Unit 3 Sports and fitness 期末派生法背记单词 清单-2024-2025学年高一上学期英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教版(2019)必修1 Unit 3"Sports and fitness"的派生词汇，涵盖运动项目、健康概念等31组核心原词，派生词包含名词、动词、形容词、副词等多词性，搭建从原词词义理解到派生词词性转换、语境运用的递进式学习支架。 清单采用"原词-派生词-例句"三位一体架构，完整呈现构词规律，如"event"派生出"eventual""eventually"并配例句，培养语言能力和思维品质。标注词性转换类型，如"boxing→boxer"（名词转名词）、"graceful→grace"（形容词转名词），帮助学生掌握派生法，不同基础学生可高效记忆，教师可据此设计词汇教学活动，提升课堂实效。

人教版(2019)必修1 Unit 3 Sports and fitness期末派生法背记单词 序号 原词 例句 派生词 例句 1 fitness /ˈfɪtnəs/ /n./ 健康；健壮 Regular exercise helps improve fitness. 定期锻炼有助于增强健康。 fit /fɪt/ /adj./ 健康的；/v./ 适合fitting /ˈfɪtɪŋ/ /adj./ 合适的 He keeps fit by running every day. 他每天跑步保持健康。Her dress is a fitting choice for the party. 她的裙子很适合这个派对。 2 boxing /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ /n./ 拳击 Boxing is a popular sport in many countries. 拳击在很多国家是受欢迎的运动。 box /bɒks/ /v./ 拳击；/n./ 盒子boxer /ˈbɒksə(r)/ /n./ 拳击手 He likes to box with his brother. 他喜欢和弟弟打拳击。The boxer won the championship. 这位拳击手赢得了冠军。 3 event /ɪˈvent/ /n./ 比赛项目；大事 The main event of the sports meet is the 100-meter race. 运动会的主要项目是100米赛跑。 eventual /ɪˈventʃuəl/ /adj./ 最终的eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/ /adv./ 最终 His eventual success surprised everyone. 他最终的成功让所有人惊讶。He worked hard and eventually passed the exam. 他努力学习，最终通过了考试。 4 ski /skiː/ /vi./ 滑雪；/adj./ 滑雪的 They often ski in the mountains in winter. 他们冬天经常去山里滑雪。 skier /ˈskiːə(r)/ /n./ 滑雪者skiing /ˈskiːɪŋ/ /n./ 滑雪运动 The skier fell but got up quickly. 这位滑雪者摔倒了，但很快站了起来。Skiing is a fun way to exercise. 滑雪是一种有趣的锻炼方式。 5 host /həʊst/ /vt./ 主办；/n./ 主人 Our school will host the regional basketball game. 我们学校将主办地区篮球赛。 hostess /ˈhəʊstəs/ /n./ 女主人；女主持人hosting /ˈhəʊstɪŋ/ /n./ 主办 The hostess welcomed the guests with a smile. 女主人微笑着欢迎客人。The hosting of the event was a great success. 这次活动的主办非常成功。 6 track /træk/ /n./ 跑道；/v./ 追踪 Athletes are running fast on the track. 运动员们在跑道上快速奔跑。 tracker /ˈtrækə(r)/ /n./ 追踪者 The animal tracker found the wolf's footprints. 这位动物追踪者发现了狼的脚印。 7 gym /dʒɪm/ /n./ 健身房 I go to the gym three times a week. 我每周去三次健身房。 gymnasium /dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/ /n./ 体育馆（完整形式） The new gymnasium can hold 5000 people. 新体育馆能容纳5000人。 8 gymnastics /dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/ /n./ 体操 She has practiced gymnastics since she was 5. 她从5岁就开始练体操了。 gymnast /ˈdʒɪmnæst/ /n./ 体操运动员 The young gymnast won a gold medal. 这位年轻的体操运动员赢得了金牌。 9 sweat /swet/ /v./ 出汗；/n./ 汗水 He sweats a lot when playing basketball. 他打篮球时出很多汗。 sweaty /ˈsweti/ /adj./ 出汗的；闷热的 After the run, his T-shirt was sweaty. 跑完步后，他的T恤湿透了。 10 legend /ˈledʒənd/ /n./ 传奇 He is a legend in the world of football. 他是足球界的传奇。 legendary /ˈledʒəndri/ /adj./ 传奇的 His legendary stories are known by all. 他的传奇故事人人皆知。 11 athlete /ˈæθliːt/ /n./ 运动员 The young athlete won three gold medals. 这位年轻运动员赢得了三枚金牌。 athletic /æθˈletɪk/ /adj./ 运动的；健壮的athletics /æθˈletɪks/ /n./ 田径运动 He has an athletic body because he exercises daily. 他因每天锻炼而有健壮的体格。Athletics includes running, jumping and throwing. 田径运动包括跑、跳和投掷。 12 master /ˈmɑːstə(r)/ /n./ 高手；/v./ 精通 He is a master of Chinese painting. 他是中国画高手。 masterful /ˈmɑːstəfl/ /adj./ 熟练的；专横的mastery /ˈmɑːstəri/ /n./ 精通；掌握 She gave a masterful performance on the piano. 她钢琴演奏技艺娴熟。His mastery of English is impressive. 他对英语的精通令人印象深刻。 13 honour /ˈɒnə(r)/ /n./ 荣誉；/v./ 尊敬 It's an honour to represent our school. 代表我们学校是一种荣誉。 honourable /ˈɒnərəbl/ /adj./ 可敬的；光荣的honorably /ˈɒnərəbli/ /adv./ 可敬地 He is an honourable man who always tells the truth. 他是个可敬的人，总是说真话。He acted honorably in difficult situations. 他在困境中行为可敬。 14 glory /ˈɡlɔːri/ /n./ 荣誉 They fought for the glory of their country. 他们为国家的荣誉而战。 glorious /ˈɡlɔːriəs/ /adj./ 光荣的；壮丽的gloriously /ˈɡlɔːriəsli/ /adv./ 光荣地 We had a glorious time at the beach. 我们在海滩度过了愉快的时光。The sun shone gloriously over the mountains. 阳光灿烂地照耀着群山。 15 medal /ˈmedl/ /n./ 奖章 She won a gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她在奥运会上赢得了一枚金牌。 medalist /ˈmedəlɪst/ /n./ 奖牌获得者 The medalist was interviewed by many reporters. 这位奖牌获得者接受了很多记者的采访。 16 championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/ /n./ 锦标赛 Our team won the national basketball championship. 我们队赢得了全国篮球锦标赛。 champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ /n./ 冠军 He is the world champion in table tennis. 他是乒乓球世界冠军。 17 determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ /n./ 决心 Her determination to win helped her succeed. 她获胜的决心帮助她成功了。 determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ /v./ 决定；决心determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ /adj./ 坚决的 We need to determine the time of the meeting. 我们需要确定会议时间。She is determined to finish her homework first. 她坚决要先完成作业。 18 captain /ˈkæptɪn/ /n./ 队长 He is the captain of the school football team. 他是学校足球队的队长。 captaincy /ˈkæptɪnsi/ /n./ 队长职位 His captaincy led the team to many victories. 他的队长职位带领球队取得了很多胜利。 19 graceful /ˈɡreɪsfl/ /adj./ 优美的 The ballet dancer's movements are graceful. 芭蕾舞演员的动作很优美。 grace /ɡreɪs/ /n./ 优雅；/v./ 使优美gracefully /ˈɡreɪsfəli/ /adv./ 优雅地 She walks with natural grace. 她走路姿态自然优雅。She danced gracefully on the stage. 她在舞台上优雅地跳舞。 20 strength /streŋθ/ /n./ 力量 He used all his strength to lift the heavy box. 他用尽全力举起这个重箱子。 strong /strɒŋ/ /adj./ 强壮的strongly /ˈstrɒŋli/ /adv./ 强壮地；强烈地 He is strong enough to carry two bags. 他足够强壮，能提两个袋子。I strongly believe he will succeed. 我坚信他会成功。 21 failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ /n./ 失败 His failure in the exam taught him a lesson. 他考试失败给了他一个教训。 fail /feɪl/ /v./ 失败failed /feɪld/ /adj./ 失败的 He didn't fail the test this time. 这次他考试没不及格。The failed experiment made him try again. 失败的实验让他再次尝试。 22 compete /kəmˈpiːt/ /vi./ 竞争 Athletes from all over the world compete in the Olympics. 来自世界各地的运动员在奥运会上竞争。 competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ /n./ 竞争；比赛competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv/ /adj./ 竞争的；好胜的 There is fierce competition in the job market. 就业市场竞争激烈。She is a competitive swimmer who always tries her best. 她是个好胜的游泳运动员，总是全力以赴。 23 pretend /prɪˈtend/ /v./ 假装 He likes to pretend to be a doctor when playing. 他玩的时候喜欢假装成医生。 pretence /prɪˈtens/ /n./ 假装；借口pretended /prɪˈtendɪd/ /adj./ 假装的 His smile was just a pretence. 他的微笑只是假装。She showed a pretended interest in the story. 她对这个故事表现出假装的兴趣。 24 million /ˈmɪljən/ /num./ 一百万 There are over a million people in this city. 这座城市有超过一百万人口。 millionaire /ˌmɪljəˈneə(r)/ /n./ 百万富翁 The millionaire donated money to build a school. 这位百万富翁捐款建了一所学校。 25 cheat /tʃiːt/ /v./ 作弊；/n./ 骗子 It's wrong to cheat in exams. 考试作弊是不对的。 cheating /ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/ /n./ 作弊行为 Cheating in the game made him lose friends. 比赛中的作弊行为让他失去了朋友。 26 positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ /adj./ 积极的 She has a positive attitude towards life. 她对生活有积极的态度。 positively /ˈpɒzətɪvli/ /adv./ 积极地；肯定地positivity /ˌpɒzəˈtɪvəti/ /n./ 积极性 He positively responded to the challenge. 他积极地应对挑战。Her positivity encourages everyone around her. 她的积极性鼓励着周围的每个人。 27 slim /slɪm/ /adj./ 苗条的 She stays slim by eating healthily and exercising. 她通过健康饮食和锻炼保持苗条。 slimly /ˈslɪmli/ /adv./ 苗条地；勉强地slimness /ˈslɪmnəs/ /n./ 苗条 She slimly avoided the car on the road. 她勉强避开了路上的车。Her slimness makes her look taller. 她的苗条让她看起来更高。 28 diet /ˈdaɪət/ /n./ 饮食；/v./ 节食 A balanced diet is good for our health. 均衡的饮食对我们的健康有益。 dietary /ˈdaɪətəri/ /adj./ 饮食的；有关饮食的 We need to follow dietary guidelines for children. 我们需要遵循儿童饮食指南。 29 jog /dʒɒɡ/ /vi./ 慢跑；/n./ 慢跑 He likes to jog in the park every morning. 他喜欢每天早上在公园慢跑。 jogger /ˈdʒɒɡə(r)/ /n./ 慢跑者jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/ /n./ 慢跑运动 The jogger wears comfortable shoes. 这位慢跑者穿着舒适的鞋子。Jogging is a popular form of exercise. 慢跑是一种受欢迎的锻炼方式。 30 stress /stres/ /n./ 压力；/v./ 强调 Too much homework causes stress for students. 太多作业给学生带来压力。 stressful /ˈstresfl/ /adj./ 有压力的stressed /strest/ /adj./ 感到压力的 Studying for finals is stressful. 为期末考试学习很有压力。She feels stressed before big exams. 大型考试前她感到有压力。 31 error /ˈerə(r)/ /n./ 错误 He made an error in his math calculation. 他的数学计算出了一个错误。 erroneous /ɪˈrəʊniəs/ /adj./ 错误的；不正确的err /ɜː(r)/ /v./ 犯错 His erroneous idea led to the mistake. 他错误的想法导致了这个失误。Even experts err sometimes. 即使专家有时也会犯错。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$