精品解析：福建仙游第一中学2024～2025学年高二上学期期末考英语试题

2024~2025学年福建仙游第一中学高二上学期期末考 英语 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What are the speakers talking about?​ A. A movie.​ B. A book.​ C. A TV show.​ 2.Where does the conversation probably take place?​ A. In a restaurant.​ B. In a supermarket. C. In a hotel.​ 3.How much will the woman pay for the tickets?​ A.$10. B.$20. C. $30.​ 4.What time is it now?​ A. 9:00.​ B. 9:15.​ C. 9:30.​ 5.What does the man suggest the woman do?​ A. Go to bed early.​ B. Drink some coffee.​ C. Take a walk outside.​ 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)​ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。​ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。​ 6. What does the man want to do?​ A. Rent an apartment.​ B. Buy a house.​ C Sell his flat.​ 7. How many bedrooms does the woman’s place have?​ A. One.​ B. Two.​ C. Three.​ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。​ 8. What is the man’s problem?​ A He lost his keys.​ B. He missed the bus.​ C. His car broke down.​ 9. What will the man do next?​ A. Call a taxi.​ B. Walk to work.​ C. Ask someone for help.​ 10. What is the relationship between the speakers?​ A. Husband and wife.​ B Boss and secretary.​ C. Friends.​ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。​ 11. Why does the woman want to cancel her appointment?​ A. She is ill.​ B. She has another meeting.​ C. She has to go on a business trip.​ 12. When will the woman be back?​ A. Next Monday.​ B. Next Tuesday.​ C. Next Wednesday.​ 13. What does the man suggest the woman do?​ A. Reschedule the appointment.​ B. Ask someone else to attend the meeting.​ C. Send him an email about the details.​ 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。​ 14. Where are the speakers?​ A. At a concert.​ B. At a party.​ C. At a wedding.​ 15. What does the man think of the music?​ A. It’s too loud.​ B. It’s very nice.​ C. It’s a bit boring.​ 16. What does the woman like about the party?​ A. The food.​ B. The people.​ C. The decorations.​ 17. What will the speakers do next?​ A. Dance.​ B. Eat something.​ C. Leave the party.​ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。​ 18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?​ A. A school trip.​ B. A summer camp.​ C. A volunteer program.​ 19. How long will the activity last?​ A. One week.​ B. Two weeks.​ C. Three weeks.​ 20. What do we know about the activity?​ A. Students need to pay for it.​ B. It is open to students of all ages.​ C. There are different activities to choose from.​ 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Recruitment for Campus Orientation Team Dear prospective freshmen, congratulations on your upcoming entry into the university campus you’ve been dreaming of! To make your orientation season smoother and warmer, we’re forming an “Orientation Volunteer Team” and now openly recruiting members from all 2024 freshmen. Here, you’ll get a head start on familiarizing yourself with the campus, making friends, and earning your first growth badge as a college student!​ Job Types and Responsibilities​ Campus Guide Group: Familiarize yourself with campus landmarks in advance, such as teaching buildings, dormitories, canteens, and libraries. Registration Assistance Group: Assist teachers in completing new student registration, document verification, campus card distribution, etc. Guide new students to fill in forms patiently to ensure an efficient and orderly registration process.​ What We Expect from You​ A 2024 freshman who can be on duty on time after the semester starts (specific time will be notified after the admission letter is sent);​ Responsible, patient, willing to communicate with others, and able to take the initiative to care about others’ needs;​ Have basic time management skills and can ensure participation in pre-job training and work during the orientation period;​ What You Will Gain​ Priority Experience: Check into the dormitory 3 days in advance and be among the first “pioneers” to explore the campus;​ Exclusive Benefits: Customized orientation volunteer certificate, campus peripheral gift package (including school badge, commemorative bookmark, etc.);​ Skill Improvement: Acquire practical abilities such as communication and coordination, emergency handling, laying a foundation for college life;​ 1. Who is the recruitment target of the Orientation Volunteer Team? A. Teachers of the university B. Graduates of the university C. 2024 freshmen of the university D. Students from other universities 2. What is NOT a responsibility of the Campus Guide Group? A. Familiarizing themselves with campus landmarks in advance B. Being familiar with canteens and libraries C. Knowing about teaching buildings and dormitories D. Assisting teachers in new student registration 3. Which of the following is a requirement for volunteers? A. Having work experience in other universities B. Being able to participate in pre-job training and work during orientation C. Having a high academic score in high school D. Being able to play a musical instrument B It was Ethan’s first camping trip, and every sound — the hoot of an owl, the rustle of squirrels — felt like a secret the woods was sharing. By dusk, they’d set up their tent, and Ethan proudly stacked firewood for their campfire, his dad teaching him to “keep it small, keep it safe.” Ethan woke to crackling. Not the soft pop of their fire, but a roar. Flames had caught the dry underbrush, climbing toward the trees. His dad was already yelling, grabbing their water jugs, but the fire spread faster than they could pour. “Stay back!” his dad shouted, racing to find help. Ethan froze, then remembered his science class: fire needs oxygen. He spotted their picnic blanket, thick and woolen. Without thinking, he grabbed it, soaked it in the nearby stream, and charged. The heat singed his cheeks as he threw the blanket over the smallest flames, smothering them. He repeated it, again and again, his arms burning, until only smoke curled from the blackened earth when his dad returned with rangers. “You saved this forest,” a ranger said, clapping his shoulder. But Ethan couldn’t stop thinking: What if I hadn’t had that blanket? Months later, his bedroom became a workshop. He studied forest fires online, learned they spread in unpredictable bursts, and brainstormed. Using a old backpack, a pressure valve from a bike pump, and a tank filled with fire-retardant foam, he built a prototype. It was light enough for a kid to carry, sprayed foam that clung to trees, and had a hose long enough to reach high branches.He called it the “Woodland Guardian.” At the school science fair, judges stared as he demonstrated. A forest ranger from that night even showed up, grinning. “This could change things,” she said. Ethan smiled, remembering the fire. Bravery, he realized, wasn’t just fighting flames — it was turning fear into something that protects. And sometimes, the smallest hands hold the biggest ideas. 4. What did Ethan’s dad teach him about campfire?​ A. To make it as big as possible.​ B. To let it burn all night. C. To keep it small and safe.​ D. To put it out immediately after use.​ 5. Why did Ethan use the picnic blanket to fight the fire?​ A. Because his dad told him to do so.​ B. Because he thought it could smother the fire by cutting off oxygen.​ C. Because there was no other equipment available.​ D. Because the blanket was fire-resistant.​ 6. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the text?​ A. restore​ B. sodden C. participate​ D. spray​ 7. What can we learn from Ethan’s story?​ A. Bravery is just about fighting against dangers directly.​ B. Small children can’t come up with great ideas.​ C We should turn fear into something positive.​ D. Forest fires are easy to put out. C Beneath Hawaii’s turquoise waves, a silent crisis unfolds: coral reefs, home to 25% of marine species, are bleaching at alarming rates. But across the islands, a wave of innovation is pushing back — blending ancient wisdom with cutting-edge science to protect paradise.​ On Oahu’s north shore, marine biologists and local fishermen have joined forces on the Reef Tender project. Using 3D-printed coral “seeds” made from limestone and recycled oyster shells, they’re restoring damaged reefs. These seeds, shaped like tiny antlers, mimic natural coral structures, allowing baby coral polyps to attach and grow 50% faster than in the wild. What makes it unique? Fishermen, who’ve guarded these waters for generations, now monitor the reefs daily, using a simple app to log growth — turning stewards into scientists.​ In Maui’s rainforests, invasive species like the miconia plant once spread unchecked. Enter Aloha AirWatch, a drone program with a twist: drones equipped with thermal cameras scan the canopy, identifying invasive plants by their heat signatures. Instead of spraying chemicals, teams deploy biocontrol agents — tiny Hawaiian wasps that feed exclusively on miconia leaves. It’s a targeted approach, preserving native flora while honoring the Hawaiian principle of kākoʻo .​ Perhaps most inspiring is the Hui o Ka Wai initiative which revives traditional Hawaiian water management. Ancient ʻauwai are being restored with modern sensors that track water flow, ensuring streams stay healthy for both taro farms and endangered freshwater fish. Farmers now share real-time data via a community dashboard, balancing crop needs with in a way that feels both old and new.​ Hawaii’s lesson is clear: protecting nature thrives when innovation listens — to the land, the sea, and the people who call them home. Here, paradise isn’t just preserved; it’s reimagined. 8. What is the silent crisis mentioned in the text? A. Overfishing in Hawaii’s waters B. Coral reefs bleaching at alarming rates C. Invasive species destroying rainforests D. Pollution of freshwater streams 9. How does Aloha AirWatch deal with invasive miconia plants? A. By spraying chemicals to kill them B. By using drones to cut them down C. By introducing Hawaiian wasps that feed on them D. By using thermal cameras to burn them 10. What does the Hui o Ka Wai initiative aim to do? A. Revive traditional water management with modern technology B. Build new dams to control water flow in streams C. Expand taro farms to increase crop production D. Protect coral reefs from freshwater pollution 11. What is the author’s attitude towards Hawaii’s efforts to protect nature? A. Critical B. Doubtful C. Praising D. Indifferent D Dr. Maya Ellis adjusted her lab coat, eyes scanning the 40 volunteers seated before her. “Today, you’ll meet a new student named Liam,” she announced, projecting a slide. “Pay close attention — your impressions matter.” What the group didn’t know was that they were about to test one of psychology’s most enduring theories: the primacy effect, the tendency to judge others based on first impressions.​The experiment unfolded in three stages. First, all participants watched a 2-minute video of “Liam” completing a puzzle. Half the group saw him start confidently — solving the first three pieces quickly, smiling, and joking with an off-camera assistant — before fumbling the final steps. The other half watched the reverse: Liam struggled initially, muttering in frustration, then rallied to finish smoothly.​ Next, Dr. Ellis handed out identical lists of 10 traits describing Liam: “intelligent, clumsy, friendly, impatient, honest, disorganized, helpful, stubborn, creative, careless.” Crucially, the order was flipped for each group. Those who’d seen Liam’s strong start read positive traits first; the others encountered negatives upfront.​ Finally, participants rated Liam on a scale of 1–10 for “overall likability.” The results were striking. The first group, exposed to Liam’s early success and positive traits first, gave him an average score of 7.8. The second group, despite seeing his late improvement, averaged just 4.2. “Even when presented with the same information,” Dr. Ellis noted, “your first glimpse skewed your judgment.”​ But she added a twist. A subset of volunteers was asked to write down all traits before rating Liam. Their scores were far closer — 6.1 and 5.9 — suggesting that deliberate reflection could weaken the primacy effect. “Our brains crave shortcuts,” Dr. Ellis explained afterward. “First impressions act like mental anchors, weighing down later details.”​ 12. What theory was Dr. Maya Ellis testing in her experiment? A. The theory of cognitive dissonance B. The primacy effect C. The halo effect D. The bystander effect 13. How was the video of “Liam” different for the two groups? A. One group watched a longer video than the other B. One group saw Liam perform well first, then struggle; the other saw the reverse C. One group watched Liam solving a puzzle, the other watched him doing sports D. One group saw Liam working alone, the other saw him working in a team 14. What was the key difference in the lists of traits given to the two groups? A. The number of traits B. The content of the traits C. The order of the traits D. The language used to describe the traits 15. What does Dr. Ellis mean by saying “First impressions act like mental anchors”? A. First impressions are easily forgotten B. First impressions have little impact on final judgments C. First impressions strongly influence how later information is interpreted D. First impressions are always accurate 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 First of all, we need to understand that handling interpersonal relationships is not as simple as treating others to meals or giving gifts. In today’s era, everyone seems to carry an invisible list of treating and gifting, from dinner parties to wedding banquets, from Mid-Autumn mooncakes to Spring Festival red envelopes, which all seem to be tightly wrapped in the “human relationship culture”. _____16_____ The Mehrabian Principle Psychologist Albert Mehrabian put forward a very interesting formula, which reveals the importance of the three major elements in communication: the content of words accounts for only 7%, the tone of voice accounts for 38%, and a high 55% of the information actually comes from non-verbal body language. _____17_____ Whether your eyes are wandering or firm when you speak, whether your gestures are fluttering or quiet, these subtle details that are easily ignored are the truth of interpersonal communication. Non-verbal Communication From the perspective of language psychology, a person’s speaking intonation, pitch, and speed will affect others’ understanding of his intentions. At the beginning of Martin Luther King’s speech, his tone was calm and low, with analysis and contemplation, telling the facts of racial inequality and gradually introducing hope. _____18_____ Finally, it reached the peak in “Freedom forever”. The reason why this speech moved the audience was not only relying on the words, but also on the passion and hope conveyed by the tone. Emotional Capital The “emotional capital” in sociology can help us understand the role of the Mehrabian Principle in interpersonal relationships. _____19_____ Treating others to meals can accumulate short-term goodwill, but only long-term emotional investment can make interpersonal relationships as stable as bank deposits and play a role at critical moments. Facial Expression Management As the saying goes, “You don’t hit a person who smiles at you”. A sincere smile can instantly shorten the distance between people. _____20_____ A face that often wears a smile will make people feel that you are friendly and approachable, and they are willing to have in-depth communication with you. A. However, in fact, the key to interpersonal communication does not lie in material things, but in the emotional transmission during communication. B. When he said “I have a dream”, his tone rose, full of passion and expectation, and his voice became more powerful and rhythmic. C. This means that non-verbal signals are far more influential than the words themselves in communication. D. Emotional capital is a relational asset accumulated through emotional interaction, which creates trust in long-term relationships. E. Whether it’s a workplace meeting or a social gathering, a smile is always the best icebreaker. F. Many people believe that material gifts are the most direct way to maintain relationships. G. It is difficult to build trust with others if you always show a cold or unfriendly expression. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The relationship between humans and animals has evolved far beyond mere companionship, encompassing ecological, therapeutic, and even existential dimensions. While dogs are often ____21____ for their unwavering loyalty, recent studies reveal that their cognitive abilities rival those of primates in certain aspects, such as ____22____ problem-solving and emotional intelligence. When wildlife biologist Dr. James encountered a severely ____23____ wolf during an expedition, he faced an ethical dilemma. Intervention could disrupt natural selection, yet ____24____the animal contradicted his moral principles. After administering emergency care, he was astonished when the wolf, instead of fleeing, exhibited ____25____ behavior—observing him from a distance for weeks, as if studying human nature. This phenomenon, termed “reciprocal curiosity,” challenges the traditional ____26____ of predator-prey dynamics. Beyond individual bonds, animal-assisted therapy has gained ____27____ in clinical settings. Patients with PTSD who interact with trained dogs demonstrate ____28____ cortisol levels and enhanced neural plasticity. However, critics argue that such practices may ____29____ anthropomorphism, projecting human emotions onto creatures with fundamentally different ____30____ systems. The ethical debate intensifies regarding working animals. Guide dogs undergo rigorous training to ____31____ handlers’ mobility, but some activists contend this constitutes exploitation. Conversely, K9 units in disaster zones display astonishing ____32____, locating survivors in conditions where technology fails. Their ____33____ to duty often surpasses human endurance limits. Perhaps the most profound lesson lies in interspecies communication. Marine biologists discovered that dolphins ____34____ unique whistles when collaborating with fishermen—a cultural transmission previously deemed exclusive to humans. This finding compels us to ____35____ our anthropocentric worldview and reconsider what truly defines consciousness. 21. A. commended B. compensated C. commissioned D. confronted 22. A. abstract B. instinctive C. innovative D. spatial 23. A. malnourished B. disoriented C. incapacitated D. domesticated 24. A. neglecting B. euthanizing C. rehabilitating D. domesticating 25. A. ambivalent B. aberrant C. contemplative D. submissive 26. A. paradigms B. hypotheses C. doctrines D. phenomena 27. A. momentum B. scrutiny C. backlash D. oblivion 28. A. stabilized B. elevated C. plateaued D. fluctuating 29. A. mitigate B. perpetuate C. simulate D. illuminate 30. A. metabolic B. neural C. sensory D. cognitive 31. A. stabilize B. navigate C. regulate D. simulate 32. A. resilience B. obedience C. vigilance D. endurance 33. A. devotion B. adaptation C. submission D. evolution 34. A. modulate B. emit C. mimic D. suppress 35. A. advocate B. relinquish C. transcend D. scrutinize 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yang Shi’e was ____36____ outstanding figure in China’s underwater acoustics field, dedicating his entire life to China’s underwater acoustics cause. Born ____37____ 1931, he endured wars during his childhood, ____38____ strengthened his determination ____39____ (save) the country through science. In 1950, he left Tsinghua University before graduation to join the army, and later participated in the preparation for the establishment of the Harbin Institute of Military Engineering. Due to the country’s needs, he switched to ____40____ (research) underwater acoustics. After returning to China in 1960, he founded China’s first comprehensive underwater acoustics engineering major that integrates science and engineering with comprehensive coverage. He compiled many important ____41____ (work) such as Underwater Noise Science, pioneering a new pattern in China’s underwater acoustics education. Yang Shi’e rooted ____42____ (he) in underwater acoustics education for nearly 70 years, cultivating more than 110 master’s and doctoral students, and teaching thousands of students. Even in his 90s, he still insisted ____43____ giving lectures to students. With the spirit of “standing firm until the end” and a rigorous academic attitude, he was ____44____ (deep) loved by students. He passed away in 2024. In September of the same year, the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee posthumously awarded him the title of “Model of the Times” in recognition of his outstanding contributions to China’s underwater acoustics science and technology as well as ____45____ (educate). 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(15分) 46. 假定你是李华，是阳光中学学生会主席。学校将于2024年12月15日举办“书香心语，情绘心声”读书节心理漫画创作大赛，邀请全体学生参与。请你用英语写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.参赛要求； 3.提交方式。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua Student Union 第二节续写写作(25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was a misty October morning. The abandoned garden behind the old downtown library looked like a hidden realm forgotten by time. As I pushed aside a clump of knee-high green foxtail grass, a faded wooden sign emerged from among the vines. Beneath the sign, half-buried in fallen leaves, a glass jar glowed faintly, stuffed with square-folded letters — red, blue, and yellowed ones — like a bunch of dried colorful flowers. I squatted down and gently pulled out the top one. On the off-white letter paper, there were scribbly words written in pencil: “March 17th. Huihui ran away from the balcony. It has a black spot on its right ear. If you see it, tell it that its mom misses it very much.” I pulled out another one, a printed note: “Last Wednesday in the third-floor reading room, to the boy in the blue shirt — I didn’t dare to say happy birthday to you. Actually, I’ve noticed you for a long time.” When I turned around, I saw a girl in a light blue school uniform walking out of the mist. “My name is Lin Yue. This is my secret base,” she said, pointing at the glass jar. “The first time I came here last autumn, there were only three broken flowerpots,” she added. “The doctor said I was always anxious, so I might as well write down my thoughts. Later, I realized that many people have things they can’t say out loud.” No sooner had she finished speaking than a strong wind suddenly rushed in through the archway, like an invisible hand tipping over the glass jar — and the letters scrambled to jump out. Some twirled past the wild chrysanthemum bushes, some stuck to the damp stone walls, and the thinnest ones even drifted toward the library’s red brick wall. Lin Yue let out a cry and lunged forward, her canvas shoes slipping on the wet flagstones. I quickly grabbed her arm. The two of us rushed around in a fluster, chasing the fleeing letters. Her hairpin fell into the bramble thicket, and my cuffs got stained with grass juice. When I caught the pink letter with “I’m sorry” written on it, I noticed a lopsided smiling face drawn on the back. At that moment, I suddenly realized that this was a secret garden collecting people’s innermost thoughts. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右; 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好; 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We scrambled to collect the flying papers. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That evening, Lin Yue and I sat in the garden, sorting the recovered notes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024~2025学年福建仙游第一中学高二上学期期末考 英语 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What are the speakers talking about?​ A. A movie.​ B. A book.​ C. A TV show.​ 2.Where does the conversation probably take place?​ A. In a restaurant.​ B. In a supermarket. C. In a hotel.​ 3.How much will the woman pay for the tickets?​ A.$10. B.$20. C. $30.​ 4.What time is it now?​ A. 9:00.​ B. 9:15.​ C. 9:30.​ 5.What does the man suggest the woman do?​ A. Go to bed early.​ B. Drink some coffee.​ C. Take a walk outside.​ 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)​ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。​ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。​ 6. What does the man want to do?​ A. Rent an apartment.​ B. Buy a house.​ C. Sell his flat.​ 7. How many bedrooms does the woman’s place have?​ A. One.​ B. Two.​ C. Three.​ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。​ 8. What is the man’s problem?​ A. He lost his keys.​ B. He missed the bus.​ C. His car broke down.​ 9. What will the man do next?​ A. Call a taxi.​ B. Walk to work.​ C. Ask someone for help.​ 10. What is the relationship between the speakers?​ A. Husband and wife.​ B. Boss and secretary.​ C. Friends.​ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。​ 11 Why does the woman want to cancel her appointment?​ A. She is ill.​ B. She has another meeting.​ C. She has to go on a business trip.​ 12. When will the woman be back?​ A Next Monday.​ B. Next Tuesday.​ C. Next Wednesday.​ 13. What does the man suggest the woman do?​ A. Reschedule the appointment.​ B. Ask someone else to attend the meeting.​ C. Send him an email about the details.​ 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。​ 14. Where are the speakers?​ A. At a concert.​ B. At a party.​ C. At a wedding.​ 15. What does the man think of the music?​ A. It’s too loud.​ B. It’s very nice.​ C. It’s a bit boring.​ 16. What does the woman like about the party?​ A. The food.​ B. The people.​ C. The decorations.​ 17. What will the speakers do next?​ A. Dance.​ B. Eat something.​ C. Leave the party.​ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。​ 18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?​ A. A school trip.​ B. A summer camp.​ C. A volunteer program.​ 19. How long will the activity last?​ A. One week.​ B. Two weeks.​ C. Three weeks.​ 20. What do we know about the activity?​ A. Students need to pay for it.​ B. It is open to students of all ages.​ C. There are different activities to choose from.​ 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Recruitment for Campus Orientation Team Dear prospective freshmen, congratulations on your upcoming entry into the university campus you’ve been dreaming of! To make your orientation season smoother and warmer, we’re forming an “Orientation Volunteer Team” and now openly recruiting members from all 2024 freshmen. Here, you’ll get a head start on familiarizing yourself with the campus, making friends, and earning your first growth badge as a college student!​ Job Types and Responsibilities​ Campus Guide Group: Familiarize yourself with campus landmarks in advance, such as teaching buildings, dormitories, canteens, and libraries. Registration Assistance Group: Assist teachers in completing new student registration, document verification, campus card distribution, etc. Guide new students to fill in forms patiently to ensure an efficient and orderly registration process.​ What We Expect from You​ A 2024 freshman who can be on duty on time after the semester starts (specific time will be notified after the admission letter is sent);​ Responsible, patient, willing to communicate with others, and able to take the initiative to care about others’ needs;​ Have basic time management skills and can ensure participation in pre-job training and work during the orientation period;​ What You Will Gain​ Priority Experience: Check into the dormitory 3 days in advance and be among the first “pioneers” to explore the campus;​ Exclusive Benefits: Customized orientation volunteer certificate, campus peripheral gift package (including school badge, commemorative bookmark, etc.);​ Skill Improvement: Acquire practical abilities such as communication and coordination, emergency handling, laying a foundation for college life;​ 1. Who is the recruitment target of the Orientation Volunteer Team? A. Teachers of the university B. Graduates of the university C. 2024 freshmen of the university D. Students from other universities 2. What is NOT a responsibility of the Campus Guide Group? A. Familiarizing themselves with campus landmarks in advance B. Being familiar with canteens and libraries C. Knowing about teaching buildings and dormitories D. Assisting teachers in new student registration 3. Which of the following is a requirement for volunteers? A. Having work experience in other universities B. Being able to participate in pre-job training and work during orientation C. Having a high academic score in high school D. Being able to play a musical instrument 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。大学为2024级新生招募迎新志愿者，设校园向导、注册协助组，明确职责、要求与收获，助新生顺利入学。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“To make your orientation season smoother and warmer, we’re forming an “Orientation Volunteer Team” and now openly recruiting members from all 2024 freshmen. (为了让你的迎新季更加顺利和温暖，我们正在组建一个“迎新志愿者团队”，现在公开招募2024级新生。)”可知，迎新志愿者队的招募对象是该校2024级新生。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Campus Guide Group部分“Familiarize yourself with campus landmarks in advance, such as teaching buildings, dormitories, canteens, and libraries. (提前熟悉校园地标，如教学楼、宿舍、食堂和图书馆。)”以及结合选项可知，A、B、C 项均为校园向导组的职责；而“Assisting teachers in new student registration (协助老师完成新生注册)”是Registration Assistance Group (注册协助组)的职责。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据What We Expect from You部分“Have basic time management skills and can ensure participation in pre-job training and work during the orientation period; (具备基本的时间管理能力，确保能参加岗前培训和迎新期间的工作；)”可知，志愿者需要能参与岗前培训和迎新期间的工作。故选B项。 B It was Ethan’s first camping trip, and every sound — the hoot of an owl, the rustle of squirrels — felt like a secret the woods was sharing. By dusk, they’d set up their tent, and Ethan proudly stacked firewood for their campfire, his dad teaching him to “keep it small, keep it safe.” Ethan woke to crackling. Not the soft pop of their fire, but a roar. Flames had caught the dry underbrush, climbing toward the trees. His dad was already yelling, grabbing their water jugs, but the fire spread faster than they could pour. “Stay back!” his dad shouted, racing to find help. Ethan froze, then remembered his science class: fire needs oxygen. He spotted their picnic blanket, thick and woolen. Without thinking, he grabbed it, soaked it in the nearby stream, and charged. The heat singed his cheeks as he threw the blanket over the smallest flames, smothering them. He repeated it, again and again, his arms burning, until only smoke curled from the blackened earth when his dad returned with rangers. “You saved this forest,” a ranger said, clapping his shoulder. But Ethan couldn’t stop thinking: What if I hadn’t had that blanket? Months later, his bedroom became a workshop. He studied forest fires online, learned they spread in unpredictable bursts, and brainstormed. Using a old backpack, a pressure valve from a bike pump, and a tank filled with fire-retardant foam, he built a prototype. It was light enough for a kid to carry, sprayed foam that clung to trees, and had a hose long enough to reach high branches.He called it the “Woodland Guardian.” At the school science fair, judges stared as he demonstrated. A forest ranger from that night even showed up, grinning. “This could change things,” she said. Ethan smiled, remembering the fire. Bravery, he realized, wasn’t just fighting flames — it was turning fear into something that protects. And sometimes, the smallest hands hold the biggest ideas. 4. What did Ethan’s dad teach him about campfire?​ A. To make it as big as possible.​ B. To let it burn all night. C. To keep it small and safe.​ D. To put it out immediately after use.​ 5. Why did Ethan use the picnic blanket to fight the fire?​ A Because his dad told him to do so.​ B. Because he thought it could smother the fire by cutting off oxygen.​ C. Because there was no other equipment available.​ D. Because the blanket was fire-resistant.​ 6. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the text?​ A. restore​ B. sodden C. participate​ D. spray​ 7. What can we learn from Ethan’s story?​ A. Bravery is just about fighting against dangers directly.​ B. Small children can’t come up with great ideas.​ C. We should turn fear into something positive.​ D. Forest fires are easy to put out. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了伊桑第一次露营时遭遇森林火灾，他运用科学知识成功控制了火势，之后还发明了“森林守护者”原型机，体现了将恐惧转化为保护力量的勇气。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“By dusk, they’d set up their tent, and Ethan proudly stacked firewood for their campfire, his dad teaching him to “keep it small, keep it safe.” (黄昏时分，他们搭好了帐篷，伊桑自豪地把篝火用的木柴堆起来，他爸爸教他“火要小，要安全”。)”可知，伊桑的爸爸教他让篝火要保持小而安全。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ethan froze, then remembered his science class: fire needs oxygen. (伊桑愣住了，然后想起了他的科学课知识：火需要氧气。)”以及第三段中“The heat singed his cheeks as he threw the blanket over the smallest flames, smothering them. (当他把毯子扔到最小的火苗上时，热气烤得他脸颊生疼，火苗被扑灭了。)”可知，伊桑用野餐毯灭火是因为他想到了科学课上学的知识，认为毯子可以隔绝氧气来扑灭火焰。故选B项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“He spotted their picnic blanket, thick and woolen. Without thinking, he grabbed it, soaked it in the nearby stream, and charged. (他看到了他们厚厚的羊毛野餐毯。他不假思索地抓起毯子，在附近的小溪里soaked，然后冲了过去。)”可知，伊桑为了灭火，应是将野餐毯浸入附近的小溪中，因此soaked意为“浸湿”，与sodden意思相近。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Bravery, he realized, wasn’t just fighting flames — it was turning fear into something that protects. (他意识到，勇敢不仅仅是与火焰搏斗，而是将恐惧转化为保护的力量。)”可知，伊桑的故事告诉我们应该将恐惧转化为积极的力量。故选C项。 C Beneath Hawaii’s turquoise waves, a silent crisis unfolds: coral reefs, home to 25% of marine species, are bleaching at alarming rates. But across the islands, a wave of innovation is pushing back — blending ancient wisdom with cutting-edge science to protect paradise.​ On Oahu’s north shore, marine biologists and local fishermen have joined forces on the Reef Tender project. Using 3D-printed coral “seeds” made from limestone and recycled oyster shells, they’re restoring damaged reefs. These seeds, shaped like tiny antlers, mimic natural coral structures, allowing baby coral polyps to attach and grow 50% faster than in the wild. What makes it unique? Fishermen, who’ve guarded these waters for generations, now monitor the reefs daily, using a simple app to log growth — turning stewards into scientists.​ In Maui’s rainforests, invasive species like the miconia plant once spread unchecked. Enter Aloha AirWatch, a drone program with a twist: drones equipped with thermal cameras scan the canopy, identifying invasive plants by their heat signatures. Instead of spraying chemicals, teams deploy biocontrol agents — tiny Hawaiian wasps that feed exclusively on miconia leaves. It’s a targeted approach, preserving native flora while honoring the Hawaiian principle of kākoʻo .​ Perhaps most inspiring is the Hui o Ka Wai initiative, which revives traditional Hawaiian water management. Ancient ʻauwai are being restored with modern sensors that track water flow, ensuring streams stay healthy for both taro farms and endangered freshwater fish. Farmers now share real-time data via a community dashboard, balancing crop needs with in a way that feels both old and new.​ Hawaii’s lesson is clear: protecting nature thrives when innovation listens — to the land, the sea, and the people who call them home. Here, paradise isn’t just preserved; it’s reimagined. 8. What is the silent crisis mentioned in the text? A. Overfishing in Hawaii’s waters B. Coral reefs bleaching at alarming rates C. Invasive species destroying rainforests D. Pollution of freshwater streams 9. How does Aloha AirWatch deal with invasive miconia plants? A. By spraying chemicals to kill them B. By using drones to cut them down C. By introducing Hawaiian wasps that feed on them D. By using thermal cameras to burn them 10. What does the Hui o Ka Wai initiative aim to do? A. Revive traditional water management with modern technology B. Build new dams to control water flow in streams C. Expand taro farms to increase crop production D. Protect coral reefs from freshwater pollution 11. What is the author’s attitude towards Hawaii’s efforts to protect nature? A. Critical B. Doubtful C. Praising D. Indifferent 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述夏威夷珊瑚礁白化危机显现，当地通过3D打印珊瑚、无人机控制入侵物种、传统与现代结合管水等创新方式保护自然，效果显著。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Beneath Hawaii’s turquoise waves, a silent crisis unfolds: coral reefs, home to 25% of marine species, are bleaching at alarming rates.(在夏威夷碧绿的海浪之下，一场无声的危机正在上演：作为25%海洋物种栖息地的珊瑚礁，正以惊人的速度白化。)”可知，文中提到的无声危机是珊瑚礁以惊人速度白化。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Enter Aloha AirWatch, a drone program with a twist: drones equipped with thermal cameras scan the canopy, identifying invasive plants by their heat signatures. Instead of spraying chemicals, teams deploy biocontrol agents — tiny Hawaiian wasps that feed exclusively on miconia leaves.(Enter Aloha AirWatch，这是一个别出心裁的无人机计划：配备热成像相机的无人机对树冠进行扫描，通过热信号识别入侵植物。工作人员不会喷洒化学药剂，而是投放生物防治媒介 —— 一种只以绢木属叶片为食的小型夏威夷黄蜂。)”可知，Enter Aloha AirWatch通过引入以绢木属叶子为食的夏威夷蜂来应对这种入侵植物。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps most inspiring is the Hui o Ka Wai initiative, which revives traditional Hawaiian water management. Ancient ʻauwai are being restored with modern sensors that track water flow, ensuring streams stay healthy for both taro farms and endangered freshwater fish.(或许最令人振奋的是Hui o Ka Wai计划，该计划复兴了夏威夷传统的水资源管理方式。古老的灌溉渠正通过现代传感器得到修复，这些传感器可以追踪水流，确保芋头农场和濒危淡水鱼的溪流健康。)”可知，该计划旨在用现代技术复兴传统水资源管理。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hawaii’s lesson is clear: protecting nature thrives when innovation listens — to the land, the sea, and the people who call them home. Here, paradise isn’t just preserved; it’s reimagined.(夏威夷的经验很明确：当创新倾听土地、海洋以及居住在那里的人们的声音时，自然保护就能蓬勃发展。在这里，天堂不仅得到了保护，更被重新塑造。)”可知，作者对夏威夷的自然保护努力持赞赏态度。故选C项。 D Dr. Maya Ellis adjusted her lab coat, eyes scanning the 40 volunteers seated before her. “Today, you’ll meet a new student named Liam,” she announced, projecting a slide. “Pay close attention — your impressions matter.” What the group didn’t know was that they were about to test one of psychology’s most enduring theories: the primacy effect, the tendency to judge others based on first impressions.​The experiment unfolded in three stages. First, all participants watched a 2-minute video of “Liam” completing a puzzle. Half the group saw him start confidently — solving the first three pieces quickly, smiling, and joking with an off-camera assistant — before fumbling the final steps. The other half watched the reverse: Liam struggled initially, muttering in frustration, then rallied to finish smoothly.​ Next, Dr. Ellis handed out identical lists of 10 traits describing Liam: “intelligent, clumsy, friendly, impatient, honest, disorganized, helpful, stubborn, creative, careless.” Crucially, the order was flipped for each group. Those who’d seen Liam’s strong start read positive traits first; the others encountered negatives upfront.​ Finally, participants rated Liam on a scale of 1–10 for “overall likability.” The results were striking. The first group, exposed to Liam’s early success and positive traits first, gave him an average score of 7.8. The second group, despite seeing his late improvement, averaged just 4.2. “Even when presented with the same information,” Dr. Ellis noted, “your first glimpse skewed your judgment.”​ But she added a twist. A subset of volunteers was asked to write down all traits before rating Liam. Their scores were far closer — 6.1 and 5.9 — suggesting that deliberate reflection could weaken the primacy effect. “Our brains crave shortcuts,” Dr. Ellis explained afterward. “First impressions act like mental anchors, weighing down later details.”​ 12. What theory was Dr. Maya Ellis testing in her experiment? A. The theory of cognitive dissonance B. The primacy effect C. The halo effect D. The bystander effect 13. How was the video of “Liam” different for the two groups? A. One group watched a longer video than the other B. One group saw Liam perform well first, then struggle; the other saw the reverse C. One group watched Liam solving a puzzle, the other watched him doing sports D. One group saw Liam working alone, the other saw him working in a team 14. What was the key difference in the lists of traits given to the two groups? A. The number of traits B. The content of the traits C. The order of the traits D. The language used to describe the traits 15. What does Dr. Ellis mean by saying “First impressions act like mental anchors”? A. First impressions are easily forgotten B. First impressions have little impact on final judgments C. First impressions strongly influence how later information is interpreted D. First impressions are always accurate 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Maya Ellis博士通过实验验证首因效应（primacy effect）的过程，即人们基于第一印象判断他人的倾向，以及刻意反思对该效应的削弱作用。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“What the group didn’t know was that they were about to test one of psychology’s most enduring theories: the primacy effect, the tendency to judge others based on first impressions.​ (该团队不知道的是，他们即将验证心理学领域最经久不衰的理论之一：首因效应，即基于第一印象评判他人的倾向。)”可知，Maya Ellis博士的实验旨在测试首因效应。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Half the group saw him start confidently — solving the first three pieces quickly, smiling, and joking with an off-camera assistant — before fumbling the final steps. The other half watched the reverse: Liam struggled initially, muttering in frustration, then rallied to finish smoothly.​ (一半的人看到他一开始信心满满 —— 迅速解开了前三块拼图，面带微笑，还与镜头外的助手开着玩笑 —— 但最后几步却搞砸了。另一半人看到的情况则相反：Liam一开始很吃力，沮丧地嘟囔着，然后振作起来，顺利完成了。)”可知，两组志愿者观看的“Liam”视频的不同之处在于：一组先看到Liam表现出色，之后遇到困难；另一组则相反，先看到他挣扎，后看到他顺利完成。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Crucially, the order was flipped for each group. Those who’d seen Liam’s strong start read positive traits first; the others encountered negatives upfront. (至关重要的是，每个组的顺序都被颠倒了。那些看到Liam开局强劲的人首先读到积极的特质；而其他人则先看到消极的特质。)”可知，给两组志愿者的特质列表的关键区别在于特质的顺序不同。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“First impressions act like mental anchors, weighing down later details. (第一印象就像心理锚点，影响着后续的细节。)”以及前文提到刻意反思可以削弱首因效应，让两组对“Liam”的评分更接近，可知Ellis博士说“第一印象就像心理锚”的意思是第一印象会强烈影响人们对后续信息的解读，就像锚一样固定住人们的判断，而不是容易被遗忘、对最终判断影响小或者总是准确的。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 First of all, we need to understand that handling interpersonal relationships is not as simple as treating others to meals or giving gifts. In today’s era, everyone seems to carry an invisible list of treating and gifting, from dinner parties to wedding banquets, from Mid-Autumn mooncakes to Spring Festival red envelopes, which all seem to be tightly wrapped in the “human relationship culture”. _____16_____ The Mehrabian Principle Psychologist Albert Mehrabian put forward a very interesting formula, which reveals the importance of the three major elements in communication: the content of words accounts for only 7%, the tone of voice accounts for 38%, and a high 55% of the information actually comes from non-verbal body language. _____17_____ Whether your eyes are wandering or firm when you speak, whether your gestures are fluttering or quiet, these subtle details that are easily ignored are the truth of interpersonal communication. Non-verbal Communication From the perspective of language psychology, a person’s speaking intonation, pitch, and speed will affect others’ understanding of his intentions. At the beginning of Martin Luther King’s speech, his tone was calm and low, with analysis and contemplation, telling the facts of racial inequality and gradually introducing hope. _____18_____ Finally, it reached the peak in “Freedom forever”. The reason why this speech moved the audience was not only relying on the words, but also on the passion and hope conveyed by the tone. Emotional Capital The “emotional capital” in sociology can help us understand the role of the Mehrabian Principle in interpersonal relationships. _____19_____ Treating others to meals can accumulate short-term goodwill, but only long-term emotional investment can make interpersonal relationships as stable as bank deposits and play a role at critical moments. Facial Expression Management As the saying goes, “You don’t hit a person who smiles at you”. A sincere smile can instantly shorten the distance between people. _____20_____ A face that often wears a smile will make people feel that you are friendly and approachable, and they are willing to have in-depth communication with you. A. However, in fact, the key to interpersonal communication does not lie in material things, but in the emotional transmission during communication. B. When he said “I have a dream”, his tone rose, full of passion and expectation, and his voice became more powerful and rhythmic. C. This means that non-verbal signals are far more influential than the words themselves in communication. D. Emotional capital is a relational asset accumulated through emotional interaction, which creates trust in long-term relationships. E. Whether it’s a workplace meeting or a social gathering, a smile is always the best icebreaker. F. Many people believe that material gifts are the most direct way to maintain relationships. G. It is difficult to build trust with others if you always show a cold or unfriendly expression. 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕人际交往展开，介绍梅拉比安法则，强调非语言沟通、情感资本及表情管理的重要性。 【16题详解】 由上文“In today’s era, everyone seems to carry an invisible list of treating and gifting, from dinner parties to wedding banquets, from Mid-Autumn mooncakes to Spring Festival red envelopes, which all seem to be tightly wrapped in the “human relationship culture”. (在当今时代，从晚宴到婚宴，从中秋月饼到春节红包，每个人似乎都带着一张看不见的送礼清单，这些似乎都被“人际关系文化”紧紧包裹着。)”可知，前文描述了人际关系中物质往来的现象，空格处需转折引出真正的关键。A项However, in fact, the key to interpersonal communication does not lie in material things, but in the emotional transmission during communication. (然而，事实上，人际交往的关键并不在于物质，而在于沟通中的情感传递。)符合语境，“However”承接前文的物质现象，“the key to interpersonal communication does not lie in material things”点明核心在于情感传递，与前文形成对比。故选A项。 【17题详解】 由上文“Psychologist Albert Mehrabian put forward a very interesting formula, which reveals the importance of the three major elements in communication: the content of words accounts for only 7%, the tone of voice accounts for 38%, and a high 55% of the information actually comes from non-verbal body language. (心理学家Albert Mehrabian提出了一个非常有趣的公式，揭示了沟通中三大要素的重要性：语言的内容仅占7%，语调占38%，55%的信息实际上来自非言语肢体语言。)”可知，数据突出了非语言信号的重要性。C项This means that non-verbal signals are far more influential than the words themselves in communication. (这意味着在沟通中，非语言信号比语言本身更具影响力。)是对前文数据的总结，“This means”呼应前文的公式结论，“non-verbal signals are far more influential”直接体现数据所揭示的规律。故选C项。 【18题详解】 由上文“At the beginning of Martin Luther King’s speech, his tone was calm and low, with analysis and contemplation, telling the facts of racial inequality and gradually introducing hope. (马丁・路德・金演讲伊始，语调平静低沉，带着分析与沉思，讲述种族不平等的事实，并逐渐引入希望。)”可知，前文描述了演讲开始时的语调，空格处应延续对演讲过程中语调变化的描述。B项When he said “I have a dream”, his tone rose, full of passion and expectation, and his voice became more powerful and rhythmic. (当他说出“我有一个梦想”时，语调上扬，充满激情与期待，声音也变得更有力、更有节奏。)符合语境，“When he said “I have a dream””具体描述演讲中的关键部分，“tone rose”与前文“tone was calm and low”形成对比，体现语调变化。故选B项。 【19题详解】 由上文“The “emotional capital” in sociology can help us understand the role of the Mehrabian Principle in interpersonal relationships. (社会学中的“情感资本”有助于我们理解梅拉比安法则在人际关系中的作用。)”可知，前文引出“情感资本”这一概念，空格处应解释其含义。D项Emotional capital is a relational asset accumulated through emotional interaction, which creates trust in long-term relationships. (情感资本是通过情感互动积累的关系资产，它在长期关系中建立信任。)符合语境，直接对“emotional capital”下定义，“accumulated through emotional interaction”和“creates trust”解释了其本质与作用，承接前文对概念的引入。故选D项。 【20题详解】 由上文“A sincere smile can instantly shorten the distance between people. (真诚的微笑能瞬间拉近人与人之间的距离。)”和下文“A face that often wears a smile will make people feel that you are friendly and approachable, and they are willing to have in-depth communication with you. (一张经常面带微笑的脸会让人觉得你很友好，平易近人，他们愿意和你进行深入的交流。)”可知，上下文均围绕“微笑”的作用展开，空格处应进一步说明微笑在不同场景中的作用。E项Whether it’s a workplace meeting or a social gathering, a smile is always the best icebreaker. (无论是职场会议还是社交聚会，微笑都是最好的破冰方式。)符合语境，“Whether...or...”列举不同场景，“best icebreaker”呼应前文“shorten the distance”和后文“friendly and approachable”，强调微笑的普遍作用。故选E项。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The relationship between humans and animals has evolved far beyond mere companionship, encompassing ecological, therapeutic, and even existential dimensions. While dogs are often ____21____ for their unwavering loyalty, recent studies reveal that their cognitive abilities rival those of primates in certain aspects, such as ____22____ problem-solving and emotional intelligence. When wildlife biologist Dr. James encountered a severely ____23____ wolf during an expedition, he faced an ethical dilemma. Intervention could disrupt natural selection, yet ____24____the animal contradicted his moral principles. After administering emergency care, he was astonished when the wolf, instead of fleeing, exhibited ____25____ behavior—observing him from a distance for weeks, as if studying human nature. This phenomenon, termed “reciprocal curiosity,” challenges the traditional ____26____ of predator-prey dynamics. Beyond individual bonds, animal-assisted therapy has gained ____27____ in clinical settings. Patients with PTSD who interact with trained dogs demonstrate ____28____ cortisol levels and enhanced neural plasticity. However, critics argue that such practices may ____29____ anthropomorphism, projecting human emotions onto creatures with fundamentally different ____30____ systems. The ethical debate intensifies regarding working animals. Guide dogs undergo rigorous training to ____31____ handlers’ mobility, but some activists contend this constitutes exploitation. Conversely, K9 units in disaster zones display astonishing ____32____, locating survivors in conditions where technology fails. Their ____33____ to duty often surpasses human endurance limits. Perhaps the most profound lesson lies in interspecies communication. Marine biologists discovered that dolphins ____34____ unique whistles when collaborating with fishermen—a cultural transmission previously deemed exclusive to humans. This finding compels us to ____35____ our anthropocentric worldview and reconsider what truly defines consciousness. 21. A. commended B. compensated C. commissioned D. confronted 22. A. abstract B. instinctive C. innovative D. spatial 23. A. malnourished B. disoriented C. incapacitated D. domesticated 24. A. neglecting B. euthanizing C. rehabilitating D. domesticating 25. A. ambivalent B. aberrant C. contemplative D. submissive 26. A. paradigms B. hypotheses C. doctrines D. phenomena 27. A. momentum B. scrutiny C. backlash D. oblivion 28 A. stabilized B. elevated C. plateaued D. fluctuating 29. A. mitigate B. perpetuate C. simulate D. illuminate 30. A. metabolic B. neural C. sensory D. cognitive 31. A. stabilize B. navigate C. regulate D. simulate 32. A. resilience B. obedience C. vigilance D. endurance 33. A. devotion B. adaptation C. submission D. evolution 34. A. modulate B. emit C. mimic D. suppress 35. A. advocate B. relinquish C. transcend D. scrutinize 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述人与动物关系涉及多维度，其认知能力、辅助疗法等引发伦理讨论，跨物种交流促使人们反思人类中心主义。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然狗经常因其坚定不移的忠诚而受到称赞，但最近的研究表明，它们的认知能力在某些方面可与灵长类动物相媲美，比如空间问题解决能力和情商。A. commended称赞；B. compensated补偿；C. commissioned委托；D. confronted面对。根据下文“for their unwavering loyalty”以及常识可知，狗的忠诚是公认的优点，常因此受到称赞，commended符合语境。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然狗经常因其坚定不移的忠诚而受到称赞，但最近的研究表明，它们的认知能力在某些方面可与灵长类动物相媲美，比如空间问题解决能力和情商。A. abstract抽象的；B. instinctive本能的；C. innovative创新的；D. spatial空间的。根据上文“their cognitive abilities”和下文“problem-solving”可知，空间问题解决是动物认知的重要方面，spatial符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当野生动物生物学家詹姆斯博士在一次探险中遇到一只严重受伤失去能力的狼时，他面临着一个伦理困境。A. malnourished营养不良的；B. disoriented迷失方向的；C. incapacitated失去能力的；D. domesticated驯化的。根据下文“administering emergency care”可知，狼处于需要急救的状态，即失去行动能力，incapacitated符合语境。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：干预可能会破坏自然选择，然而忽视这只动物又违背了他的道德原则。A. neglecting忽视；B. euthanizing安乐死；C. rehabilitating康复；D. domesticating驯化。根据上文“Intervention could disrupt natural selection”以及yet表转折可知，上文提及干预的弊端，此处转折指不干预（忽视）也不符合道德，neglecting符合语境。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在进行紧急护理后，他感到惊讶的是，这只狼没有逃跑，反而表现出沉思的行为 —— 在几周内从远处观察他，仿佛在研究人性。A. ambivalent矛盾的；B. aberrant异常的；C. contemplative沉思的；D. submissive顺从的。根据下文“observing him from a distance for weeks, as if studying human nature”可知，狼的行为像在思考研究人的行为，contemplative符合语境。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种被称为“相互好奇心”的现象，挑战了传统的捕食者-猎物动态模式。A. paradigms模式；B. hypotheses假设；C. doctrines教义；D. phenomena现象。根据下文“of predator-prey dynamics”以及语境可知，传统中捕食者与猎物的关系是固定模式，而这种现象对此构成挑战，paradigms符合语境。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了个体间的联系，动物辅助疗法在临床环境中获得了发展势头。A. momentum势头；B. scrutiny审查；C. backlash强烈反对；D. oblivion遗忘。根据下文“Patients with PTSD who interact with trained dogs demonstrate 　8　　cortisol levels and enhanced neural plasticity.”提及疗法对PTSD患者的效果可知，其发展态势良好，momentum符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与受过训练的狗互动的创伤后应激障碍患者表现出稳定的皮质醇水平和增强的神经可塑性。A. stabilized稳定的；B. elevated升高的；C. plateaued停滞的；D. fluctuating波动的。根据下文“cortisol levels”以及语境可知，皮质醇水平稳定是健康状态的表现，说明疗法有效，stabilized符合语境。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，批评者认为这种做法可能会使拟人化永久存在，将人类情感投射到具有根本不同认知系统的生物身上。A. mitigate减轻；B. perpetuate使永久化；C. simulate模拟；D. illuminate阐明。根据下文“projecting human emotions onto creatures with fundamentally different 　　10　　 systems.”以及语境可知，这里指批评者认为动物辅助疗法会让人持续将动物拟人化，perpetuate符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，批评者认为这种做法可能会使拟人化永久存在，将人类情感投射到具有根本不同认知系统的生物身上。A. metabolic新陈代谢的；B. neural神经的；C. sensory感官的；D. cognitive认知的。根据上文“projecting human emotions onto creatures”以及常识可知，情感投射与认知相关，而动物与人类的认知系统不同，cognitive符合语境。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：导盲犬经过严格训练以帮助主人行动。A. stabilize稳定；B. navigate导航，指引；C. regulate调节；D. simulate模拟。根据上文“Guide dogs”和下文“handlers’ mobility”可知，导盲犬的作用是指引主人行动，navigate符合语境。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，灾区的K9部队展现出惊人的适应力，能在技术失效的情况下找到幸存者。A. resilience适应力，恢复力；B. obedience顺从；C. vigilance警惕；D. endurance耐力。根据下文“locating survivors in conditions where technology fails”可知，在恶劣环境中完成任务体现的是适应力，resilience符合语境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们对职责的投入常常超过人类的耐力极限。A. devotion投入；B. adaptation适应；C. submission服从；D. evolution进化。根据下文“to duty often surpasses human endurance limits”以及语境可知，K9部队在救灾中表现出对职责的高度投入，devotion符合语境。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：海洋生物学家发现，海豚在与渔民合作时会发出独特的口哨声 —— 这种文化传播以前被认为是人类独有的。A. modulate调节；B. emit发出；C. mimic模仿；D. suppress抑制。根据下文“unique whistles when collaborating with fishermen”以及语境可知，这里指口哨声是海豚发出的，emit符合语境。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一发现迫使我们超越以人类为中心的世界观，重新思考真正定义意识的是什么。A. advocate倡导；B. relinquish放弃；C. transcend超越；D. scrutinize仔细检查。根据下文“our anthropocentric worldview”以及语境可知，这里指海豚的行为表明动物也有类似人类的文化传播，这促使人们要超越以人类为中心的世界观，重新定义意识。transcend符合语境。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yang Shi’e was ____36____ outstanding figure in China’s underwater acoustics field, dedicating his entire life to China’s underwater acoustics cause. Born ____37____ 1931, he endured wars during his childhood, ____38____ strengthened his determination ____39____ (save) the country through science. In 1950, he left Tsinghua University before graduation to join the army, and later participated in the preparation for the establishment of the Harbin Institute of Military Engineering. Due to the country’s needs, he switched to ____40____ (research) underwater acoustics. After returning to China in 1960, he founded China’s first comprehensive underwater acoustics engineering major that integrates science and engineering with comprehensive coverage. He compiled many important ____41____ (work) such as Underwater Noise Science, pioneering a new pattern in China’s underwater acoustics education. Yang Shi’e rooted ____42____ (he) in underwater acoustics education for nearly 70 years, cultivating more than 110 master’s and doctoral students, and teaching thousands of students. Even in his 90s, he still insisted ____43____ giving lectures to students. With the spirit of “standing firm until the end” and a rigorous academic attitude, he was ____44____ (deep) loved by students. He passed away in 2024. In September of the same year, the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee posthumously awarded him the title of “Model of the Times” in recognition of his outstanding contributions to China’s underwater acoustics science and technology as well as ____45____ (educate). 【答案】36. an 37. in 38. which 39. to save 40. researching 41. works 42. himself 43. on 44. deeply 45. education 【解析】 【导语】这一篇人物传记。文章讲述杨士莪是中国水声领域杰出人物，毕生奉献该事业，获“时代楷模”称号，贡献卓越。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：杨士莪是中国水声领域的一位杰出人物，毕生致力于中国的水声事业。这里指“一位杰出人物”，应用不定冠词修饰可数名词figure，且outstanding是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：他生于1931年，童年经历战争，这更加坚定了他科技救国的决心。表示“生于某年”应用介词in。故填in。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他生于1931年，童年经历战争，这更加坚定了他科技救国的决心。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他生于1931年，童年经历战争，这更加坚定了他科技救国的决心。此处为固定搭配determination to do sth意为“做某事的决心”，此处应用动词不定式作定语。故填to save。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于国家需要，他转而研究水声。此处为switch to doing sth， 为固定搭配，意为“转而做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语，research的动名词形式为researching。故填researching。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他编撰了《水下噪声学》等多部重要著作，开创了中国水声教育的新格局。many后接可数名词复数形式，work作“著作”讲时为可数名词，其复数形式为works。故填works。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：杨士莪深耕水声教育近70年，培养了110多名硕士、博士研究生，教过数千名学生。分析句子结构可知，此处应用反身代词作宾语，he的反身代词为himself。故填himself。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：即使在90多岁高龄，他仍然坚持给学生上课。此处为insist on doing sth，为固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”，符合语境。故填on。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：他以“站好最后一班岗”的精神和严谨的治学态度，深受学生爱戴。此处应用副词修饰动词loved，deep的副词形式为deeply，表“深深地”，符合语境。故填deeply。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：同年9月，中共中央宣传部追授他“时代楷模”称号，以表彰他为中国水声科技和教育事业作出的杰出贡献。此处应用名词与“science and technology”并列作介词to的宾语，educate的名词形式为education，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填education。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(15分) 46. 假定你是李华，是阳光中学学生会主席。学校将于2024年12月15日举办“书香心语，情绘心声”读书节心理漫画创作大赛，邀请全体学生参与。请你用英语写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.参赛要求； 3.提交方式。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua Student Union 【答案】Dear students, To encourage reading and help you express inner thoughts through art, our school will hold a psychological comic creation contest themed “Books and Hearts, Painting Voices” on December 15, 2024. All students are welcome to participate. Your works should be related to reading experiences or psychological feelings, with a limit of one entry per person. Please submit your comics to the Student Union office by December 10. Let’s show our creativity! Li Hua Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，就学校即将举办的“书香心语，情绘心声”读书节心理漫画创作大赛写一封倡议书，内容包括活动目的、参赛要求和提交方式。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓励：encourage → inspire 表达：express → convey 举办：hold → organize 参与：participate → take part in 提交：submit → hand in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Your works should be related to reading experiences or psychological feelings, with a limit of one entry per person. 拓展句：Your works, which should be related to reading experiences or psychological feelings, are limited to one entry per person 【点睛】【高分句型1】To encourage reading and help you express inner thoughts through art, our school will hold a psychological comic creation contest themed “Books and Hearts, Painting Voices” on December 15, 2024.（运用了不定式作目的状语，以及过去分词短语themed “Books and Hearts, Painting Voices”作后置定语） 【高分句型2】Please submit your comics to the Student Union office by December 10.（运用了祈使句） 第二节续写写作(25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 It was a misty October morning. The abandoned garden behind the old downtown library looked like a hidden realm forgotten by time. As I pushed aside a clump of knee-high green foxtail grass, a faded wooden sign emerged from among the vines. Beneath the sign, half-buried in fallen leaves, a glass jar glowed faintly, stuffed with square-folded letters — red, blue, and yellowed ones — like a bunch of dried colorful flowers. I squatted down and gently pulled out the top one. On the off-white letter paper, there were scribbly words written in pencil: “March 17th. Huihui ran away from the balcony. It has a black spot on its right ear. If you see it, tell it that its mom misses it very much.” I pulled out another one, a printed note: “Last Wednesday in the third-floor reading room, to the boy in the blue shirt — I didn’t dare to say happy birthday to you. Actually, I’ve noticed you for a long time.” When I turned around, I saw a girl in a light blue school uniform walking out of the mist. “My name is Lin Yue. This is my secret base,” she said, pointing at the glass jar. “The first time I came here last autumn, there were only three broken flowerpots,” she added. “The doctor said I was always anxious, so I might as well write down my thoughts. Later, I realized that many people have things they can’t say out loud.” No sooner had she finished speaking than a strong wind suddenly rushed in through the archway, like an invisible hand tipping over the glass jar — and the letters scrambled to jump out. Some twirled past the wild chrysanthemum bushes, some stuck to the damp stone walls, and the thinnest ones even drifted toward the library’s red brick wall. Lin Yue let out a cry and lunged forward, her canvas shoes slipping on the wet flagstones. I quickly grabbed her arm. The two of us rushed around in a fluster, chasing the fleeing letters. Her hairpin fell into the bramble thicket, and my cuffs got stained with grass juice. When I caught the pink letter with “I’m sorry” written on it, I noticed a lopsided smiling face drawn on the back. At that moment, I suddenly realized that this was a secret garden collecting people’s innermost thoughts. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右; 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好; 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We scrambled to collect the flying papers. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That evening, Lin Yue and I sat in the garden, sorting the recovered notes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 We scrambled to collect the flying papers. With the wind still howling, it was a real challenge. Lin Yue dashed after a yellow-colored letter that was being carried high by the gusts. I chased a blue one that was fluttering near the bushes. Every time we managed to catch one, a sense of relief washed over us. As we gathered more and more, we found that each letter held a little piece of someone’s heart. There were letters about lost dreams, unspoken love, and long-held regrets. We were like detectives uncovering the hidden stories of the town. That evening, Lin Yue and I sat in the garden, sorting the recovered notes. Under the soft glow of the setting sun, we carefully arranged the letters back into the glass jar. Lin Yue’s eyes sparkled with a newfound determination. “We should make this place a real haven for people’s secrets,” she said. I whole-heartedly agreed. We decided to build a small shed to protect the jar from the elements and put up a new sign to invite others to share their stories. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了十月的一个早晨，作者在旧图书馆后的废弃花园发现一个装满信件的玻璃罐，信中是人们的心声。林月出现，称这里是她的秘密基地。一阵风刮倒罐子，信件散落，两人慌忙追回。当晚，他们决定将此地建成人们倾诉秘密的避风港。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们争先恐后地收集飞舞的纸片。”可知，第一段可描写作者和林月一起收集信件的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“那天晚上，我和林月坐在花园里，整理着捡来的信件。”可知，第二段可描写作者和林月把信放回玻璃罐以及决定建一个小棚子，保护罐子不受恶劣天气的影响。 2.续写线索：收集飞舞的纸片——发现每一封信都承载着一个人的故事——整理着捡来的信件——放回玻璃罐——决定建一个小棚子——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①追着：dashed /chased after ②.揭开：uncovering /disclosing ③.决定做某事：decided to do/was determined to do 情绪类 ①.缓解，宽慰：relief/ comfort ②.决心：determination / resolution 【点睛】[高分句型1]. As we gathered more and more, we found that each letter held a little piece of someone's heart.（运用了As引导的时间状语从句。） [高分句型2]. I chased a blue one that was fluttering near the bushes.（运用了that引导的定语从句。） 、 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$