Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures语法项目——附加疑问句（Word教参）-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语附加疑问句语法项目，通过真实对话语境引入，系统梳理其定义、“陈述句+简短问句”结构、肯否回答规则及10种特殊情况（如祈使句、must用法等），并配套对话填空、汉译英练习，构建“语境感知—规则建构—应用实践”的学习支架。 资料设计突出语言能力与思维品质培养，对话引入提升语境理解与表达能力，特殊情况分类训练逻辑分析与归纳能力。含“名师在线”课后学习资源及阅读理解、完形填空等综合检测，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures (语法项目——附加疑问句) 名师在线 (课堂没学会，课下上线再学习) Sam：Hi, Lily.You've got something new, haven't you①？ Lily: Yes, I have.It's a gift from my uncle — a book about the ancient Greeks.It looks interesting, doesn't it②？ Sam: Yes, it does.I love reading about people like Archimedes.I want to be a scientist like him in the future. Lily: You're joking, aren't you③？ You never liked science before. Sam：I've started to like it.You like science too, don't you④？ Lily: Well, a little.Oh, I have to go to my club meeting.Bye. Sam：Bye. [语法入门] 此对话中①②③④处都是附加疑问句，其构成一般由助动词、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。 一、附加疑问句的定义及结构 附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实或观点提出疑问。 附加疑问句的结构是陈述句＋附加疑问句(助动词/be动词/情态动词＋陈述部分主语的相应代词)。若陈述句是肯定句，附加疑问句用否定形式；若陈述句是否定句，附加疑问句用肯定形式。助动词和人称前后一致。 You are from Australia, aren't you? 你来自澳大利亚，不是吗？ He doesn't live in Beijing, does he? 他不住在北京，是吗？ 二、附加疑问句的回答方式及翻译 1．当陈述部分为肯定式，附加疑问部分为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，只需照实际情况回答即可。 2．当陈述部分为否定式，附加疑问部分为肯定式时，要根据事实来回答，事实是肯定的用Yes，事实是否定的用No；此时的Yes译为“不”，No译为“是的”。 —He likes this book, doesn't he? —No, he doesn't. ——他喜欢这本书，不是吗？ ——不，他不喜欢。 —You aren't a student, are you? —Yes, I am. ——你不是学生，是吗？ ——不，我是。 三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况 1．祈使句的附加疑问句用will you，但以let's 开头的用shall we。 Look at the screen, will you? 看屏幕，好吗？ Let's go hiking, shall we? 我们去徒步旅行，行吗？ 2．当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，若must作“一定，必须”讲，附加疑问句须用mustn't或needn't；而当must作推测意义“一定是，必定”讲时，附加疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。 We must finish it now, mustn't we? 我们现在必须完成它，不是吗？ Tom must be at home, isn't he? 汤姆一定在家，不是吗？ 3．当陈述部分含有little，few，never，hardly，seldom，no，nothing，nobody，no one，none，neither等表示否定意义的词时，其附加疑问句用肯定形式。 He seldom contacts his family, does he? 他很少和家人联系，是吗？ 4．当陈述部分含有由un－，im－，in－，dis－等表示否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，附加疑问句用否定形式。 Your little son is unhappy, isn't he？(不能用is he) 你的小儿子很不高兴，对吗？ It is impossible to learn English well in that situation, isn't it？(不能用is it) 在那种情况下要学好英语是不可能的，是吗？ 5．当陈述部分的主语是this，that，these，those时，疑问部分主语用it或they。 These are credit cards, aren't they? 这些是信用卡，不是吗？ 6．当陈述部分是there be句型时，其附加疑问句中要用 there。 There was an old stadium in front of our school, wasn't there? 我们学校前面有一个旧体育场，不是吗？ 7．当陈述部分用“used to＋动词原形”时，附加疑问句部分用“didn't＋主语”或“usedn't＋主语”形式。 He used to live in the poor country, didn't/usedn't he? 他过去住在那个贫穷的国家，不是吗？ 8．若陈述部分是一个主从复合句，问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致。 He said the match was a failure, didn't he? 他说那场比赛失败了，不是吗？ 9．感叹句后加附加疑问句时，其附加疑问句需用be的一般现在时的否定形式。 What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气，不是吗？ 10．当陈述部分的主语为从句、动词不定式短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。 Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn't it? 学习如何修理电机需要很长时间，不是吗？ [名师点津]　当陈述部分是“I'm sure，I'm afraid，I think/suppose/imagine/believe/...＋宾语从句”结构时，附加疑问部分往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。 I don't think he cheated in the exam, did he? 我认为他在考试中没有作弊，是吗？ Ⅰ.用附加疑问句完成下面的对话 A：Hi，Tom.What is your plan for your vacation? B：Well, I don't know.Please give me some advice，①will_you? A：Of course.Travelling to Beijing is a good choice，②isn't_it? B：Cool, and I can enjoy the Great Wall as well.You have ever said you also want to go there, ③haven't__you? A：Yes, I have.Let's go there together, ④shall_we? B：OK, sounds great! Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成下列附加疑问句及答语 1．—We don't imagine the guests have arrived, have_they? —Yes,_they_have. ——我们认为客人们还没来，是吗？ ——不，他们已经来了。 2．—She didn't expect such good results, did_she? —No,_she_didn't. ——她没想到这么好的结果，是吗？ ——是的，她没想到。 3．—They work very hard, don't_they? —Yes,_they_do. ——他们工作很努力，不是吗？ ——是的，他们工作很努力。 4．—They don't work hard, do_they? —No,_they_don't. ——他们工作不努力，是吗？ ——是的，他们工作不努力。 5．—He wants to go, doesn't_he? —No,_he_doesn't. ——他想去，不是吗？ ——不，他不想去。 6．—You aren't asleep, are_you? —No,_I'm_not. ——你没有睡着，对吗？ ——是的，我没睡着。 7．—It is a beautiful flower, isn't_it? —Yes,_it_is. ——它是一朵漂亮的花，不是吗？ ——是的，它是。 8．—He is not the man who gave us a talk, is_he? —Yes,_he_is. ——他不是给我们演讲的人，是吗？ ——不，他是给我们演讲的人。 [课时跟踪检测]　　　(标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Walking is the best form of exercise.It is good for the upper respiratory (与呼吸有关的) system and the legs.It helps us control our weight and blood sugar.Walking is also a good way to help you make more friends, bringing chances to see new things and meet new people.Personally I try to walk at least 5 miles daily. As well as walking, I also cycle around Xiamen.Cycling is great for weight loss and helps to build stamina (耐力)．However, cycling does not allow for the same level of social contact as a walk.It is for this reason that I will strongly suggest that you try long－distance walking if you want to be physically healthy.I originally (最初) started walking around Xiamen because I didn't have a car, but I soon started to enjoy the walking for its own sake. I have also made many friends during my walks.It's not uncommon for my 5－mile walk to sometimes take as long as 2 or 3 hours, because I stop to chat with different shop owners along my route.These days, if I skip my walk for even one day, the people in the shops may want to know why I didn't come. I'll never forget the first time some people followed me when I was walking, and asked if it was okay for them to walk with me.I really didn't know what to say, so I just replied that I didn't mind.I have been invited for lunch, dinner and sometimes just to sit and drink tea with total strangers.There is nothing more pleasant than walking past a schoolyard and hearing all the kids say hello to me. 语篇解读：散步是最好的运动形式，它有利于身体健康，也有助于人们的社会交往。 1．Why did the author have to take a walk at the very beginning? A．Because he wanted to build up his strength. B．Because he enjoyed walking. C．Because he had no car. D．Because he wished to make friends. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I originally (最初) started walking around Xiamen because I didn't have a car”可知，作者最初在厦门不得不走路是因为那时候没车。 2．What does the underlined word “skip” in the third paragraph probably mean? A．Jump lightly.　　　　 B．Give up. C．Leave alone. D．Change quickly. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的后半部分讲那些商店的人或许想知道作者为什么没有去散步可知，这里是说哪怕有一天没去散步，故B项正确。 3．Why does the author tell us his walking experience in the last two paragraphs? A．To share the unforgettable experience with us. B．To show us the meaning of walking in social contact. C．To tell us how to develop the habit of walking. D．To explain to us why a usual walk takes him as long as 2 or 3 hours. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容可知，作者在散步过程中结识了许多不同的朋友，由此可推知作者是想告诉我们散步在社交方面的意义。 Ⅱ.完形填空() My mother turned ninety.I knew I needed to find a senior __4__ center.Not for her — for me.If I were at her age, I would want to stay in shape to __5__ life, getting a lot of pleasure.Yes, walking in local parks was my __6__， but I wasn't so active as before. I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes __7__ for seniors？” “Sure.Come and check us out! We start at 10 am，” the receptionist (接待员) replied and __8__.The next morning, I went there.One part of me was __9__ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good.The other part feared it was too hard for me to __10__. When I came into the room, a woman __11__ me, “Oh, you're new.Welcome.” Then the music started.The hour－long workout woke up the muscles I didn't often __12__ in daily walks, suiting me fine.I became a member there.My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety.Most gave the exercises their own __13__， doing as much or little as they could.__14__ no one kept score.Soon I learned physical well－being wasn't the only __15__ there.During breaks, people chatted happily.Whenever some people were __16__ we asked around.Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill. I __17__ to be in good shape now as I've hoped.Still, I'm grateful for things more valuable from the class — close friendships and new social __18__. 语篇解读：本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了自己在老年时能够保持身体健康和活力，寻找并加入了一家老年健身中心的经历。 4．A.leisure B．fitness C．community D．learning 解析：选B　根据下文“I called a nearby center，‘Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ______ for seniors？’”可知，作者是想找个地方健身。故选B。 5．A.change B．remember C．wait D．enjoy 解析：选D　根据下文“getting a lot of pleasure”可知，作者是想享受生活，获得乐趣。故选D。 6．A.exercise B．aim C．challenge D．plan 解析：选A　根据空前的“walking in local parks”可知，这是作者的锻炼方式。故选A。 7．A.attached B．familiar C．suitable D．important 解析：选C　根据下文“‘Sure.Come and check us out! We start at 10 am，’ the receptionist (接待员) replied”以及常识可知，作者打电话是询问是否有适合老年人的运动。故选C。 8．A.comforted B．invited C．promised D．welcomed 解析：选B　根据上文“Come and check us out! We start at 10 am”可知，这位接待员是对作者发出邀请，让作者前往健身中心看看。故选B。 9．A.sure B．disappointed C．anxious D．hopeful 解析：选C　根据空后的“the class was too easy, not doing me any good”以及下文的“fear”可知，空处指的是作者的担心。故选 C。 10．A.make up for B．look down on C．get down to D．keep up with 解析：选D　根据上文的“One part of me was ________ that the class was too easy, not doing me any good.”可推测，本句与上文的内容是相反的；上句指的是作者担心课程太简单，由此可知，本句指的是另一方面作者又担心课程太难自己跟不上。故选D。 11．A.greeted B．recognized C．helped D．introduced 解析：选A　根据空后的“Oh, you're new.Welcome.”可知，这位女士是在和作者打招呼。故选A。 12．A.relax B．pull C．work D．use 解析：选D　根据空前的“the muscles”以及上文“Yes, walking in local parks was my ________， but I wasn't so active as before.”可知，空处指的是作者在平常的散步中不常使用肌肉。故选D。 13．A.acceptance B．agreement C．understanding D．conclusion 解析：选C　根据下文“doing as much or little as they could”可知，作者的同学们可以根据自己对自己的了解，选择适量的运动。故选C。 14．A.Luckily B．Suddenly C．Naturally D．Surprisingly 解析：选A　根据下文的“no one kept score”可知，这家老年健身中心的会员可以自行选择运动的量，没有人记分，作者觉得这是幸运的。故选A。 15．A.problem B．contribution C．standard D．focus 解析：选D　根据下文“During breaks, people chatted happily ...for those who were ill.”可知，这里的人们互相关心，互相陪伴，由此可知，身体健康并不是他们唯一关注的。故选D。 16．A.lonely B．absent C．unhappy D．tired 解析：选B　根据下文“we asked around”可推测，有人缺席的时候，其他人都会打听情况。故选B。 17．A.fail B．manage C．try D．continue 解析：选A　根据下文的“still”可推测，本句与下一句之间存在转折关系。由此可知，作者的状态并不如自己原本希望的那样好。故选A。 18．A.backgrounds B．connections C．skills D．duties 解析：选B　根据上文“During breaks, people chatted happily ...for those who were ill.”可知，作者加入了老年健身中心后，和里面的其他人互相关心，互相陪伴，由此可知，作者认为自己有了新的社会关系。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分) On the night of August 11, the Paris Olympic Games officially closed with an impressive ceremony at France's national stadium. 19._____________ (hold) from July 26, this global sporting event witnessed a 20._____________ (vary) of exciting moments. Paris, known 21.____________ its romantic atmosphere, presented 22.____________ unique opening ceremony. By holding the opening ceremony in an open urban space along the Seine, Paris 23.____________ (bring) athletes, performers and the audience closer together. The track and field events took place on a purple track , which was inspired by the lavender (薰衣草) fields of Provence. In line with the motto “Games Wide Open”， Paris also organised a Mass Participation Marathon, 24.____________ (provide) the public with a chance to run an Olympic marathon route at night. The Chinese delegation, consisting of over 700 25.____________ (energy) athletes, achieved a record－breaking performance, winning a total of 40 gold medals 26.______________ ranking second in the medal table. Among them, six 27.____________ (traditional) strong sports for China — diving, table tennis, badminton, gymnastics, shooting and weightlifting — contributed 27 gold medals. Beyond pushing the limits of athletic achievement, all the Olympic athletes 28.______________ participated in the Paris Olympics will also be remembered for their excellent sportsmanship. 语篇解读：文章详细描述了巴黎奥运会的相关情况，包括开幕式、田径比赛场地、马拉松活动以及中国代表团的出色表现。 19．Held　考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，this global sporting event与hold为被动关系，需用过去分词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Held。 20．variety　考查名词。a variety of为固定搭配，意为“许多的”。 21．for　考查介词。be known for为固定搭配，意为“以……而著称”。 22．a　考查冠词。ceremony为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。 23．brought　考查动词时态。此处作谓语，陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填brought。 24．providing　考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，provide和前面的句子为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填providing。 25．energetic　考查形容词。修饰名词athletes，应用形容词作定语。故填energetic。 26．and　考查连词。winning a total of 40 gold medals和ranking second in the medal table为并列关系，应用连词and连接。 27．traditionally　考查副词。修饰形容词strong，应用副词作状语。故填traditionally。 28．who/that　考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词all the Olympic athletes，指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$