Unit 5 Languages around the World单词短语句型语法（考点专练）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 5 Languages around the World 教材考点精练 单元重点单词、短语、句型、语法 教材考点 （一）重点单词 重点单词及拓展 1、 native：adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的。n. 本地人 短语有 be native to... 原产于…… a native of... …… 本地人 2、attitude：n. 态度；看法 常用短语 have a…attitude to/towards... 对……持/采取……的态度 3、means：n. 方式；方法；途径。单复数同形 常见短语 by means of 用；凭借 by no means 绝不 4、regard：n. 尊重；关注。vt. 把…… 视为；看待 短语有 regard …as... 认为……是…… give one's regards to向…… 问候 5、appreciate：vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会。vi. 增值 用法为 appreciate (+n./prn./one's+) doing sth. 感激 (某物/某人) 做某事 6、struggle：n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 短语有 struggle for 为…… 奋斗 struggle with/against与…… 斗争 7、variety：n. （植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化 动词为 vary变化，形容词是 various各种各样的 短语 a variety of/varieties of各种各样的 8、major：adj. 主要的；重要的；n. 主修课程；专业；主修学生vi. 主修；专门研究 短语 the majority of …… 的大多数 9、refer：vi. 提到；参考；查阅。vt. 查询；叫…… 求助于 名词为 reference参考 短语 refer to指的是；提到；查阅， refer to...as...把…… 称作…… （二）重点短语 date back to...：追溯到 ups and downs：浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 be connected with：与…… 连接 be of great importance：十分重要 point of view：观点；看法 depend on：依靠；依赖；取决于 relate to：与…… 相关；涉及；谈到 if possible：如果可能的话 play a role in：在…… 中起作用 adapt to：适应 be divided into：被分成…… （三）重点句型 1、It was a time when...：这是一个…… 的时期 It was a time when peple were divided geographically，leading t many varieties f dialects and characters. 那是一个人们在地域上被分隔的时期，导致了许多方言和文字变体的产生。 2、“be of＋抽象名词” 结构：相当于对应的形容词 be of imprtance = imprtant，be f value = valuable 3、matter hw/what/when...，引导让步状语从句：无论怎样 / 什么 / 何时…… matter what difficulties we meet，we shuld keep smiling. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都应该保持微笑。 4、 “the＋比较级，the＋比较级”：表示 “越……，就越……” The mre yu read，the better yur English will be. 你读得越多，你的英语就会越好。 5、 have sb d sth：让某人做某事 The teacher had the students write a cmpsitin after class. 老师让学生们课后写一篇作文。 （四）重点语法 限制性定语从句 【精讲·语法知识】 关系副词的用法 1、when：指时间，相当于 “介词 + which” I still remember the day when I first came t this schl.（=on which） 2、where：指地点，相当于 “介词 + which” his is the place where we met last time.（=at which） 3、why：指原因，相当于 “fr + which” The reasn why he was late is that he missed the bus.（=for which） 4、介词 + 关系代词：介词后用 which（指物）或 whm（指人） The persn with whm I talked just nw is my teacher.（with + whm） （六）重点词汇语法精练 I.单句语法填空 1.From my point of view, a negative attitude learning will have a bad effect on you. 2. Could you please lend me your (refer) book on global affairs? 3. This semester, every possible means (have) been used to narrow each other's gap up to now. 4. I really appreciate (get) your timely and generous aid. 5.The reason he likes reading classics is that they can bring him happiness. 6. (write) Chinese has become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. 7. An increasing number of foreign students (be) beginning to appreciate China's cultures. 8. With the (develop) of the economy, China is playing an important role in global affairs. 9. I struggled survival when I was trapped in the emergency. 10. From my point of view, success is related determination and patience. 11. I have trouble (guess) the meanings of some unfamiliar words based on contexts. 12.I (study) calligraphy since primary school. 13. In case of emergencies, (prepare)a first aid kit at home is necessary. 14. Honestly speaking, I don't know how (enlarge) my vocabulary. 15. It depends whether you have a positive attitude or not. 16.Despite the fact that I am senior him by three years, he knows a lot more than me. 17.Would you mind (go)to the supermarket by subway? 18. Do you know the boy p refers taking part in a variety of activities? II.选词填空 regard..as, major in, refer to, date back to, on the basis of be equal to, struggle to one's feet, in relation to, in great demand 1. English and I always kept an English-English dictionary on hand at university. 2. my past experience, I could deal with the emergency easily. 3. In summary, the English newspaper my best friend. 4. The person I just now is my brother who always makes every effort to achieve his goal. 5. Unfortunately, the flood destroyed the building the Qing Dynasty. 6. I will attend a lecture how to improve the skills of calligraphy. 7. He has much experience in performing first aid, so I think that he the job. 8. Our products are and we must employ more drivers to deliver them. 9.Despite the fact that he was weak, he and tried to walk around the room. III.单句语法填空 1. Do you still remember the day we took the first aid course? 2. I don't know the reason the athlete gave up halfway through the competition. 3. This is the place the famous headmaster delivered a speech. 4. Have you heard of the flood which our teacher referred ? 5. This is the farm which my father grows fruit and vegetables. 6. This is the athlete whom we have learnt a lot. 7. I'll never forget the day I spent with my cousins in the mountains. 8. The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable. 9. We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true. 10. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is of great importance. IV.语法填空 My first few English classes of senior high school were challenging. I found 1. a little bit difficult to follow the teacher. She spoke so 2. (quick) that I couldn't uinderstand every word.3. (late)on, I realized that it didn't matter if you didn't make sense of every word. I was also afraid to speak in class,because I thought I might 4.(laugh) at by my classmates. I couldn't always make complete sentences, either.Then I started to watch English language TV,5. helped a lot.I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the 6. ______(secret) of becoming a good language learner. Another thing that I found difficult was English grammar,so I decided 7.____________ (take) lots of grammar notes in every class and then write my own original sentences using the grammar I was learning. It's 8. (amaze) how much this has helped. Now I really enjoy learning English. To my delight, I 9.(make) great progress in English recently and my teacher is impressed 10_________ my progress. V语法填空（定语从句） 1.The man __________ invented this writing system is a linguist. (who/that) 2. This is the book __________ I borrowed from the library. (which/that) 3. The day __________ she started learning Chinese was in 2018. (when) 4. The reason __________ he failed the test is lack of practice. (why) 5. The country __________ he lives has multiple official languages. (where) 模拟考点精练 二、阅读理解 （24-25高一下·浙江绍兴·期中）How similar are language and music? Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives, whether it is played on the radio on your drive to work or played in a concert. Both language and music play a huge role in our culture. 1 ●Both have a writing system. In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. 2 . By writing pieces of music, we are able to share experiences and emotions through time. We can also hear the composition of musicians who lived hundreds of years ago, which is really quite exciting. ● 3 You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. ●Both share emotion. 4 Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. 5 I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics. A．Both vary with culture. B．Both have their own different features. C．Here are some of their similarities. D．How do you know that I am angry? E．We use language to express our thoughts. F．Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music. G．In contrast, you probably also listen to music when you are feeling down. 二、完形填空 （25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）As a teenager in the 1960s, I grew up in the suburbs south of Boston. I fell under the control of the very pleasantly 1 mysteries (奥秘) of the Chinese language. Someday, I told myself, that I would 2 the meanings of the mysteries. So, entering college, I decided to 3 the study of Chinese. But my small college in Maine offered no Chinese courses. Following graduation from college, I entered an evening course at a language centre for adults, and thus 4 my personal journey in the study of Chinese. That journey 5 The George Washington University and Georgetown University, and after a 15-year 6 , restarted in tutoring classes starting in 1999 and later in independent study at George Mason University without 7 . From 1983 and through the following decades, a dozen business trips to China 8 my study of Chinese, and I experienced the amazing change of China. In 2012, I retired. I began to attend weekly presentations about Chinese affairs sponsored (主办) by the Confucius Institute at Mason. By late 2014 this casual (偶然的) contact had led to the 9 of a Chinese reading club at the institute, which by mid-2016 had had six experienced Chinese learners who could read and discuss 10 literary works of such 11 Chinese authors as Lu Xun, Lao She and Zhu Ziqing. Under the teachers’ guidance, the 12 and joys of the group meetings to understand the secrets of the short stories I read, in Chinese, have brought me to a deeper understanding of China. I am personally 13 for the opportunity provided. I suggest that the Confucius Institute at Mason consider 14 the model of this reading group to others, as the world’s most spoken and read language is 15 popular among the Westerners who have started the wonderful voyage of it. 1．A．relaxing B．inviting C．developing D．confusing 2．A．explain B．deepen C．uncover D．evaluate 3．A．look into B．break off C．seek out D．take up 4．A．launched B．spread C．delayed D．shared 5．A．shook off B．wound through C．set up D．lived with 6．A．interaction B．exchange C．improvement D．break 7．A．difficulties B．encouragement C．guidance D．delivery 8．A．strengthened B．started C．interrupted D．ended 9．A．formation B．break-up C．factor D．wave 10．A．serious B．advanced C．rapid D．historical 11．A．revised B．doubted C．annoyed D．respected 12．A．weaknesses B．challenges C．results D．chances 13．A．demanding B．concerned C．grateful D．anxious 14．A．promising B．cancelling C．selling D．promoting 15．A．increasingly B．discouragingly C．frighteningly D．equally 三、语法填空 （25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As English learners, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others. However, going from an unconfident speaker to 1 confident one is possible. Adopt a practice and repetition routine (惯例). When something becomes natural for you, you begin to feel confident of doing it. It’s the same principle as speaking English confidently. So write down 2 you may talk about and then practise 3 (say) it aloud and repeatedly before an English meeting. Purposely speak more 4 (slow). You may lose confidence when your 5 (speak) English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases, it’s because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy 6 (achieve). Don’t run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, 7 you will build your confidence in the uncomfortable zones. The secret is to be fully 8 (prepare), and then you will overcome the uncomfortable situations. All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesn’t happen overnight. It 9 (take) time and you need to make continuous efforts. As long as you make enough efforts, all your 10 (anxious) will disappear and you will also naturally become confident about speaking English in front of others. 四、书信写作 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期末）假定你是李华。你的英语笔友Alex给你发来邮件，抱怨说背英语单词表既困难又枯燥。你认为这种学习方法并不合适。请你给Alex回复邮件，提出你的看法和建议。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Languages around the World 教材考点精练 单元重点单词、短语、句型、语法 教材考点 （一）重点单词 重点单词及拓展 1、 native：adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的。n. 本地人 短语有 be native to... 原产于…… a native of... …… 本地人 2、attitude：n. 态度；看法 常用短语 have a…attitude to/towards... 对……持/采取……的态度 3、means：n. 方式；方法；途径。单复数同形 常见短语 by means of 用；凭借 by no means 绝不 4、regard：n. 尊重；关注。vt. 把…… 视为；看待 短语有 regard …as... 认为……是…… give one's regards to向…… 问候 5、appreciate：vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会。vi. 增值 用法为 appreciate (+n./prn./one's+) doing sth. 感激 (某物/某人) 做某事 6、struggle：n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 短语有 struggle for 为…… 奋斗 struggle with/against与…… 斗争 7、variety：n. （植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化 动词为 vary变化，形容词是 various各种各样的 短语 a variety of/varieties of各种各样的 8、major：adj. 主要的；重要的；n. 主修课程；专业；主修学生vi. 主修；专门研究 短语 the majority of …… 的大多数 9、refer：vi. 提到；参考；查阅。vt. 查询；叫…… 求助于 名词为 reference参考 短语 refer to指的是；提到；查阅， refer to...as...把…… 称作…… （二）重点短语 date back to...：追溯到 ups and downs：浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 be connected with：与…… 连接 be of great importance：十分重要 point of view：观点；看法 depend on：依靠；依赖；取决于 relate to：与…… 相关；涉及；谈到 if possible：如果可能的话 play a role in：在…… 中起作用 adapt to：适应 be divided into：被分成…… （三）重点句型 1、It was a time when...：这是一个…… 的时期 It was a time when peple were divided geographically，leading t many varieties f dialects and characters. 那是一个人们在地域上被分隔的时期，导致了许多方言和文字变体的产生。 2、“be of＋抽象名词” 结构：相当于对应的形容词 be of imprtance = imprtant，be f value = valuable 3、matter hw/what/when...，引导让步状语从句：无论怎样 / 什么 / 何时…… matter what difficulties we meet，we shuld keep smiling. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都应该保持微笑。 4、 “the＋比较级，the＋比较级”：表示 “越……，就越……” The mre yu read，the better yur English will be. 你读得越多，你的英语就会越好。 5、 have sb d sth：让某人做某事 The teacher had the students write a cmpsitin after class. 老师让学生们课后写一篇作文。 （四）重点语法 限制性定语从句 【精讲·语法知识】 关系副词的用法 1、when：指时间，相当于 “介词 + which” I still remember the day when I first came t this schl.（=on which） 2、where：指地点，相当于 “介词 + which” his is the place where we met last time.（=at which） 3、why：指原因，相当于 “fr + which” The reasn why he was late is that he missed the bus.（=for which） 4、介词 + 关系代词：介词后用 which（指物）或 whm（指人） The persn with whm I talked just nw is my teacher.（with + whm） （六）重点词汇语法精练 I.单句语法填空 1.From my point of view, a negative attitude learning will have a bad effect on you. 2. Could you please lend me your (refer) book on global affairs? 3. This semester, every possible means (have) been used to narrow each other's gap up to now. 4. I really appreciate (get) your timely and generous aid. 5.The reason he likes reading classics is that they can bring him happiness. 6. (write) Chinese has become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. 7. An increasing number of foreign students (be) beginning to appreciate China's cultures. 8. With the (develop) of the economy, China is playing an important role in global affairs. 9. I struggled survival when I was trapped in the emergency. 10. From my point of view, success is related determination and patience. 11. I have trouble (guess) the meanings of some unfamiliar words based on contexts. 12.I (study) calligraphy since primary school. 13. In case of emergencies, (prepare)a first aid kit at home is necessary. 14. Honestly speaking, I don't know how (enlarge) my vocabulary. 15. It depends whether you have a positive attitude or not. 16.Despite the fact that I am senior him by three years, he knows a lot more than me. 17.Would you mind (go)to the supermarket by subway? 18. Do you know the boy p refers taking part in a variety of activities? 答案 1. to/towards 2.reference 3.has 4.getting 5.why 6.Written 7. are 8.development 9.for 10.to 11.guessing 12.have studied/have been studying 13.preparing 14.to enlarge 15.on/upon 16.to 17. going 18.who/that II.选词填空 regard..as, major in, refer to, date back to, on the basis of be equal to, struggle to one's feet, in relation to, in great demand 1. English and I always kept an English-English dictionary on hand at university. 2. my past experience, I could deal with the emergency easily. 3. In summary, the English newspaper my best friend. 4. The person I just now is my brother who always makes every effort to achieve his goal. 5. Unfortunately, the flood destroyed the building the Qing Dynasty. 6. I will attend a lecture how to improve the skills of calligraphy. 7. He has much experience in performing first aid, so I think that he the job. 8. Our products are and we must employ more drivers to deliver them. 9.Despite the fact that he was weak, he and tried to walk around the room. 答案 II.1.majored in 2.On the basis of 3.is regarded as 4.referred to 5.dating back to 6.in relation to 7.is equal to 8.in great demand 9. struggled to his feet III.单句语法填空 1. Do you still remember the day we took the first aid course? 2. I don't know the reason the athlete gave up halfway through the competition. 3. This is the place the famous headmaster delivered a speech. 4. Have you heard of the flood which our teacher referred ? 5. This is the farm which my father grows fruit and vegetables. 6. This is the athlete whom we have learnt a lot. 7. I'll never forget the day I spent with my cousins in the mountains. 8. The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable. 9. We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true. 10. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is of great importance. 答案 III.1.when 2.why 3.where 4.to 5.on 6.from 7. which/that 8.that/which 9.when 10.where IV.语法填空 My first few English classes of senior high school were challenging. I found 1. a little bit difficult to follow the teacher. She spoke so 2. (quick) that I couldn't uinderstand every word.3. (late)on, I realized that it didn't matter if you didn't make sense of every word. I was also afraid to speak in class,because I thought I might 4.(laugh) at by my classmates. I couldn't always make complete sentences, either.Then I started to watch English language TV,5. helped a lot.I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the 6. ______(secret) of becoming a good language learner. Another thing that I found difficult was English grammar,so I decided 7.____________ (take) lots of grammar notes in every class and then write my own original sentences using the grammar I was learning. It's 8. (amaze) how much this has helped. Now I really enjoy learning English. To my delight, I 9.(make) great progress in English recently and my teacher is impressed 10_________ my progress. 答案 IV.1.it 2.quickly 3.Later 4.be laughed 5.which 6.secrets 7.to take 8.amazing 9.have made/have been making 10.with/by V语法填空（定语从句） 1.The man __________ invented this writing system is a linguist. (who/that) 2. This is the book __________ I borrowed from the library. (which/that) 3. The day __________ she started learning Chinese was in 2018. (when) 4. The reason __________ he failed the test is lack of practice. (why) 5. The country __________ he lives has multiple official languages. (where) 答案 1. who/that 2. which/that 3. when 4. why 5. where 模拟考点精练 二、阅读理解 （24-25高一下·浙江绍兴·期中）How similar are language and music? Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives, whether it is played on the radio on your drive to work or played in a concert. Both language and music play a huge role in our culture. 1 ●Both have a writing system. In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. 2 . By writing pieces of music, we are able to share experiences and emotions through time. We can also hear the composition of musicians who lived hundreds of years ago, which is really quite exciting. ● 3 You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. ●Both share emotion. 4 Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. 5 I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics. A．Both vary with culture. B．Both have their own different features. C．Here are some of their similarities. D．How do you know that I am angry? E．We use language to express our thoughts. F．Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music. G．In contrast, you probably also listen to music when you are feeling down. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐和语言的共同点。 1．空前“Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives, whether it is played on the radio on your drive to work or played in a concert. Both language and music play a huge role in our culture.(无论我们生活在世界的哪个角落，语言都是我们日常生活的一部分。同样，音乐是许多人生活的一部分，无论是在上班路上的收音机里播放，还是在音乐会上播放。语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色。)”说明语言和音乐都是我们日常生活的一部分，都很重要，由空后小标题可知，下文讲两者的共同点，C选项“Here are some of their similarities.(以下是它们的一些相似之处。)”引出下文要讲它们的共同点，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 2．空前“In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters.(在英语中，我们用字母表来记录语言，字母表是字母的集合。)”说明在英语中我们用字母记录语言，结合标题“Both have a writing system.(它们都有文字系统。)”空格处应该说在音乐中用什么来记录，F选项“Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music.(同样，我们用音符来记录音乐。)”说明在音乐中我们用音符来记录，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 3．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation.(你可以通过听一个人使用的语言来猜测他来自哪里。同样，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格是不同的，这让我们有机会通过他们的音乐来探索许多不同的文化，并为我们提供适合各种情况的音乐。)”可知，本段主要讲的是在不同的文化中语言和音乐是不同的，A选项“Both vary with culture.(两者都因文化而异。)”说明了语言和音乐随文化不同，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 4．空后“Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy.(当然，你可以从我的脸上看出来，但你会通过我的话语知道。同样，音乐可以听起来愤怒、悲伤或快乐。)”说明语言和音乐都可以让人知道一个人的情绪，空格处应该提出应该如何知道人的某种情绪，D选项“How do you know that I am angry?(你怎么知道我生气了？)”提出如何知道一个人生气了，引出下文通过音乐和语言知道人生气了，因此引出下文，符合语境，故选D。 5．空前“When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.(当你感到快乐的时候，你可能想要随着一首快乐的歌曲唱歌跳舞来庆祝你的快乐。)”说明感到快乐的人你可能想跳舞，空格处应该说不快乐的时候可能会怎样，G选项“In contrast, you probably also listen to music when you are feeling down.(相反，当你情绪低落的时候，你可能也会听音乐。)”说明不高兴的时候可能也会听音乐，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 二、完形填空 （25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）As a teenager in the 1960s, I grew up in the suburbs south of Boston. I fell under the control of the very pleasantly 1 mysteries (奥秘) of the Chinese language. Someday, I told myself, that I would 2 the meanings of the mysteries. So, entering college, I decided to 3 the study of Chinese. But my small college in Maine offered no Chinese courses. Following graduation from college, I entered an evening course at a language centre for adults, and thus 4 my personal journey in the study of Chinese. That journey 5 The George Washington University and Georgetown University, and after a 15-year 6 , restarted in tutoring classes starting in 1999 and later in independent study at George Mason University without 7 . From 1983 and through the following decades, a dozen business trips to China 8 my study of Chinese, and I experienced the amazing change of China. In 2012, I retired. I began to attend weekly presentations about Chinese affairs sponsored (主办) by the Confucius Institute at Mason. By late 2014 this casual (偶然的) contact had led to the 9 of a Chinese reading club at the institute, which by mid-2016 had had six experienced Chinese learners who could read and discuss 10 literary works of such 11 Chinese authors as Lu Xun, Lao She and Zhu Ziqing. Under the teachers’ guidance, the 12 and joys of the group meetings to understand the secrets of the short stories I read, in Chinese, have brought me to a deeper understanding of China. I am personally 13 for the opportunity provided. I suggest that the Confucius Institute at Mason consider 14 the model of this reading group to others, as the world’s most spoken and read language is 15 popular among the Westerners who have started the wonderful voyage of it. 1．A．relaxing B．inviting C．developing D．confusing 2．A．explain B．deepen C．uncover D．evaluate 3．A．look into B．break off C．seek out D．take up 4．A．launched B．spread C．delayed D．shared 5．A．shook off B．wound through C．set up D．lived with 6．A．interaction B．exchange C．improvement D．break 7．A．difficulties B．encouragement C．guidance D．delivery 8．A．strengthened B．started C．interrupted D．ended 9．A．formation B．break-up C．factor D．wave 10．A．serious B．advanced C．rapid D．historical 11．A．revised B．doubted C．annoyed D．respected 12．A．weaknesses B．challenges C．results D．chances 13．A．demanding B．concerned C．grateful D．anxious 14．A．promising B．cancelling C．selling D．promoting 15．A．increasingly B．discouragingly C．frighteningly D．equally 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己从小与中文结缘，成年和退休后继续学习中文的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，我就被汉语的诱人的奥秘深深吸引住了。A. relaxing轻松的；B. inviting诱人的，有魅力的；C. developing发展中的；D. confusing令人费解的。根据上文“pleasantly”以及后文作者学习汉语可知，此处表示的是汉语令人愉悦地吸引人的神秘之处。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有一天，我告诉自己，我会揭开这些谜团的意义。A. explain解释；B. deepen加深；C. uncover揭开，揭秘；D. evaluate评价。根据后文“meanings of the mysteries”可知，此处指揭开汉语神秘的意义。故选C。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以，进入大学后，我决定开始学习中文。A. look into调查；B. break off突然中断，停止；C. seek out找出，搜出；D. take up开始从事。根据后文“my personal journey in the study of Chinese”可知，作者进入大学后，决定开始学习中文。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，我参加了成人语言中心的夜校，从此开启了我个人的汉语学习之旅。A. launched正式推出，启动开始；B. spread传播；C. delayed推迟；D. shared分享。根据上文“I entered an evening course at a language center for adults”可知，作者参加了一个成人语言中心的夜校，开始了自己的汉语学习之旅。故选A。 5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那段旅程途经了乔治·华盛顿大学和乔治敦大学，在中断了15年之后，于1999年重新开始，在那里参加辅导课程，后来又在乔治梅森大学进行独立学习，但没有导师指导。A. shook off抖落，摆脱；B. wound through曲曲折折地穿过；C. set up建立；D. lived with和……一起生活。后文提到了“George Washington and Georgetown universities”两个大学，可知，此处说明这段旅程在乔治·华盛顿大学和乔治敦大学之间迂回曲折。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那段旅程途经了乔治·华盛顿大学和乔治敦大学，在中断了15年之后，于1999年重新开始，在那里参加辅导课程，后来又在乔治梅森大学进行独立学习，但没有导师指导。A. interaction相互作用；B. exchange交换；C. improvement改善；D. break中断。根据下文“restarted”可知，此处表示经过15年的中断后重新开始。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那段旅程途经了乔治·华盛顿大学和乔治敦大学，在中断了15年之后，于1999年重新开始，在那里参加辅导课程，后来又在乔治梅森大学进行独立学习，但没有导师指导。A. difficulties困难；B. encouragement鼓励；C. guidance指导；D. delivery递送。根据上文的“tutoring classes (导师辅导班)”和后面“independent study”可知，此处表示作者之后又在乔治梅森大学独立学习，没有指导。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从1983年起，经过接下来的几十年，我多次前往中国进行商务访问，这极大地促进了我对中文的学习，也让我见证了中国发生的翻天覆地的变化。A. strengthened加强；B. started开始；C. interrupted打断；D. ended结束。根据“a dozen business trips to China”可知，十几次到中国出差无疑加强了作者汉语语言的学习研究。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2014年年底，这种随意的交流逐渐促成了该机构成立了一个中文阅读俱乐部，到2016年中期，这个俱乐部已有六名有经验的中文学习者，他们能够阅读并讨论诸如鲁迅、老舍和朱自清等著名中国作家的“高级文学作品”。A. formation构成；B. break-up解体；C. factor因素；D. wave海浪。根据后文“of a Chinese Reading Club”以及上文作者参加了一系列关于中文学习的活动可知，此处表示的是中文读书俱乐部的成立。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到2014年年底，这种随意的交流逐渐促成了该机构成立了一个中文阅读俱乐部，到2016年中期，这个俱乐部已有六名有经验的中文学习者，他们能够阅读并讨论诸如鲁迅、老舍和朱自清等著名中国作家的“高级文学作品”。A. serious严肃的；B. advanced高级的；C. rapid快速的；D. historical历史的。根据后文“Chinese authors as Lu Xun, Lao She and Zhu Ziqing”可知，此处指阅读并讨论诸如鲁迅、老舍和朱自清等著名中国作家的“高级文学作品”。故选B。 11．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：到2014年年底，这种随意的交流逐渐促成了该机构成立了一个中文阅读俱乐部，到2016年中期，这个俱乐部已有六名有经验的中文学习者，他们能够阅读并讨论诸如鲁迅、老舍和朱自清等著名中国作家的“高级文学作品”。A. revised修改过的；B. doubted怀疑；C. annoyed生气的；D. respected被尊重的。根据后文“Chinese authors as Mo Yan, Liu Zhenyun, and Su Tong”可知，莫言、刘震云和苏童是受人尊敬的中国作家。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在老师的指导下，通过参加小组讨论来理解我所阅读的中文短篇小说中的奥秘，这一过程不仅让我收获了乐趣，也让我对中国有了更深刻的理解。A. weaknesses劣势，弱势，软肋；B. challenges挑战；C. results结果；D. chances机会。根据下文“and joys of the group meetings to understand the secrets of the short stories I read”可知，学习语言既有挑战也有快乐，故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我个人非常感谢这次提供的机会。A. demanding要求高的；B. concerned担忧的；C. grateful感谢的；D. anxious焦急的。根据后文“for the opportunity provided”可知，此处指作者个人非常感谢所提供的机会。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我建议梅森大学的孔子学院可以将这个阅读小组的模式推广给其他机构，因为作为全球使用和阅读量最大的语言，汉语在西方人当中正越来越受欢迎，他们也正热衷于学习和探索这门语言。A. promising承诺；B. canceling取消；C. selling卖；D. promoting促进，推广。根据后文“the model of this reading group to others”可知，作者建议乔治梅森孔子学院考虑将这个阅读小组的模式提升并推广给其他人。故选D。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我建议梅森大学的孔子学院可以将这个阅读小组的模式推广给其他机构，因为作为全球使用和阅读量最大的语言，汉语在西方人当中正越来越受欢迎，他们也正热衷于学习和探索这门语言。A. increasingly越来越多地；渐增地；B. discouragingly令人气馁地，令人沮丧地；C. frighteningly令人恐惧地；D. equally平等地。结合后文“popular among the Westerners who have started the wonderful voyage to it”可知，世界上说得最多、读得最多的语言越来越受到已经开始了奇妙旅程的西方人的欢迎。故选A。 三、语法填空 （25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As English learners, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others. However, going from an unconfident speaker to 1 confident one is possible. Adopt a practice and repetition routine (惯例). When something becomes natural for you, you begin to feel confident of doing it. It’s the same principle as speaking English confidently. So write down 2 you may talk about and then practise 3 (say) it aloud and repeatedly before an English meeting. Purposely speak more 4 (slow). You may lose confidence when your 5 (speak) English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases, it’s because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy 6 (achieve). Don’t run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, 7 you will build your confidence in the uncomfortable zones. The secret is to be fully 8 (prepare), and then you will overcome the uncomfortable situations. All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesn’t happen overnight. It 9 (take) time and you need to make continuous efforts. As long as you make enough efforts, all your 10 (anxious) will disappear and you will also naturally become confident about speaking English in front of others. 【答案】 1．a 2．what 3．saying 4．slowly 5．spoken 6．to achieve 7．but/yet 8．prepared 9．takes 10．anxiety 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何从缺乏自信的英语演讲者转变为自信的演讲者。 1．考查冠词。句意：然而，从一个不自信的演讲者变成一个自信的演讲者是可能的。one指代speaker，此处表示泛指“一个自信的演讲者”，且confident是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：所以，写下你可能谈论的话题，然后在英语会议前反复大声练习。空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句谓语动词talk about“谈论”，缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。practise doing sth.“练习做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词saying作宾语。故填saying。 4．考查副词。句意：故意说得慢一点。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词speak，slow的副词为slowly“慢慢地”。故填slowly。 5．考查形容词。句意：当你的英语口语被听众误解时，你可能会失去信心。空处用形容词spoken作定语修饰English，spoken English“英语口语”，固定搭配。故填spoken。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，慢慢说是很容易实现的。be easy to do sth.“很容易做某事”，achieve用不定式形式。故填to achieve。 7．考查连词。句意：对任何人来说，在可能的情况下避免不舒服的情况是很自然的，但你会在不舒服的区域建立自信。前文说“对任何人来说，在可能的情况下避免不舒服的情况是很自然的”，后文说“你会在不舒 服的区域建立自信”，前后句意出现转折，所以空处需用连词but/yet连接前后句子。故填but/yet。 8．考查形容词。句意：秘诀是要做好充分的准备，然后你就能克服不舒服的情况。空处需用形容词作表语，prepare的形容词为prepared“准备好的”，be fully prepared表示“做好充分的准备”。故填prepared。 9．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这需要时间，你需要不断努力。设空处为第一个分句的谓语，根据后文谓语need可知，空处句子描述的是现在的情况，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数It，所以空处谓语动词需用单数takes。故填takes。 10．考查名词。句意：只要你付出足够的努力，你所有的焦虑都会消失，你也会很自然地在别人面前说英语时变得自信。形容词性物主代词your后需接名词，anxious的名词为anxiety“焦虑”，不可数名词。故填anxiety。 四、书信写作 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期末）假定你是李华。你的英语笔友Alex给你发来邮件，抱怨说背英语单词表既困难又枯燥。你认为这种学习方法并不合适。请你给Alex回复邮件，提出你的看法和建议。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Alex,   I’m sorry to hear that you find memorizing word lists difficult and boring. I agree that it might not be the best way to learn. Words come alive when used in context.   Here are some suggestions. First, try reading stories or articles you enjoy. You’ll naturally learn new words as you meet them repeatedly. Second, watching English movies or shows with subtitles is fun and helps you pick up words used in real situations. Finally, make sentences using new words yourself. This helps you remember them better and understand how they are used.   Give these methods a try! Learning vocabulary should be more engaging. Good luck!   Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，给笔友Alex写一封回信，针对其背单词表困难的问题，提出自己的看法和学习建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 困难的：difficult → hard 反复地：repeatedly→again and again 帮助：help → assist 有趣的：engaging →entertaining 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Second, watching English movies or shows with subtitles is fun and helps you pick up words used in real situations. 拓展句：Second, watching English movies or shows with subtitles is fun and helps you pick up words that are used in real situations. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you find memorizing word lists difficult and boring.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】First, try reading stories or articles you enjoy.(运用了省略关系代词that/which的定语从句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$