2026年中考难点语法反身代词&形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词精讲&专项练习

中考难点语法反身代词&形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词精讲&专项练习 一、反身代词（Reflexive Pronouns） 反身代词表示 “某人自己”，强调动作的承受者是主语本身，或用来加强语气。 1. 常见形式（人称对应表） 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself（我自己） ourselves（我们自己） 第二人称 yourself（你自己） yourselves（你们自己） 第三人称 himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己） themselves（他们 / 她们 / 它们自己） 2. 核心用法 （1）作宾语：表示动作的承受者是主语本身，常与动词搭配（如 enjoy, hurt, teach, help 等）。 例：She taught herself English.（她自学英语。） He often enjoys himself in the park.（他经常在公园玩得很开心。） （2）作同位语：加强主语或宾语的语气，意为 “亲自、本身”，可省略。 例：I myself did the homework.（我亲自做了作业。） You should ask the teacher himself.（你应该问老师本人。） （3）固定搭配： by oneself（独自）：She finished the task by herself.（她独自完成了任务。） help oneself to...（随便吃 / 用）：Help yourselves to some fruit.（随便吃点水果。） talk to oneself（自言自语）：He often talks to himself.（他经常自言自语。） 3. 易错点 反身代词不能作主语，主语需用主格代词。 ❌ Myself can solve the problem. ✅ I can solve the problem myself.（我自己能解决这个问题。） 二、形容词性物主代词（Adjective Possessive Pronouns） 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，必须后接名词，表示 “…… 的”。 1. 常见形式（人称对应表） 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 my（我的） our（我们的） 第二人称 your（你的） your（你们的） 第三人称 his（他的）、her（她的）、its（它的） their（他们 / 她们 / 它们的） 2. 核心用法 修饰名词，放在名词前，表明所属关系。 例：This is my book.（这是我的书。） Their classroom is big.（他们的教室很大。） 不能单独使用，必须后接名词（区别于名词性物主代词）。 ❌ This pen is my. ✅ This pen is mine.（这支笔是我的。）→ 此处用名词性物主代词 三、名词性物主代词（Noun Possessive Pronouns） 名词性物主代词相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，可单独使用，表示 “…… 的（东西 / 人）”。 1. 常见形式（人称对应表） 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 mine（我的） ours（我们的） 第二人称 yours（你的） yours（你们的） 第三人称 his（他的）、hers（她的）、its（它的） theirs（他们 / 她们 / 它们的） 2. 核心用法 （1）单独使用，代替 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，避免重复。 例：My bag is red, and yours is blue.（我的包是红色的，你的是蓝色的。）→ 此处 yours = your bag This is her cat. That is his.（这是她的猫。那是他的。）→ his = his cat （2）可作主语、宾语或表语。 主语：Ours is a big family.（我们家是个大家庭。） 宾语：I like my bike, but she prefers hers.（我喜欢我的自行车，她更喜欢她的。） 表语：The new car is theirs.（这辆新车是他们的。） 四、三者对比与辨析 类别 功能 形式特点 例句对比 反身代词 强调 “自己”，作宾语或同位语 以 - self/-selves 结尾 He hurt himself.（他伤到了自己。） 形容词性物主代词 修饰名词，表所属 后接名词 This is her dog.（这是她的狗。） 名词性物主代词 代替 “形物代 + 名词”，单独使用 无名词，直接指代 This dog is hers.（这只狗是她的。） 五、中考高频考点与易错点 1.物主代词的 “单复数” 匹配： 例：These are our books. Those are theirs.（这些是我们的书。那些是他们的。）→ 复数名词对应复数物主代词。 2.反身代词与人称代词的混淆： 例：She looked at herself in the mirror.（她看着镜子里的自己。）→ 不可用 her，需用反身代词 herself。 “形物代 + 名词” 与 “名物代” 的转换： 同义句转换：This is my ruler. = This ruler is mine.（这是我的尺子。） 中考难点语法反身代词&形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词专项练习卷 一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.The little girl can dress ______ (she) now. 2.This is not my pen. It's ______ (he). 3.We should finish our homework by ______ (we). 4.—Is this ______ (you) book? —No, it's ______ (she). 5.The cat washed ______ (it) face with its paw. 6.My parents bought ______ (they) a new car last week. 7.These are ______ (we) desks. Those are ______ (they). 8.Help ______ (you) to some cakes, children. 9.He is old enough to look after ______ (he). 10.This dog is ______ (I). ______ (it) name is Lucky. 二、单项选择 1.—Is this pencil ______? —No, it's not ______. It's ______. A. yours; mine; hers B. your; my; her C. yours; my; hers D. your; mine; her 2.The children enjoyed ______ at the party yesterday. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves D. himself 3.This is ______ room. ______ is next to ______. A. our; Their; ours B. ours; Theirs; our C. our; Theirs; ours D. us; Them; ours 4.My sister taught ______ English when she was a student. A. her B. hers C. herself D. she 5.—Whose jacket is this? —It's ______. My mother bought it for ______. A. me; mine B. mine; me C. my; I D. I; my 6.The little boy fell off his bike and hurt ______. A. him B. his C. himself D. he 7.Your classroom is bigger than ______. A. we B. our C. ours D. us 8.She made the cake by ______. It was very delicious. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 9.—Are these ______ books? —Yes, they are ______. A. their; theirs B. theirs; their C. them; theirs D. their; them 10.My brother and I often wash clothes by ______. A. himself B. ourselves C. themselves D. yourselves 三、句型转换（每空一词） 1. This is my dictionary.（改为同义句） This dictionary ______ ______. 2. The girl taught herself English.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the girl ______ ______ English? 3. These are their toys.（改为同义句） These toys ______ ______. 4. Did Tom hurt his leg?（用反身代词改写） Did Tom hurt ______ ______? 5. Our school is bigger than your school.（改为同义句） Our school is bigger than ______. 四、完形填空 Hello, everyone! My name is Linda. I have a good friend. ______ (Her/Hers) name is Lucy. We are in the same class. This is ______ (our/ours) classroom. Look! The red desk is ______ (my/mine). ______ (Lucy/Lucy's) desk is blue. Yesterday, Lucy forgot to bring ______ (she/her) pencil box. I lent ______ (my/mine) to her. She said "Thank you" to me. I told her, "Help ______ (yourself/yourselves)." After class, we went to the library together. We saw a cat. ______ (It/Its) leg was hurt. We took it to the animal hospital. The doctor said the cat would be fine by ______ (itself/it) in a few days. We were happy to hear that. 五、改错（每句有一处错误） 1. I like you new bike. It's better than my. 2. The children are old enough to look after them. 3. This is not her pen. Hers is on she desk. 4. We should learn by us at home. 5. Is this book your? No, it's him. 参考答案： 一、填空 1.herself 2. his 3. ourselves 4. your; hers 5. its 6. themselves 7. our; theirs 8. yourselves 9. himself 10. mine; Its 二、单选 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 三、句型转换 1.is mine 2. Did; teach herself 3. are theirs 4. himself 5. yours 四、完形填空 Her; our; mine; Lucy's; her; mine; yourself; Its; itself 五、改错 1.you→your; my→mine 2.them→themselves 3. she→her 4. us→ourselves 5. your→yours; him→his 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$