UNIT 1 Section 4 Focus on Language：Past Perfect(Word教参)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

Section 4　 Focus on Language：Past Perfect

课时目标

1.掌握过去完成时的用法，并学会在语境中灵活运用。

2.区分一般过去时和过去完成时以及现在完成时和过去完成时，并掌握与它们连用的一些时间状语。

语境中体悟　

Pulitzer quickly became① a successful journalist and by the age of 25， he had become② a publisher. In 1878， he founded③ the newspaper the St Louis PostDispatch. Pulitzer worked④ tirelessly， from early morning until midnight. His paper published⑤ articles about politics and social issues. Sales of the newspaper shot⑥ up. In 1883， Pulitzer bought⑦ the New York World. He used⑧ the same business strategy he had employed⑨ at the St Louis PostDispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up until it was the best-selling newspaper in the country.

[语法入门]

①③④⑤⑥⑦⑧处都是一般过去时，其中③⑦处分别和表示过去的时间状语In 1878、In 1883连用；

②⑨处都是过去完成时，其中②处的时间状语是by the age of 25。

 

学案中理清　

一、过去完成时的概念、构成与用法

(一)概念

过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，它强调对过去的某一动作造成的某种影响或结果。

The film had begun before we got to the cinema.

我们到达电影院之前，电影已经开始了。

(二)构成

 

 

The class had begun when I got to school.

我到学校时，课已经开始了。

She had never tried to put this feeling into words.

她从未试图把这种感情说出来。

Had he finished his housework by the time you got to his house？

你到他家的时候他已经做完家务了吗？

The work had been done before you came.

这项工作在你来之前就被做完了。

(三)用法

1．表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。 句中常用by引导的时间状语从句或以 before、until、when、than等词引导的状语从句。

By 5：00 yesterday morning we had done that work.

到昨天早上5点钟时，我们已经做完了那项工作。

He had just finished sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office.

老师从办公室回来时，他刚把教室打扫完。

They came earlier than we had expected.

他们来得比我们预料的要早。

|图解助记|

2．表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻之前就已开始，一直持续到这一过去时间，还可能持续下去。

Up to that time all had gone well.

直到那时一切都很顺利。

John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage.

约翰和简在结婚前就认识很长时间了。

3．表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，通常适用的动词有want、think、hope、plan、mean、expect、intend、suppose等。

I had meant to come， but something happened.

我原本打算来的，但发生了一些事情。

I had intended to call on you， but it rained heavily.

我本打算去看你的，但雨下得太大了。

4．用于对过去情况进行假设的虚拟语气的从句中，主要用在if引导的表示与过去事实相反的条件句以及wish、as if引导的从句中。

If she had worked hard， she would have succeeded.

要是她努力的话，她就会成功了。(事实上她没努力，也没成功。)

I wish I had gone with you to the concert.

我要是和你一起去音乐会就好了。

The two strangers talked as if they had been good friends for many years.

那两个陌生人交谈起来就像是多年的好朋友。

5．当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时，如told、said、knew、heard、thought等动词后的宾语从句。

She said that she had seen the film before.

她说她以前看过这部电影。

6．用于固定句式

(1)过去完成时常用在hardly/scarcely/barely ... when ...、no sooner ... than ... 等句式中，表示“一……就……”。主句通常用过去完成时，而从句则通常用一般过去时。(hardly、scarcely、no sooner位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装)

Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.

他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。

No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

他刚到就又走了。

(2)“This/That/It was the first (second .../last，next) time＋that ...”句型中，从句一般用过去完成时。

It was the third time that she had come to this mountain village to see the children.

这是她第三次来这个山村看望孩子们了。

(3)在“It was/had been＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型中，从句一般用过去完成时。

It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.

我离开北京至少有3个月了。

 

[对点练]

(1)单句语法填空

①(2025·浙江1月高考写作)Kevin followed out and told the arriving police officers what had happened (happen)．

②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help， everything had gone (go) smoothly.

③He had learned (learn) a lot before he was 10 years old.

④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)When I finally finished it， the thought of winning had given (give) way to the enjoyment of writing.