Unit 3 On the move Grammar and composition 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版选修第一册

牛津译林版高中英语学程一课件 Unit 3 On the move Grammar and composition Page 34-35 Subjunctive mood (I): unreal conditionals sub·junct·ive /səbˈdʒʌŋktɪv/ 虚拟式；虚拟语气 制作者：桂东一中　李宇平 ◆ 内容分析 本板块围绕单元话题，引导我们在有关“城市交通系统”的语篇中，观察、探究虚拟条件句的使用情况，自主归纳其核心规则；再通过单句、语篇两个层面的巩固练习，内化新知；最后运用所学，准确、恰当、得体地使用目标语法，完成关于如何改善家乡交通的对话任务，使语法知识的运用和话题意义相结合，实现“形式—意义—使用”三者的统一。 ◆ 教学目标 By the end of this section, we will be able to: 1. identify the use of unreal conditionals; 2. work out the rules of unreal conditionals; 3.use unreal conditionals to finish the tasks of correcting mistakes and completing an entry; 4.make a conversation about how to improve their hometown’s traffic using unreal conditionals. con·di·tion·al  /kənˈdɪʃənl/ 条件句,条件从句 A. Exploring the rules Page 34 Rachel is reading a blog post about a city’s transport system. Find the sentences with unreal conditionals and fill in the table below. The first one has been done for you. Present Past Future Mixed If the city hadn’t built the underground system, getting around wouldn’t be so convenient. If they lived in our city, they could use the ferry from time to time. If this airport hadn’t been constructed, our city wouldn’t have attracted so many tourists. If a bigger airport were built, the traveller experience should be greatly improved. Once a small ancient town, our city has mushroomed over the past decades, becoming one of the largest in our country. This rapid growth has, not surprisingly, resulted in increased traffic. Luckily, city planners have tackled the problem to keep everything running efficiently. Today our effective transport system caters for everyone’s needs and we are very proud of it. mush·room  /ˈmʌʃrʊm/迅速发展/增长;快速生长;采蘑菇 The city’s road network is spread like a web, and buses are the most convenient transport option. Citizens can get to work and school and visit their favourite city hotspots quickly and comfortably. Another popular transport option is the underground, which was brought into use ten years ago. If the city hadn’t built the underground system, getting around wouldn’t be so convenient. Now the city has plans for more underground lines, which is excellent! Our city has one airport, which has served travellers faithfully for years. If this airport hadn’t been constructed, our city wouldn’t have attracted so many tourists. However, the increased demand for travelling, both domestically and internationally, means the air transport facilities need to be upgraded. A proposal for a new bigger international airport is under review, creating much excitement. If a bigger airport were built, the traveller experience should be greatly improved. domestically/dəˈmestɪkli/国内地;家庭式地;适合国内地 re·view  /rɪˈvjuː/ 评审,审查,检查,检讨(以进行必要的修改) When visitors come to our city, they can enjoy a wide range of transport options. I recommend they try our river ferries. A big part of our city’s history, ferry transport offers many scenic journeys. If they lived in our city, they could use the ferry from time to time. With so many easy ways to get around, everyone can expect their travels in our city to be full of interesting experiences! scenic /ˈsiːnɪk/ 风景优美的;舞台布景的 Working out the rules • To talk about an (1) __________ (imaginary/actual) situation, we use unreal conditionals. • We form unreal conditionals in different ways. Present: If … were/did …, … would/should/could do … Past: If … (2) ______________ …, …would/should/could have done … (3) _______: If … were/did/should do/were to do …, … would/should/could do … • We use mixed conditionals when the time of the main clause is different from that of the if-clause. imaginary had been/done Future 虚拟语气（一）：虚拟条件句 Page 93-94 在英语中，表示假想或非真实情况时，常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气常见于含有条件状语从句的句子中。 1. 虚拟语气可以用来表示现在时间的假想情况，此时从句谓语用一般过去时（be 动词的过去式通常用 were），主句谓语用“would/should/could + 动词原形”。如： If I were taller, I could join the basketball team. If you spent more time exercising, you would be more energetic. 2. 虚拟语气可以用来表示过去时间的假想情况，此时从句谓语用过去完成时，主句谓语用“would/should/could have + 过去分词”。如： If you had come five minutes early, you would have seen him. 表示对过去时间的假想情况，从句谓语也可以用“could have + 过去分词”。如： If I could have told you about the incident, I would have. 要是我当时能告诉你那件事的话，我肯定会告诉你的。 3. 虚拟语气可以用来表示将来时间的假想情况，此时从句谓语可以用一般过去时（be 动词的过去式通常用 were）, “were to + 动词原形”或“should + 动词原形”，主句谓语用“would/should/could + 动词原形”。如： If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you. If he were to arrive late, people would complain about it. If he should come tomorrow, I could talk to him about it. 4. 其他用法 (1) 如果条件状语从句和主句的时间不一致，要根据具体情况使用动词的适当形式。如： If I had watered the flowers yesterday, they would look much better now. (2) 条件状语从句含有 were,had 或 should 时，可以将它们置于句首，省略连接词 if。如： Were you to take the train, you could get there sooner. Had you told me the truth earlier, I would not have complained. Should you make a mistake, you would have to do the experiment again. B. Applying the rules Page 35 B1.There is one mistake in each of the sentences below. Circle the mistakes and correct them in the blanks. 1. You would not be so upset if you are not caught in this traffic jam. 2. If this train moved faster, we are arriving at our destination sooner. 3. If cars were invented in ancient times, what would our ancestors’ lives have been like? were would arrive had been 4. If my car were a flying car, I will never get stuck in traffic. 5. The flight might not be cancelled if the weather had been better. B2. Rachel is writing a competition entry on the topic “Improving our city’s traffic”. Complete it with the correct clauses in the box below. There is one clause you do NOT need to use. Write the letters in the blanks. would might not have been were a. If the ATCS had been installed in the past b. If traditional traffic systems should be replaced with the ATCS c. If I were asked to introduce one smart technology to improve our city’s traffic d. If they were not forced to sit at an unnecessary red light e. If traffic light timing cycles were not adaptive ATCS自适应交通控制系统(Adaptive Traffic Control System),空中交通管制服务（air traffic control services） adap·tive  /əˈdæptɪv/adj. 适应的；有适应能力的 The long line of traffic at the green light moves slowly, as usual. Shaking your head in frustration, you wonder if you will make it to work on time. With today’s smart technologies, this situation should become a thing of the past. (1) _________________________________________ __________________________________, I would suggest installing the Adaptive Traffic Control System (ATCS), a smart traffic management system. make it（尤指在困难情况下）准时到达 c. If I were asked to introduce one smart technology to improve our city’s traffic (2) _______________________________________________ _________, its machine learning technology would improve our city’s traffic flow enormously. The ATCS employs cameras and sensors to continually collect data about vehicles approaching traffic lights, and then it analyses vehicle movement patterns. With this information, it can adjust red and green light timing cycles to keep vehicles moving smoothly according to real-time traffic conditions. improve traffic flow 改善交通流量 adjust red and green light timing cycles调整红灯和绿灯的时序周期 b. If traditional traffic systems should be replaced with the ATCS For example, at peak travel times, green lights that last longer can ensure a more fluid stream of traffic. (3) ________________________________________, drivers might be stuck in traffic jams more frequently. (4) _____________________________________, our city’s air pollution would have been sharply reduced. As the ATCS reduces the constant “stop-go” action, which contributes to carbon emissions, it helps lower the amount of pollutants. fluid  /ˈfluːɪd/ 流畅优美的 stream (of sth/sb)（人）流；（车）流 pol·lu·tant  /pəˈluːtənt/ 污染物；污染物质 e. If traffic light timing cycles were not adaptive a. If the ATCS had been installed in the past In the end, installing the system could provide a highly effective solution to both traffic jams and air pollution. B3. In pairs, talk about ways to improve your hometown’s traffic using unreal conditionals. The beginning of the conversation has been given. A: My dad drove me to school today and the traffic was so bad that I was late for class! B: You know, if our city had improved the traffic flow at peak times, you might not have been late. A: I agree. Any ideas? B: It would be great if there were fewer vehicles on the road. Perhaps the city could make public transport more attractive to commuters. com·muter  /kəˈmjuːtə(r)/ （远距离）上下班往返的人 A: You’re right. If they expanded the public bus network, arranged a more convenient bus timetable and increased the number of buses at peak periods, commuters might choose public transport over private cars. B: I know I would take the bus if they did that! Workbook Page 67 B. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets. 1. If you __________(take) notes carefully in class, you would have passed the test. 2. What _____________ (happen) if you lacked confidence in yourself? 3. If you were well prepared for every lesson, you _____________ (improve) your academic performance. 4. If we _________(leave) half an hour early, we would not be caught in the storm now. had taken would happen would improve had left 5. If Simon _____________(follow) my advice, he would have found a solution to the dilemma. 6. If you _____ (keep) practising every day, you would greatly improve your language skills. 7. If you took action right now, you _______________ (achieve) your full potential in your studies. 8. ________ we ______ (lose) one more point, we would be knocked out of the game. knock sb out (of sth)把…淘汰出（比赛） had followed kept would achieve Should lose $$