精品解析：山东省菏泽市定陶区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

八年级英语 注意事项： 1. 本试题满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 2. 请务必在答题卡规定的答题区域内作答，选择题须用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须用0. 5毫米的黑色签字笔书写。 一、听力（共三节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案填涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5个句子。每个句子后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听每个句子前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每个句子读两遍。 1. A. Nu Wa. B. The Monkey King. C. Yu Gong. 2. A. In England. B. It’s very long. C. In China. 3. A. Sounds good. B. Pop music. C. I like music best. 4. A. By subway. B. Last Sunday. C. He’s been there twice. 5. A. Since 2 years ago. B. 2 years ago. C. In 2 years. 第二节（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有1道或几道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题 6. How long did the girl spend watching Journey to the West yesterday? A. 4 hours. B. 5 hours. C. 6 hours. 7. What does Tom think of the Monkey King? A. He’s honest but kind of silly. B. He’s a normal monkey. C. He’s brave and clever. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题 8. Who is Bob Dylan? A. A Canadian writer. B. An Australian musician. C. An American musician. 9. How many pages of the book has Lisa finished? A. 102 pages. B. 103 pages. C. 301 pages. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题 10. How many times has the mother been to Tian’anmen square? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 11. How large is the Imperial Palace? A. About 440,000 square meters. B. About 540,000 square meters. C. About 723,600 square meters. 12. When will the family visit the Imperial Palace? A. This October. B. This September. C. This August. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题 13. What did Jane do during the vacation? A. She did housework. B. She went to a foreign country. C. She looked after her baby sister. 14. Who did Jack surf with? A. His cousin. B. His brother. C. His father. 15. How long has Mike lived in Hawaii? A. For 5 years. B. For 10 years. C. For 15 years. 第三节（共5个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面一段独白，独白后有5个填空题。请你听完独白的第二遍朗读后，将你听到的单词的正确形式，填在答题卡相应的位置。独白读两遍。现在你有30秒钟的时间阅读以下小题。 Jenny went to Amy’s house as a ________ last Sunday. On the door she found a green wooden ________. It reads,” Before entering, please put down your ________. When returning, bring back your happiness.” After going in the house. Amy’s family ________ her warmly. They were very polite and happy. Amy said she wanted to ________ people to be happy. 二、阅读（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列文本，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Mary is a 13-year-old girl. She had a bad cough yesterday. She didn’t want to eat anything. Her mother took her to see a doctor. The doctor gave her a bottle of medicine and told her to take it according to the instructions (用法说明). Cough Medicine Shake the medicine before taking it. Take the medicine three times a day after meals. How much to take each time: Over 14 years old 2 spoons 8-14 years old 1 spoon 4-7 years old 1/2 spoon The medicine is NOT for children under the age of 4. Keep the medicine in a cool place. Take the medicine before November 30, 2025 1. How much medicine should Mary take each time? A. 1/2 spoon. B. 1 spoon. C. 2 spoons. D. 3 spoons. 2. What should Mary do with the medicine after November 30, 2025? A. Throw it away. B. Keep it in a cool place. C. Give it to a hospital. D. Take it as usual. 3. What do we know about this cough medicine? A. It should be taken twice a day. B. It should be taken before meals. C. It shouldn’t be kept in a cool place. D. Children under the age of 4 can’t take it. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是13岁女孩Mary咳嗽、不想吃东西，妈妈带她看医生，医生开咳嗽药并附用法说明，介绍用药剂量、禁忌、保存条件、保质期等信息，指导正确用药。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Mary is a 13-year-old girl.”以及“8-14 years old 1 spoon”可知，13岁对应1勺。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Take the medicine before November 30,2025”可知，过期应丢弃。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“NOT for children under 4”可知，4岁以下不能吃。故选D。 B Dear passengers. Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai- Xizang Railway. Sit back and enjoy the journey. Get ready for the trip of a lifetime. We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we race through this beautiful land. You might see a rare antelope (羚羊) from your window. Before we begin our journey, let’s learn about this amazing railway. It’s truly one of the greatest engineering wonders of the 21st century. When it was opened to traffic on July 1, 2006, the Qinghai-Xizang Railway set eight world records, including the world’s highest railway at 5,072 meters above sea level and the longest tunnel ever built on permafrost (永久冻土层). As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Soon there will only be 50 to 60 percent of the oxygen (氧气) which is used to breathe. But don’t be afraid. Each railcar has two separate oxygen systems. One system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. And each passenger can also get a personal oxygen mask just like those used in planes. Here are a few more things to think about as our train leaves the station. The designers (设计师) solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude (海拔) made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen. Second, much of the railway runs across permafrost, whose upper layer keeps changing as the weather warms and cools. Finally, the railway goes through some of the most sensitive ecology (敏感的生态环境) in China. Great care was necessary to make sure of the smallest possible influence on nature. All three challenges were met, making our trip possible. All passengers, the train to Xizang is leaving in fifteen minutes. 4. Where are the passengers? A. On a bus. B. On a plane. C. On a ship. D. On a train. 5. How does the text show the railway is amazing in Paragraph 3? A. By telling a story. B. By using a designer’s words. C. By introducing its world records. D. By comparing the present with the past. 6. What can we know from the passage? A. You might see a sheep from your window. B. It’s hard for the designers and builders to finish the railway. C. Only one system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. D. The most sensitive ecology keeps changing as the weather warms or cools. 7. Which of the following might be a difficulty of building the railway? A. The high altitude. B. The deep valley. C. The dangerous animals. D. Too many tall buildings. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文以列车广播视角，介绍青藏铁路，展现青藏铁路的伟大工程奇迹与旅行体验。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Dear passengers. Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai-Xizang Railway.”可知，乘客在乘火车。故选D。  【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据“set eight world records, including ...”可知，通过介绍世界纪录。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The designers (设计师) solved three main challenges”可知，设计师和建造者完成铁路困难。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“First, the high altitude (海拔) made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen.”可知，是高海拔。故选A。 C Podareva, a 29-year-old poet (诗人) from Russia, has loved poetry since she was a kid. After growing up, she wrote many poems in both Russian and English. But when she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her. “One thing that strikes me in reading and writing Chinese poetry is the power of the language— it’s melodious (悦耳的) and rhythmic,” said Podareva. Podareva has had many exciting experiences in China. But her most- loved memory is when she turned her poetry into a song titled If. “I wanted to create something positive to help boost (提高) people’s spirits in times of difficulty,” Podareva said. Podareva wrote, “I have come to love this land, growing up with its brave people … I’d let China take my burning heart.” This poem shows her support for China. The poem caught the attention of Zhu Hai, a music lover in Zhejiang Province. He turned it into a song, and they finally met in Shanghai in March 2023 to record it together. Podareva believes singing is the best way to express Chinese poetry because the language flows like music. Her journey reflects a beautiful connection (连接) between her Russian roots (根) and her love for China. 8. When did Podareva begin to love poetry? A. When she was a child. B. When she was 29 years old. C. When she studied in China. D. When she met Zhu Hai in Shanghai. 9. Why did Podareva turn her poetry into the song If? A. She wanted to encourage people to love this land. B. She wanted to make her song more and more famous. C She wanted to express her love for Chinese poetry and people. D. She wanted to encourage people to go through the difficult times. 10. What is the best way to express Chinese poetry according to Podareva? A. Travelling. B. Singing. C. Writing. D. Dancing. 11. What do we know about Podareva from the passage? A. She began to learn about Chinese poetry in 2013. B. She is a Russian singer who loved poetry at a young age. C. She taught Zhu Hai to write poems after they knew each other. D. She met Zhu Hai in Zhejiang Province and they became friends. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述29岁俄罗斯诗人Podareva的经历。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Podareva, a 29-year-old poet (诗人) from Russia, has loved poetry since she was a kid.”可知，从幼时就开始热爱诗歌。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I wanted to create something positive to help boost (提高) people’s spirits in times of difficulty”可知，是为了困难时期鼓舞人们。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Podareva believes singing is the best way to express Chinese poetry”可知，是通过唱歌。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“when she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her.”可知，2013年来华开始了解中国诗歌。故选A。 D As one of China’s largest heritage sites (遗址), the Forbidden City (紫禁城) is a must-see for all visitors to China. It sits in the heart of the capital city of Beijing. Thanks to skilled workers’ hard work over the past 600 years, all the wooden buildings, even doornails (门钉) are masterpieces that you are sure to enjoy with surprise. Since it was home to 24 Chinese emperors, there lie over 1.8 million pieces of art, mostly from the collection of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. As a result, it’s famous as one of the world’s largest cultural museums. After the Last Emperor of China left the palace, it later became a museum open to the public in 1925.  Since then, the Forbidden City was not “forbidden” anymore; it is popular with both Chinese and foreign tourists. There are 17 million visitors visiting here every year, especially on national holidays and weekends, which makes it the world’s most visited museum. It is quite easy to travel to the Forbidden City because it is right next to Tian’anmen Square. At the Forbidden City, much of a tour is spent walking between the buildings and down the walkways, or standing in the yards, gardens, and squares. Since it’s rich in history and culture, it’s better for you to travel with a good local guide, who can bring the stories of each treasure to life and help you avoid meeting too many people. 12. Why is the Forbidden City one of the world’s largest cultural museums? A. It has a history of more than 600 years. B. It has more than 1.8 million pieces of art. C. It attracts the tourists from China and abroad. D. It lies in the heart of the capital city of Beijing. 13. When did the Forbidden City become a museum open to the public? A. During the Ming Dynasty. B. During the Qing Dynasty. C. In 1425. D. In 1925. 14. Which is the best way to visit the Forbidden City? A. Walking with a local guide. B. Cycling with foreign friends. C. Sightseeing on a plane. D. Taking a taxi with your history teacher. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. What is the Forbidden City. B. What to do in the Forbidden City. C. Introduction to the Forbidden City. D. How to avoid meeting too many people. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了故宫的历史、文化价值、开放时间及游览建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“there lie over 1.8 million pieces of art…it’s famous as one of the world’s largest cultural museums”可知，故宫因收藏180多万件艺术品而成为世界最大文化博物馆之一。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“it later became a museum open to the public in 1925”可知，明确说明故宫于1925年对外开放。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“it’s better for you to travel with a good local guide”可知，最佳游览方式是跟随当地导游步行游览。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。全文从历史、艺术收藏、开放时间及游览建议多角度介绍故宫，选项C “Introductions to the Forbidden City” 最全面概括主题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面文本，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，注意有一项是多余的。 Having worries is a part of life that everyone has, but in some ways it’s not so bad. It can help you to overcome fears and anger. ____16____. Then everything will be okay. Start your day with deep breaths. When you start the day with too much work, the worry begins. “How will I be able to get all this done? What if I don’t have enough time? What if I let people down?” Start your day with 30-60 seconds of deep breathing. ____17____ Stay in the present. This is the most simple and useful way, yet often hard to do. All the “what ifs” are about the future. The upcoming difficulties you are worrying about have not happened yet. So focus on the present, and tell yourself you will work out the problems soon. ____18____. Having something hot can make your blood pressure drop and help you calm down. Coffee, hot chocolate or tea works for this. Slowly drink it and focus on the taste. Relax and try doing meditation (冥想). Meditation is used commonly by many people to clear the mind. You can sit with your legs crossed in a comfortable place. ____19____. Think about something relaxing. This way, you can feel better. Talk to someone, like a friend. You could talk to your friends or someone you trust. ____20____. After some time you’ll find you have nothing to worry about. You might look back and have no idea what you were worrying about. If it doesn’t work, talking it out loud can certainly calm you a bit more. A. It will make you feel relaxed. B. Slowly drink something hot. C. Even talking to your pet can help a lot. D. Try to work out the problem as soon as possible. E. Read the following and you might put your worries to the side. F. You can also put your hands on your knees and close your eyes. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是主要介绍了应对忧虑的几种方法，包括深呼吸开启新一天、活在当下、喝热饮、冥想以及和他人交流等。 【16题详解】 根据“Start your day with deep breaths.”可知，后文介绍应对忧虑的具体方法，此处应是引出这些方法，选项E“阅读以下内容，你或许能把忧虑放到一边”符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据“Start your day with 30-60 seconds of deep breathing.”可知，此句表示以30-60秒的深呼吸开始新的一天，由此可知深呼吸会让人放松，选项A“这会让你感觉放松”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据“Having something hot can make your blood pressure drop and help you calm down.”可知，此处讲的是喝热的东西，选项B“慢慢喝些热的东西”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据“Meditation is used commonly by many people to clear mind. You can sit with your legs crossed in a comfortable place.”可知，说的是冥想时的动作，选项F“你也可以把双手放在膝盖上，闭上眼睛”符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据“Talk to someone, like a friend. You could talk to your friends or someone you trust.”可知，接着讲述和谁交流，选项C“即使和你的宠物交流也会有很大帮助”符合语境。故选C。 三、语言知识运用（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Today was an amazing day. There was a total solar eclipse (日全食) in Wuhan, I ____21____ early because I couldn’t wait to see it. My friends and I went down to the Yangtze River to find a good place to watch it. We took cameras, chairs, food and drink, and special ____22____ so we could look at it. Lots of people gathered (聚集) there to watch too. Slowly, the moon ____23____ in front of the sun. It looked like someone bit a hole in the sun. It got darker and darker as the moon slowly ____24____ the sun. At 9:26 a. m. the ____25____ completely covered the sun. The sky went dark. The crowd gasped and cheered. The light of the sun made a ____26____ of light around the moon. I took this photograph then. The total eclipse lasted for over five minutes! Then it passed and the sky started to get ____27____ again. I was really inspired (鼓舞) by the eclipse this morning. In the afternoon, I spent hours ____28____ about astronomers, eclipses, and how the planets move in our solar system. The universe (宇宙) is simply ____29____! I also watched some videos with famous Chinese astronauts. I want to become an ____30____ someday too. The sky is the limit! 21. A. stayed in B. tried on C. woke up D. got out 22. A. clothes B. glasses C. trousers D. uniforms 23 A. danced B. shook C. slept D. moved 24. A. covered B. fed C. followed D. killed 25. A. tree B. moon C. mountain D. river 26. A. ring B. belt C. line D. list 27. A. lighter B. warmer C. darker D. brighter 28. A. talking B. caring C. reading D. worrying 29. A. exciting B. amazing C. terrible D. hopeless 30. A. inventor B. officer C. engineer D. astronaut 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者观看日全食的经历及对宇宙的感悟，表达作者想要成为宇航员的梦想。 【21题详解】 句意：武汉出现了日全食，我醒得很早，因为迫不及待想要看到它。 stayed in待在……里；tried on试穿；woke up醒来；got out出去。根据“There was a total solar eclipse (日全食) in Wuhan, I ... early because I couldn’t wait to see it.”可知，看日食要早起，“woke up”符合语境。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：我们带上了相机、椅子、食物、饮料，还有特殊的眼镜，这样就能观测日食了。 clothes衣服；glasses眼镜；trousers裤子；uniforms制服。根据“We took cameras, chairs, food and drink, and special ... so we could look at it.”可知，看日食需专用 “眼镜”保护眼睛。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：慢慢地，月亮移动到了太阳前面。 danced跳舞；shook摇晃；slept睡觉；moved移动。根据“Slowly, the moon ... in front of the sun.”可知，日食原理是月亮“移动”遮挡太阳。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：随着月亮缓缓遮住太阳，天变得越来越暗。 covered覆盖；fed喂养；followed跟随；killed杀死。根据“It got darker and darker as the moon slowly ... the sun.”可知，月亮“覆盖”太阳导致天黑。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：上午9点26分，月亮完全遮住了太阳。 tree树；moon月亮；mountain山；river河流。根据“At 9:26 a. m. the ... completely covered the sun.”可知，日食是月亮遮太阳。故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：太阳的光芒在月亮周围形成了一道光环。 ring环；belt腰带；line线；list清单。根据“The light of the sun made a ... of light around the moon.”可知，日食时太阳会形成“光环”。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：随后，日食结束，天空又开始变得更亮。 lighter更轻；warmer更温暖的；darker更暗的；brighter更明亮的。根据“Then it passed and the sky started to get ... again.”可知，日食结束，天空恢复 “brighter”。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：下午，我花了好几个小时阅读有关天文学家、日食，以及太阳系中行星运行方式的资料。 talking谈论；caring关心；reading阅读；worrying担心。根据“In the afternoon, I spent hours ... about astronomers, eclipses, and how the planets move in our solar system.”可知，“reading about”符合了解天文知识的方式。故选C。 【29题详解】 句意：宇宙简直太神奇了！ exciting令人兴奋的；amazing令人惊叹的，神奇的；terrible糟糕的；hopeless无望的。根据“The universe (宇宙) is simply ... !”可知，日食展现宇宙奇妙，“amazing”贴合对宇宙的感受。故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：我也希望有朝一日能成为一名宇航员。 inventor发明家；officer官员；engineer工程师；astronaut宇航员。根据“I want to become an ... someday too.”可知，前文提看宇航员视频，所以想当“宇航员”。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once upon a time, there was a mother duck. She had six little ducklings. Five of the ducklings ____31____ (be) small and yellow, but the last duckling was big and gray, “He doesn’t look like us! What ____32____ ugly duckling!” the other ____33____ (duckling) said. “That’s not nice!” said Mother Duck. “He’s still a duck like us!” At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings. But the other ducklings still ____34____ (laugh) at him and told him to go away. It made the poor duckling very sad, so he decided ____35____ (search) for a new home. He met many other birds, but all of them thought that he was ugly too. They did not want him to live ____36____ them. One day, the duckling met a cat and a hen. “May I stay with you?” he asked ____37____ (hopeful). But the two animals said no. They did not like him because he could not purr or lay eggs! Some days ____38____ (late), the ugly duckling came to a lake. There, he saw three ____39____ (beauty) swans with long necks and white feathers. “I wish I looked like you!” he cried. “My friend, you do look like us! Look in the water!” one of the swans said. The duckling looked down, and to ____40____ (he) surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 【答案】31. were 32. an 33. ducklings 34. laughed 35. to search 36. with 37. hopefully 38. later 39. beautiful 40. his 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述《丑小鸭》的故事，丑小鸭因外形不同被其他小鸭嘲笑、排挤，历经波折后发现自己是美丽的天鹅，展现成长与自我认知的主题，传递不要以貌取人、坚持终会蜕变的道理。 【31题详解】 句意：五只小鸭又小又黄，但最后一只小鸭又大又灰。根据“Five of the ducklings”可知，主语Five of the ducklings是复数，故事为过去发生，用一般过去时，be动词用were，故填were。 【32题详解】 句意：“他看起来和我们不一样！多么丑的一只小鸭啊！”其他小鸭说。根据“ugly duckling!”可知，此处为what引导的感叹句；且ugly duckling为元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 【33题详解】 句意：“他看起来和我们不一样！多么丑的一只小鸭啊！” 其他小鸭说。根据“the other”可知，other“其他的”后接可数名词复数，duckling的复数是ducklings。故填ducklings。 【34题详解】 句意：但其他小鸭仍然嘲笑他，让他走开。文章整体时态为过去时，动词需用过去式。故填laughed。 【35题详解】 句意：这让可怜的小鸭非常伤心，所以他决定寻找一个新家。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”为固定用法。故填to search。 【36题详解】 句意：他们不想让他和他们一起生活。live with sb.“和某人一起生活”为常用表达。故填with。 【37题详解】 句意：“我可以和你们一起吗？”他满怀希望地问。根据“he asked”可知，修饰动词asked用副词，hopeful的副词形式是hopefully。故填hopefully。 【38题详解】 句意：几天后，丑小鸭来到一个湖边。some days later“几天后”，固定表达。故填later。 【39题详解】 句意：在那里，他看到三只美丽的天鹅，有着长长的脖子和白色的羽毛。修饰名词swans用形容词，beauty的形容词形式是beautiful，意为“美丽的”。故填beautiful。 【40题详解】 句意：小鸭低下头，令他惊讶的是，他看到自己也是一只美丽的白天鹅！to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”为固定表达，he的形容词性物主代词是his，故填his。 第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语或音标提示写出单词的正确形式。 Stanford is a world-famous university on the west coast of the US. It was built by Stanford and his wife in ____41____ (记忆) of their only son who died of a disease. ____42____ (/'tʊərɪsts/) are often surprised at the beauty of Stanford. Memorial Hall is the most important building in Stanford. It stands at the center. It was built by Mrs. Stanford to remember her husband who devoted himself to the university. There students and teachers can ____43____ (/həʊld/) great activities, like concerts and celebrations. The tallest building in Stanford is Hoover Tower, which is the landmark of the university. A man named Hoover had done a lot for the university. The things he once used can be seen on the first floor. On the top of the tower, people can have a good look at the ____44____ (整个) campus. As one of the world top universities Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top ones in the world. And computer science has been the first for many years. If you want to study computer science in a university ____45____ (ə/'brɔ:d/), maybe it is your best choice. 【答案】41. memory 42. Tourists 43. hold 44. whole 45. abroad 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍斯坦福大学，讲述其建造背景是纪念斯坦福夫妇的儿子，介绍校内重要建筑纪念堂、胡佛塔，提及学校学科优势，尤其是计算机科学，以及对海外学子的吸引力，展现斯坦福的历史、建筑与学术魅力。 【41题详解】 句意：它由斯坦福和他的妻子建造，以纪念他们因疾病去世的独子。“记忆”memory；in memory of...“为纪念……”是固定短语。故填memory。 【42题详解】 句意：游客们常常对斯坦福的美丽感到惊讶。根据音标提示可知，空处指的是tourists“游客”，复数形式，句首首字母大写。故填Tourists。 【43题详解】 句意：在那里，师生们可以举办大型活动，比如音乐会和庆祝活动。根据音标提示可知，空格需填写hold“举办”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填hold。 【44题详解】 句意：在塔顶，人们可以好好观赏整个校园。whole“整个的”，形容词，作定语修饰campus。故填whole。 【45题详解】 句意：如果你想在海外的一所大学学习计算机科学，也许它是你最好的选择。根据音标提示可知，空格需填写abroad“在海外”，副词。故填abroad。 四、书面表达（共两节，满分25分） 第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The government pays attention to the importance of Labor (劳动) Education. Teenagers will grow up and leave their parents in the future, so they should learn some life skills. But many teenagers don’t know the importance of labor. A girl, Nancy, never helps out in the house. Once her mother was on vacation for a week, leaving her alone at home. When her mother came home from vacation, she could not find a clean dish or a clean skirt. Schools play an important part in teaching students about the importance of labor. Schools should provide students with labor courses (课程) every week. Some schools provide each class with a piece of field to plant vegetables. For example, No. 38 Middle School in Hefei sets up a farm on an open platform (平台) of their teaching building. It is about 500 square meters. Teenagers should learn two life skills every year. Parents should also teach children to learn how to do chores at home, including cooking, washing their own clothes and cleaning their rooms. The skills may help teenagers solve the problems they will meet in the future. 46. Why does the writer mention (提及) Nancy in the second paragraph? ________________ 47. Do you think students should learn life skills? Why? ________________ 48. What do you often do to help your parents at home? ________________ 49. 请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语。 ________________ 50. 请给文章拟一个恰当的标题。 ________________ 【答案】46. To give an example./To tell us the importance of labor. . . . 47. Yes. Because the skills may help teenagers solve the problems they will meet in the future. /. . . . . . 48. I often wash dishes and clean my room.(答案不唯一，合理即可) 49. 学校在教育学生关于劳动的重要性方面起着重要作用。 50. The Importance of Labor Education. /Students should learn life skills/. . . 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了劳动教育的重要性，并通过具体例子和学校实践说明青少年应学习生活技能。 【46题详解】 根据文章第二段“A girl, Nancy, never helps out in the house…she could not find a clean dish or a clean skirt.”可推知，作者提到Nancy是为了举例说明劳动的重要性。故填To give an example./To tell us the importance of labor. 【47题详解】 根据文章最后一段“The skills may help teenagers solve the problems they will meet in the future.”可推知，学习生活技能对青少年未来解决问题有帮助。故填Yes. Because the skills may help teenagers solve the problems they will meet in the future. 【48题详解】 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为I often wash dishes and clean my room. 【49题详解】 “Schools”表达为“学校”；“play an important part in”是固定短语，表达为“在……方面起着重要作用”；“teaching students”表达为“教育学生”；“about the importance of labor”表达为“关于劳动的重要性”。此句为一般现在时，描述学校的常规作用。故填：学校在教育学生认识劳动的重要性方面起着重要作用。 50题详解】 文章围绕劳动教育的重要性展开，标题应概括主题。故填The Importance of Labor Education./Students should learn life skills. 第二节写作（满分15分） 51. 假如你是李华。你的英国朋友Lisa在信中向你咨询“守株待兔”这一成语故事，请你用英语给她回复。 内容包括： 1. 讲述故事； 2. 表达感悟。 写作要求： 1. 语言通顺流畅，可适当发挥； 2. 词数80词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 可能用到的词：农田 field, 野兔 hare, 撞上 run into Dear Lisa, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Lisa, Let me explain the idiom “Waiting for a Hare by the Stump”. Long ago, a farmer working in his field saw a hare run into a stump and die. He picked it up, thinking it easy to get food this way. After that, he stopped farming, sitting by the stump daily, hoping for more hares. But no hare came again, and his crops all died. This story teaches us not to rely on chance. Success comes from hard work, not waiting for luck. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信； ②时态：主要使用“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：向朋友介绍“守株待兔”这一成语故事及其寓意。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头点明要解释“守株待兔”这一成语。 第二步，中间详细讲述“守株待兔”的故事内容，包括农夫遇到野兔撞树、放弃耕作等待更多野兔及最终结果。 第三步，结尾阐述故事所蕴含的道理，即成功源于努力而非侥幸。 [亮点词汇] ①idiom成语；习语 ②stump树桩 ③rely on依靠；依赖 ④chance机会；运气 [高分句型] But no hare came again, and his crops all died.（and并列句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级英语 注意事项： 1. 本试题满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 2. 请务必在答题卡规定的答题区域内作答，选择题须用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须用0. 5毫米的黑色签字笔书写。 一、听力（共三节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案填涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5个句子。每个句子后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听每个句子前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每个句子读两遍。 1. A. Nu Wa. B. The Monkey King. C. Yu Gong. 2. A. In England. B. It’s very long. C. In China. 3. A. Sounds good. B. Pop music. C. I like music best. 4. A. By subway. B. Last Sunday. C. He’s been there twice. 5. A. Since 2 years ago. B. 2 years ago. C. In 2 years. 第二节（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有1道或几道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第1段材料，回答以下小题 6. How long did the girl spend watching Journey to the West yesterday? A. 4 hours. B. 5 hours. C. 6 hours. 7. What does Tom think of the Monkey King? A. He’s honest but kind of silly. B. He’s a normal monkey. C. He’s brave and clever. 听第2段材料，回答以下小题 8. Who is Bob Dylan? A. A Canadian writer. B. An Australian musician. C. An American musician. 9. How many pages of the book has Lisa finished? A. 102 pages. B. 103 pages. C. 301 pages. 听第3段材料，回答以下小题 10. How many times has the mother been to Tian’anmen square? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 11. How large is the Imperial Palace? A. About 440,000 square meters. B. About 540,000 square meters. C. About 723,600 square meters. 12. When will the family visit the Imperial Palace? A. This October. B. This September. C. This August. 听第4段材料，回答以下小题 13. What did Jane do during the vacation? A. She did housework. B. She went to a foreign country. C. She looked after her baby sister. 14. Who did Jack surf with? A. His cousin. B. His brother. C. His father. 15. How long has Mike lived in Hawaii? A. For 5 years. B. For 10 years. C. For 15 years. 第三节（共5个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面一段独白，独白后有5个填空题。请你听完独白的第二遍朗读后，将你听到的单词的正确形式，填在答题卡相应的位置。独白读两遍。现在你有30秒钟的时间阅读以下小题。 Jenny went to Amy’s house as a ________ last Sunday. On the door she found a green wooden ________. It reads,” Before entering, please put down your ________. When returning, bring back your happiness.” After going in the house. Amy’s family ________ her warmly. They were very polite and happy. Amy said she wanted to ________ people to be happy. 二、阅读（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列文本，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Mary is a 13-year-old girl. She had a bad cough yesterday. She didn’t want to eat anything. Her mother took her to see a doctor. The doctor gave her a bottle of medicine and told her to take it according to the instructions (用法说明). Cough Medicine Shake the medicine before taking it. Take the medicine three times a day after meals How much to take each time: Over 14 years old 2 spoons 8-14 years old 1 spoon 4-7 years old 1/2 spoon The medicine is NOT for children under the age of 4. Keep the medicine in a cool place. Take the medicine before November 30, 2025 1. How much medicine should Mary take each time? A. 1/2 spoon. B. 1 spoon. C. 2 spoons. D. 3 spoons. 2. What should Mary do with the medicine after November 30, 2025? A. Throw it away. B. Keep it in a cool place. C. Give it to a hospital. D. Take it as usual. 3. What do we know about this cough medicine? A. It should be taken twice a day. B. It should be taken before meals. C. It shouldn’t be kept in a cool place. D. Children under the age of 4 can’t take it. B Dear passengers. Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai- Xizang Railway. Sit back and enjoy the journey. Get ready for the trip of a lifetime. We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we race through this beautiful land. You might see a rare antelope (羚羊) from your window. Before we begin our journey, let’s learn about this amazing railway. It’s truly one of the greatest engineering wonders of the 21st century. When it was opened to traffic on July 1, 2006, the Qinghai-Xizang Railway set eight world records, including the world’s highest railway at 5,072 meters above sea level and the longest tunnel ever built on permafrost (永久冻土层). As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Soon there will only be 50 to 60 percent of the oxygen (氧气) which is used to breathe. But don’t be afraid. Each railcar has two separate oxygen systems. One system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. And each passenger can also get a personal oxygen mask just like those used in planes. Here are a few more things to think about as our train leaves the station. The designers (设计师) solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude (海拔) made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen. Second, much of the railway runs across permafrost, whose upper layer keeps changing as the weather warms and cools. Finally, the railway goes through some of the most sensitive ecology (敏感的生态环境) in China. Great care was necessary to make sure of the smallest possible influence on nature. All three challenges were met, making our trip possible. All passengers, the train to Xizang is leaving in fifteen minutes. 4. Where are the passengers? A. On a bus. B. On a plane. C. On a ship. D. On a train. 5. How does the text show the railway is amazing in Paragraph 3? A. By telling a story. B. By using a designer’s words. C. By introducing its world records. D. By comparing the present with the past. 6. What can we know from the passage? A. You might see a sheep from your window. B. It’s hard for the designers and builders to finish the railway. C. Only one system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. D. The most sensitive ecology keeps changing as the weather warms or cools. 7. Which of the following might be a difficulty of building the railway? A The high altitude. B. The deep valley. C. The dangerous animals. D. Too many tall buildings. C Podareva, a 29-year-old poet (诗人) from Russia, has loved poetry since she was a kid. After growing up, she wrote many poems in both Russian and English. But when she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her. “One thing that strikes me in reading and writing Chinese poetry is the power of the language— it’s melodious (悦耳的) and rhythmic,” said Podareva. Podareva has had many exciting experiences in China. But her most- loved memory is when she turned her poetry into a song titled If. “I wanted to create something positive to help boost (提高) people’s spirits in times of difficulty,” Podareva said. Podareva wrote, “I have come to love this land, growing up with its brave people … I’d let China take my burning heart.” This poem shows her support for China. The poem caught the attention of Zhu Hai, a music lover in Zhejiang Province. He turned it into a song, and they finally met in Shanghai in March 2023 to record it together. Podareva believes singing is the best way to express Chinese poetry because the language flows like music. Her journey reflects a beautiful connection (连接) between her Russian roots (根) and her love for China. 8. When did Podareva begin to love poetry? A. When she was a child. B. When she was 29 years old. C. When she studied in China. D. When she met Zhu Hai in Shanghai. 9. Why did Podareva turn her poetry into the song If? A. She wanted to encourage people to love this land. B. She wanted to make her song more and more famous. C. She wanted to express her love for Chinese poetry and people. D. She wanted to encourage people to go through the difficult times. 10. What is the best way to express Chinese poetry according to Podareva? A. Travelling. B. Singing. C. Writing. D. Dancing. 11. What do we know about Podareva from the passage? A. She began to learn about Chinese poetry in 2013. B. She is a Russian singer who loved poetry at a young age. C. She taught Zhu Hai to write poems after they knew each other. D. She met Zhu Hai in Zhejiang Province and they became friends. D As one of China’s largest heritage sites (遗址), the Forbidden City (紫禁城) is a must-see for all visitors to China. It sits in the heart of the capital city of Beijing. Thanks to skilled workers’ hard work over the past 600 years, all the wooden buildings, even doornails (门钉) are masterpieces that you are sure to enjoy with surprise. Since it was home to 24 Chinese emperors, there lie over 1.8 million pieces of art, mostly from the collection of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. As a result, it’s famous as one of the world’s largest cultural museums. After the Last Emperor of China left the palace, it later became a museum open to the public in 1925.  Since then, the Forbidden City was not “forbidden” anymore; it is popular with both Chinese and foreign tourists. There are 17 million visitors visiting here every year, especially on national holidays and weekends, which makes it the world’s most visited museum. It is quite easy to travel to the Forbidden City because it is right next to Tian’anmen Square. At the Forbidden City, much of a tour is spent walking between the buildings and down the walkways, or standing in the yards, gardens, and squares. Since it’s rich in history and culture, it’s better for you to travel with a good local guide, who can bring the stories of each treasure to life and help you avoid meeting too many people. 12. Why is the Forbidden City one of the world’s largest cultural museums? A. It has a history of more than 600 years. B. It has more than 1.8 million pieces of art. C. It attracts the tourists from China and abroad. D. It lies in the heart of the capital city of Beijing. 13. When did the Forbidden City become a museum open to the public? A. During the Ming Dynasty. B. During the Qing Dynasty. C. In 1425. D. In 1925. 14. Which is the best way to visit the Forbidden City? A. Walking with a local guide. B. Cycling with foreign friends. C. Sightseeing on a plane. D. Taking a taxi with your history teacher. 15. What is the text mainly about? A What is the Forbidden City. B. What to do in the Forbidden City. C Introduction to the Forbidden City. D. How to avoid meeting too many people. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面文本，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，注意有一项是多余的。 Having worries is a part of life that everyone has, but in some ways it’s not so bad. It can help you to overcome fears and anger. ____16____. Then everything will be okay. Start your day with deep breaths. When you start the day with too much work, the worry begins. “How will I be able to get all this done? What if I don’t have enough time? What if I let people down?” Start your day with 30-60 seconds of deep breathing. ____17____ Stay in the present. This is the most simple and useful way, yet often hard to do. All the “what ifs” are about the future. The upcoming difficulties you are worrying about have not happened yet. So focus on the present, and tell yourself you will work out the problems soon. ____18____. Having something hot can make your blood pressure drop and help you calm down. Coffee, hot chocolate or tea works for this. Slowly drink it and focus on the taste. Relax and try doing meditation (冥想). Meditation is used commonly by many people to clear the mind. You can sit with your legs crossed in a comfortable place. ____19____. Think about something relaxing. This way, you can feel better. Talk to someone, like a friend. You could talk to your friends or someone you trust. ____20____. After some time you’ll find you have nothing to worry about. You might look back and have no idea what you were worrying about. If it doesn’t work, talking it out loud can certainly calm you a bit more. A. It will make you feel relaxed. B. Slowly drink something hot. C. Even talking to your pet can help a lot. D. Try to work out the problem as soon as possible. E. Read the following and you might put your worries to the side. F. You can also put your hands on your knees and close your eyes. 三、语言知识运用（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Today was an amazing day. There was a total solar eclipse (日全食) in Wuhan, I ____21____ early because I couldn’t wait to see it. My friends and I went down to the Yangtze River to find a good place to watch it. We took cameras, chairs, food and drink, and special ____22____ so we could look at it. Lots of people gathered (聚集) there to watch too. Slowly, the moon ____23____ in front of the sun. It looked like someone bit a hole in the sun. It got darker and darker as the moon slowly ____24____ the sun. At 9:26 a. m. the ____25____ completely covered the sun. The sky went dark. The crowd gasped and cheered. The light of the sun made a ____26____ of light around the moon. I took this photograph then. The total eclipse lasted for over five minutes! Then it passed and the sky started to get ____27____ again. I was really inspired (鼓舞) by the eclipse this morning. In the afternoon, I spent hours ____28____ about astronomers, eclipses, and how the planets move in our solar system. The universe (宇宙) is simply ____29____! I also watched some videos with famous Chinese astronauts. I want to become an ____30____ someday too. The sky is the limit! 21. A. stayed in B. tried on C. woke up D. got out 22. A. clothes B. glasses C. trousers D. uniforms 23. A. danced B. shook C. slept D. moved 24. A. covered B. fed C. followed D. killed 25. A. tree B. moon C. mountain D. river 26. A. ring B. belt C. line D. list 27. A. lighter B. warmer C. darker D. brighter 28. A. talking B. caring C. reading D. worrying 29. A. exciting B. amazing C. terrible D. hopeless 30. A. inventor B. officer C. engineer D. astronaut 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once upon a time, there was a mother duck. She had six little ducklings. Five of the ducklings ____31____ (be) small and yellow, but the last duckling was big and gray, “He doesn’t look like us! What ____32____ ugly duckling!” the other ____33____ (duckling) said. “That’s not nice!” said Mother Duck. “He’s still a duck like us!” At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings. But the other ducklings still ____34____ (laugh) at him and told him to go away. It made the poor duckling very sad, so he decided ____35____ (search) for a new home. He met many other birds, but all of them thought that he was ugly too. They did not want him to live ____36____ them. One day, the duckling met a cat and a hen. “May I stay with you?” he asked ____37____ (hopeful). But the two animals said no. They did not like him because he could not purr or lay eggs! Some days ____38____ (late), the ugly duckling came to a lake. There, he saw three ____39____ (beauty) swans with long necks and white feathers. “I wish I looked like you!” he cried. “My friend, you do look like us! Look in the water!” one of the swans said. The duckling looked down, and to ____40____ (he) surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语或音标提示写出单词的正确形式。 Stanford is a world-famous university on the west coast of the US. It was built by Stanford and his wife in ____41____ (记忆) of their only son who died of a disease. ____42____ (/'tʊərɪsts/) are often surprised at the beauty of Stanford. Memorial Hall is the most important building in Stanford. It stands at the center. It was built by Mrs. Stanford to remember her husband who devoted himself to the university. There students and teachers can ____43____ (/həʊld/) great activities, like concerts and celebrations. The tallest building in Stanford is Hoover Tower, which is the landmark of the university. A man named Hoover had done a lot for the university. The things he once used can be seen on the first floor. On the top of the tower, people can have a good look at the ____44____ (整个) campus. As one of the world top universities, Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top ones in the world. And computer science has been the first for many years. If you want to study computer science in a university ____45____ (ə/'brɔ:d/), maybe it is your best choice. 四、书面表达（共两节，满分25分） 第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The government pays attention to the importance of Labor (劳动) Education. Teenagers will grow up and leave their parents in the future, so they should learn some life skills. But many teenagers don’t know the importance of labor. A girl, Nancy, never helps out in the house. Once her mother was on vacation for a week, leaving her alone at home. When her mother came home from vacation, she could not find a clean dish or a clean skirt. Schools play an important part in teaching students about the importance of labor. Schools should provide students with labor courses (课程) every week. Some schools provide each class with a piece of field to plant vegetables. For example, No. 38 Middle School in Hefei sets up a farm on an open platform (平台) of their teaching building. It is about 500 square meters. Teenagers should learn two life skills every year. Parents should also teach children to learn how to do chores at home, including cooking, washing their own clothes and cleaning their rooms. The skills may help teenagers solve the problems they will meet in the future. 46. Why does the writer mention (提及) Nancy in the second paragraph? ________________ 47. Do you think students should learn life skills? Why? ________________ 48. What do you often do to help your parents at home? ________________ 49. 请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语。 ________________ 50. 请给文章拟一个恰当的标题。 ________________ 第二节写作（满分15分） 51. 假如你是李华。你的英国朋友Lisa在信中向你咨询“守株待兔”这一成语故事，请你用英语给她回复。 内容包括： 1. 讲述故事； 2. 表达感悟。 写作要求： 1. 语言通顺流畅，可适当发挥； 2. 词数80词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 可能用到的词：农田 field, 野兔 hare, 撞上 run into Dear Lisa, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$