Unit 5 What are the shirts made of？ 一般现在时的被动语态-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】2025-2026学年人教版（2012）英语九年级全册

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? （一般现在时的被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、一般现在时的被动语态用法介绍 一般现在时的被动语态，用于表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作，强调动作的承受者。 句式类型 结构公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 The shirts are made of cotton. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词 This kind of paper isn’t made from wood. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？ Are these cars produced in China? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词？ What is this machine used for? 注意事项： 1. 被动语态的主语是动作的承受者，谓语动词需用 “be + 过去分词” 结构，be 动词的形式随主语人称和数变化（I 用 am，单数用 is，复数用 are）。 2. 不及物动词（如 happen, appear 等）无被动语态，如不可说 “The accident was happened yesterday.”（需用主动语态 “The accident happened yesterday.”）。 二、被动语态中动作执行者的表达 在一般现在时的被动语态中，若需强调动作的执行者，可用 “by + 执行者” 结构。 用法场景 结构示例 例句 强调动作由谁完成 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + by + 执行者 This song is often sung by children. 不强调动作执行者 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken all over the world. 注意事项： 1. “by + 执行者” 多置于句末，若执行者是动作的发出者（人或物），需用宾格形式（如 by him, by the machine）。 2. 当动作执行者不明确或无需强调时，可省略 “by + 执行者”，如 “Vegetables are grown in this field.”（无需说明 “被谁种的”）。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 2．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）We should be honest to our friends, because it ________ to be our traditional value. A．is considered B．was considered C．considered D．considers 3．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）A year ________ into four seasons and it has twelve months. A．is divided B．divides C．is dividing D．divided 4．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）—Master Li, when will we start the new machine? —Take your time. Not until all the parts ________ carefully. A．are checked B．will check C．will be checked D．check 5．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Why can’t I say what I want to say? —Please be patient. Only one of the students ________ to speak at a time. A．allows B．allowed C．is allowed D．are allowed 6．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—AI technology ________ in schools to help students improve their grades. —Wow! I can’t wait to take them. A．used B．is used C．is using D．was used 7．（2025·安徽芜湖·三模）To fight against the pollution, the clean energy like solar power ______ more and more widely in modern society. A．uses B．will use C．used D．is used 8．（2025·江西吉安·模拟预测）—Do you know anything about the Dragon Boat Festival in China? —Yes, its celebrations ______ in late May or early June. A．have held B．were held C．hold D．are held 9．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）Every year, new rules ________ in schools to keep students safe. A．make B．are making C．are made D．were made 10．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）Paper ________ from wood, and it plays an important role in our daily life. A．makes B．made C．is made D．was made 11．（2025·江西九江·模拟预测）In China, a kid’s tenth birthday is an important event and it ________ with a special party. A．celebrates B．is celebrated C．was celebrated D．celebrated 12．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Many trees and flowers ________ in our city every year. A．planted B．are planted C．were planted D．will be planted 13．（2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Free meals ________ to the elderly in our neighborhood and they eat very well every weekend. A．offer B．were offered C．are offered D．will offer 14．（2025·云南楚雄·三模）Many traditional skills ________ by young people to keep the culture alive at present. A．learn B．learned C．are learned D．were learned 15．（2025·云南昆明·三模）These days 5G technology ______ in many fields around the world. A．uses B．used C．is used D．has been used 二、单句语法填空 1. （2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 2. （2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The situation will get worse if the matter is not carefully (deal) with in time. 3. （2025·甘肃陇南·三模）Truth is often (see) by those who experience it, rather than by those who talk about it. 4. （2025·甘肃·模拟预测）With the development of our country, Chinese (learn) in many other countries. 5. （2025·江苏无锡·三模）Development in areas of outstanding natural beauty is strictly (control). 6. （2025·甘肃张掖·二模）Chinese (speak) all over the world. 7. （2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测）—Do you have any problems if you (offer) this job? —Well, I’m thinking about the salary. 8. （2025·甘肃兰州·二模）I think our life will be more and more convenient if more supermarkets (build) next year. 9. （2025·江苏无锡·二模）The Great Wall was built over 2000 years ago, and parts of it still (visit) by millions every year. 10. （2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Using snakes as medicine has a long history in China and it (record) in detail in many Chinese medicine books. 11. （2025·甘肃平凉·二模）Today, Yangko Dance (think) as an important cultural treasure in our country. 12. （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The dishes (wash) by my brother and me in turn every day. 13. （2025·江苏无锡·二模）If the problem (solve), the big company will come back to life. 14. （2025·甘肃庆阳·二模）Chinese is (teach) in many foreign schools nowadays. 15. （2025·江苏扬州·二模）We are always (encourage) to develop a habit of deep thinking by our teachers. 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东东莞·二模）Chinese writer Eilen Chang once said that Chinese people’s travels are like some kind of picnicking. Do you know. 1 Chinese people started to go out and have a picnic? Generally, China’s picnics 2 as “the spring outing” or “stepping on the green”. Picnics in China can be dated back to at least the Wei and Jin Dynasties, when people 3 meals by the water to celebrate the Shangsi Festival. It became one of 4 activities among women in the Tang Dynasty. A special picnic for women, often 5 daughters of officials and rich families, would be held. Ladies would wear flowers and enjoy food and drinks. In the Song Dynasty, people would have a 6 holiday for the Qingming Festival, and they would not only pay respect to 7 dead, but also enjoy scenery, food, and drinks on spring trips. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 8 more activities—kite-flying was a favorite. People had more ways 9 food, so people could eat hot food instead of cold food during the trip. Modern picnics in schools are like “outdoor cooking”. Students are taken out and are organized to cook meals by 10 to build character and learn valuable life lessons. Have you ever gone on a picnic with your family or friends? Why not take a short trip, find grassland and enjoy a picnic with them? 1. A．when B．why C．how 2. A．were known B．are known C．have known 3. A．hold B．held C．were holding 4. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 5. A．with B．by C．for 6. A．seven-day B．seventh day C．seven days 7. A．a B．an C．the 8. A．it was B．there were C．they are 9. A．prepare B．prepared C．to prepare 10. A．them B．themselves C．theirs Passage 2 （2025·广东珠海·三模）With the development of our country, it’s truly amazing to see the changes in my hometown. I 1 up in a village in China with my grandparents, and back then, life was simple and then wasn’t much technology around. 2 no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes. The only way 3 news was through a radio at the gate of the village, and only the rich could afford a television. When 4 watched it at night, the whole village would gather around to join in. However, with time goes by, the changes are quite surprising. In recent years, technology 5 an important role in daily life in China. Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes 6 by people widely. Our quality of life has been 7 improved. The roads are no longer muddy (泥泞的). Almost every family 8 a television, and there is even air conditioning to reduce the summer heat. Medical care can be gotten much 9 with the use of cars or taxis. The world is always changing and developing, and the progress we’ve seen in 10 last 30 years is unbelievable. I can’t help but wonder how different things will be in the next 30 years! 1. A．grow B．will grow C．grew 2. A．They were B．There were C．It was 3. A．receiving B．to receive C．received 4. A．they B．them C．their 5. A．played B．plays C．has played 6. A．are used B．were used C．used 7. A．great B．greatly C．greatness 8. A．have B．has C．had 9. A．easier B．more easily C．easily 10. A．a B．an C．the Passage 3 （2025·广东东莞·三模）How long have you lived in Guangdong? Can you speak the local dialect (方言) called Cantonese? In Guangzhou Pui Ching Middle School, students are having 1 one-month Cantonese course. They learn 2 Cantonese with their teachers, and the teachers share interesting Cantonese sayings and history stories with them. Cantonese, also named Yueyu or Baihua, is a dialect 3 a history of over 2,000 years. There are about 85 million to 120 million Cantonese speakers around the world. It 4 widely in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macau and so on. An interesting fact is that Cantonese has nine tones. It has five 5 tones than Putonghua. The nine tones make Cantonese 6 more musical and lively. Many people like to sing along with the songs 7 . Sometimes they enjoy listening to Cantonese songs even though they don’t understand the lyrics completely. Mr. Li, a 8 father from Pui Ching Middle School, is thankful that the school provides the Cantonese course. “I’m glad to see that more and more children in our school begin to speak Cantonese. I encourage my daughter 9 Cantonese at home as much as possible. It’s important for the new generations to know 10 local culture.” he said to the news reporter. 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．every day B．everyday C．every day’s 3. A．by B．for C．with 4. A．is used B．is using C．was used 5. A．many B．more C．most 6. A．sound B．sounds C．sounded 7. A．exciting B．excited C．excitedly 8. A．student B．students C．student’s 9. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking 10. A．they B．them C．their 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （2025·山东潍坊·中考真题）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 “Where’s Papa going with that axe (斧子)?” said Fern to her mother while they 1 (set) the table for breakfast. “Out to the pig house,” replied Mrs. Arable. “Some pigs were born last night.” “I don’t see why an axe 2 (need),” continued Fern. “Well,” said her mother, “one of the pigs is too small and weak 3 (live). So your father has decided to do away with it.” “You mean kill it?” Fern shouted. “Just because it’s 4 (small) than the others?” Fern ran outdoors 5 (quick). She caught up with her father. “Please don’t kill it!” she cried. “It’s unfair!” Mr. Arable stopped 6 (walk). “Fern,” he said gently, “you will have to learn to control yourself.” “Control 7 (I)?” yelled Fern. “This is a matter of life and death.” She took hold of the axe. “Fern,” said Mr. Arable, “I know more about raising pigs. A weakling usually makes trouble.” “But the pig couldn’t help being born small, could it?” cried Fern. “If I had been very small at birth, would you have killed me?” Mr. Arable smiled. “But this is different...” “I see no 8 (different),” replied Fern. “This is the worst case I 9 (hear) of since I was born!” “All right,” he said. “I will let you feed it with a bottle, as 10 (baby) are fed. Then you will see what trouble a pig can be.” When Mr. Arable returned to the house, he carried a box under his arm. Fern opened the box. There, inside, looking up at her, was the newborn pig. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the week-long National Day holidays, the mysterious Ailao Mountains (哀牢山) in Yunnan Province southwest of China, became very popular. The government responsible for the management of the site said that the 1 (safe) of tourists can be ensured as long as they visit the opened areas and follow the rules. But if someone goes where they 2 (not allow), they might have to pay a fine (罚款) of up to 5,000 yuan ($710). It all started when an online blogger shared a video 3 showed the mountains looking foggy and a bit scary. There were warning signs saying “bears nearby,” which made people feel a bit frightened but excited. Soon lots of curious tourists wanted to see it 4 (they), causing traffic jams on the mountain roads. The Ailao Mountains is located in the 5 (center) part of Yunnan and covers three cities. Some people call these mountains the “Forest of Death” because of the deep valleys, thick forests, and unpredictable weather. It’s known as the 6 (big), least touched, and most complete forest ecosystem (生态系统) at that part of the world. It’s so far 7 and natural, and there are many “mysterious stories” about it. The edge (边缘) of the Ailao Mountains are open for travelers, and it’s safe as long as they follow the rules. 8 deep inside the mountains, where tourists can’t go, there are forests without roads. The weather there can be very bad, 9 (make) people feel sick because of the height and get very cold. Also, the magnetic field (磁场) there can make compasses stop working, making it easy to get lost. So, it’s necessary 10 (respect) nature and follow the rules when visiting such places! Passage 3 （2025·贵州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know about Chinese painting? It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It 1 (have) a long history and fine traditions in the field of art in the world. 2 (draw) a Chinese painting, you need a writing brush, ink (墨), rice paper, and ink stone. Especially, rice paper (xuan paper) is the best tool for Chinese painting because it allows the writing brush, wet with Chinese ink and held in a well-trained hand to move 3 (free) on it. Three main subjects of Chinese pointing are human figures (人物), landscapes, and birds and 4 (flower). For example, the painting of ladies, the painting of mountains, and the painting of insects and fish. Figure painting became highly 5 (develop) during the Tang dynasty. And landscape painting 6 (reach) its height during the Song dynasty. Two main techniques (技巧) can be found in Chinese painting. One 7 (be) gongbi often referred to as “fine-line” painting. This style of painting pays close attention to detail. Very often it 8 (use) to draw people or animals. The other is freehand style, referred to as “xieyi”. It pays more attention to expressing an 9 (artist) feelings. Artists often use this technique in landscape paintings. Chinese paintings do not try to draw the out-looking of a subject, but 10 (it) nature or character. Every area of the painting is interesting to the eye. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? （一般现在时的被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、一般现在时的被动语态用法介绍 一般现在时的被动语态，用于表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作，强调动作的承受者。 句式类型 结构公式 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 The shirts are made of cotton. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词 This kind of paper isn’t made from wood. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？ Are these cars produced in China? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词？ What is this machine used for? 注意事项： 1. 被动语态的主语是动作的承受者，谓语动词需用 “be + 过去分词” 结构，be 动词的形式随主语人称和数变化（I 用 am，单数用 is，复数用 are）。 2. 不及物动词（如 happen, appear 等）无被动语态，如不可说 “The accident was happened yesterday.”（需用主动语态 “The accident happened yesterday.”）。 二、被动语态中动作执行者的表达 在一般现在时的被动语态中，若需强调动作的执行者，可用 “by + 执行者” 结构。 用法场景 结构示例 例句 强调动作由谁完成 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + by + 执行者 This song is often sung by children. 不强调动作执行者 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken all over the world. 注意事项： 1. “by + 执行者” 多置于句末，若执行者是动作的发出者（人或物），需用宾格形式（如 by him, by the machine）。 2. 当动作执行者不明确或无需强调时，可省略 “by + 执行者”，如 “Vegetables are grown in this field.”（无需说明 “被谁种的”）。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的人在使用语言学习应用程序。 考查动词时态及被动语态。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时。结合“by”可知，此处是被动语态，应用程序被人们使用。故选C。 2．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）We should be honest to our friends, because it ________ to be our traditional value. A．is considered B．was considered C．considered D．considers 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该对朋友诚实，因为这被认为是我们的传统价值观。 考查时态和语态。此处是结构be considered to be“被认为是”，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是it，be动词用is。故选A。 3．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）A year ________ into four seasons and it has twelve months. A．is divided B．divides C．is dividing D．divided 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一年被分为四季，它有十二个月。 考查被动语态。主语A year与谓语divide之间是动宾关系，且此处是描述客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态is divided。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏镇江·二模）—Master Li, when will we start the new machine? —Take your time. Not until all the parts ________ carefully. A．are checked B．will check C．will be checked D．check 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——李师傅，我们什么时候启动这台新机器？——别急。直到所有零件都被仔细检查之后。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。Not until... 引导时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则（主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来）。本句中，主句省略了“we will start the machine”，从句需用一般现在时；“all the parts”与“check”之间是被动关系，即“零件被检查”，需用被动语态“be + 过去分词”，所以填are checked。故选A。 5．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Why can’t I say what I want to say? —Please be patient. Only one of the students ________ to speak at a time. A．allows B．allowed C．is allowed D．are allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么我不能说我想说的话？——请耐心点。一次只允许一个学生发言。 考查被动语态和主谓一致。本句时态为一般现在时，one of the students是动作allow的承受者，要用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。主语是“one of the students”，谓语动词应用三单。故选C。 6．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—AI technology ________ in schools to help students improve their grades. —Wow! I can’t wait to take them. A．used B．is used C．is using D．was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——人工智能技术在学校被用来帮助学生提高成绩。——哇！我都等不及要拍了。 考查时态和被动语态。根据“I can’t wait to take them.”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语与谓语use构成被动关系，主语是单数，is used符合句意，故选B。 7．（2025·安徽芜湖·三模）To fight against the pollution, the clean energy like solar power ______ more and more widely in modern society. A．uses B．will use C．used D．is used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了对抗污染，像太阳能这样的清洁能源在现代社会中被越来越广泛使用。 考查被动语态。根据“the clean energy like solar power...more and more widely in modern society”可知，此处指清洁能源被使用，所以用被动语态，且句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是am/is/are done，主语是the clean energy，为不可数名词，be动词用is，故选D。 8．（2025·江西吉安·模拟预测）—Do you know anything about the Dragon Boat Festival in China? —Yes, its celebrations ______ in late May or early June. A．have held B．were held C．hold D．are held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道中国的端午节吗？——是的，它的庆祝活动在五月下旬或六月初举行。 考查被动语态。hold举行，此处主语“celebrations”与动词“hold”为被动关系 (庆祝活动被举行)，且描述客观事实用一般现在时。故选D。 9．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）Every year, new rules ________ in schools to keep students safe. A．make B．are making C．are made D．were made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年，学校都会制定新的规则来保障学生的安全。 考查被动语态。主语rules和动词make是动宾关系，时态是一般现在时，被动语态结构是am/is/are done，主语是复数，故选C。 10．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）Paper ________ from wood, and it plays an important role in our daily life. A．makes B．made C．is made D．was made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：纸是由木头制成的，它在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Paper...from wood”可知，句子主语Paper与谓语动词make之间为被动关系，需用被动语态“be done”；结合后半句“it plays an important role”可知时态为一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。主语是不可数名词，be动词用 “is”。故选C。 11．（2025·江西九江·模拟预测）In China, a kid’s tenth birthday is an important event and it ________ with a special party. A．celebrates B．is celebrated C．was celebrated D．celebrated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在中国，孩子的十岁生日是一个重要的事情，通常会用特别的派对来庆祝。 考查动词时态和语态。此句为一般现在时，主语“it”与谓语动词“celebrate”之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。故选B。 12．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Many trees and flowers ________ in our city every year. A．planted B．are planted C．were planted D．will be planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意   我们的城市每年都会种植许多树木和花卉。 考查动词时态和被动语态。planted种植，主动语态过去式；are planted一般现在时被动语态；were planted一般过去时被动语态；will be planted一般将来时被动语态。“Many trees and flowers” 和 “plant” 之间是被动关系，every year 表明是一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构是 be + 过去分词，主语是复数，be 动词用 are，故选B。 13．（2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Free meals ________ to the elderly in our neighborhood and they eat very well every weekend. A．offer B．were offered C．are offered D．will offer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——免费餐食被提供给社区的老人，他们每个周末都吃得很好。 考查时态和语态。根据every weekend可知，句子时态是一般现在时；主语“Free meals”为动作承受者，需用一般现在时被动语态，故选C。 14．（2025·云南楚雄·三模）Many traditional skills ________ by young people to keep the culture alive at present. A．learn B．learned C．are learned D．were learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：目前，许多传统技艺被年轻人学习以保持文化活力。 考查被动语态。learn学习，动词原形；learned过去式；are learned一般现在时的被动语态；were learned一般过去时的被动语态。主语“traditional skills”与动词“learn”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“at present”表明是一般现在时态，所以此处需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 15．（2025·云南昆明·三模）These days 5G technology ______ in many fields around the world. A．uses B．used C．is used D．has been used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，5G技术已在世界各地的许多领域得到应用。 考查时态和语态。主语5G technology和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“These days”可知此处表示现在的情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故选C。 二、单句语法填空 1. （2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Anyone interested in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. Fan (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 【答案】is known 【详解】句意：任何对敦煌感兴趣的人都会听说过樊锦诗。樊锦诗被许多人称为“敦煌的女儿”。主语Fan和动词know之间是被动关系，此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时，be动词用is，know的过去分词是known，be known to“被……所熟知”。故填is known。 2. （2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The situation will get worse if the matter is not carefully (deal) with in time. 【答案】dealt 【详解】句意：如果这事不及时妥善处理，情况将会变得更糟。分析句子可知，主语“the matter”与“deal with”之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态，结构为be done，此处应使用过去分词dealt。故填dealt。 3. （2025·甘肃陇南·三模）Truth is often (see) by those who experience it, rather than by those who talk about it. 【答案】seen 【详解】句意：真相往往是被那些经历过它的人看到，而不是被那些谈论它的人看到。根据“Truth is often...by those who experience it”以及英文提示可知，此处主语“Truth”与动词“see”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”，“see”的过去分词是“seen”。故填seen。   4. （2025·甘肃·模拟预测）With the development of our country, Chinese (learn) in many other countries. 【答案】is learned/is learnt 【详解】句意：随着我国的发展，汉语在许多其他国家被学习。主语Chinese和谓语learn之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is，learn的过去分词是learned/learnt。故填is learned/learnt。 5. （2025·江苏无锡·三模）Development in areas of outstanding natural beauty is strictly (control). 【答案】controlled 【详解】句意：在自然景观优美的地区，开发活动受到严格控制。根据 “Development in areas of outstanding natural beauty is strictly ... (control).” 可知，句子主语“Development”与谓语动词“control”之间为被动关系，即“开发活动被控制”，需用被动语态结构“be + 过去分词”。空前已有“is”，此处应填control的过去分词controlled。故填controlled。 6. （2025·甘肃张掖·二模）Chinese (speak) all over the world. 【答案】is spoken 【详解】句意：中文在全世界被广泛使用。主语Chinese和动作speak之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，这里表达的是客观事实，用一般现在时，Chinese是不可数名词，视为单数。故填is spoken。 7. （2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测）—Do you have any problems if you (offer) this job? —Well, I’m thinking about the salary. 【答案】are offered 【详解】句意：——如果向你提供这份工作你有没有任何问题？——好的，我在考虑薪水。根据“Do you have any problems if you ... this job?”可知，此处offer和you构成逻辑上的动宾关系；if引导的条件状语从句中，时态使用一般现在时，主语为you，结构为are done。故填are offered。 8. （2025·甘肃兰州·二模）I think our life will be more and more convenient if more supermarkets (build) next year. 【答案】are built 【详解】句意：我认为如果明年建更多的超市，我们的生活会越来越方便。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时；主语“more supermarkets”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be done”；主语是复数，be动词用are，build的过去分词为built。故填are built。 9. （2025·江苏无锡·二模）The Great Wall was built over 2000 years ago, and parts of it still (visit) by millions every year. 【答案】 are visited 【详解】句意：长城建于2000多年前，每年仍有数百万人参观它的一部分。根据题干可知，第一空前的it指The Great Wall，所以主语parts of it和动词visit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据every year可知，应用一般现在时，所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词，主语parts of it表示复数，所以应用be动词are，visit的过去分词是visited。故填are；visited。 10. （2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Using snakes as medicine has a long history in China and it (record) in detail in many Chinese medicine books. 【答案】is recorded 【详解】句意：在中国，用蛇入药有着悠久的历史，并且在许多中医药书籍中都有详细记载。分析句子结构可知，“it”指代“Using snakes as medicine”这一行为，与“record”之间是被动关系，即“被记载”。句子讲述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is，record的过去分词是recorded。故填is recorded。 11. （2025·甘肃平凉·二模）Today, Yangko Dance (think) as an important cultural treasure in our country. 【答案】is thought 【详解】句意：如今，秧歌舞被视为我国重要的一个文化瑰宝。根据“Today”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Yangko Dance”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应填is thought。故填is thought。 12. （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）The dishes (wash) by my brother and me in turn every day. 【答案】are washed 【详解】句意：每天我和哥哥轮流洗碗。由“every day”可知用一般现在时；主语“dishes”与“wash”是被动关系 (被洗)，故用被动语态am/is/are + 过去分词，dishes为复数，用are washed。故填are washed。 13. （2025·江苏无锡·二模）If the problem (solve), the big company will come back to life. 【答案】is solved 【详解】句意：如果这个问题被解决了，这个大公司将会复活。分析句子可知，句子是If引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，从句用一般现在时；从句的主语是the problem和谓语动词solve之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态形式，the problem是第三人称单数，be动词用is，solve的过去分词是solved。故填is solved。 14. （2025·甘肃庆阳·二模）Chinese is (teach) in many foreign schools nowadays. 【答案】taught 【详解】句意：现在许多外国学校都教汉语。主语“Chinese”与“teach”之间存在被动关系，且句中有时间状语“nowadays”，因此需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，其结构为“is+过去分词”，动词“teach”的过去分词为taught，故填taught。 15. （2025·江苏扬州·二模）We are always (encourage) to develop a habit of deep thinking by our teachers. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：我们总是被我们老师鼓励去培养一个深度思考的习惯。根据“We are always ... to develop a habit of deep thinking by our teachers.”和所给单词可知，encourage和we构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，横线处应用过去分词的形式。故填encouraged。 三、语法选择 Passage 1 （2025·广东东莞·二模）Chinese writer Eilen Chang once said that Chinese people’s travels are like some kind of picnicking. Do you know. 1 Chinese people started to go out and have a picnic? Generally, China’s picnics 2 as “the spring outing” or “stepping on the green”. Picnics in China can be dated back to at least the Wei and Jin Dynasties, when people 3 meals by the water to celebrate the Shangsi Festival. It became one of 4 activities among women in the Tang Dynasty. A special picnic for women, often 5 daughters of officials and rich families, would be held. Ladies would wear flowers and enjoy food and drinks. In the Song Dynasty, people would have a 6 holiday for the Qingming Festival, and they would not only pay respect to 7 dead, but also enjoy scenery, food, and drinks on spring trips. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 8 more activities—kite-flying was a favorite. People had more ways 9 food, so people could eat hot food instead of cold food during the trip. Modern picnics in schools are like “outdoor cooking”. Students are taken out and are organized to cook meals by 10 to build character and learn valuable life lessons. Have you ever gone on a picnic with your family or friends? Why not take a short trip, find grassland and enjoy a picnic with them? 1. A．when B．why C．how 2. A．were known B．are known C．have known 3. A．hold B．held C．were holding 4. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 5. A．with B．by C．for 6. A．seven-day B．seventh day C．seven days 7. A．a B．an C．the 8. A．it was B．there were C．they are 9. A．prepare B．prepared C．to prepare 10. A．them B．themselves C．theirs 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文讲述了中国野餐文化源远流长，历代传承发展，融合自然与社交。 1. 句意：中国人什么时候开始外出野餐的？ when何时；why为何；how如何。根据“Do you know…”和语境可知，这里表示询问时间点。故选A。 2. 句意：一般来说，中国的野餐被称为“春游”或“踏青”。 were known为人所知；are known为人所知；have known已知。主语“China’s picnics”，为复数，是被称为，且“Generally”表明是当前普遍认知，需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 3. 句意：中国的野餐至少可以追溯到魏晋时期，当时人们在水边吃饭来庆祝上巳节。 hold持有；held持有，过去式；were holding持有，过去进行时。根据“Picnics in China can be dated back to at least the Wei and Jin Dynasties, when people”可知，该句为一般过去时，描述过去的动作，动词填过去式，故选B。 4. 句意：它成为唐代妇女中最受欢迎的活动之一。 popular受欢迎的；more popular更受欢迎的；the most popular最受欢迎的。“one of"后需接形容词最高级，表示“最……之一”。故选C。 5. 句意：妇女们，通常是官员和富裕家庭的女儿，会举行一场特殊的野餐。 with和；by由；for为了。此处用for表示对象（为女性举办），故选C。 6. 句意：在宋代，人们会在清明节放七天假，他们不仅会祭奠死者，还会在春游中享受风景、美食和饮料。 seven-day七天的；seventh day第七天；seven days七天。此处用复合形容词“seven-day”作定语修饰holiday。故选A。 7. 句意：在宋代，人们会在清明节放七天假，他们不仅会祭奠死者，还会在春游中享受风景、美食和饮料。 a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。the dead“逝者”是固定用法，用定冠词the表特定群体。故选C。 8. 句意：在明清时期，有更多的活动——放风筝是最受欢迎的。 it was它是；there were有；they are他们是。描述“存在更多活动”需用存现句，主语是“more activities”，there were“有”符合题意，故选B。 9. 句意：人们有了更多的方法来准备食物，所以人们在旅途中可以吃热的食物而不是冷的食物。 prepare准备；prepared准备好的；to prepare准备，不定式。此处表示准备食物的方式，不定式to prepare作后置定语修饰ways。故选C。 10. 句意：学生们被带出去，并组织自己做饭，以建立品格和学习宝贵的人生经验。 them他们；themselves他们自己；theirs他们的。by themselves“亲自/独立”，强调学生动手操作，反身代词表示“他们自己”。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025·广东珠海·三模）With the development of our country, it’s truly amazing to see the changes in my hometown. I 1 up in a village in China with my grandparents, and back then, life was simple and then wasn’t much technology around. 2 no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes. The only way 3 news was through a radio at the gate of the village, and only the rich could afford a television. When 4 watched it at night, the whole village would gather around to join in. However, with time goes by, the changes are quite surprising. In recent years, technology 5 an important role in daily life in China. Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes 6 by people widely. Our quality of life has been 7 improved. The roads are no longer muddy (泥泞的). Almost every family 8 a television, and there is even air conditioning to reduce the summer heat. Medical care can be gotten much 9 with the use of cars or taxis. The world is always changing and developing, and the progress we’ve seen in 10 last 30 years is unbelievable. I can’t help but wonder how different things will be in the next 30 years! 1. A．grow B．will grow C．grew 2. A．They were B．There were C．It was 3. A．receiving B．to receive C．received 4. A．they B．them C．their 5. A．played B．plays C．has played 6. A．are used B．were used C．used 7. A．great B．greatly C．greatness 8. A．have B．has C．had 9. A．easier B．more easily C．easily 10. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文主要介绍作者家乡的变化。 1. 句意：我和祖父母一起在中国的一个村庄长大，那时的生活很简单，也没有太多的科技。 grow一般现在时；will grow一般将来时；grew一般过去时。根据“life was simple and then wasn’t much technology around”可知，时态是一般过去时，故选C。 2. 句意：大多数家庭没有智能手机、电脑，甚至没有电视机。 They were他们是；There were有；It was它是。根据“...no smart phones, computers, or even television sets in most homes.”可知，此处是there be句型，表示“有”，故选B。 3. 句意：接收新闻的唯一途径是通过村门口的收音机，只有富人才买得起电视机。 receiving动名词/现在分词；to receive动词不定式；received动词过去式。此处应使用动词不定式作后置定语修饰way，故选B。 4. 句意：晚上看的时候，全村的人都会围过来一起看。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。此处在句中作主语，用主格，故选A。 5. 句意：近年来，科技在中国人的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。 played一般过去时；plays一般现在时；has played现在完成时。根据“In recent years”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故选C。 6. 句意：手机、汽车、高铁和飞机被人们广泛使用。 are used一般现在时的被动语态；were used一般过去时的被动语态；used一般过去时。根据“Mobile phones, cars, high-speed trains, and airplanes...by people widely.”可知，主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 7. 句意：我们的生活质量大大提高了。 great形容词；greatly副词；greatness名词。此处在句中修饰动词，应使用副词形式，故选B。 8. 句意：几乎每个家庭都有电视，甚至还有空调来减少夏天的炎热。 have动词原形；has动词三单；had动词过去式。时态是一般现在时，主语是“every family”，动词用三单。故选B。 9. 句意：使用汽车或出租车可以更容易地获得医疗服务。 easier更容易的；more easily更容易地；easily容易地。根据“much”可知，此处应使用比较级，修饰动词用副词形式，故选B。 10. 句意：世界一直在变化和发展，过去30年我们所看到的进步是令人难以置信的。 a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头前；the定冠词表特指。in the last 30 years“在过去30年”，故选C。 Passage 3 （2025·广东东莞·三模）How long have you lived in Guangdong? Can you speak the local dialect (方言) called Cantonese? In Guangzhou Pui Ching Middle School, students are having 1 one-month Cantonese course. They learn 2 Cantonese with their teachers, and the teachers share interesting Cantonese sayings and history stories with them. Cantonese, also named Yueyu or Baihua, is a dialect 3 a history of over 2,000 years. There are about 85 million to 120 million Cantonese speakers around the world. It 4 widely in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macau and so on. An interesting fact is that Cantonese has nine tones. It has five 5 tones than Putonghua. The nine tones make Cantonese 6 more musical and lively. Many people like to sing along with the songs 7 . Sometimes they enjoy listening to Cantonese songs even though they don’t understand the lyrics completely. Mr. Li, a 8 father from Pui Ching Middle School, is thankful that the school provides the Cantonese course. “I’m glad to see that more and more children in our school begin to speak Cantonese. I encourage my daughter 9 Cantonese at home as much as possible. It’s important for the new generations to know 10 local culture.” he said to the news reporter. 1. A．a B．an C．the 2. A．every day B．everyday C．every day’s 3. A．by B．for C．with 4. A．is used B．is using C．was used 5. A．many B．more C．most 6. A．sound B．sounds C．sounded 7. A．exciting B．excited C．excitedly 8. A．student B．students C．student’s 9. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking 10. A．they B．them C．their 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 【导语】本文主要讲述广州培正中学开设粤语课程，介绍粤语相关情况及家长对课程的看法。 1. 句意：在广州培正中学，学生们正在上一门为期一个月的粤语课程。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头单词前）；an一个（用于元音音素开头单词前）；the（定冠词，表特指）。空后course是单数名词，且one-month是以辅音音素开头，所以应用a修饰。故选A。 2. 句意：他们和老师一起学习日常粤语，老师们还会给他们分享有趣的粤语俗语和历史故事。 every day每天（作时间状语）；everyday日常的（形容词，修饰名词）；every day’s 每天的（所有格形式，表所属）。根据“They learn...Cantonese with their teachers,可知，这里修饰Cantonese“粤语”，要用形容词everyday。故选B。 3. 句意：粤语，也叫粤语或白话，是一种有两千多年历史的方言。 by通过（表方式等）；for为了、对于（表目的、对象等）；with有（表伴随、具有）。根据“Cantonese, also named...over 2,000 years.”可知，with a history of...是常用表达，表示“有……的历史”。故选C。 4. 句意：它在广东、广西、香港、澳门等地被广泛使用。 is used被使用（一般现在时被动语态）；is using正在使用（现在进行时主动形式）；was used被使用（一般过去时被动语态）。根据“It...widely in...Macau and so on.”可知，主语It和use是被动关系，并且是一般现在时描述客观情况，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 5. 句意：它比普通话多五个声调。 many许多（原级，修饰可数名词复数）；more更多（比较级）；most最多（最高级）。根据“It has five...tones than Putonghua.”可知，这里有than（比较级标志），应用more。故选B。 6. 句意：这九个声调让粤语听起来更具音乐性和生动性。 sound听起来（动词原形）；sounds听起来（第三人称单数形式）；sounded听起来（过去式）。make sth. do sth.“使某物做某事；让某物做某事”，应用动词原形sound。故选A。 7. 句意：很多人喜欢跟着令人兴奋的歌曲一起唱。 exciting令人兴奋的（形容词，修饰物）；excited兴奋的（形容词，修饰人）；excitedly兴奋地（副词）。根据“The nine tones make...musical and lively.”可知，此处修饰动词 sing，要用副词excitedly，表示“兴奋地跟着歌曲唱”。故选C。 8. 句意：来自培正中学的一位学生的父亲李先生，很感激学校开设粤语课程。 student学生（名词）；students学生们（名词复数）；student’s学生的（名词所有格）。根据“Mr. Li, a... father .”可知，这里表示“学生的父亲”，应用所有格student’s 。故选C。 9. 句意：我鼓励我的女儿在家尽可能多说粤语。 speak说（动词原形）；to speak去说（动词不定式）；speaking说（动名词/现在分词）。根据“I encourage my...much as possible.”可知，encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，应用to speak。故选B。 10. 句意：对新一代来说，了解他们的本土文化很重要。 they他们（主格）；them他们（宾格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）。根据“to know...local culture.”可知，这里修饰名词短语local culture“本土文化”，应用形容词性物主代词their。故选C。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （2025·山东潍坊·中考真题）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 “Where’s Papa going with that axe (斧子)?” said Fern to her mother while they 1 (set) the table for breakfast. “Out to the pig house,” replied Mrs. Arable. “Some pigs were born last night.” “I don’t see why an axe 2 (need),” continued Fern. “Well,” said her mother, “one of the pigs is too small and weak 3 (live). So your father has decided to do away with it.” “You mean kill it?” Fern shouted. “Just because it’s 4 (small) than the others?” Fern ran outdoors 5 (quick). She caught up with her father. “Please don’t kill it!” she cried. “It’s unfair!” Mr. Arable stopped 6 (walk). “Fern,” he said gently, “you will have to learn to control yourself.” “Control 7 (I)?” yelled Fern. “This is a matter of life and death.” She took hold of the axe. “Fern,” said Mr. Arable, “I know more about raising pigs. A weakling usually makes trouble.” “But the pig couldn’t help being born small, could it?” cried Fern. “If I had been very small at birth, would you have killed me?” Mr. Arable smiled. “But this is different...” “I see no 8 (different),” replied Fern. “This is the worst case I 9 (hear) of since I was born!” “All right,” he said. “I will let you feed it with a bottle, as 10 (baby) are fed. Then you will see what trouble a pig can be.” When Mr. Arable returned to the house, he carried a box under his arm. Fern opened the box. There, inside, looking up at her, was the newborn pig. 【答案】 1. were setting 2. is needed 3. to live 4. smaller 5. quickly 6. walking 7. myself 8. difference 9. have heard 10. babies 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩Fern和她的家人在农场中的一次争论。 1. 句意：当她们在摆放早餐餐具时，弗恩问妈妈。根据“while they…the table”可知，此处描述过去某个时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，根据they可知，助动词用were，故填were setting。 2. 句意：我不明白为什么需要斧头。axe与动词need之间是被动关系，结合don’t可知，此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语axe是单数，助动词用is，故填is needed。 3. 句意：其中一只猪太小太弱，无法存活。根据“too small and weak…”可知，固定搭配“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”，故填to live。 4. 句意：仅仅因为它比其他猪小吗？根据“than the others”可知，此处是比较级结构，故填smaller。 5. 句意：弗恩迅速跑出门外。此空修饰动词ran，应填副词quickly，故填quickly。 6. 句意：阿拉布尔先生停下脚步。根据“Mr. Arable stopped”可知，“stop doing”表示停止正在做的事，故填walking。 7. 句意：弗恩反问：“控制我自己？”根据“control yourself”可知，此处反问“控制我自己？”，myself“我自己”，故填myself。 8. 句意：我看不出有什么区别。no后面需接名词形式，different是形容词，对应的名词是difference，此处是不可数名词，故填difference。 9. 句意：这是我出生以来听过的最糟糕的事！since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have heard。 10. 句意：我会让你用奶瓶给它喂食，就像给婴儿喂食那样。根据are可知，此空应填复数形式babies，故填babies。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the week-long National Day holidays, the mysterious Ailao Mountains (哀牢山) in Yunnan Province southwest of China, became very popular. The government responsible for the management of the site said that the 1 (safe) of tourists can be ensured as long as they visit the opened areas and follow the rules. But if someone goes where they 2 (not allow), they might have to pay a fine (罚款) of up to 5,000 yuan ($710). It all started when an online blogger shared a video 3 showed the mountains looking foggy and a bit scary. There were warning signs saying “bears nearby,” which made people feel a bit frightened but excited. Soon lots of curious tourists wanted to see it 4 (they), causing traffic jams on the mountain roads. The Ailao Mountains is located in the 5 (center) part of Yunnan and covers three cities. Some people call these mountains the “Forest of Death” because of the deep valleys, thick forests, and unpredictable weather. It’s known as the 6 (big), least touched, and most complete forest ecosystem (生态系统) at that part of the world. It’s so far 7 and natural, and there are many “mysterious stories” about it. The edge (边缘) of the Ailao Mountains are open for travelers, and it’s safe as long as they follow the rules. 8 deep inside the mountains, where tourists can’t go, there are forests without roads. The weather there can be very bad, 9 (make) people feel sick because of the height and get very cold. Also, the magnetic field (磁场) there can make compasses stop working, making it easy to get lost. So, it’s necessary 10 (respect) nature and follow the rules when visiting such places! 【答案】 1. safety 2. aren’t allowed 3. that/which 4. themselves 5. central 6. biggest 7. away 8. But 9. making 10. to respect 【导语】本文主要讲述了国庆假期期间云南哀牢山走红，介绍了其特点、部分区域对游客开放及需遵守规定的原因，强调参观时要尊重自然、遵守规则。 1. 句意：负责该景点管理的政府表示，只要游客前往开放区域并遵守规定，他们的安全就能得到保障。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，此处需要填一个名词。safe是形容词，意为“安全的”，其名词形式是safety，表示“安全”，符合语境。故填safety。 2. 句意：但如果有人去了不允许去的地方，他们可能要支付高达5000元（710美元）的罚款。分析句子结构可知，they和allow之间是被动关系，即“他们不被允许”，所以此处要用被动语态，主语是they，且句子描述的是一般情况，所以be动词用are，allow的过去分词是allowed，否定形式为aren’t allowed。故填aren’t allowed。 3. 句意：这一切始于一位网络博主分享了一段视频，视频中群山雾气弥漫，有点吓人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是a video，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，所以可以用关系代词that或which来引导。故填that/which。 4. 句意：很快，许多好奇的游客想亲自去看看，导致山路交通堵塞。根据语境可知，此处表示“游客们想亲自去看看”，they是人称代词主格，其反身代词是themselves，意为“他们自己”，符合语境。故填themselves。 5. 句意：哀牢山位于云南中部，覆盖三个城市。根据空前的the和空后的part可知，此处需要填一个形容词来修饰名词part。center是名词，意为“中心”，其形容词形式是central，表示“中心的，中央的”，the central part of...意为 “……的中部”，符合语境。故填central。 6. 句意：它被认为是世界上该地区最大、最少被触碰、最完整的森林生态系统。根据空前的the以及空后的least touched”，“most complete可知，此处要用形容词的最高级形式，与后面的两个最高级并列。big的最高级是biggest，意为“最大的”，符合语境。故填biggest。 7. 句意：它是如此遥远和自然，而且有很多关于它的“神秘故事”。far away是固定短语，意为“遥远的”，符合语境，强调距离远。故填away。 8. 句意：但在山脉深处，游客不能去的地方，有没有路的森林。前一句提到“哀牢山的边缘对游客开放，只要遵守规定就很安全”，后一句说的是山脉深处游客不能去，前后两句之间是转折关系，所以此处要用表示转折的连词。But意为“但是”，符合语境，且位于句首首字母要大写。故填But。 9. 句意：那里的天气可能非常恶劣，由于海拔高度，人们会感到不适，而且会非常寒冷。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填一个非谓语动词，the weather there can be very bad与make people feel sick...之间是主动关系，即天气导致人们感到不适等，所以用现在分词形式作结果状语。make的现在分词是making。故填making。   10. 句意：所以，在参观这样的地方时，尊重自然并遵守规定是必要的！It’s necessary to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是必要的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。respect是动词，意为“尊重”，所以此处填to respect。故填to respect。 Passage 3 （2025·贵州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know about Chinese painting? It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It 1 (have) a long history and fine traditions in the field of art in the world. 2 (draw) a Chinese painting, you need a writing brush, ink (墨), rice paper, and ink stone. Especially, rice paper (xuan paper) is the best tool for Chinese painting because it allows the writing brush, wet with Chinese ink and held in a well-trained hand to move 3 (free) on it. Three main subjects of Chinese pointing are human figures (人物), landscapes, and birds and 4 (flower). For example, the painting of ladies, the painting of mountains, and the painting of insects and fish. Figure painting became highly 5 (develop) during the Tang dynasty. And landscape painting 6 (reach) its height during the Song dynasty. Two main techniques (技巧) can be found in Chinese painting. One 7 (be) gongbi often referred to as “fine-line” painting. This style of painting pays close attention to detail. Very often it 8 (use) to draw people or animals. The other is freehand style, referred to as “xieyi”. It pays more attention to expressing an 9 (artist) feelings. Artists often use this technique in landscape paintings. Chinese paintings do not try to draw the out-looking of a subject, but 10 (it) nature or character. Every area of the painting is interesting to the eye. 【答案】 1. has 2. To draw 3. freely 4. flowers 5. developed 6. reached 7. is 8. is used 9. artist’s 10. its 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国画的特点、工具、主题和技法。 1. 句意：它在世界艺术领域有着悠久的历史和优良的传统。根据“It…a long history”可知，主语是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，动词用三单形式。故填has。 2. 句意：要画中国画，你需要毛笔、墨、宣纸和砚台。根据“you need a writing brush, ink (墨), rice paper, and ink stone.”可知，此处是目的状语，用不定式表示目的。故填To draw。 3. 句意：特别是宣纸是中国画最好的工具，因为宣纸可以让毛笔沾上中国墨水，用训练有素的手在宣纸上自由地移动。修饰动词move需用副词形式。故填freely。 4. 句意：中国画的三大主题是人物、山水和花鸟。根据“birds and…”可知，与birds并列需用复数名词。故填flowers。 5. 句意：人物画在唐代得到了高度发展。become后接形容词，develop的形容词形式是 developed，意为“发达的”，故填developed。 6. 句意：山水画在宋代达到了顶峰。根据“during the Song dynasty”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填reached。 7. 句意：一种是工笔，通常被称为“细线”画。根据“One…gongbi”可知，主语是单数，时态为一般现在时。故填is。 8. 句意：它经常被用来画人物或动物。根据“it…to draw”可知，此处是被动语态，时态为一般现在时，主语是三单。故填is used。 9. 句意：它更注重表达艺术家的情感。根据“an…feelings”可知，需用名词所有格修饰feelings。故填artist’s。 10. 句意：中国画不试图描绘主题的外表，而是其本质或特征。根据“…nature or character”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词指代subject。故填its。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$