2026年中考英语一轮语法复习 状语从句 课件

状语从句 什么能做状语？ 副词 介词短语: He traveled in Africa for six weeks. 形容词: He finally came back, tired and cold. with复合结构: With a lot of work to do, I think I have no time to accompany you. 独立主格结构: He lay on his bed, his hands under his head. 非谓语动词：to do, doing / having done, done 状语从句 一个____在复合句中用作状语时,在语法上叫状语从句。从句由_______ 、________或_______引导。 状语从句可分为：1) ______ 2) _________ 3) ______ 4) _________ 5) _______ 6) _________ 7) _______ 8) _________ 9) _______等 句子 概念 时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 条件 方式 比较 让步 名词词组 从属连词 副词 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 1.While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( ) 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( ) 3. Now that/Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting. （ ） 4. I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( ) 时间 地点 原因 目的 判断下列状语从句的种类 5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. 6. As long as you don’t lose heart, you’ll succeed. 7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. 8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. 9.He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. 结果 条件 让步 方式 比较 一. 时间状语从句的引导词 1. when, while , as, before, after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as 2. every time, next/last/each time, the first time, the moment, the minute, the instant 4. hardly…when, no sooner…than, scarcely…when 3. immediately, instantly, directly 连接词when、while、as的用法 1、when 的用法： （1）when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如： 当暴雨来临时，你在干什么？ What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 当我住在那里时，我常在星期天去海滨。 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. （2）可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于句式： Somebody was doing something when… Sb. was about to do sth. when… (刚要……这时突然……) 2、连接词while的用法 （1） while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间内”，引导的从句动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。 当别人在工作时，人们不会大声说话。 People don’t talk so loudly while others are working. （2）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时, 只能用while; while还可作并列连词,表示”而”。 我在看书，而他在看电视。 I was reading while he was watching TV. 3．as 的用法： (1) as 着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生，如：老师走进教室时，学生们站了起来。 The students rose as the teacher entered the classroom. (2)as还可以表示“随着……”，如： 随着时间的流逝，天气变得越来越冷。 As time goes by, it is getting colder and colder. (3) As 还能表示“一边……一边”，如： 她喜欢一边听音乐一边做作业。 She likes listening to music as she does homework. 4．如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while与as 可互换使用。如： 当我走在街上时，我遇到了我的一位老朋友。 When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. when, while, as _______________ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in. _____ they came home, I was cooking dinner. I was about to go to bed _______ I heard someone knock at the door. 4. ________ we were watching TV, he was studying. 5. He is fat _______ his brother is thin. 6. ______ she sang, tears ran down her face. While/ As/ When When when While while As 1）句型It will be/was＋一段时间＋before… “还要过多久才……” 如： 还有两年他才会离开这个国家。 It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It will be/was not＋一段时间＋before… “不多久就……”，如： 没过多久他就解出了这道题。 It was not long before he worked out the problem. before,after,since 3）句型It be＋一段时间＋since… ,该句型主句和从句中动词谓语时态的搭配很严格。 It is/has been … since sb. did sth. 如： 她参军已经三年了。 It is three years since she joined the army. 从句动词为瞬间动词，表示“自……以来，已经过去多长时间了”。 自她生病以来，已经过了四天了。 It has been four days since she was ill. 从句谓语动词为延续性动词，表示“自……以来，已经过去多长时间了”。 before,after,since He had left the town the day ______ she arrived. It was not long ______ he left his hometown. I played football _____ I (had) finished my homework Please tell her I’ll come _______ I do some shopping. before after before after 5. It will not be long ______ we meet each other again. 6. I __________ (be) at his bedside since he _______ (become) ill. 7. It ____________ (be) two years since we _______ (begin) to use this machine. before have been became is/ has been began till, until和not…until： 1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： 我们一直等到他来。 We waited until he came. 2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： 直到她回来他才去睡觉。 He didn't go to bed till/until she came back. 3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： 直到你告诉我，我才知道。 Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法： 直到你告诉我我才知道这件事。 It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. till 与until: 1. He lived with his parents ________ he graduated from college. 2. Not ____ he told me did I know the truth. 3. The children ___________ (will come) home until/ till it’s dark. 4. It was _________ the war was over that he returned to his land. till/ until until won’t come not until ill. 1、___________ he saw the monster, he turned pale. 2、 The spy had _________ returned home than he was told to go to another country. 3、We had _______________returned home when it rained. 4、_______________ had we begun when we told to stop. 一......就 as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner... than... , hardly/scarcely... when...和 once no sooner hardly/scarcely Hardly/ Scarcely As soon as 5) no sooner…than hardly/scarcely…when 刚……就 A. 时态：主句用过去完成时（had + p.p.） 从句用一般过去时 B. 倒装： no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要倒装 她刚到车站，火车就开动了。 She had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move. No sooner had she arrived at the station than …. 他刚进旅馆就开始下雪了。 He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow. Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow. every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当......；每次......；下次......”等。 每当我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。 Every/ Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. 上次她看见詹姆斯的时候，他正躺在床上。 The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed. 二. 地点状语从句: where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere等 在你有问题的地方做记号。 Make marks where you have questions. 你愿意去哪儿就去哪儿。 You can go anywhere you like. 无论你身在何处，我都会在此守候。 Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you. where指“在某个地方”， wherever指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方” 地点状语从句与定语从句的区别： where 引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的词作先行词； 而状语从句前则无需用先行词。 你从何处来回何处去。 Go back where you came from. （where 引导地点状语从句） 回到你来的那个村子里去。 Go back to the village where you came from. （where 引导定语从句，修饰 village）。 1.If you are traveling____the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A.in which  B.what C.when D.where 2.In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help___there is human suffering. A.whoever  B.however  C.whatever  D.wherever 3.--Mom, what did your doctor say？ --He advised me to live____the air is fresher. A.in where  B.in which  C.the place where  D.where D D D 三、 原因状语从句 原因状语从句的引导词有： because, as, since now that（既然）, considering that（考虑到）, seeing that（由于） because直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why，可表示已知或未知的事实。 since表示“既然”，语气较弱；强调对方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以放在句首。 As“由于”，语气最弱，表示往往是十分明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首，比较口语化。 For 放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说明 。 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 用because, as, since 与for填空: --Why are you crying, Meg? --- ________ I’ve broken your necklace, mom. 2. I went to bed early _______ I was tired. 3. I was not kind to him_________ he was rude. 4. __ I had a cold, I was absent from school. 5. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, ___ he was a doctor. 6. ____ we are all here, let’s begin our class. Because because because As for Since now that 的用法 now that 主要用于口语，表示微弱的原因，主、从句的因果关系不明显，常译为“既然”。 that 有时可以省略。 既然你已经来了，就留下来吧。 Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 四. 条件状语从句: 引导条件状语从句的连接词有: if, unless, as/ so long as（只要）, so far as (据我所知…), in case, on condition that (条件......), provided (that) (假设），等 条件状语从句中,如果主从句都表将来动作，主将从现。 如果你不快点，你会误飞机的。 If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane. 2、unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非…”“如果不就…”。 除非我们订到最早的班机，否则我们不能准时赶到那里。 We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight. = We cannot get there on time if we don’t book the earliest flight. 1、The WTO cannot live up to its name ____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. 　A．as long as B．while　　 C．if D．even though 2、 It is known to all that _____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health. A. unless B. as long as C. although D. if C A as/so long as, as far as, in case 1、___________ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ________ I have to wait. 3、I’ll go ___________________ you go. As far as in case as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要…”，as far as 表示“就…而论（而言）”。in case 表示“以防”。 as/so long as 1、You can have my bicycle for a few days ______________ you return it by Sunday. 2、 ___________ anything important happens, please call me up. 3、 _________________ you had one million dollars, what would you do? on condition that In case Suppose/Supposing on condition that：条件是 in case :万一 suppose/supposing (that): 假设，如果 though/ although 1、一般可互换：主句前可用yet, still, 常省略。但不能与but连用。 虽然听起来很奇怪，但这是真的。 Though/ although it sounds strange, (yet) it is true. 2、倒装句和独立副词放句末只能用though. Strange__________ it may seem, he remained single all his life. It was hard work, I enjoyed it, _________. though though 五、让步状语从句 3、even though/ even if 引导的让步状语从句 这两个短语表示语气更强的让步，常常意为“再退一步说”。 even though 更强调对“既成事实”的让步： 尽管他很穷，但她还是爱他。 Even though he is poor, she loves him. = He is poor, yet she loves him. even if 则强调对“假设”的让步。 即使他很穷，但她还是爱他。 Even if he is poor, she loves him. = He may be poor, yet she loves him. as引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管、虽然”。但从句要倒装。句型为： adj./adv./单数n.(不加冠词)/v.+as+主语+谓语… 1、尽管她还小，她可以帮助她的母亲。 Young as she is, she can help her mother. 2、 尽管他跑得快，他还是最后一个。 Fast as he runs, he is the last one. 3、不管你怎么尝试，你也可能失败。 Try as you may, you might fail as well. 4、虽然天很晚了，他们仍继续工作。 Late as it was, they kept on working. He went out, _______________ it was raining. _________ they are poor, they buy a great many books. Child ____ he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics. though/although Although as though, although, even if/ though, while, no matter…, whatever, however…, whether…or…, as _______he is a child, he has learnt advanced mathematics. No matter ________ happens, don’t be discouraged. No matter ______ hard he tried, he couldn’t open the door. No matter ______ you go, you must write to your parents. No matter ______ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man. how where who what Even if 六、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的引导词有： so that, in order that (为了） for fear that, in case （以免， 以防） 1、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should等连用。如： 吃这种药，你就会很快康复。 Take this medicine so that you can recover soon. 2、in order that 常用于正式文体，可放于句首，也可放于句中；而so that往往只放于句中。 3、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如： We’ll sit in front of the hall so that/in order that we can hear better.= We’ll sit in front of the hall _____________________ hear better. so as to/ in order to He got up early __________________ he could catch the bus. ____________ he could catch the bus, he got up early. I stayed at home all day __________________ you called. in order that/ so that In order that so that, in order that ,for fear that, in case in case/for fear that 七、结果状语从句 结果状语从句的引导词有： so that, so…that, such…that 1、so that引导结果状语从句时，从句中不带情态动词，that有时可省略。如： 他没有把时间计划好，所以没有及时完成工作。 He didn’t plan his time well so (that) he didn’t finish his work in time. 2、当so/such置于句首时，so/such引导的句子要倒装。如： 迈克是一个很好的人，我们都喜欢他。 Such a nice man is Mike that we all like him. So excited was he that he could not fall asleep. 3、so…that和such…that常用的搭配有： so +adj./adv.+ that 从句 so +adj.+ a/an +可数名词单数形式+that so +many/much/few/little +n. +that such + a/an +adj. +可数名词单数+that such +adj. +可数名词复数/不可数名词+that Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers liked her very much. =Jenny is _____________ that all the teachers liked her very much. He had ___ few friends ____ he often feels lonely. so clever a girl such that 1、I was caught in a shower, ________ all my clothes got wet. 2、It’s ____ cold _____ the lake has frozen. 3、There are ______ many books there _____ I don’t know which one to borrow. 4、It’s _____ good a book _______ I’ve read it again and again. 5、It was _____ a cold day _____ there was nobody on the street. 6、______ cold weather remained for three days _____ I had to stay at home all day long. so that so that such that Such that so that so that so that, so…that, such… that His brother is ____ handsome ___ he (is). The movie was not ______ good ____ I had expected. Your bag is twice as expensive as _______.(I) The driver drives faster _____ he used to (drive). _________ knowledge we learn, _________ (happy) we will be. as as so/as as mine than The more the happier as, than, as…as, not so/as…as, the+比较级… the+比较级 八、比较状语从句: as if从句里的主语与动词如和主句一致有时可省略。 as if 从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合,从句不用虚拟语气，从句时态与主句保持一致。 as if 从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合,则从句用虚拟语气。 与一般现在事实不符合：谓语动词 were/did 与过去事实不符合：谓语动词 had done 九、方式状语从句: 九、方式状语从句: He stood up _____ (he wanted ) to leave. She always talks to me as if she _____ (be) my sister. He walked slowly as if he _______ (hurt) his leg. You should do _____I do. as if were had hurt as（像，如), as if/ though(仿佛、似乎), just as（就像） as I 状语从句的时态问题　 1、The house could fall down soon if no one ______ some quick repair work. A. has done B. is doing C. does D. had done 2、It is almost five years _______ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when 在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。 C B II、状语从句的倒装问题　 1、So difficult _____ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was. did the villagers realize the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：① 否定词开头；② so\such. 开头；③ as / though引导的让步状语从句。 D A 状语从句的省略： 在条件，时间，让步，方式状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致或者从句的主语是it,而且谓语包含有be动词，那么可以省略主语或it, 跟be 动词。 1、While (I was) in Beijing , I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. 2、Come tomorrow, if (it is ) possible. 3、If so ,you must go back and get it. 4、She stood at the gate as if (she was ) waiting for someone. 5、Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt. Thank you! $$