自所有, 则需在各个名字后加’s。如： This is Tom and Jason’s room.（这是汤姆和杰森共有的房间。） These are Tom’s and Jason’s rooms.（这些是汤姆和杰森各自的 房间。） 3） 若名词已有复数词尾s, 只加’。如： the teachers’ reading-room（教师阅览室） teachers’ office（教师办公室） 4） 名词+of +名词：如果名词是有生命的, 用’s结构来表示、所有关系。如果名词是无生命的, 就要用“名词+of+名词”的结构来表示所有关系。如： the windows of the house（房间的窗户） a map of the world（一张世界地图） 注：① 名词所有格词尾’s的读音与名词复数词尾加s的读音相同。 2 在表示名词所有格时, ’s结构可转换成of结构。如： my father’s friend→the friend of my father（我父亲的朋友） 3 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词, 也可以加’s来构成所有格。如： today’s newspaper（今天的报纸） ten minutes’ walk（十分钟的路程） 【解题技巧】 解题需要灵活地运用所学知识, 对句子的结构和意义加以合理地分析和理解, 才能得出完美的解答。对单纯考查词义认知的题目, 要读懂题干, 根据语境做出正确的判断。对考查易混词或词组的试题, 要提高对词的辨析能力。对考查词法类试题应该以词类为纲归类学习, 在语境的帮助下对比学习, 逐个突破。 【习题训练】 一、选择题 1. Would you like a pudding? Go and bring me a little _________and I will make one for you. A. bowl B. apples C. chalk D. shampoo 2. —Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here? 　 —No, it’s about _________. A. 7 minutes walk B. 7 minute walk C. 7 minutes’ walk D. 7 minute’s walk 3. After a three-day heavy rain, the lake rose _________. A. two feet and a half B. two and a half foot C. two and half feet D. two foot and a half 4. The _________ teachers wondered if the _________ students were in trouble. A. woman…boy B. woman…boys C. women…boy D. women…boys 5. —Where were you last week. Jimmy? 　 —I was at _________. A. Uncle Tom B. Uncle Tom’s C. the Uncle Tom’s D. Tom Uncle’s 6. In order to keep healthy, you should eat _________ food,_________ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise. A. fewer…fewer B. less…more C. fewer…more D. less…less 7. _________ came that Houston Rocket won again and Yao Ming got the most scores. A. A news B. Message C. Word D. Words 8. Few of our classmates _________ the 800-metre race. A. have entered for B. has entered for C. have joined D. has taken part in 9. _________ the help of his teachers and classmates, the boy has made _________ progress. A. Under…a lot B. Under…great C. With…much D. With…many 10. There _________ fish in this river than in that one. A. are fewer B. is fewer C. are less D. is less 11. The lady with long _________ found her husband had already got three gray _________. A. hair…hair B. hair…hairs C. hairs…hair D. hairs…hair 12. My good friend, Wang Hai, is now studying in an ______university. A. German B. British C. American D. French 13. The old teacher gave the girl _________ on how to learn English well. A. an advice B. a few advice C. several pieces of advices D. some advice 14. It must be _________ to fly to the moon _________ a spaceship. A. a great fun…by B. great fun…in C. great fun…by D. a great fun…in 15. Be careful. There is a _________ hole in the ground. A. two-foot-deep B. two-feet-deep C. two-foot deep D. two-feet deep 16. My uncle has many _________ on his farm for artists to make drawing of. A. Chicken B. turkey C. heron D. mice 17. Mr. Lin often gives us _________ by e-mail. A. some good information B. some good informations C. much good informations D. a good information 18. He’s got bad toothache. He’d better go to _________. A. dentist B. the dentist C. the dentist’s D. see the dentists 19. The newspaper named 21st Century Teens is _________ by _________ middle school students. A. welcome…huge amounts of B. welcomed…huge amounts of C. welcome…a large number of D. welcomed…a large number of 20. If you want to be thin, try to eat _________ vegetables and_________ meat. A. much…many B. less…more C. more…less D. a lot of…a little 21. Linda, I’ve bought many _________. Now let’s make the birthday cake. A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milk C. frozen food D. rice dumplings 22. Vapour is water in its _________ state. A. gas B. solid C. liquid D. cloud 23. All of a sudden something on the ground caught _________. A. his eye B. his eyes C. his own eyes D. eyes of his own 24. Computers can store _________ information. A. a lots of B. large numbers of C. many D. huge amounts of 25. He doesn’t have _________ furniture in his room—just an old desk. A. any B. many C. some D. much 26. We haven’t got much _________ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? A. apple B. tomato C. bread D. biscuit 27. All the _________ teachers and _________ students are invited to the meeting. A. women…girls B. women…girl C. woman…girls D. woman…girl 28. My uncle likes _________, so he has brought back five street dogs. A. books B. songs C. sports D. animals 29. _________ are playing tennis in the playground. A. The Browns B. The Brown’s C. Browns D. Brown’s 二、填空题 30. We should learn those _________ team spirit. (play) 31. Are there any taxi _________ in the small city? (serve) 32. _________ is more important to me than money. (healthy) 33. Some famous _________ are going to give lectures in our university in August. (science) 34. Patrick is going to be a(n) _________ when he grows up.(engine) 35. Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast _________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city. (develop) 36. Feng Ai’s love and _________ will always be remembered by her students and their parents in Yunnan. (kind) 37. They bought some _________ at the supermarket yesterday.(potato) 38. I received some Christmas _________ from my pen pals. (card) 39. The street near my house is always crowded with cars and_________. (bus) 40. A bus _________ is responsible for the safety of his passengers. (drive) 参考答案和解析 一、填空题 1． [答案]A [解析]此题是单纯考查词义认知的题，只要读懂题干，判断出正确语境，同时认识所提供词的词义就可以直接找出答案。根据句意，所以排除C和D。看到a little，所以排除B，故选A。 2． [答案]C [解析]此题考查名词所有格用法。当名词的复数以-s结尾时，则只需要加’即可，则“7分钟的距离”为7 minutes' walk。故选 C。 3． [答案]A [解析]此题考查名词的用法。学生要知道two feet and a half是固定用法。故选A。 4． [答案]C [解析]此题考查复合名词的复数用法。由man或woman构成复合名词，两部都要变为复数。英语中，“女教师们”应该译为women teachers，而“男学生们”应该译为boy students.故选C。 5． [答案]C [解析]此题考查名词所有格用法。当姓名后面加-’s时，表示某人家。故选C。 6． [答案]B [解析]此题考查名词的用法。vegetables是可数名词，food是不可数名词，可排除A, C和D。根据In order to keep healthy, you should eat的语境，故选 B。 7． [答案]C [解析]此题考查名词的用法。“据说”在英语中有多种说法：Word came that, It was said that, News came that, A message came that等。故选 C。 8． [答案]A [解析]此题考查名词的用法，classmates是可数名词，排除B和 D。参加组织用joined，看到race，排除C。报名参加比赛用enter for，故选A。 9． [答案]C [解析]此题考查介词和名词的用法。with the help of是词组。可排除A和B。progress是不可数名词，可排除D。故选C。 10．[答案]A [解析]此题考查名词用法。fish是可数名词，可排除C和D。根据语境，故选A。 11．[答案]B [解析]此题考查名词的用法。要掌握英语中哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。但是有些名词具有可数和不可数两种性质，要靠具体说法来判别。如这道题中的hair(头发)就是这类词。前半句说的是“一头长发”，是不可数名词，可排除C和D；后半句说的是“三根白发”，是可数名词，可排除A。故选B。 12．[答案]C [解析]此题考查名词的用法。根据语境，而且修饰名词university 要用形容词，可排除A, B和D，故选C。 13．[答案]D [解析]此题考查名词的用法。advice是不可数名词，可排除A, B和 C。故选D。 14．[答案]B [解析]此题考查名词用法。fun是不可数名词，可排除A和D。by跟交通工具不加冠词，可排除 C。 in a spaceship = by spaceship，故选 B。 15．[答案]A [解析]此题考查名词的用法。这道题目考的是复合形容词。复合形容词中的名词应该用单数形式，整个复合形容词中的各个单词都要用短横“－”来连接。由于它被看作为一个普通的形容词，因 此,在可数名词前还要再加上冠词。此句中，“一个两英尺深的 洞”应该译为a two —foot —deep hole，故选A。 16．[答案]D [解析]此题单纯考查名词的复数，只要读懂题干，看到many，就知道后面跟可数名词的复数。所以排除A, B和C。mice是mouse 的复数形式，故选D。 17．[答案]B [解析]此题考查汗名词的复数用法。information是可数名词，不可数名词没有复数形式，不能加s，也不能加冠词，可排除A, C和 D。故选B。 18．[答案]C [解析]此题考查名词的用法。“去看牙科医生”可译为go to see the dentist或go to the dentist's。后一种译法中的the dentist's表示the dentist's clinic，可排除A, B和D。故选C。 19．[答案]D [解析]此题考查名词的用法，students是可数名词，排除A和B。 be welcomed是词组，排除C，故选D。 20．[答案]C [解析]此题考查名词的用法。vegetables是可数名词，meat是不可数名词，可排除A和B。根据If you want to be thin语境，可排除D，故选C。 21．[答案]A [解析]此题考查名词的用法。many后加可数名词，第一选择A, D。又因为做生日蛋糕，所以应选鸡蛋。故选A。 22．[答案]A [解析]此题是单纯考查词义认知的题，只要读懂题干，按vapour 语境，可排除B，C和D。故选A。 23．[答案]A [解析]此题考查固定词组。catch one's eye是固定词组，意为“引起某人注意”，即be noticed by sb.。此句中，eye是“视线”之意，由eyesight演变而来。随着语言的发展，一些词语会产生演变，大致上都是朝“简单化”方向发展，如：countryside→country, mankind→man, campsite→camp, in the daytime→in the day 等。故选A。 24．[答案]D [解析]此题考查名词的用法，information是不可数名词，排除B和 C。lots of是固定搭配，排除A。故选D。 25．[答案]D [解析]此题考查名词。furniture是不可数名词，可排除B。some不 用于否定句，可排除C。not any为完全否定，与下文just an old desk（仅有一张旧课桌）矛盾，可排除A。选D，意为“家具不多”，正好与just an old desk呼应。故选D。 26．[答案]C [解析]此题考查名词的用法。much加不可数名词，可排除A, B和 D。bread是不可数名词。故选C。 27．[答案]B [解析]此题考查名词用法。man和woman复数要双复数。由两个非人称单词构成复合名词，一般 后个词的词尾加-s，所以排除 A, C和D。故选B。 28．[答案]D [解析]此题单纯考查词义认知的题，只要读懂题干，判断出正确 语境，同时认识所提供词的词义就可以直接找出答案。看到so he has brought back five street dogs，可排除A, B和C。故选D。 29．[答案]A [解析]此题考查名词的用法。英语中，姓氏前加the，后面加s，有“一家人”之意。故选A。 二、填空题 30．[答案]players’ [解析]此题考查名词的用法。大部分考生能写出player，但完成这里的正确表达也绝非易事，它要求在写出基本形式的前提下，根据空格前those的暗示进一步把基本形式变成复数形式，这还没完，实际上前面所走两步而填入的词还要作后文team spirit的定语，因此要进一步使用名词所有格的形式。 31．[答案]services [解析]be动词are后跟名词的复数。 32．[答案]Health [解析]本句中缺少主语，而healthy的名词为health。 33．[答案]scientists [解析]some后加可数名词的复数形式。 34．[答案]engineer [解析]冠词后加名词，engine表示职业的名词为engineer。 35．[答案]development [解析]fast development意为快速发展。 36．[答案]kindness [解析]kind的名词为kindness（善意）。 37．[答案]potatoes [解析]some后应用可数名词的复数形式，potato应加es。 38．[答案]cards [解析]some后加可数名词的复数，card是可数名词,所以加s。 39．[答案]buses [解析]我房子附近的街道挤满了轿车与公共汽车。and连接两个相同成分的词,cars和buses。 40．[答案]driver [解析]冠词a后面加可数名词的单数形式。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$