上海市上海交通大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

上海交大附中 2024-2025 学年第 一学期 高一英语期中试卷 第一卷 I. Listening Comprehension (1’*10+1.5’*10=25’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Meaningless B. Boring C. Attracting D. Practical 2. A. He recommended the game park to Claire. B. He is going to take a trip with Claire. C. He has never been to South Africa. D. He likes watching football games. 3. A. In a warehouse B. In a bookstore C. In a shipping center D. In a classroom 4. A. The Rocky Mountains B.A species of insects C. Temperate climates D. A long cold winter 5. A. A TV host B. A bridge player C. A writer D. A book reviewer 6. A. She has lots of things to go with the trouser suit. B. Trouser suits look similar to each other. C. Trouser suits are useful for daily work. D. She will not buy the trouser suit. 7. A. The man had better call the restaurant as soon as possible. B. There is no need to book a table for tonight's dinner. C. They can make reservations for next weekend. D. The restaurant will be crowded tonight. 8. A. Buy a watch for the man. B. Cancel the next meeting. C. Get her watch repaired. D. End the meeting early. 9. A. Ask the professor if she can take the class. B. Attend another course other than history. C. Take the class with a different professor. D. Complete the required courses this term. 10. A. He isn't sure who won the game. B. The game won't be played until next week. C. It started raining after the game was over. D. It will probably rain next week. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage 11. A. How sense of time urgency works. B. What cities have a faster pace of life. C. How data help to define time urgency. D. What factors affect a city's pace of life. 12. A. Downtown areas B. Post offices C. Banks D. Phone companies 13. A. The researchers' comments B. Some survey results C. Different opinions on sense of time D. Highlights related to people's daily life Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. There are not enough dance agencies. B. Dancers take much work to make money. C. Dancers feel exhausted after a day's work. D. There are many people working as dancers. 15. A. Giving up dancing while they are young. B. Taking a part-time job as a dancer teacher. C. Avoid being distracted by other opportunities. D. Working with government bodies to set up classes. 16. A. Dancers should accept that their career can't last very long. B. It's an easy job for dancers to be known to the world. C. It's necessary for dancers to push themselves hard. D. Dancers needn't take the injuries too seriously. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. In Zambia B. In Cambodia C. In Malaysia D. In Kenya 18. A. Simon had the good qualities of fatherhood. B. Simon used to be a responsible young man. C. Simon was successful in his academic work. D. Simon was thought to be a potential leader. 19. A. It helps him concentrate on his work. B. It is made of elephant hair and thus invaluable. C. It reminds him of what is most important in life. D. It makes him aware of the early years with his family. 20. A. Handsome B. Trustworthy C. Interesting D. Hardworking *II. Multiple Choices (1’*25=25’) 21. The famous director, together with the main actors in the film, ______ to a TV program to have a faceto-face talk with the audience last Saturday. A. have been invited B. has been invited C. was invited D. were invited 22. This is an old building ___ back to the early 20th century, which serves as a symbol of the architectural style of its era. A. dating B. dated C. having dated D. being dated 23. As the emotional bonds and shared experiences often outweigh the temporary discomforts, people favor_____ together even though conflicts frequently arise. A. to stay B. stay C. staying D. stayed 24. ______ the meeting himself gave the public a great deal of encouragement, instantly boosting the stock market. A. The president attending B. The president had attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 25. When it comes to _________ as the best Chinese writer alive, the author of several best-sellers doesn't like the _________ title as he wants to stay low-key. A. referring to... embarrassing B. being referred to...embarrassing C. refer to...embarrassed D. be referred to...embarrassed 26. In the past several years, scientists have come closer than ever before _________. A. to find out which of the methods is feasible B. finding out whether the method is feasible or not C. to finding out which of the methods is feasible D. to find out whether the method is feasible or not 27. Your skin acts as a barrier against diseases. It also helps _______ your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, ___________ you your sense of touch. A. to control...... gives B. control......and gives C. controlling......giving D. control...... to give 28. _________, her heart was beating faster and faster. A. Listening to the coming footsteps B. As she listened to the coming footsteps C. When listening to the coming footsteps D. To the coming footsteps as she listened 29. “Why were you so late for work today?” “____ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.” A. Driving B. As I drove C. To have driven D. That I drove 30. The graduate student from Stanford spent the whole day ____ in his study to write the first draft of his research paper. A. locked B. locking C. to lock D. having locked 31. _____ his capability in dealing with tricky situations, the sales manager was promoted to a higher position. A. Considering B. Being Considered C. To be considered D. Having considered 32. Tom Holland, a celebrity who fell victim to the negative impact of internet, announced a break from social media to focus on his health, _____ for a change for better. A. to aim B. having been aimed C. to have been aimed D. aiming 33. Marketing focusing on the wants of consumers begins first with analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then _____ goods that will satisfy them. A. produced B. to produce C. producing D. has produced 34. “As for those _____ praise on Christopher Nolan’s trilogy(三部曲) Batman movies,” Cronenberg declared, “I don’t think they know what they are talking about.” A. showered B. showering C. have showered D. having showered 35. He would hang out in prison -- around the gyms and canteens -- meeting and talking to those who _____ a sentence. A. serving B. had served C. were serving D. have served 36. The scientific community has long considered Mars as a potential ______ for human colonization, given the existence of water in its polar ice caps. A. destination B. civilization C. determination D. celebration 37. When researchers investigate the underlying systems of human memory, it is _____ for them to employ experimental methodologies in the field of cognitive psychology. A. cultural B. digital C. initial D. typical 38. In order to meet the submission deadline, students were required to _____ their research papers to the university’s online portal, which facilitates automated detection and peer review. A. edit B. upload C. subscribe D. check 39. Modern communication technologies have dramatically altered the way individuals _____across geographical boundaries, fostering global collaboration and improving interpersonal relationships. A. spread B. chase C. connect D. track 40. The research team _____ investigating the correlation between socioeconomic status and access to education, focusing on marginalized communities in underdeveloped regions. A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set in 41. Our new manager does not ____ the idea of socializing with her clients, for it would distract her from her professional objectivity. A. care to B. care of C. care about D. care for 42. She felt deeply _____ of her failure to address the ethical concerns raised during the conference, despite having been given ample opportunity to clarify her stance. A. ashamed B. fearful C. shocked D. admired 43. Collaborative research projects allow scientists from various disciplines to _____ their expertise, resulting in more comprehensive solutions to pressing global challenges. A. settle B. contribute C. defend D. indicate 44. With their unique identity and spirit continues to exist in every corner of the country, ______ communities in Australia have long been guardians of the land. A. historic B. diverse C. virtual D. aboriginal 45. _______ extensive data, the researchers were able to draw meaningful conclusions about the long-term effects of early childhood education on cognitive development. A. In terms of B. On the basis of C. In view of D. In case of III. Vocabulary (1.5’*20=30’) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) A.digestion B. rose C. status D. accounts E. mirrors F. typical G. catered H. surpassed I. domestic J. gathered K.standards The historic city of Suzhou, about an hour’s drive from Shanghai, is crisscrossed with canals. Old whitewashed buildings line the banks. A century ago, some of these would have been chaguans, or traditional tea-houses, where locals ___46___ to discuss the news or conduct business. Today a visitor is more likely to find shops serving a different kind of beverage. There are dozens of Starbucks outlets in Suzhou, as well as other coffee sellers. Between 2010 and 2023 coffee consumption per person in China ___47___ fourfold, according to the International Coffee Organization. The average Chinese person still drinks a fraction of the amount of coffee guzzled by the ___48___ American: 0.1kg per year compared with 4.7kg. But last year China ___49___ America, becoming the country with the most branded coffee shops (places like Starbucks) in the world, as the World Coffee Portal, a research firm, reported. China is home to nearly 50,000 such outlets. The early history of coffee in China is fuzzy. By some ___50___ it was Danes who opened the first coffee shop in the country in the 1830s. A record from that period described coffee as a “black liquor, which the foreign devils drank after meals, saying it can help with ___51___”. A century later Lu Xun, a celebrated author, wrote that he didn’t drink the stuff: I always thought it was for the foreign excellencies. But after China introduced market reforms and opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Maxwell House brought instant coffee to the country. They ___52___ to local tastes, making their mixes sweeter and less bitter than what they sold elsewhere. Western-style coffee shops arrive years later – chief among them Starbucks in 1999. The company’s freshly-brewed coffee was new to China. Having a laptop in one hand and a (relatively expensive) cup of Starbucks in the other became a way for young middle-class people to indicate their ___53___. The biggest coffee-drinking demographic is still “white-collar workers in first-tier cities aged between 20 and 40”, according to Deloitte, a consulting firm. China’s experience ___54___ that of Japan some 50 years ago, when rising incomes led to more coffee consumption. Today, though, a wider range of the population is partaking thanks to the rise of ___55___ coffee chains selling affordable brews. The leader is Luckin Coffee, with over 20,000 outlets. Starbucks, by comparison, has 7,300 shops. A cup of basic Luckin coffee is about a third of the price of an equivalent Starbucks offering. Western-style coffee shops arrive years later – chief among them Starbucks in 1999. The company’s freshly-brewed coffee was new to China. (B) A. depressed B. cure C. emerged D. personified E. healing F. sensational G. signature H. mechanism I. positioned J. costume K. stickiness Jellycat was founded in 1999 in the UK as a home studio. After years of development, Jellycat brand has become one of the world-famous toy brands. Through continuous innovation and design, the Jellycat brand has achieved remarkable results in the market. Although the brand is ___56___ to create high-end children’s comfort dolls of the British brand, the target audience is 0-100 years old. Jellycat says it “wants to make people of any age happy”. It is not only a safe and soft toy for children but also a(n) ___57___for insecure adults. From lively eggplants to cute penguins, Jellycat has a deep understanding of the psyche of modern youth,. As a veteran doll brand that ___58___ in 1999, it has successfully captured the preferences of consumers. More and more adults begin to buy plush toys, which has become a new popular trend. First, the Jellycat brand ___59___ the doll, creating its own story for each doll and giving it life. They extended the design perspective to the small objects that could be seen everywhere, such as common vegetables, fruits, food and drinks. With the ___60___ smiling mouth and limbs, it came to life. Derived from the user’s anthropomorphic interaction and the secondary creation of social media, it became Jellycat for everything. Second, there is a wide range of products for sale. In addition to plush dolls in various sizes, Jellycat also offers a range of satchels and key chains, as well as backpack pendants. Consumers re-create products after purchase, using mini dolls as ___61___decorations and posting on social media to promote the product again. Jellycat has become a popular item among young Chinese and a must-have social meme for almost everyone. Finally, the Jellycat brand has adopted a card-collection ___62___ to create a series of dolls, such as vegetable series, Christmas series and so on, which let users form a collection habit by satisfying the addiction psychological mode. Creating brand ___63___ power and emotional value, brand emotional marketing is not only to sell products or services, but also to generate a deep relationship between consumers and the brand, so that they have positive attitudes and are willing to invest in it. Consumers are encouraged to express their ___64___ emotions through Jellycat dolls, which can relieve pressure and make consumers have a positive and profound recognition and loyalty to the brand. When the brand successfully cuts into the user’s consumption circle, and produces ___65___ with a specific value, the user is difficult to leave. As a result, Jellycat’s repurchase rate is broadly more than 30%. IV. Reading Comprehension (1’*15+2’*15=45’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The scientific Nobel prizes have always, in their way, ___66____ human intelligence. This year, for the first time, the trans-formative ___67___ of artificial intelligence (AI) has been recognized as well. That recognition began on Tuesday October 8th 2024, when Sweden’s Royal Academy of Science awarded the physics prize to John Hopfield of Princeton University and Geoffrey Hinton of the University of Toronto for computer-science ___68___ essential to the development of many of today’s most powerful AI models. The next day, the developers of one such model also ____69___ the call from Stockholm. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper from DeepMind, Google’s AI company, received one half of the chemistry prize for their development of AlphaFold, a program ___70___ of predicting three-dimensional protein structure, a long-standing grand challenge in biochemistry. The prize’s other half went to David Baker, a biochemist at the University of Washington, for his computer-aided work designing new proteins. The AI focus was not the only thing this year’s Nobel Prize announcements had ___71____. In both cases, the research being awarded would be seen as being outside the area of the prize-giving committees (AI research is computer science; protein research arguably counts as biology). Such flexibility is not unprecedented. In 1973 three pioneering students of animal behaviour, who worked on honeybees, geese, and sticklebacks, ___72____,were categorized into the physiology field. Both researchers did their crucial work in the early 1980s. Dr Hopfield was responsible for what has become known as the Hopfield network—a type of artificial neural (神经的） network that ____73___ like a physical structure called a “spin glass”, which gave the academy a tenuous reason to call the field “physics”. Dr Hinton’s ___74___ was to use an algorithm(算法) to train neural networks. Artificial neural networks are computer programs ___75___ on the way in which real, biological networks of nerve cells or neurons are believed to work. In particular, the strengths of the connections(known as weights) between “nodes”(the equivalent of neurons) in such networks can be ___76___. It is this nature of being able to be remodeled that gives a network the ability to ___77___ information differently in response to past performance; or, in other words, to learn. Hopfield networks, in which each node is connected to every other except itself, are particularly good at learning to ___78__ patterns from raw or noisy data. It is the activities of these two researchers which have made machine learning really sing. AI models can now not only learn, but ___79___ (or, for skeptics, reorganize in a most sophisticated manner). Such tools have thus gone from being able to perform highly ___80___ tasks to general jobs like writing essays for lazy undergraduates. 66. A. boosted B. attached C. supported D. honored 67. A. coverage B. potential C. distribution D. consultation 68. A. frequencies B. destinations C. breakthroughs D. foundations 69. A. missed B. received C. rejected D. anticipated 70. A. capable B. decent C. dynamic D. confident 71. A. for sure B. in doubt C. in common D. at odds 72. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. in particular D. for example 73. A. behaves B. infers C. facilitates D. formats 74. A. capacity B. explanation C. contribution D. failure 75. A. based B. launched C. expanded D. evaluated 76. A. reversed B. reshaped C. relieved D. refined 77. A. dominate B. establish C. process D. entitle 78. A. extract B. break C. connect D. interrupt 79. A. copy B. create C. repeat D. exist 80. A. chaotic B. common C. contradictory D. specific Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good. Throughout life, people's brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forming new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new. Of course, that doesn't mean the brain isn't affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn't necessarily make people think slower; as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences. In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people's minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy. A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness—a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge—may also help folks pass brain tests. Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, but those who aren't as genetically gifted aren't necessarily out of luck. While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That's why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It's not that old dogs can't learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don't realize why they should.” 81. What do some people think of aging adults? A. Their wisdom grows as time goes by in their long life. B. They can benefit from late-in-life learning and gain wisdom. C. Their memory gradually becomes inferior to that of the past. D. They are likely to have mental health issues due to forgetfulness. 82. What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman's finding? A. Brain damage seriously hinders one' s learning. B. Brains can refresh and improve with learning. C. Brain power weakens slower than we imagine. D. Brains forge connections under new conditions. 83. What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks? A. Doing daily routines by conventional means B. Avoiding worrying about our mental durability C. Imitating old dogs' way of learning new tricks D. Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways 84. What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging? A. Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one's reasoning power B. Playing number games unexpectedly stimulates one's memory C. Desiring new experiences can help to renovate the brain D. Learning new tricks should not be confined to old dogs only (B) 7 Celebrities with Strange Superstitions (迷信) Most of us have an irrational fear or habit. Famous folks often seem to go one step further. Benjamin Franklin—An odd morning ritual Author, inventor, diplomat, and scientist Benjamin Franklin (1706—1790) believed that air baths had a particular effect. Before he started his workday. Franklin would sit without any clothes on for up to an hour in front of an open window on the first floor of his building. He wrote that the shock of cold water was too violent for him and it was more agreeable for him to bathe in cold air. Franklin would either read or write during his “bath”. ① John Steinbeck—The right way to write John Steinbeck (1902—1968) wrote the first drafts of The Grapes of Wrath, East of Eden, Of Mice and Men, and most every other one of his books the same way—by hand and in pencil. And he was very particular about his pencils, requiring perfectly sharpened Black-wing 602s. John Wayne—A ten-gallon phobia Although John Wayne (1907—1979) often wore a hat on his head in his films, his temper would suddenly become angry if anyone left a hat on top of a bed. According to his daughter, Wayne was deeply superstitious and subscribed to the not-uncommon fear that a hat on a bed was a sign of bad luck. ② Lucille Ball—Feathered foe On the day that three-year-old Lucille Ball’s father died, a bird flew into her home and became trapped. Shocked by the events, she developed a lifelong bird hatred. The actor (1911—1989) even refused to stay in hotels that had pictures of birds on the walls. ③ Gustav Mahler—Beware number nine Composer Gustav Mahler (1860—1911) thought he could cheat death by not naming his ninth symphony by number. This was because several composers, including Beethoven and Schubert, had died after completing their ninth symphonies. So Mahler called his ninth The Song of the Earth—and it worked, in a sense. He lived long enough to write most of his tenth symphony, though he died before it was performed. Michael Jordan—Uniform re-designer Michael Jordan (1963—) reportedly began the trendsetting change from mid-thigh basketball shorts to longer ones as a way of covering up a pair of University of North Carolina shorts, which he wore for good luck under his Chicago uniform. Charles Dickens—Dream catcher Author Charles Dickens (1812—1870) carried a navigational compass with him at all times and always faced north when he slept. He believed it improved his creativity and writing. ④ 85. _____ kept an unreasonable habit in order to improve their work. A. Benjamin Franklin and Gustav Mahler B. Benjamin Franklin and Charles Dickens C. Gustav Mahler and Charles Dickens D. Lucille Ball and Gustav Mahler 86. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. A sharpened pencil was a necessity for John Steinbeck to improve his creativity. B. Gustav Mahler refused to finish his ninth symphony to avoid bad luck. C. Both Lucille Ball and John Wayne were afraid to certain stuff. D. Michael Jordan wore two pairs of basketball shorts in a match. 87. Which of the following arrangements of the illustrations best fits the boxes numbered ①②③④? A. d-b-a-c B. a-b-d-c C. d-c-a-b D. b-c-d-a (C) The term “environmentalist” can mean different things. It used to refer to people trying to protect wildlife and natural ecosystems. In the 21st century, the term has evolved to capture the need to combat human-made climate change. The distinction between these two strands of environmentalism is the cause of a split within the scientific community about nuclear energy. On one side are purists who believe nuclear power isn't worth the risk and the exclusive solution to the climate crisis is renewable energy. The opposing side agrees that renewable energy is crucial, but says society needs an amount of power available to meet consumers' basic demands when the sun isn't shining and the wind isn't blowing. Nuclear energy, being far cleaner than oil, gas and coal, is a natural option, especially where hydroelectric capacity is limited. Leon Clarke, who helped author reports for the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, isn't an uncritical supporter of nuclear energy, but says it's a valuable option to have if we're serious about reaching carbon neutrality. “Core to all of this is the degree to which you think we can actually meet climate goals with 100% renewable energy,” he said. “If you don't believe we can do it, and you care about the climate, you are forced to think about something like nuclear.” The prospect of universal 100% renew-ability is similarly contentious. Cities such as Burlington, Vermont, have been “100% renewable” for years. But these cities often have small populations, occasionally still rely on fossil fuel energy and have significant renewable resources at their immediate disposal. Meanwhile, countries that manage to run off renewable energy typically do so thanks to extraordinary hydroelectric capabilities. Germany stands as the best case study for a large, industrialized country pushing into green energy. Chancellor Angela Merkel in 2011 announced Energiewende, an energy transition that would phase out nuclear and coal while phasing in renewable energy. Wind and solar power generation has increased over 400% since 2010, and renewable energy provided 46% of the country's electricity in 2019. But progress has stopped in recent years. The instability of renewable energy doesn't just mean energy is often not produced at night, but also that solar and wind can overwhelm the grid during the day, forcing utilities to pay customers to use their electricity. Lagging grid infrastructure struggles to transport this overabundance of green energy from Germany's north to its industrial south, meaning many factories still run on coal and gas. The political limit has also been reached in some places, with citizens meeting the construction of new wind turbines with loud protests. The result is that Germany's greenhouse gas emissions have fallen by around 11.5% since 2010— slower than the EU average of 13.5%. 88. What is the solution to energy shortage proposed by purists' opponents? A. Relying on renewable energy firmly and exclusively B. Using fossil fuel and green energy alternately C. Choosing nuclear energy when necessary D. Limiting people's non-basic consumption 89. What point does the author want to make with cities like Burlington as an example? A. It is controversial whether the goal of the whole world's exclusive dependence on renewable energy is attainable. B. It is contentious whether cities with large populations have renewable resources at their immediate disposal. C. It is arguable whether cities that manage to run off renewable energy have sustainable hydroelectric capabilities. D. It is debatable whether traditional fossil fuel energy can be done away with entirely throughout the world. 90. What do we learn about Germany regarding renewable energy? A. It has increased its wind and solar power generation four times over the last two decades. B. It represents a good example of a major industrialized country promoting green energy. C. It relies on renewable energy to generate more than half of its electricity. D. It has succeeded in reaching the goal of energy transition set by Merkel. 91. What may be one of the reasons for Germany's progress having stopped in recent years? A. Its grid infrastructure's capacity has fallen behind its development of green energy. B. Its overabundance of green energy has forced power plants to suspend operation during daytime. C. Its industrial south is used to running factories on conventional energy supplies. D. Its renewable energy supplies are unstable both at night and during the day. (D) Vast stretches of central Asia feel uninhabited. The landscape of desert, steppe (大草原), and mountains seems to swallow up anything human. It is little surprise, then, that this region remains largely unknown to most archaeologists. Most archaeological work in Central Asia during the past century has focused on the open and rolling plains that stretch from the Black Sea to Manchuria. These steppes only came to life after 2000 B.C., when horse domestication and riding suddenly turned a forbidding landscape for pedestrians into a natural highway of grass. By contrast, the areas to the south of the steppes have long been dismissed as backwaters of history. In the past, these southern mountains and deserts were considered too remote, rugged, and inhospitable to have played a role in early migrations or the emergence of urban life. Frachetti, who has studied modern-day pastoralists(放牧人), in such unforgiving landscapes as the Sahara and Scandinavia, was drawn to the southern region of Central Asia for its environmental diversity of desert, grassland, and meadows. Instead of a wasteland, he saw an ideal landscape for enterprising pastoralists who wanted to pasture their animals in all seasons. Together with his colleagues, Frachetti began digging a decade ago in the Dzhungar Mountains of Kazakhstan. Covering nearly 500 square miles, this region lies between the Tian Shan and Altai Mountain ranges, and boasts sharp peaks topping 12,000 feet, as well as harsh desert. More surprisingly, the researchers found wheat, which was first domesticated in the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East, and corn that was first widely grown in northern China. The grains were used ritually in a burial, and radiocarbon dating of the remains dates them to about 2200 B.C., making them the oldest known domesticated grains in Central Asia. The people of Begash may not have grown either grain -- there are no grinding stones, a sign of grain preparation -- but instead received it via trade networks stretching from the Near East to China. Dorian Fuller, a leading expert in ancient grains based at University College London, calls the finds "important and well dated." He adds that Chinese crops such as corns began to appear in southwest Asia around 1900 B.C., a few centuries after they reached Begash, which could mean the passage through the mountain regions was a means of gradual transmission from east to west. Frachetti proposes that the grains may have been acquired from other tribes and used for ritual purposes, and then perhaps were passed on to other pastoral peoples. What makes the Begash discoveries so important is that previously this region was assumed to have been a land of scattered hunters until steppe peoples went down into the area's valleys and mountain ranges after 2000 B.C. But it is becoming evident that the people of Begash were not simple hunters, but sophisticated pastoralists who tended their flocks, much as people in the area still do today. The inhabitants did not begin to use horses until well into the second millennium B.C., and the varieties of sheep and goat found here today appear to be related to the varieties first domesticated thousands of years before in western Iran, near ancient Mesopotamia. This indicates that Begash was "at the crossroads of extremely wide networks among Eurasian communities by the third millennium B.C.," asserts Frachetti. 92. According to the passage, what made the steppes accessible to travelers? A. Running into a natural highway B. Turning a forbidding landscape C. Raising horses D. Riding motorcycles 93. Frachetti was initially interested in the areas to the south of the steppes because of _______ . A. their varied geographical features B. their harsh climate and terrain C. their role in the emergence of urban life D. their location in the trade route to the north 94. Which of the following statements about the wheat and corn found in Begash is CORRECT? A. They were early signs of agriculture there. B. They were the result of trading with China. C. They were mainly used in religious rituals. D. They were probably given by other tribes. 95. What is the significance of the Begash discoveries? A. Supporting that people in the area lived basically as hunters. B. Proposing new views about the region came into being. C. Questioning the idea that Begash was at the center of the trading network. D. Indicating that Begash was part of the Eurasian community. 第二卷 Section A (1’*10=10’) Directions: Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word 1. He will have learned Spanish for eight years by the time he ____(graduate) from that famous foreign language school next year. 2. In 1938 Pearl Buck became the first American woman _____(receive) the Nobel Prize for literature, which helps to raise women’s social status at that time. 3. The president, prior to ____(deliver) the formal speech, carefully prepared his notes, rehearsed multiple times, and adjusted his tone to ensure his message would be effectively conveyed. 4. Every possible means ________(use) to prevent the air pollution up to now, and it seems to work! The sky is getting clearer in China. 5. ______(face) with such great encouragement, we try our best to satisfy the expectations of the players and to communicate with players in a very honest way. 6. ______ (weigh) 1,000 tons, the damper(阻尼) of the Shanghai Tower swayed violently during the passage of Typhoon Bebinca on September 16, 2024. 7. The poor young lady is said _____ (treat)badly in the nursing house when she grew up there as a little girl. 8. With all her time ______(devote) to experiments, she analyzed a wide array of variables in her research, striving for scientific advancement. 9.The injured victims, ______(suffer) from the profound psychological shock, require comprehensive intervention strategies that address both their physical and mental needs. 10. “Hi Lucy! Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?” “Hi Maggie! I went to Africa and ______(live) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.” Section B: Sentence Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) 1. 该研究表明健康与生活方式的选择有关，特别是饮食和体育运动。(relate) 2. 这个小镇的年度节日充满了家庭的欢笑，展示了该社区丰富的文化和传统。(alive) 3. 许多学生热衷于参加课外活动，认识到发展社交技能和建立人脉的重要性。(keen) 4. 这一奖项是为了表彰在科学领域的突破性成就而设立的，并以一位彻底改变我们对能源理解的杰出物理学家命名。(name) 【附加题】(1’*10=10’) I. Select ONE entry for each blank from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text. 96. Although the political science professor's paper is quite ___1___about the government's problems, suggesting that they are part of a ___2___ process, the prognosis for the government is, on the contrary, actually quite auspicious. 97. The author of this biography gives an accurate and ___1___account of the subject's life story, but all of this carefully assembled detail fails to compensate for the general lack of ___2___in her writing. 98. lnuit print making is less___1___ than carving in that it does not have substantial historica precedents, although there are___2__ incised carvings on bone or antler, facial tattoo marks, or inlay skin work on clothing, mitts and footwear. Carving materials such as stone, bone, antler, wood, and ivory were ___3___, but paper and drawing tools were unknown until introduced by early explorers and missionaries. 99. In adolescence, ___1___interactions are crucial in forging a self-identity. To be sure, this process often plays out in ___2__ as a means of defining and shoring up the sense of self. Kids will seek out likeminded companions, and spurn others who seem different. But when kept within reasonable bounds, this in-group ___3___ generally evolves into a more mature friendship 100. The ___1__ quality of much contemporary drawing may be attributable to the use of photography as a drawing shortcut. Photography __2__modern arts, but when it is used as a tracing tool in order to __3__the difficulties of achieving correct proportion, the resulting art often feels static and lifeless. II. Reading Comprehension Touchwood’s bad temper is of the contradicting pugnacious sort. He is the honourable gentleman in opposition, whatever proposal or proposition may be Line broached, and when others join him he secretly damns their superfluous agreement, quickly discovering that his way of stating the case is not exactly theirs. An invitation or any sign of expectation throws him into an attitude of refusal. Ask his concurrence in a benevolent measure: he will not decline to give it, because he has a real sympathy with good aims; but he complies resentfully, though where he is let alone, he will do much more than anyone would have thought of asking for. No man would shrink with greater sensitiveness from the imputation of not paying his debts, yet when a bill is sent in with any promptitude, he is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money he is in such a hurry to get. One sees that this antagonistic temper must be much relieved by finding a particular object, and that its worst moments must be those where the mood is that of vague resistance, there being nothing specific to oppose. Touchwood is never so little engaging as when he comes down to breakfast with a cloud on his brow, after parting from you the night before with an affectionate effusiveness at the end of a confidential conversation which has assured you of mutual understanding. Impossible that you can have committed any offence. If mice have disturbed him, that is not your fault; but, nevertheless, your cheerful greeting had better not convey any reference to the weather, else it will be met by a sneer which, taking you unawares, may give you a crushing sense that you make a poor figure with your cheerfulness, which was not asked for. Some daring person perhaps introduces another topic, and uses the delicate flattery of appealing to Touchwood for his opinion, the topic being included in his favourite studies. An indistinct muttering, with a look at the carving-knife in reply, teaches that daring person how ill he has chosen a market for his deference. If Touchwood’s behaviour affects you very closely you had better break your leg in the course of the day: his bad temper will then vanish at once; he will take a painful journey on your behalf; he will sit up with you night after night; he will do all the work of your department so as to save you from any loss in consequence of your accident; he will be even uniformly tender to you till you are well on your legs again, when he will some fine morning insult you without provocation, and make you wish that his generous goodness to you had not closed your lips against retort. 101. The narrator suggests that agreeing with Touchwood on a given subject is a way to_______ A. achieve a kind of victory over him B. change his grouchiness to good humor C. earn his grudging intellectual respect D. throw him into confusion and embarrassment E. cause him to alter his original approach 102. According to the narrator, when is Touchwood LEAST contented? A. When he fails to agree with an opponent B. When a tradesman presents him with a bill C. When he fails to get a peaceful night’s sleep D. When he lacks a specific object to challenge E. When he is unable to achieve a benevolent end 103. What is the most likely reason that Touchwood “is inclined to make the tradesman wait for the money” ? A. He enjoys doing harm to other people. B. He fears for his own financial security. C. He refuses to respond to another’s prompting. D. He is extremely wary of being cheated. E. He is uncertain about the legitimacy of others’ demands. 104. The underlined part“Impossible…fault” primarily serve to______ A. offer feeble excuses B. present contradictory explanations C. acknowledge personal responsibility D. imagine and reject possible provocations E. describe and deny public allegations 105. At the end of the passage, the narrator suggests that the person who has had the “accident” will____ A. become Touchwood’s friend for life B. be reluctant to respond to verbal attacks from Touchwood C. tend to avoid Touchwood’s company at any cost D. have only kindly feelings toward Touchwood E. have a lower opinion of Touchwood than before the accident 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025 学年度第一学期 高一英语期中考试试卷答案及听力文字 I. Listening Comprehension 25 Section A 1-10 CABBC DBCAB Section B 11-20 DBB DBA ADCB II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 25 21-30 CACDB CBBAA 31-40 ADCBC ADBCB 41-45 DABDB Section B 20*1.5 46-55 JBFHD AGCEI 56-65 IBCDG JHEAK III. Reading Comprehension Section A 15 66-80 DBCBA CDACA BCABD Section B 30 81-84 CBDC 85-87 BDC 88-91 CABA 92-95 CADB IV. Blank Filling 10 1. graduates 2. to receive 3. delivering 4. has been used 5. Faced 6. Weighing 7. to have been treated 8. devoted 9. suffering/having suffered 10. lived V. Translation 15 1. The research indicates that health is related to the choice of life style, especially diet and physical exercise. 2. The annual festival of the town is alive with joyous laughter of the families, showing the rich culture and tradition of the community. 3. Many students are keen on extracurricular activities, recognizing the importance of developing social skills and building connections. 4. The award was established to honor groundbreaking achievements in science and was named after a distinguished physicist who revolutionized our understanding of energy. 附加题： 96. CD 97. CF 98. ADG 99. CDH 100. AEI 101-105. EDCDB 听力原文 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Short conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: What did you think of the book I lent you, David? M: It was a real page-turner. I finished reading it just in an hour. Q: What does the man think of the book? 2. M: Hi,Claire, how was the South African trip then? W: Oh, it was fantastic, Peter. And the best part was the game park, just like you'd led me to expect. Q: What can we learn about Peter? 3. W: Good afternoon, sir. I need the seventh edition of Psychology for my class on Monday afternoon, but I only see the sixth edition on the shelf. M: Yes, someone else asked me about it earlier. I've called the warehouse and they're shipping copies to us. We should have them Monday morning. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 4. W: So Monarch butterflies live in the Rocky Mountains of North American, don't they? M: That's right, but unlike other insects in temperate climates, they can't survive a long cold winter. Q: What are the two speakers talking about? 5. W: On The Book Programme tonight, I welcome David Dell, who has just published a book about the Brooklyn Bridge in New York. M: Thank you! Q:Who is most probably the man? 6. M: You've decided not to get the trouser suit then? W: Well, it would be more useful, but I've got lots of others... too much like work. Q: What does the woman mean? 7. M: Do you think we should call to make reservations for dinner tonight? W: I doubt it. Yang's Kitchen seems to be one of those places that are only crowded on weekends. Q: What does the woman imply? 8. M: Did you realize that our meeting this afternoon was supposed to be for 2:15, not 2:30? W: I'm really sorry. I think my watch has been running slow. I must do something about it soon. Q:What is the woman going to do? 9. W: I'm really disappointed. There are a couple of required courses I have to take before I can take the history class I'm interested in. M: Don't be disappointed yet. You may be able to get special permission from the professor. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 10. W: Do you know who won the baseball game? M: They had to postpone it because of the rain. It's been rescheduled for next week. Q: What does the man mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. One social psychologist, Robert Levine, a professor at California State University in Fresno,California, created a study that allowed researchers to analyze some data, some numbers, that could accurately define the pace of life of a place. He wanted to know the answer to this question,“What makes a place have a slow or fast pace?” Here's how he and his researchers went about it. They analyzed and compared 31 different cities around the world. They looked at three different factors. Let me put them up here so you can follow. What is the average walking speed of the place? To measure that, he randomly selected people, both men and women, and watched the speed at which they walked in crowded,downtown areas. Uh, he watched them as they walked a distance of 60 feet, or about 20 meters. Second, he looked at speed in the workplace. Now, he did this in an interesting way. He went to post offices all around the world. Yes, that's right, post offices. And, he measured how long it took a postal clerk to sell someone a stamp. They measured the time that passed between when a clerk received the money and the customer received the stamp. They looked at how much time that took. The third thing he looked at was how interested a place was in keeping accurate time on clocks. So, the researchers went to 15 randomly chosen banks and looked at their clocks. Then they compared the time on these clocks to the time reported by the phone company. You know what I mean, when you call the phone company to learn the time of day from a recorded voice.That time is considered to be very accurate. By looking at these factors the researchers came up with a rating of overall pace of life-the overall sense of time urgency. Let's look at a few highlights from this survey.Now listen again. Questions 11. What question is Robert Levine's study intended to address? 12. Where did Robert Levine go to measure the speed in the workplace? 13. What is the speaker most probably going to talk about next? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. All dancers love their work, but another thing you'll soon learn is that you won't be able to dance all the time, not because of overwork or exhaustion, but because there are so many dancers out there that unemployment is a factor in every dancer's life, and you have to develop other skills as well to make money. You can combine performing with teaching, whether you set up classes yourself or work for an employer. Some dance agencies and government bodies have openings in administration and there are often opportunities because not many dancers think it's creative enough. A dancer's career can be short, and in any event rarely lasts beyond the age of forty.Accept this, and it won't stress you. And do remember that any injury, especially to the feet, back and legs, can have an impact and may reduce the length of career even further so it's really important to understand your body and always take care not to push yourself too hard. Dancing's a fantastic career but it's not an easy one. You have to be prepared to travel to get the work that suits you particularly if you specialise in one type of dance. That's the only way to make a success of things because the jobs won't come to you. Okay, I'll pause there for a minute so...Now listen again. Questions 14. According to the speaker, what may lead to a dancer's unemployment? 15. What suggestion does the speaker give to dancers to make a living? 16. Which of the following statements is the speaker most likely to agree with? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. W: Great necklace, Simon. M: This? I got it when I was a young man, still living in Zambia. W: Oh, was it a gift? M: Well, it's been in my family for several generations. It came to me from my uncle, whose father, my grandfather, had worn it before him. It's made of elephant hair. In my tribe, the Kaonde, the elephant represents the good qualities of leadership-anything with a link to an elephant is said to hand over gifts of responsibility, hard work and success. So when he gave me this necklace, my uncle was telling me he thought I had the capacity to be a leader. W: That's fascinating. M: I wear the necklace every day and it makes me aware of the need to be focused in life. W: I see. So when you look at it you think about what really matters. Does it help you with your work at the community centre? Lots of people there come from Africa don't they? M: Yeah, or their parents did. W: So anyone who had grown up in Zambia would look at this necklace and understand the significance of it. M: Yes, people there often mention it and they are much willing to talk with me if they have any problem. W: That's really interesting. Now listen again. Questions 17. Where did Simon grow up? 18. Why did Simon's uncle give him the necklace? 19. Why does Simon wear the necklace every day? 20. What do people in the community centre think of Simon? That's the end of listening comprehension. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$