2026年中考英语一轮语法复习 名词性从句课件

名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在 句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1. 名词性从句概念 名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句 subject clause 宾语从句 object clause 表语从句 predicative clause 同位语从句 appositive clause His job is important. What he does is important. This is his job. This is what he does every day. { { 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 表语 I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day. { I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher. { 宾语 同位语 At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. What surprised me most was that the old man couldn’t see anything. The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity. (表语从句) (宾语从句) (主语从句) 同位语从句 看看是什么从句？ 2. 主语从句 The Subject Clause 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由连接词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导 that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 1. That he will succeed is certain . 2. Whether he will go there is not known . 3. What he said is not true . 4. Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5. Whoever comes is welcome. 6. How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7. When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet. 为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 1.It is certain that he will succeed. 2.It is not known whether he will go there. 3.It has not been decided yet when they’ll start the project. 主语从句2-形式主语 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎… (4) It ＋is 过去分词 ＋ 从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说… （5）It’s no wonder that…并不奇怪/无疑… It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知） / a common saying（俗话说）that… 主语从句3-主谓一致 Where and when he was born has not been found. (have) When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. (be) 主语从句4-虚拟语气 表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此,建议,请求,命令等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary /important, natural, strange that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语） They know that the habit will kill them. It all depends on whether they will support us . He asked how much I paid for the violin. that, whether, if ( that 常可省略), who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when, where, why, how 连词 3. 宾语从句 The Object clause 宾语从句1- 作动词的宾语 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)。 我听说他参军了。 I heard that he joined the army. 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句。 她不知道发生了什么事。 She did not know what had happened. 我想知道你能否把这张纸币给我换开。 I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。 她告诉我她将接受我的邀请。 She told me that she would accept my invitation. 宾语从句2- 作介词的宾语， Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想要成功，就要相信我们所做的和我们是谁。 Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 宾语从句3-作形容词的宾语 恐怕我犯了个错误。 I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 宾语从句4-it特殊的形式宾语 “动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但有些动词后只有形式宾语没有宾语补足语。常见的有 have, take, put, like, enjoy, hate, love, dislike, appreciate, prefer 1) 动词+ it + that-从句 我很高兴你能来。 I like it that you came. 我想他会准时来的。 I take it (that) he will come on time. 宾语从句-it特殊的形式宾语 2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句 我不喜欢你吹口哨。 I dislike it when you whistle. 当她主动提出帮忙时，我们非常感激。 We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 我讨厌你在公共场合说这种话。 I hate it if you say such things in public. 宾语从句5- 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，主语为第一人称I/ We，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 主要考查该种句式的反义问句。 我觉得这件衣服不太适合你。 I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为你是不对的，是吗? I don’t think that you are right, __________? aren’t you 宾语从句6-引导词省略 1）that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。 2）从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省， 口诀： 省1不省2。 3）that 做介词宾语不省略。 4) 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略。 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. The teacher said (that) the passage was important and that we should learn it by heart. I know nothing about him except that he works in Paris. 宾语从句7-虚拟语气 在demand, command, order, request, require, /suggest, advise, recommend/ insist, desire, instruct等动词后，宾语从句常用 “(should)+ 动词原形”。 口诀： 5命令， 3建议，1坚持， 1渴望，1指导 特殊： suggest 暗示， insist: 力言，强调说。 我命令她独自做她的工作。 I ordered that she (should) do her work alone. 他苍白的脸表明他病了。 His pale face suggested that he was ill. 那老人坚持说他是鬼。 The old man insisted that he was a ghost. 宾语从句8-时态一致 宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态； 我知道他每天都学习英语。 I know (that) he studies English every day. 我知道他上学期学过英语。 I know (that) he studied English last term. 我知道他明年要学英语。 I know (that) he will study English next year. 　　 我知道他从1998年开始学英语。 I know (that) he has studied English since 1998. 当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。 老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。 The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east. 1) 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且主句的谓语动词是hope、agree、choose、wish、decide、promise（许诺）等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。 He hopes that he will be back very soon. He hopes to be back very soon. 9宾语从句的简化 宾语从句的简化 2) 当主句的谓语动词是ask、tell、show、teach等时，且后带双宾语，从句主语和主句间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the station? Could you tell me how to get to the station? 3) 当主句的谓语动词是see、watch、hear等感官动词时，从句可简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语为不带to的动词不定式或动词的-ing形式。 I saw he came into the classroom. I saw him come/coming into the classroom. 宾语从句的简化 4) 宾语从句有时也可以简化为名词或名词短语。 I can’t understand what you said. I can’t understand your words. 5) 当主句谓语动词为find，从句为it代替不定式作形式主语时，从句可以简化为“it+形容词+动词不定式短语”的形式。 I find it is difficult to work out the math problem. I find it difficult to work out the math problem. 4. 表语从句 The Predicative Clause 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。 其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。 The question is whether we can rely on him. That’s because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry . That’s why I was late . 表语从句的一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。 问题是我们能否在这么短的时间内做好准备。 The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 他上学迟到的原因是他没赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late for school is that he missed the early bus. 表语从句1-可以接表语从句的词 1)事实是我们输了这场比赛。 The fact is that we have lost the game. 2)那正是我想要的。 That’s just what I want. 3)这就是我们的问题所在。 This is where our problem lies. 4)看来要下雨了。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 表语从句2-reason 当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。 他迟到的原因是他没有赶上今天早上的火车。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning. 表语从句3- 虚拟语气 当句子的主语是：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名词时，表语从句须用虚拟语气，即：should +do。 我的建议是你应该去向他道歉。 My advice is that you should go to apologize to him. 5. 同位语从句 The Appositive Clause. 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that/whether/when引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。 1. 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。 国王释放囚犯的决定使所有的人感到惊讶。 The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 他从玛丽那里得到运动会推迟的消息。 He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 同位语从句1- 功能和位置 同位语从句一般跟在一些抽象名词（ idea; belief; fact; truth; problem; news; thought等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。 1) 计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊讶。 The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people . 2) 一想到我们可能成功，我们就激动起来。 The thought that we might succeed excited us. 同位语从句2- 抽象名词 同位语从句3- 连接词 同位语从句常用 that /whether引导或用连接副词when / where/why / how 连接代词who，what，whose，which通常不引导同位语从句。 1) The news that we won the game is exciting.　 2) I have no idea when he will come back home. 3) The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4）I have no idea when she will be back. 同位语从句4- 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述其性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。 The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. 同位语从句 定语从句 3) that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. （that引导同位语从句，不能省略） The news you told me yesterday was really disappointing. （that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略） 他建议我现在要冷静。 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now. 同位语从句5- 同位语的虚拟语气 名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为 should + do, should 可省略。 6 名词性从句常考点 1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题 2. 考查引导词that与what的区别 3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语、宾语的用法 4. 考查whether与if的区别 5. Whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever 所有的名词性从句都是陈述句式 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for. 常考点1-陈述句式 主语从句 表语从句 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。 How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ) 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？ F T T F 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。 Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ) 常考点2-what VS that that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。 what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。 that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。 that / what 1.______ he wants is a book. 2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is ______ we won the game. 4.This is _____ we want to know. 5.Is _____ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. What That that what what what that what a. 引导主语从句并在句首时； b. 引导表语从句时； c. 引导介词宾语从句时； d. 引导同位语从句时 e. whether to do ； f. whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句； 只能用whether，不用if： 常考点3- if VS whether 1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. 5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 6. The question is _________ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ______ the old man will recover soon. 8. I don’t know _______ to go. if / whether Whether whether whether whether whether whether whether if / whether 常考点4-其他连接代词和连接副词的选择 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。 1. whichever作连接代词,意为“无论哪个;无论哪些”,连接宾语从句、主语从句。 你想要什么就选什么。 You can choose whichever you want. 2. whichever作连接形容词,意为“无论哪个;无论哪些”。应当注意, 此用法的whichever必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句。 你想坐哪个座位就坐哪个。 You can take whichever seat you want. 常考点5-whichever 3. whichever与whatever的区别。 whichever意为"无论哪个;无论哪些";也可以接一个名词 whatever意为“无论什么;凡是……的事物” You should wear ________ dress suits you best. I‘ll do ________ you ask me to do. All the books are here. You may borrow ________ book you like. ________ she did was right, I am afraid. whichever whatever whichever Whatever 4. whichever与which的区别。 whichever可以引导名词性从句或状语从句; which是个疑问词,用在疑问句中,或作关系代词,引导定语从句。 I‘ll read ________ book you recommend. ______ foreign language have you studied? _________ you choose, the others will be offended. He invited us to dinner, ______ was very kind of him. Which whichever Whichever which 5. whichever与no matter which的区别。 no matter which 只能引导状语从句 whichever既可引导状语从句,还可引导名词从句。 ____________ of the three sisters you choose to marry, you will have a good wife. Vote for __________ proposal you think most favourable. _______________ dictionary you want to buy, I'll pay for it. Whichever whichever No matter which 常考点6 -Whatever 1. Whatever的意思是“所…的一切事或东西”，相当于anything that，在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语： 他们要什么就给他们什么。 Give them whatever they desire. 2. Whatever ≥no matter what让步状语从句 无论你做什么，我都会永远爱你。 Whatever you do, I’ll always love you. 常考点7-whoever 1.whoever “任何…的人”,相当于anyone who . whoever在从句中可用作主语，宾语，表示“任何人……都” “不管是谁……都” 她愿意嫁给谁就嫁给谁。 She can marry whoever she chooses. 2. whoever ≥ no matter who=让步状语从句 不管谁来，叫他们走开。 Whoever comes, tell them to go away. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ______ had used the products. A. whoever B. who C. whichever D. which A 注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子： 误 Who wins can get a prize. Anyone wins can get a prize. 正 Whoever wins can get a prize. Anyone who wins can a prize. I won’t go there alone, and I’ll take _________ wants to go. A. anyone B. who C. whoever D. what Sarah hopes to become a friend of _________ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who It was a matter of _________ would take the position. A. who B. Whoever C. whom D. whomever C C A who VS whoever ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. A. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. No matter who ________ will give us a talk is unknown to us all. A. Whoever B. Who C. Anyone D. No matter who whoever =the person who... 或anyone who... [无论(不管)是谁] who虽然也可以引导主语从句，但它常保留本身疑问的含义，即“谁”。 Who will go with us has not yet been decided. Who will be sent abroad is unknown. C B 常考点10- whomever whomever 是whoever的宾格,作宾语 We will hire whomever you recommend . 7. 名词性从句的做题方法 三步走 看从句在复合句中做什么成分？ 看空在从句中做什么成分？ 看句意， 下判断 From __seemed to be a great , cloudy distance, he smiled at her , and she smiled , too. A. it B. that C. what D. which C 1.The question is ____the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2.They received orders _____ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 3.The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because C C D Consolidation: 4. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 5. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 6. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that D A B 7. I have the information ____. A. of what he’ll come soon B. that he’ll come soon C. of that he’ll come soon D. his coming soon 8. --- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. --- ____ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break B A 61 6gtgvvv b 9.It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time. A. how B. that C. when D. what 10.--- Can I help you? --- Yes, do you know ____? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes A D 11. He made a promise ___ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if 12. They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what A D 13.I hate ____  when people talk with their mouths full． A. it  B. That C. these D. them 14. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how 15. It worried her a bit  ____ her hair was turning grey. A．while B. that C．if  D．for A B B 句子分析 I am afraid, my dear Watson, that most of your conclusions were incorrect. When I said that I owed you many thanks, to be frank, I meant that by noticing your mistakes I was guided toward the truth. 句子分析 It is said that one of them died that very night from what he had seen and that the rest were broken men for the rest of their lives. 句子分析 It shows that the man we are after is not as lonely as I imagined he was. 句子分析 Clearly the first thing I needed to do was to visit the nearby telegraph office, to find out whether the telegram Dr. Mortimer had sent had really been placed into Burrymore's own hands. 句子分析 I have plenty of evidence that you are being followed in London, and among the millions of people in this great city, it is difficult to discover who those people are or what their purpose is. 句子分析 Do you not think that a man may work to reach a peaceful retirement, and then find that, after all, he wants the old busy days back, and the occupation that he thought he was so glad to leave? 句子分析 This referred to my black bag, which I had put down on the oak table. I explained that I expected to be called to deliver a baby at any moment. 句子分析 The village church clock rang nine o’clock as I passed by the gatekeeper’s cottage at the end of the drive and ten minutes later I was at home once more. 句子分析 As Parker, the Fernly Park butler, took my coat, Ackroyd’s secretary, a pleasant young man called Geoffrey Raymond, passed through the hall on his way to Ackroyd’s study, with his hands full of business documents. 句子分析 It's a very real phenomenon that people who post these before-and-after photos often feel boxed in by their visual ‘success stories’ when their bodies inevitably change over time. 句子分析 Just because someone is smiling in an “after” photo doesn't mean that they're mentally healthy. In fact,both Seruya and Kronengold said that it can be damaging to assume that someone has experienced positive life changes just because they “look better”. Thank You! $$