精品解析：山东省枣庄市峄城区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末质量检测英语试题

2024—2025学年度第二学期期末质量监测 八年级英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分共120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2. 不要在本试卷上答题，答案分别填涂、书写在答题卡指定的答题区。 一、听短对话。根据每段对话内容选择正确的答案，把答案涂在答题卡上1~5小题的后面，录音读两遍（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）。 1. What is Troy going to do this summer vacation? A. Go on a trip. B. Visit his grandparents. C. Join the football team. 2. What does Rosa look like? A. She has short hair. B. She has black hair. C. She has long hair. 3. Where are the two speakers? A. In the shop. B. In the library. C. In the hospital. 4. What does the boy mean? A. He doesn’t like watching movies. B. He won’t go to the movies with the girl. C. He often helps his mother clean the room. 5. What day is it today? A. September 3rd. B. September 7th. C. September 10th. 二、听长对话。根据对话内容选择正确的答案，把答案涂在答题卡上6~10小题的后面，录音读两遍（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至7两个小题。 6 When did Alex begin to love basketball? A When he was in middle school. B. When he started playing with his dad. C. When he joined in the community activity. 7. Why did Alex hold many basketball matches for children? A. To teach them some skills. B. To have a talk about basketball with them. C. To encourage them to stay active. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。 8. What was easy for Ricky? A. Writing songs. B. Getting people to know him. C. Finding the band members. 9. Where is a good place for the band to practice? A. A college. B. An art room. C. A village. 10. What are they talking about? A. Ways to build a band. B. Ways to make friends. C. Ways to find band members. 三、听短文。根据短文内容选择正确的答案，把答案涂在答题卡上11~15小题的后面。录音读三遍（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）。 11. What did the students do yesterday morning? A. Cleaned up a park. B. Cleaned up a street. C. Cleaned up a classroom. 12. What encouraged the students to take action? A. A story. B. A book. C. A video. 13. Which of the following things did the students do when cleaning? ①They picked up rubbish. ②They swept the roads. ③They recycled used bottles. A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ 14. What is the purpose of this news? A. To make more people know their actions. B. To let people clean parks in their community. C. To encourage more people to protect the environment. 15. What might the students do next? A. Take a rest for a while. B. Have another cleaning activity. C. Ask more students to join them. 请同学们把试卷翻到第六题听力填空部分 四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）。 Nowadays, there is a lot of water pollution (污染). Water pollution is the pollution of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater), very often by people’s ____1____. A lot of factories pour ____2____ water into rivers. Many cities put wastewater into rivers and lakes. These kinds of activities let water pollution become the second most ____3____ pollution in the world, after the air pollution. Water pollution affects (影响) drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans all over the world. Many people have no ____4____ water to use. In many poor countries, some people will die ____5____ they drink polluted water. What’s more, water pollution affects ____6____. The environment of water for sea animals becomes worse and worse. If people keep polluting the water, they will face a lot of ____7____. People have now understood the ____8____ of clean water. These years, more and more countries and people are working hard to protect and ____9____ water. They not only help keep water clean, but also tell other people to protect the water. Both people and animals cannot ____10____ without water. Water is important to all living things. 1. A. activities B. habits C. ideas D. jobs 2. A. clean B. cool C. dirty D. hot 3. A. dangerous B. different C. powerful D. unhealthy 4. A. clean B. cooking C. drinking D. used 5. A. and B. because C. if D. unless 6. A. animals B. humans C. nature D. plants 7. A. decisions B. plans C. problems D. tests 8. A. cycle B. importance C. place D. role 9. A. drop B. find C. make D. save 10. A. live B. see C. think D. work 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要阐述了水污染的成因及其对人类和环境的危害，并指出人们已经认识到清洁水的重要性，开始采取保护措施。 【1题详解】 句意：水污染是水体（如湖泊、河流、海洋、含水层和地下水）的污染，通常是由人类活动造成的。 activities活动；habits习惯；ideas想法；jobs工作。根据文中“Water pollution is the pollution of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater), very often by people’s…”及下文中“These kinds of activities let water pollution become the second most…pollution in the world, after the air pollution.”可知，此处指的是人类活动导致了水污染。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：许多工厂将污水排入河流。 clean干净的；cool凉爽的；dirty脏的；hot热的。根据文中“A lot of factories pour…water into rivers.”可知，此处指的是工厂排放的是不干净的水。故选C。 【3题详解】 句意：这些活动使水污染成为世界上仅次于空气污染的第二大危险污染。 dangerous危险的；different不同的；powerful强大的；unhealthy不健康的。根据文中“These kinds of activities let water pollution become the second most…pollution in the world, after the air pollution.”此处指的是水污染对人类健康构成巨大威胁，是非常危险的。故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：许多人没有干净的水可用。 clean干净的；cooking烹饪的；drinking饮用的；used使用过的。根据文中“Many people have no…water to use.”及下文中的“polluted water”可知，此处指的是没有干净的水。故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：在许多贫穷的国家，一些人如果喝了被污染的水就会死亡。 and和；because因为；if如果；unless除非。根据文中“In many poor countries, some people will die…they drink polluted water.”可知，“喝了被污染的水”是“人死亡”的条件，所以用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：更重要的是，水污染影响动物。 animals动物；humans人类；nature自然；plants植物。根据文中“What’s more, water pollution affects…”及下文中“The environment of water for sea animals becomes worse and worse.”可知，此处指的是水污染对动物造成的影响。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：如果人们继续污染水，他们将面临许多问题。 decisions决策；plans计划；problems问题；tests测试。根据文中“If people keep polluting the water, they will face a lot of…”可知，继续污染水会带来许多问题。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：人们现在已经理解了干净水的重要性。 cycle循环；importance重要性；place地点；role角色。根据文中“People have now understood the…of clean water.”及下文中的“help keep water clean”和“protect the water”可知，此处指的是保护水资源的积极行为，因此人们肯定意识到了清洁水源的重要性。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：这些年，越来越多国家和人民正在努力保护和节约水资源。 drop扔；find发现；make制作；save节约。根据文中“These years, more and more countries and people are working hard to protect and…water. ”及上下文可知，此处指的是人们意识到清洁水源的重要性后，一定会努力保护水资源并节约用水。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：人和动物没有水都不能生存。 live生存；see看到；think思考；work工作。根据文中“Both people and animals cannot…without water.”可知，此处指的是无论是人类还是动物的生存都离不开水。故选A。 五、阅读理解 (共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下面四篇短文，从26~40各题所给的四个选项(A B C D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Many students ask for advice about improving their English. Here are some questions. The first question is about real English. Li Hao, from Hubei, wrote, “I enjoy watching English films and listening to real English songs. But it takes a long time. What do you think?” This is a great way to learn English! Talk about the film or song with your friends, and guess the meanings of the new words. The second question is about speaking. Sam, from Suzhou, wrote, “I’m shy. What should I do?” When I visit China, lots of people in the street say, “Hello! How are you? Where are you from?” These are good questions to start a conversation (对话). Many people are shy when they speak English. Before you begin, take a deep breath and smile! Smiling always helps. The third question is about vocabulary (词汇量). Oliver, from Anhui, wrote, “I want to remember all the new words. But I forget them quickly. What should I do?” Try to remember eight or ten words a day. Write them on pieces of paper and put them in your bedroom. Read the words when you see them, and change them every day. 11. The writer mentions (提及) ________ questions. A. two B. three C. four D. five 12. What should you do if you are shy to speak English? A. Watch English films. B. Write down the words first. C. Listen to real English songs. D. Take a deep breath and smile before you begin. 13. What is Oliver’s problem? A. He’s too shy to talk with others. B. He’s not able to count English words. C. He can’t remember new words. D. He doesn’t know what real English is. 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了学生英语学习的三个常见问题以及给出的建议。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The first question is about real English.”；“The second question is about speaking.”以及“The third question is about vocabulary (词汇量).”可知，作者提到了三个问题。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Many people are shy when they speak English. Before you begin, take a deep breath and smile! Smiling always helps.”可知，如果你羞于说英语，你应该在开始说话之前，深呼吸，微笑。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Oliver, from Anhui, wrote, ‘I want to remember all the new words. But I forget them quickly. What should I do?’”可知，Oliver的问题是他记不住新单词。故选C。 B A long time ago, there was an apple tree. A little boy loved to play around the tree. Time went by. The boy grew up. One day, he came back to the tree and said, “I want to play with toys, but I need money to buy them.” “You can pick my apples and sell them,” the tree said. Then the boy took all the apples, but he disappeared for a long time. One day, the boy returned and the tree was very excited. “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “I don’t have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house,” the boy replied. “You can cut my branches (树枝) to build a house,” said the tree. So the boy cut all the branches off and left happily. But the tree didn’t hear from the boy for a long time and was sad again. Finally, the boy returned after many years. The tree said, “Sorry, I don’t have anything for you now.” “I am tired. I just need a place to rest,” the boy replied. “Good! Old tree roots (根) are the best place to rest,” said the tree. The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears. In fact, the tree stands for our parents. As the apple tree, they give us everything we need. 14. When the boy was a child, he often ________ the apple tree. A. played with B. cut down C. played around D. talked about 15. The tree felt sad again because ________. A. it lost all its branches and apples B. the boy didn’t come to see it for many years C. the boy wouldn’t see it again D. it thought itself sick and old 16. The passage is mainly about ________. A. the story of an apple tree B. the different parts of an apple tree C. an apple tree’s history D. the apple tree—our parents 【答案】14. C 15. B 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过苹果树与男孩故事，象征父母对子女的无私奉献——无论孩子索取什么，父母总是倾尽所有，即使被忽视多年，仍默默等待并给予最后的温暖。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A long time ago, there was an apple tree. A little boy loved to play around the tree.”可知，当这个男孩还是个孩子的时候，他经常在苹果树旁玩耍。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But the tree didn’t hear from the boy for a long time and was sad again.”可知，这棵苹果树又感到难过了，因为这个男孩有很多年没来看它了。故选B。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“In fact, the tree stands for our parents. As the apple tree, they give us everything we need.”可知，本文通过苹果树无私付出的故事，隐喻父母对孩子的爱，因此主旨是“the apple tree—our parents”。故选D。 C Every year, when the Dragon Boat Festival is coming, Fang Shaohuang and his family are busy. They make dragon boats at his factory in Fangzhuang Village of Minhou County in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. Fangzhuang is the largest dragon boat-making place in China. It is known for its dragon boat tradition. It has a history of __▲__ for over 700 years. There are four big dragon boat-making factories in the village. One of them is Fang’s. This year, they made about 200 boats, and they got about 6 million yuan. Fang Shaohuang, 72, began learning how to make boats at 14 and now runs the factory. In 2018, the family’s skill became the city’s intangible cultural heritage. They keep using traditional tools and make dragon boats by hand. 14 years ago, Fang’s brother’s son Fang Jianwei followed (跟随) him to learn how to build dragon boats. The younger Fang often posts videos of his team’s hard work online. He has got many fans online. “Over the past three years, our factory has welcomed many study and research teams,” said Fang Jianwei. “I have a dream to build a museum to show how to build dragon boats so that more people can enjoy dragon boat culture.” 17. Which of the following can be put into __▲__ in Paragraph 2? A. traveling by boats B. doing farming work C. making dragon boats D. spending the Dragon Boat Festival 18. How many years did Fang Shaohuang spend building boats? A. 14 years. B. 55 years. C. 58 years. D. 72 years. 19. What can we guess from Paragraph 4? A. There will be a dragon boat museum soon. B. Many people are interested in making dragon boats. C. The younger Fang teaches us how to make boats. D. Fang Shaohuang gets much money by making boats. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Dragon Boat Festival B. A family of dragon boat builders C. The younger dragon boat builder D. A museum showing how to build dragon boats 【答案】17. C 18. C 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了福建省福州市非物质文化遗产“方庄龙舟制造技艺（闽侯县）”传承人方绍晃和其侄子新一代龙舟技艺传承人方剑伟的故事。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“Fangzhuang is the largest dragon boat-making place in China.”及“It has a history of…for over 700 years. There are four big dragon boat-making factories in the village.”可知，此处应是指的是制造龙舟的历史。故选C。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“Fang Shaohuang, 72, began learning how to make boats at 14 and now runs the factory.”可知，方绍晃现在72岁，他14岁开始学习造船。因此他造船已有58年。故选C。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“The younger Fang often posts videos of his team’s hard work online. He has got many fans online.”可知，方剑伟经常在网上发布造龙舟的视频，并且他有许多粉丝。由此可推知，很多人对造龙舟感兴趣。故选B。 【20题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了72岁的方绍晃和他的侄子方剑伟两代龙舟制造匠人的故事。选项B“一个造龙舟的家庭”符合题意。故选B。 D We humans are good at reading facial expressions. This helps us communicate with each other. But what if robots could do the same thing? Recently, a team of scientists have created such a robot. The robot, Emo, is in fact just a head. It has 26 actuators (制动器) beneath its soft blue face. They help it mimic (模仿) human expressions. To train Emo, the scientists first put it in front of a camera and let it make random movements (随机的动作). Do you sometimes practise expressions while looking in the mirror? It was just like that. After a few hours, the robot learned how to use the actuators to make different expressions. Then, the scientists showed Emo videos of human facial expressions. The robot studied them frame by frame (逐帧). Through training, it can predict people’s expressions by watching for tiny changes in their faces. For example, the robot can predict a human smile about 0.84 seconds before it happens. At the same time, it smiles at the person. Besides smiling, the robot can predict and mimic lots of other expressions. These include raised eyebrows, frowns (皱眉) and more. This technology may be used to develop robots that can be like our close friends. “We can share jokes with them and laugh together,” said Hu Yuhang, one of the scientists. 21. Emo learned how to use the actuators to make different expressions by ________. A. studying videos of robotic facial expressions B. studying videos of human facial expressions C. making random movements in front of a mirror D. making random movements in front of a camera 22. Emo can predict a human smile about ________ seconds before it happens. A. 0.26 B. 0.84 C. 2.6 D. 8.4 23. What facial expressions can Emo do? ①Smiles. ②Frowns. ③Raised eyebrows. A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ①②③ 24. Robots’ ability to read human facial expressions can help them ________. A. tell funny jokes B. understand our jokes C. become our close friends D. communicate with other robots 25. Which of the following statements about Emo is false? A. The robot is a head with a soft blue face. B. There are more than thirty actuators beneath its face. C. It was developed by a group of scientists. D. It predicts a person’s expression by watching for tiny changes on their faces. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了科学家研发的机器人Emo，它会模仿人类表情，它可以通过观察人们脸上的微小变化来预测他们的表情。Emo会微笑、扬起眉毛、皱眉等。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“To train Emo, the scientists first put it in front of a camera and let it make random movements (随机的动作). Do you sometimes practise expressions while looking in the mirror? It was just like that. After a few hours, the robot learned how to use the actuators to make different expressions.”可知，Emo是通过在摄像头前做随机动作来学习使用制动器做出不同表情的。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“For example, the robot can predict a human smile about 0.84 seconds before it happens.”可知，Emo可以提前0.84秒预测人类的微笑。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“At the same time, it smiles at the person. Besides smiling, the robot can predict and mimic lots of other expressions. These include raised eyebrows, frowns (皱眉) and more.”可知，Emo会的面部表情有：微笑、扬起眉毛、皱眉等。故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“This technology may be used to develop robots that can be like our close friends.”可知，机器人阅读人类面部表情的能力可以帮助它们成为我们亲密的朋友，故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It has 26 actuators (制动器) beneath its soft blue face.”可知，Emo有26个制动器，而非“超过30个”。因此B项与原文不符。故选B。 E 七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入41~45小题横线上的最佳选项。 Huang Yuting is a brilliant Olympic shooter from China. Born in 2001 in Zhejiang, Huang showed great talent in shooting from an early age. At the young age of 19, ____26____. Huang first picked up a gun when she was 13. She trained hard every day, focusing on her aim and posture (姿势). ____27____. Her hard work and dedication (奉献) have made her one of the top shooters in the world. At the Olympics, Huang was as calm as a lake. She took her time with each shot and stayed steady under pressure. Her final score was excellent. She also won a mixed team gold with her partner Cheng Shaoze. ____28____. Huang’s success shows the power of hard work and perseverance (毅力). She said, “I love shooting and will keep improving.” ____29____. She teaches us that with hard work and love for what we do, ____30____. A. we can learn nothing from her B. Her story inspires us to follow our dreams and never give up C. she amazed the world by winning a gold medal at the Olympics D. we can achieve great things E. They worked well together and showed great teamwork F. Her efforts soon paid off as she joined China’s national team G. she got a bad score and felt sad 【答案】26. C 27. F 28. E 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了黄雨婷的故事展现了天赋、努力与坚持的力量，她以奥运金牌和团队精神激励我们追逐梦想，证明热爱与付出能成就非凡。 【26题详解】 根据“Huang Yuting is a brilliant Olympic shooter from China.”可知，此处介绍了黄雨婷是一名来自中国的优秀的奥运会射击运动员，此处介绍她的优秀之处，应是在奥运会上获得了金牌。C项“她在奥运会上获得金牌，使全世界为之惊叹”符合语境，故选C。 【27题详解】 根据“Her hard work and dedication (奉献) have made her one of the top shooters in the world.”可知，她的努力和奉献精神使她成为世界上最好的射手之一。因此表示她的努力得到了回报。F项“当她加入了中国国家队，她的努力很快得到了回报”符合语境，故选F。 【28题详解】 根据“She also won a mixed team gold with her partner Cheng Shaoze.”可知，她还与搭档程少泽一起获得了混合团体金牌。因此表示他们合作得很好。E项“他们合作得很好，表现出了很强的团队精神”符合语境，故选E。 【29题详解】 根据“Huang’s success shows the power of hard work and perseverance (毅力).”和“She teaches us that with hard work and love for what we do,”可知，黄雨婷的成功显示了努力和毅力的力量，因此她的故事会激励我们要坚持，永不放弃。B项“她的故事激励我们追随梦想，永不放弃”符合语境，故选B。 【30题详解】 根据“She teaches us that with hard work and love for what we do,”可知，只要我们努力工作，热爱自己的工作，我们就能取得成就。D项“我们可以取得伟大的成就”符合语境，故选D。 六、听力填空。听下面一段短文，请根据所听内容完成下面的填空。每个空不超过三个单词，把答案写在答题卡46~50小题的横线上 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)。 Topic How communication has changed in the past 46________ years. In the past We used to wait 47________ for a reply. We used pay phones instead of mobile phones. At present The good sides We can send messages and get replies very 48________. Mobile phones 49________ us keep in touch when we go out. The bad side Written messages can’t be understood correctly sometimes because the way we say and stand, as well as our 50________ language will have an influence on communication. 七、选词填空。 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、通顺。 achieve finish practice make confidence in but her good challenge Having a positive mindset (积极心态) is like carrying a bright light within us. It helps us see the good in every situation and face ____31____ with courage. Take Sarah for example. She had to give a speech in front of the whole school. She was really nervous and afraid of ____32____ mistakes. But instead of focusing on her fears, she told ____33____ she could do it. She ____34____ a lot and thought about how happy she would be after ____35____. On the day of the speech, Sarah still felt scared, ____36____ she smiled and started speaking. To her surprise, everything went ____37____. A positive mindset doesn’t mean ignoring (忽视) problems. It means looking for solutions and believing ____38____ ourselves. When we think positively, we feel more ____39____ and energetic. We can handle difficulties better and find more joy in life. So next time you face something hard, try to think positively. Say to yourself, “I can do this.” You might be surprised at what you can ____40____. 【答案】31. challenges 32. making 33. herself 34. practiced 35. finishing 36. but 37. well 38. in 39. confident 40. achieve 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过Sarah的例子阐述了积极心态的重要性及其对个人表现的积极影响。 【31题详解】 句意：它帮助我们在每种情况下看到好的一面，并有勇气面对挑战。face challenges“面对挑战”，是固定搭配。故填challenges。 【32题详解】 句意：她非常紧张，害怕犯错。make mistakes“犯错”，是固定搭配，用动名词形式，作介词of的宾语。故填making。 【33题详解】 句意：但她没有专注于自己的恐惧，而是告诉自己她能做到。tell oneself“告诉自己”，是固定搭配，用反身代词herself。故填herself。 【34题详解】 句意：她练习了很多，想着她完成后会有多开心。根据“She…a lot”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指她练习了很多，句子时态为一般过去时，用过去式practiced。故填practiced。 【35题详解】 句意：她练习了很多，想着她完成后会有多开心。根据“thought about how happy she would be after…”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指想着她完成后会有多开心，finish“完成”，用动名词形式，作介词after的宾语。故填finishing。 【36题详解】 句意：演讲当天，Sarah仍然感到害怕，但她微笑着开始演讲。根据“Sarah still felt scared…she smiled and started speaking”的语境知，此处句意发生了转折，but符合。故填but。 【37题详解】 句意：令她惊讶的是，一切都很顺利。go well“进展顺利”，固定搭配。故填well。 【38题详解】 句意：这意味着寻找解决方案并相信自己。believe in“相信；信任”，固定搭配。故填in。 【39题详解】 句意：当我们积极思考时，我们会感到更加自信和充满活力。根据“When we think positively, we feel more…and energetic.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指感到更加自信，用形容词confident，作表语。故填confident。 【40题详解】 句意：你可能会对自己能取得的成就感到惊讶。根据“You might be surprised at what you can…”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指对自己能取得的成就感到惊讶，achieve符合，can后接动词原形。故填achieve。 八、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内所给单词的适当形式，把答案写在答题卡61~70小题的横线上（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）。 A type of robot chef has been given a license (许可证) in Beijing. This is the city’s ____41____ (one) license for robot chefs. The robot, named Lava, was developed by EncoSmart. It is a Beijing-based company. Lava is powered by AI. Unlike other robot chefs, it can cook different ____42____ (type) of food. It can also learn on its own. This allows the “chef” to improve its cooking skills over time. This way, It can keep ____43____ (create) new menus. The first-generation (第一代的) Lava robots are working in some office buildings in Beijing’s Haidian district. For now, they ____44____ (be) only offering fried foods. Soon, another group of robot chefs ____45____ (begin) to work at some chain restaurants. These chefs will be able ____46____ (make) ice cream, drinks and salads. Tian Yan works ____47____ EncoSmart. She believes that AI is ____48____ unavoidable trend in the catering business. AI-powered robot chefs help to reduce costs. Besides, they can make food processing quicker and ____49____ (easy). More importantly, they follow the same standards (标准) _____50_____ they cook. This makes sure that customers’ favored (喜欢的) dishes will taste good whenever they order them. 【答案】41. first 42. types 43. creating 44. are 45. will begin 46. to make 47. at 48. an 49. easier 50. when 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了北京颁发了首张机器人厨师许可证，AI驱动的Lava机器人能自学烹饪并创新菜单，目前已应用于办公楼，未来将进驻连锁餐厅，提升餐饮效率与标准化。 【41题详解】 句意：这是该市首个机器人厨师许可证。one“一”，是基数词，first“第一”，是序数词，根据“The first-generation (第一代的) Lava robots are working in some office buildings in Beijing’s Haidian district.””可知，此处表示第一个机器人厨师许可证，用序数词。故填first。 【42题详解】 句意：与其他机器人厨师不同的是，它可以烹饪不同种类的食物。type“种类”，有different修饰，用复数名词，故填types。 【43题详解】 句意：这样，它可以不断创建新的菜单。create“创造”，keep doing sth“一直做某事”，故填creating。 【44题详解】 句意：目前，他们只提供油炸食品。be“是”，根据“now”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语they是复数形式，谓语用复数形式。故填are。 【45题详解】 句意：不久，另一批机器人厨师将开始在一些连锁餐厅工作。begin“开始”，根据“Soon”可知，此处用一般将来时，故填will begin。 【46题详解】 句意：这些厨师将能够制作冰淇淋、饮料和沙拉。make“制作”，be able to do sth“能够做某事”，故填to make。 【47题详解】 句意：田燕在EncoSmart工作。work at“在……工作”，故填at。 【48题详解】 句意：她认为，人工智能是餐饮业不可避免的趋势。trend是单数可数名词，用不定冠词修饰，unavoidable是元音音素开头的单词，因此用an修饰。故填an。 【49题详解】 句意：此外，它们可以使食品加工更快、更容易。easy“容易的”，根据“quicker”可知，此处用比较级。故填easier。 【50题详解】 句意：更重要的是，他们在烹饪时遵循同样的标准。结合句意，他们遵循同样的标准，应是在他们做饭的时候，因此用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 九、回答问题。读下面的文章，在答题卡的71~75每个题目下回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）。 One day last month, I was talking to our staff writer Alex about writing. At the end of our conversation, I asked him, “As a writer, you must enjoy writing, right?” “Not always,” he said. He thought for a moment and added, “I enjoy writing when it gives me a sense of pride.” “You know,” Alex went on, “some articles are harder to write than others. Sometimes, I’m not sure if you and the readers will like my article. I try to write as well as I can. When I finally look at my work, I feel good about myself.” Alex’s answer made me think of a trip ten years ago. My friends and I were halfway up Mount Hua after a short bus ride. It was a rainy day, and the mountain is famous for its steepness (陡峭). As we looked up at its peaks, some of us thought of giving up. “You’ll feel sorry about your decision,” our guide said as he encouraged us to keep going. Soon, we arrived at “Yaozi Fanshen (鹞子翻身)” It’s the most famous and challenging attraction on East Peak. We climbed the almost vertical (垂直的) rock face by pulling at the iron chains (铁链). It tired us out. But when we looked back, we felt proud. We finally climbed three peaks of Mount Hua that day. In some places, we even took the steeper way. We found that the more difficult the climb was, the more pride we felt. Some mountains now provide tourists with an easier way up—a ride on an escalator. But just as it is in writing, for some things in our lives, the harder way brings better rewards. 51. What does Alex do? __________________________ 52. What was the weather like when the author and his friends climbed Mount Hua ten years ago? __________________________ 53. How did the author and his friends feel after climbing “Yaozi Fanshen?” __________________________ 54. How many peaks of Mount Hua did the author and his friends climb in the end? __________________________ 55. Why does the author think that writing is similar to climbing mountains? __________________________ 【答案】51 A writer. 52. It was rainy. 53. They felt tired but proud. 54. Three. 55. Because in both activities, the harder way can bring better rewards. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者与作家朋友Alex关于写作的对话，以及作者回忆十年前与朋友一起攀登华山的经历，传达了面对困难时的自豪感和成就感。 【51题详解】 根据文中“One day last month, I was talking to our staff writer Alex about writing.”及下文中“At the end of our conversation, I asked him, ‘As a writer, you must enjoy writing, right?’”可知，Alex是一名作家。故填A writer. 【52题详解】 根据文中“It was a rainy day, and the mountain is famous for its steepness.”可知，作者和朋友在十年前爬华山那天天气是雨天。故填It was rainy. 【53题详解】 根据文中“It tired us out. But when we looked back, we felt proud.”可知，作者和他的朋友虽然累但感到自豪。故填They felt tired but proud. 【54题详解】 根据文中“We finally climbed three peaks of Mount Hua that day.”可知，作者和他的朋友最终爬了三座山峰。故填Three. 【55题详解】 根据文中“Some mountains now provide tourists with an easier way up—a ride on an escalator. But just as it is in writing, for some things in our lives, the harder way brings better rewards.”可知，作者认为写作和爬山差不多的原因是在这两种活动中，越艰难的方式能带来越好的回报。故填Because in both activities, the harder way can bring better rewards. 十、书面表达（满分15分，书写占2分）。 56. 暑假就要来临了，你打算如何度过你的假期生活？请你结合自己的生活、学习实际，写一篇80到100词的短文，介绍你的暑假打算和假期安排。 内容：①你打算去哪里旅行或者参加什么活动（如果没有外出计划，就写在家附近的活动）。②你计划如何利用假期提升自己（如学习新技能、阅读书籍等）。③你对这个暑假的期待和目标。 要求：语句通顺、符合逻辑，书写规范；可适当发挥。短文中不要出现校名和真实姓名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： My Summer Vacation Plan Summer vacation is coming, and I’m excited to make the most of it! First, I plan to visit my grandparents in the countryside. I love the fresh air and peaceful environment there. I’ll also go hiking and enjoy nature. To improve myself, I will read at least three English books and practice writing in my diary every day. I also want to learn how to cook simple dishes, which will be a useful skill. My goal is to relax, learn something new, and spend happy time with my family. I hope this summer will be both fun and meaningful! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般将来时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中你的暑假打算和假期安排的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图； 第二步，介绍你的暑假打算和假期安排的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语，表达愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①plan to do sth计划做某事 ②practice doing sth练习做某事 ③want to do sth想要做某事 [高分句型] ①I also want to learn how to cook simple dishes, which will be a useful skill. (which引导的定语从句) ②My goal is to relax, learn something new, and spend happy time with my family. (动词不定式作表语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第二学期期末质量监测 八年级英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分共120分，考试时间为120分钟。 2. 不要在本试卷上答题，答案分别填涂、书写在答题卡指定的答题区。 一、听短对话。根据每段对话内容选择正确的答案，把答案涂在答题卡上1~5小题的后面，录音读两遍（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）。 1. What is Troy going to do this summer vacation? A. Go on a trip. B. Visit his grandparents. C. Join the football team. 2. What does Rosa look like? A. She has short hair. B. She has black hair. C. She has long hair. 3. Where are the two speakers? A. In the shop. B. In the library. C. In the hospital. 4. What does the boy mean? A. He doesn’t like watching movies. B. He won’t go to the movies with the girl. C. He often helps his mother clean the room. 5. What day is it today? A. September 3rd. B. September 7th. C. September 10th. 二、听长对话。根据对话内容选择正确的答案，把答案涂在答题卡上6~10小题的后面，录音读两遍（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至7两个小题。 6. When did Alex begin to love basketball? A. When he was in middle school. B. When he started playing with his dad. C. When he joined in the community activity. 7. Why did Alex hold many basketball matches for children? A. To teach them some skills. B. To have a talk about basketball with them. C. To encourage them to stay active. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。 8. What was easy for Ricky? A. Writing songs. B. Getting people to know him. C. Finding the band members. 9. Where is a good place for the band to practice? A. A college. B. An art room. C. A village. 10. What are they talking about? A. Ways to build a band. B. Ways to make friends. C. Ways to find band members. 三、听短文。根据短文内容选择正确的答案，把答案涂在答题卡上11~15小题的后面。录音读三遍（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）。 11. What did the students do yesterday morning? A. Cleaned up a park. B. Cleaned up a street. C. Cleaned up a classroom. 12. What encouraged the students to take action? A. A story. B. A book. C. A video. 13. Which of the following things did the students do when cleaning? ①They picked up rubbish. ②They swept the roads. ③They recycled used bottles. A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ 14. What is the purpose of this news? A. To make more people know their actions. B. To let people clean parks in their community. C. To encourage more people to protect the environment. 15. What might the students do next? A. Take a rest for a while. B. Have another cleaning activity. C. Ask more students to join them. 请同学们把试卷翻到第六题听力填空部分 四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）。 Nowadays, there is a lot of water pollution (污染). Water pollution is the pollution of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater), very often by people’s ____1____. A lot of factories pour ____2____ water into rivers. Many cities put wastewater into rivers and lakes. These kinds of activities let water pollution become the second most ____3____ pollution in the world, after the air pollution. Water pollution affects (影响) drinking water rivers, lakes and oceans all over the world. Many people have no ____4____ water to use. In many poor countries, some people will die ____5____ they drink polluted water. What’s more, water pollution affects ____6____. The environment of water for sea animals becomes worse and worse. If people keep polluting the water, they will face a lot of ____7____. People have now understood the ____8____ of clean water. These years, more and more countries and people are working hard to protect and ____9____ water. They not only help keep water clean, but also tell other people to protect the water. Both people and animals cannot ____10____ without water. Water is important to all living things. 1. A. activities B. habits C. ideas D. jobs 2. A. clean B. cool C. dirty D. hot 3. A. dangerous B. different C. powerful D. unhealthy 4 A. clean B. cooking C. drinking D. used 5. A. and B. because C. if D. unless 6. A. animals B. humans C. nature D. plants 7. A. decisions B. plans C. problems D. tests 8. A. cycle B. importance C. place D. role 9. A. drop B. find C. make D. save 10. A. live B. see C. think D. work 五、阅读理解 (共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下面四篇短文，从26~40各题所给的四个选项(A B C D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Many students ask for advice about improving their English. Here are some questions. The first question is about real English. Li Hao, from Hubei, wrote, “I enjoy watching English films and listening to real English songs. But it takes a long time. What do you think?” This is a great way to learn English! Talk about the film or song with your friends, and guess the meanings of the new words. The second question is about speaking. Sam, from Suzhou, wrote, “I’m shy. What should I do?” When I visit China, lots of people in the street say, “Hello! How are you? Where are you from?” These are good questions to start a conversation (对话). Many people are shy when they speak English. Before you begin, take a deep breath and smile! Smiling always helps. The third question is about vocabulary (词汇量). Oliver, from Anhui, wrote, “I want to remember all the new words. But I forget them quickly. What should I do?” Try to remember eight or ten words a day. Write them on pieces of paper and put them in your bedroom. Read the words when you see them, and change them every day. 11. The writer mentions (提及) ________ questions. A. two B. three C. four D. five 12. What should you do if you are shy to speak English? A. Watch English films. B. Write down the words first. C. Listen to real English songs. D. Take a deep breath and smile before you begin. 13. What is Oliver’s problem? A. He’s too shy to talk with others. B. He’s not able to count English words. C. He can’t remember new words. D. He doesn’t know what real English is. B A long time ago, there was an apple tree. A little boy loved to play around the tree. Time went by. The boy grew up. One day, he came back to the tree and said, “I want to play with toys, but I need money to buy them.” “You can pick my apples and sell them,” the tree said. Then the boy took all the apples, but he disappeared for a long time. One day, the boy returned and the tree was very excited. “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “I don’t have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house,” the boy replied. “You can cut my branches (树枝) to build a house,” said the tree. So the boy cut all the branches off and left happily. But the tree didn’t hear from the boy for a long time and was sad again. Finally, the boy returned after many years. The tree said, “Sorry, I don’t have anything for you now.” “I am tired. I just need a place to rest,” the boy replied. “Good! Old tree roots (根) are the best place to rest,” said the tree. The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears. In fact, the tree stands for our parents. As the apple tree, they give us everything we need. 14. When the boy was a child, he often ________ the apple tree. A. played with B. cut down C. played around D. talked about 15. The tree felt sad again because ________. A it lost all its branches and apples B. the boy didn’t come to see it for many years C. the boy wouldn’t see it again D. it thought itself sick and old 16. The passage is mainly about ________. A. the story of an apple tree B. the different parts of an apple tree C. an apple tree’s history D. the apple tree—our parents C Every year, when the Dragon Boat Festival is coming, Fang Shaohuang and his family are busy. They make dragon boats at his factory in Fangzhuang Village of Minhou County in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. Fangzhuang is the largest dragon boat-making place in China. It is known for its dragon boat tradition. It has a history of __▲__ for over 700 years. There are four big dragon boat-making factories in the village. One of them is Fang’s. This year, they made about 200 boats, and they got about 6 million yuan. Fang Shaohuang, 72, began learning how to make boats at 14 and now runs the factory. In 2018, the family’s skill became the city’s intangible cultural heritage. They keep using traditional tools and make dragon boats by hand. 14 years ago, Fang’s brother’s son Fang Jianwei followed (跟随) him to learn how to build dragon boats. The younger Fang often posts videos of his team’s hard work online. He has got many fans online. “Over the past three years, our factory has welcomed many study and research teams,” said Fang Jianwei. “I have a dream to build a museum to show how to build dragon boats so that more people can enjoy dragon boat culture.” 17. Which of the following can be put into __▲__ in Paragraph 2? A. traveling by boats B. doing farming work C. making dragon boats D. spending the Dragon Boat Festival 18. How many years did Fang Shaohuang spend building boats? A. 14 years. B. 55 years. C. 58 years. D. 72 years. 19. What can we guess from Paragraph 4? A. There will be a dragon boat museum soon. B. Many people are interested in making dragon boats. C. The younger Fang teaches us how to make boats. D. Fang Shaohuang gets much money by making boats. 20. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Dragon Boat Festival B. A family of dragon boat builders C. The younger dragon boat builder D. A museum showing how to build dragon boats D We humans are good at reading facial expressions. This helps us communicate with each other. But what if robots could do the same thing? Recently, a team of scientists have created such a robot. The robot, Emo, is in fact just a head. It has 26 actuators (制动器) beneath its soft blue face. They help it mimic (模仿) human expressions. To train Emo, the scientists first put it in front of a camera and let it make random movements (随机的动作). Do you sometimes practise expressions while looking in the mirror? It was just like that. After a few hours, the robot learned how to use the actuators to make different expressions. Then, the scientists showed Emo videos of human facial expressions. The robot studied them frame by frame (逐帧). Through training, it can predict people’s expressions by watching for tiny changes in their faces. For example, the robot can predict a human smile about 0.84 seconds before it happens. At the same time, it smiles at the person. Besides smiling, the robot can predict and mimic lots of other expressions. These include raised eyebrows, frowns (皱眉) and more. This technology may be used to develop robots that can be like our close friends. “We can share jokes with them and laugh together,” said Hu Yuhang, one of the scientists. 21. Emo learned how to use the actuators to make different expressions by ________. A. studying videos of robotic facial expressions B. studying videos of human facial expressions C. making random movements in front of a mirror D. making random movements in front of a camera 22. Emo can predict a human smile about ________ seconds before it happens. A. 0.26 B. 0.84 C. 2.6 D. 8.4 23. What facial expressions can Emo do? ①Smiles. ②Frowns. ③Raised eyebrows. A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ①②③ 24. Robots’ ability to read human facial expressions can help them ________. A. tell funny jokes B. understand our jokes C. become our close friends D. communicate with other robots 25. Which of the following statements about Emo is false? A. The robot is a head with a soft blue face. B. There are more than thirty actuators beneath its face. C. It was developed by a group of scientists. D. It predicts a person’s expression by watching for tiny changes on their faces. E 七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入41~45小题横线上的最佳选项。 Huang Yuting is a brilliant Olympic shooter from China. Born in 2001 in Zhejiang, Huang showed great talent in shooting from an early age. At the young age of 19, ____26____. Huang first picked up a gun when she was 13. She trained hard every day, focusing on her aim and posture (姿势). ____27____. Her hard work and dedication (奉献) have made her one of the top shooters in the world. At the Olympics, Huang was as calm as a lake. She took her time with each shot and stayed steady under pressure. Her final score was excellent. She also won a mixed team gold with her partner Cheng Shaoze. ____28____. Huang’s success shows the power of hard work and perseverance (毅力). She said, “I love shooting and will keep improving.” ____29____. She teaches us that with hard work and love for what we do, ____30____. A. we can learn nothing from her B. Her story inspires us to follow our dreams and never give up C. she amazed the world by winning a gold medal at the Olympics D. we can achieve great things E. They worked well together and showed great teamwork F. Her efforts soon paid off as she joined China’s national team G she got a bad score and felt sad 六、听力填空。听下面一段短文，请根据所听内容完成下面的填空。每个空不超过三个单词，把答案写在答题卡46~50小题的横线上 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)。 Topic How communication has changed in the past 46________ years. In the past We used to wait 47________ for a reply. We used pay phones instead of mobile phones. At present The good sides We can send messages and get replies very 48________. Mobile phones 49________ us keep in touch when we go out. The bad side Written messages can’t be understood correctly sometimes because the way we say and stand, as well as our 50________ language will have an influence on communication. 七、选词填空。 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文内容完整、通顺。 achieve finish practice make confidence in but her good challenge Having a positive mindset (积极心态) is like carrying a bright light within us. It helps us see the good in every situation and face ____31____ with courage. Take Sarah for example. She had to give a speech in front of the whole school. She was really nervous and afraid of ____32____ mistakes. But instead of focusing on her fears she told ____33____ she could do it. She ____34____ a lot and thought about how happy she would be after ____35____. On the day of the speech, Sarah still felt scared, ____36____ she smiled and started speaking. To her surprise, everything went ____37____. A positive mindset doesn’t mean ignoring (忽视) problems. It means looking for solutions and believing ____38____ ourselves. When we think positively, we feel more ____39____ and energetic. We can handle difficulties better and find more joy in life. So next time you face something hard, try to think positively. Say to yourself, “I can do this.” You might be surprised at what you can ____40____. 八、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内所给单词的适当形式，把答案写在答题卡61~70小题的横线上（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）。 A type of robot chef has been given a license (许可证) in Beijing. This is the city’s ____41____ (one) license for robot chefs. The robot, named Lava, was developed by EncoSmart. It is a Beijing-based company. Lava is powered by AI. Unlike other robot chefs, it can cook different ____42____ (type) of food. It can also learn on its own. This allows the “chef” to improve its cooking skills over time. This way, It can keep ____43____ (create) new menus. The first-generation (第一代的) Lava robots are working in some office buildings in Beijing’s Haidian district. For now, they ____44____ (be) only offering fried foods. Soon, another group of robot chefs ____45____ (begin) to work at some chain restaurants. These chefs will be able ____46____ (make) ice cream, drinks and salads. Tian Yan works ____47____ EncoSmart. She believes that AI is ____48____ unavoidable trend in the catering business. AI-powered robot chefs help to reduce costs. Besides, they can make food processing quicker and ____49____ (easy). More importantly, they follow the same standards (标准) _____50_____ they cook. This makes sure that customers’ favored (喜欢的) dishes will taste good whenever they order them. 九、回答问题。读下面的文章，在答题卡的71~75每个题目下回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）。 One day last month, I was talking to our staff writer Alex about writing. At the end of our conversation, I asked him, “As a writer, you must enjoy writing, right?” “Not always,” he said. He thought for a moment and added, “I enjoy writing when it gives me a sense of pride.” “You know,” Alex went on, “some articles are harder to write than others. Sometimes, I’m not sure if you and the readers will like my article. I try to write as well as I can. When I finally look at my work, I feel good about myself.” Alex’s answer made me think of a trip ten years ago. My friends and I were halfway up Mount Hua after a short bus ride. It was a rainy day, and the mountain is famous for its steepness (陡峭). As we looked up at its peaks, some of us thought of giving up. “You’ll feel sorry about your decision,” our guide said as he encouraged us to keep going. Soon, we arrived at “Yaozi Fanshen (鹞子翻身)” It’s the most famous and challenging attraction on East Peak. We climbed the almost vertical (垂直的) rock face by pulling at the iron chains (铁链). It tired us out. But when we looked back, we felt proud. We finally climbed three peaks of Mount Hua that day. In some places, we even took the steeper way. We found that the more difficult the climb was, the more pride we felt. Some mountains now provide tourists with an easier way up—a ride on an escalator. But just as it is in writing, for some things in our lives, the harder way brings better rewards. 51. What does Alex do? __________________________ 52. What was the weather like when the author and his friends climbed Mount Hua ten years ago? __________________________ 53. How did the author and his friends feel after climbing “Yaozi Fanshen?” __________________________ 54. How many peaks of Mount Hua did the author and his friends climb in the end? __________________________ 55. Why does the author think that writing is similar to climbing mountains? __________________________ 十、书面表达（满分15分，书写占2分）。 56. 暑假就要来临了，你打算如何度过你的假期生活？请你结合自己的生活、学习实际，写一篇80到100词的短文，介绍你的暑假打算和假期安排。 内容：①你打算去哪里旅行或者参加什么活动（如果没有外出计划，就写在家附近的活动）。②你计划如何利用假期提升自己（如学习新技能、阅读书籍等）。③你对这个暑假的期待和目标。 要求：语句通顺、符合逻辑，书写规范；可适当发挥。短文中不要出现校名和真实姓名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$