13 第一部分 必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES-【名师导航】2026年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（人教版）

MORALS AND VIRTUES 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)All of these were seen by Justin and the burden of guilt weighed heavily on his mind． 2．(行为描写)Max cried at this sight，throwing a fist in the air，while Lily screamed with excitement． 3．(人物描写)She was one of the friendliest people in school，with shiny black hair and a mile­wide smile． The elderly woman entered the store，along with her daughter，who was displaying a serious case of impatience，rolling her eyes，sighing and checking her watch every few seconds．I guessed if she had possessed a rope，she would have fastened it to her mother to drag her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．illustrate vt．(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 2．complain vi．& vt．抱怨；发牢骚 3．hire vt．聘任；雇用；租用 n．租借；租用 4．publish vt．发表(作品)；出版 5．retire vi．& vt．退休；退职；退出 6．faint vi．昏倒；晕厥 adj．不清楚的；微弱的 7．decade n．十年；十年期 8．whisper vi．& vt．悄声说；耳语；低语n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 9．bite vt．& vi．咬；叮；蜇 n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤 10．harm n．& vt．伤害；损害 11．flexible adj．灵活的；可变通的 12．memory n．记忆力；回忆 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)The chief complaint (complain) about online courses is that they lack human interaction． 2．If you want to have your writing published(publish) in our magazine，please contact us by e­mail． 3．Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades(decade)． 4．If you don't feel like giving up your job，just consider hiring(hire) a babysitter． 5．Many people work during their lunch hour instead of taking a break，which definitely harms (harm) their health． 6．CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history，beautifully illustrated(illustrate) and full of unbelievable facts． 7．Young maple trees getting bitten(bite) by insects send out a particular smell that neighbouring plants can get． 8．Wilson，a retired(retire) engineer，has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years． 9．His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering(whisper) support． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．marry vt．& vi．结婚；娶；嫁；把……嫁给→marriage n．结婚；婚姻 2．reject vt．拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n．拒绝接受；否决 3．elect vt．选举；推选→election n．选举；推选；当选 4．scare vt．惊吓；使害怕vi．受惊吓→scared adj．害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 →scary adj．恐怖的 5．operate v．运转；操作；实行；动手术→operation n．手术；企业；经营 6．tense adj．紧张的；担心的；绷紧的→tension n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑 1．There were rumors that they secretly obtained a marriage certificate and later got married．(marry) 2．Her demand was rejected out of hand，since when she's been suffering the pain of rejection．(reject) 3．The people of Iran voted to elect a new president，who delivered a televised speech shortly after the election．(elect) 4．Girls are usually scared of watching scary movies，which will keep scaring them into screaming．(scare) 5．The operation of the device is extremely simple，and even a child can learn to operate it in less than 10 minutes．(operate) 6．His coach said to him，“I think your arms are too tense and that tension is ruining your accuracy．” (tense) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 2．pass away 去世 3．in memory of 作为对……的纪念 4．trip over 被……绊倒 5．in tears 流着泪；含着泪 6．in despair 处于绝望中 7．a great deal (of) 大量 8．with all one's might 竭尽全力；全力以赴 1．She tripped over someone's foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell． 2．After repeated failures，she gave up the attempt in despair． 3．It was family's support and his own determination that carried him through the crisis． 4．The Water­Sprinkling Festival is celebrated in memory of seven heroines who protected the Dai people． 5．The parents broke down in tears when they saw their lost child coming back． 6．He unfortunately passed away last year due to his cancer，but he left a deep impression on me． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．would rather do．．． I'd rather stay single to study all my life． 小瑞秋提出给妈妈沏杯茶，但妈妈宁愿等爸爸来做。 Little Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but Mum would rather wait for Dad．(续写之动作描写) 2．whose引导的定语从句 Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems． 后座上放着一束花，汽车里弥漫着令人愉快的花香。 In the back seat sat a bunch of flowers，whose pleasant scent filled the car．(续写之场景描写) 1．respond vt．回答；回复 vi．做出反应；回应 ①By responding(respond) quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems，small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys． ②(2022·全国乙卷)Their responses to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me，too．” ③If an argument gets resolved，the emotional response(respond) tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased． 我的回应显然大大超出女儿的预料，她皱着眉头的脸上慢慢绽放出灿烂的笑容。 My response was obviously far more than what my daughter had expected，and her frowning face slowly broke into a bright smile． respond to sb/sth对某人/某事做出回答或回应；应对某人/某事 respond (to sb/sth) by doing sth通过做某事回应(某人/某事) response n．反应；回答；回复 in response to．．．以回应…… make a/no response to．．．对……做出回应/不予回答 respond quickly to a challenge迅速应对挑战 respond to changes in the fashion industry应对时装业的变化 write in response to your request写信回复你的请求 2．appoint vt．[课本义]任命；委派　[增补义]安排，确定(时间、地点) ①The disabled girl was attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(appoint) to guard her． ②(2024·全国甲卷)People started queuing to make an appointment (appoint) early in the morning． ③Samuel Smith appointed himself(he) mayor of Baltimore and，much to the relief of many wealthy people，took charge of the city． 今写信向你道歉，我不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。 I'm writing to apologise to you for not being able to accompany you to the bookstore at the appointed time． appoint sb(as/to be)．．．任命某人为…… appoint sb to (do) sth委派某人做某事 appointment n．任命；约会 make an appointment with sb与某人约会/预约 keep/break an appointment守/违约 appoint Davis to the job委派戴维斯做这项工作 be appointed to direct the project被委派管理这项工程 turn up at the appointed place到达约定地点 3．tend vt．照顾；照料 vi．倾向；趋于 ①The young man took a job of tending(tend) a coffee bar after he arrived in New York． ②If we grow up eating certain foods in our family，then those foods tend to be linked(link) with positive emotions． ③The lamb had become separated from its mother，so I jumped out of the tractor to tend to it while Don stayed in his seat． 每当我趋向于抱怨并且想放弃时，我都会看到他在竭尽全力，然后会发现自己有了努力工作的动力。 Whenever I tend to complain and quit，I watch him push himself to his own limits，and I find myself motivated to work hard． tend (to) sb/sth照料某人/某物 tend to do sth 往往会做某事 tendency n．倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事；往往会做某事 there is a tendency to do sth有一种做某事的倾向 tend to make mistakes往往会犯错误 tend (to) these disabled children carefully细心照料这些残疾的孩子 have a tendency to talk too much总爱唠叨 4．replace vt．[课本义]接替；取代；更换　[增补义]把……放回原处 ①I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with/by a baseball uniform． ②For Pruitt，a keen bicyclist，the first thing to do was (to) replace(replace) his stolen bike． ③Replacing(replace) petrol­powered private cars worldwide with electric and shared systems could sharply reduce carbon emissions． 他眼里闪现出一丝怀疑，但很快被坚定的信心取代。 A look of disbelief came into his eyes，but was quickly replaced by firm confidence． replace．．．with/by．．．用……替换…… replace．．．as．．．取代……而成为…… take the place of sb/take one's place代替某人 in place of sb/in one's place代替某人 replace the magazines after reading杂志读完后放回原处 replace the original painting with a copy用摹本换走原画 use milk in place of cream in this recipe在这个食谱中用牛奶代替奶油 5．assist vt．帮助；援助 ①(2021·全国乙卷)I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals． ②All powers were in the hands of the emperor alone，with a group of ministers assisting(assist) him with government affairs． ③(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants (assist) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned． (普通表达)The twins，helped by their father，finally succeeded in cooking a delicious breakfast． (高级表达)The twins，assisted by their father/with the assistance of their father，finally succeeded in cooking a delicious breakfast． assist sb to do sth帮助某人做某事 assist sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事 assist sb with/in sth帮助某人做某事 assistance n．帮助；援助；支持 with the assistance of在……的帮助下 come to one's assistance来帮助某人 assist him to get on his feet again帮助他重新站起来 assist me in finding a place to live帮我找个住的地方 assist the doctor with the operation协助医生做手术 6．[教材原句]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital．她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院妇产科住院医师的女性。 ①(2022·全国乙卷)Selected from collections throughout the world，it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held(hold) in over forty years． ②(2023·全国乙卷)Four years later，she was the first African American woman to receive(receive) a medical degree． ③(2021·全国甲卷)The first rhino to be(be) born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first­time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg． 出乎意料的是，当宫殿最近重新向公众开放时，我是第一批进入其中的人。 Surprisingly，I was among the first ever to gain entry to the palace when it reopened to the public recently． the first/second＋n．＋to do意为“第一/二个做……的人/物”。名词前有序数词修饰时，其后常接动词不定式作定语，此时不定式表示已完成的动作。如果名词与不定式之间是主动关系，不定式要用主动形式(to do)；如是被动关系，则不定式要用被动形式(to be done)。 At the Beijing Olympics she became the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 metres Olympic gold．在北京奥运会上，她成为第一位获得女子百米奥运金牌的牙买加人。 7．[教材原句]After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head．过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。 ①The gold seekers would carry their supplies in backpacks，each weighing(weigh) up to fifty pounds． ②Hundreds of refugees，most dressed(dress) in rags，attempted to enter other countries． ③The end­term examination drawing(draw) near，many students have to stay up late to review their lessons． 妇女们在诊所色彩鲜艳、点缀着卡通人物的走廊里排起了长队，有些抱着哭泣的孩子。 Women，some carrying crying children，formed a long queue in the clinic's brightly­coloured corridor dotted with cartoon characters． 教材原句中的each balancing a pot of water on her head是独立主格结构作状语。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等”构成，用于修饰谓语动词或整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的成分构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。独立主格结构可置于主句前、主句后或主句中，在句中作状语或定语，相当于一个状语或定语从句。 Jim was listening to the lecture，all his attention fixed on it．吉姆正全神贯注地听讲座。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．Totally lost in a daydream，she made no response(respond) to her mother's question． 2．The judge will appoint a court lawyer to defend(defend) the suspect if he can't afford one． 3．Bats are surprisingly long­lived creatures，some having (have) a lifespan of around 20 years． 4．Tchaikovsky was given a state funeral—the first commoner ever to be granted (grant) this honour． 5．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Cattle tend to be kept(keep) in remote places and their value has risen，making them appealing targets． 6．There have been many reports in recent years that warn of future job losses with computers replacing(replace) humans in many industries． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．When feeling an economic slowdown，many people tend to respond by spending less． 2．So it is unlikely that coffee can replace tea as the country's main drink any time soon． 3．As had been expected，he was appointed as chairman of the Chinese Football Association． 4．Many children of off­farm workers were left behind at home，with no one to tend to them． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．Hearing the gunshot，the little girl curled up in the corner，scared (scare) half to death． 2．She expressed her dislike of the programme by writing a letter of complaint (complain)． 3．She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage (marry) broke up． 4．One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing (crash) to the ground． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．The stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark． 2．China's economy is beginning to pick up while America's is still in trouble． 3．People often complain about how children spend so much time on computer games． 4．Dr Lin，having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness，and aging． C A．急剧的　　　B．锋利的　　　C．深刻的 2．In contrast to the court life and upper­class culture represented by the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple of Heaven，the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers． B A．球场 B．宫廷 C．法院 3．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Chris trips on the “­ld”，a pronunciation difficulty for many non­native English speakers． A A．磕巴 B．旅行 C．绊倒 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)A ground­breaking，five­year study shows that diet­related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：A．．．study shows that．．．changes．．．led to new speech sounds．．．。句中的第一个that引导出宾语从句，第二个that引导出定语从句，修饰sounds。 [尝试翻译]一项历时五年的开创性研究表明，人类咬食物方式的改变导致了新语音的出现，现在，这些语音在世界上一半的语言中都有发现。 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems，preserving biological diversity，protecting ecological buffer zones，and leaving behind precious natural assets for future generations”． 本句是一个简单句，可简化为：The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle．．．。句中principle后面的介词短语of．．．是作定语，修饰principle，其中，protecting．．．，preserving．．．，protecting．．．，and leaving behind．．．是四个并列的动词­ing形式短语作介词of的宾语。 [尝试翻译]大熊猫国家公园的设计旨在体现这样一个指导原则，即“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”。 As the examination approaches，the majority of the high school students are busy 1．reviewing(review) their lessons，resulting in a sharp decline in their amount of exercise．2．To some extent，the PE class provides them with the only precious opportunity to enjoy a moment of 3．relaxation(relax)．Unfortunately，current PE classes are quite boring and sometimes even 4．replaced(replace) by other courses．Many students complained to their teachers about this but received no 5．response(respond)．It is generally accepted that proper exercise can build up the body，cultivate one's virtue，6．and relieve tension and anxiety．There're plenty of 7．examples(example) that illustrate the value of exercising regularly．Passive attitudes towards physical education tend 8．to cause(cause) harm to students' health，leaving them feeling tired and，in worse cases，fainting during classes．It is hoped that teachers can 9．flexibly(flexible) design and organise some interesting sports activities 10．where everyone can be involved．Please bear in mind that physical education not only allows students to find their own fun but also helps enrich their school life． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①我们的校长李华是一个品德高尚的人。 Our principal，Li Hua，is a man of virtue． ②他把全部精力都贡献给了自己的事业，从来不抱怨工作的艰苦。 He has devoted all his energy to his career，never complaining about the hardship of work． ③他乐于助人，经常帮助有困难的人渡过难关。 He is always ready to help others and often carries people in need through troubles． ④他工作了几十年，几个月前退休了。 He retired months ago after having worked for decades． ⑤他仍精力充沛，愿意继续为我们学校做些力所能及的工作。 He is still energetic and willing to do what he can for our school． ⑥全体教职员工都非常尊敬他，而他确实值得尊敬！ All the teaching staff have great respect for him and he is truly worthy of the respect! Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) Our principal，Li Hua，is a man of virtue．He has devoted all his energy to his career，never complaining about the hardship of work．In addition，he is always ready to help others and often carries people in need through troubles．He retired months ago after having worked for decades．But he is still energetic and willing to do what he can for our school．All the teaching staff have great respect for him and he is truly worthy of the respect! Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于人物描写的词汇 complain；in tears；scary；tension；despair faint；tend to；carry sb through；replace；whisper Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 苏珊在车祸中受重伤昏迷了。在医院苏醒后，她发现自己双目失明了。霎时，她觉得自己陷入了可怕的黑暗世界。她整天愁眉不展，以泪洗面。丈夫马克看到妻子的样子感到心如刀割。然而，他没有抱怨，而是非常细心地照顾她，决心帮她渡过难关。渐渐地，苏珊的紧张情绪得到缓解，绝望被信心所取代。她低声对丈夫说：“谢谢你，马克。是你帮我走出了困境。” Susan fainted after getting badly injured in a car crash．When she regained consciousness in the hospital，she found herself blind in both eyes．For a moment，she felt like she had been thrown into a scary dark world．She frowned all day long，bathed in tears．Her husband Mark felt heartbroken when he saw what his wife was like．However，rather than complaining，he tended to her with great care，determined to carry her through the tough times．Gradually，Susan's tension was eased and despair was replaced by confidence．She whispered to her husband，“Thank you，Mark．It is you that have helped me out．” 课时分层作业(十三) 必修第三册　UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时7分钟) Kieran Moise started growing out his hair in the eighth grade，after losing a friend to brain cancer．He had seen people donate their hair to children who had lost theirs during medical treatment and wanted to do the same． “Kieran has always been known for his hair．It was a big part of his personality and who he was，” said his mother，Kelly．“But he has always been the most compassionate and caring person．Since he was 6 years old，he has somehow had the mindset of raising money and giving it to people who need it，and that has never changed．” In May，Moise graduated from high school with an impressive 19­inch Afro (非洲式发型)．But with him set to enter the United States Air Force Academy，it was time for a cut． To maximize his impact，Moise organized a live event at a local brewery in Huntsville and an online fundraising campaign called “Kieran's Curls for Cancer”，where he aimed to raise $1，000 per inch cut． On May 29，nearly 100 people attended the event，where they watched Moise get his hair braided and snipped off．His hair was donated to Children With Hair Loss，a non­profit organization in Michigan that makes free wigs for kids and young adults facing medically related hair loss． By the end of the day，the event raised $20，000 for St．Jude Children's Research Hospital and has continued to raise money online．As of Saturday，it was more than $39，000． “Charitable giving comes in many forms，from direct acts of kindness to impactful public statements that motivate others to come together to support a cause，” Richard C．Shadyac Jr．，President and CEO of ALSAC，the fundraising and awareness organization for St．Jude Children's Research Hospital，told the media，“Kieran's simple act of kindness exemplifies (例证) the power of younger generations and is something to celebrate，and a selfless decision that will make a direct impact on the lives of the kids at St．Jude Children's Research Hospital and children everywhere for years to come．” 【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。Kieran Moise留长自己的头发捐给需要的人，他的善举引起了人们的积极反响。 1．What contributed to Kieran Moise's starting growing out his hair? A．His high­quality fine hair． B．The death of one of his friends． C．His witness of children's pain． D．The encouragement from his mother． B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Kieran Moise started growing out his hair in the eighth grade，after losing a friend to brain cancer．”可知，Kieran Moise开始留长头发是因为他的一个朋友不幸死于脑癌，故选B。] 2．Why does Kieran Moise's mother mention his childhood? A．To introduce his kind deeds in the past． B．To prove his unique personality． C．To praise him for his contributions． D．To show that he is kind from an early age． D　[细节理解题。Kieran Moise的母亲提到他的童年是为了证明上一句的内容，即第二段中的“he has always been the most compassionate and caring person”，因此，Kieran Moise的母亲提到他的童年是为了表明他从小就很善良，故选D。] 3．What's mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A．Kieran's kindness benefited himself． B．Kieran's love will be richly rewarded． C．Kieran's deeds will inspire more kindnesses． D．Kieran's behavior showed a new form of charity． C　[段落大意题。根据最后一段内容尤其是“Charitable giving comes in many forms，from direct acts of kindness to impactful public statements that motivate others to come together to support a cause”可知，最后一段主要讲到了Kieran Moise的事迹将激发更多的善举，故选C。] 4．Which of the following can best describe Kieran Moise? A．Kind­hearted and creative． B．Sweet­natured and tolerant． C．Good­natured and ambitious． D．Good­tempered and considerate． A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But he has always been the most compassionate and caring person．”可知，Kieran Moise自小心地善良。再根据第四段中的“Moise organized a live event at a local brewery in Huntsville and an online fundraising campaign”和第五段中的“nearly 100 people．．．and snipped off”可以看出，Kieran Moise的筹款方式富有创造力。综上可知，Kieran Moise是一个心地善良并且富有创造力的男孩，故选A。] B 篇(限时7分钟) In 1995，Larry Page，a young computer student at Stanford University，listed about 10 ideas for the subject of his dissertation (学位论文)．He ultimately chose the option concerning charting the hyperlinks between sites，which later permanently changed the way we navigate (浏览) the Internet and earned Page around $100 billion． Research shows people rarely assess the value of their own ideas accurately．This means that we often fail to see the potential in our best ideas，leading us to jettison them and waste time on less promising ventures．Fortunately，these studies also suggest some clever ways to avoid making this mistake． One insightful study comes from Professor Justin Berg at the Stanford Graduate School of Business．In his experiments，he asked participants to invent new products or services．The participants first brainstormed a list of ideas，which they ranked in order of preference，after which they were given more time to develop their concepts．A team of independent judges then rated the quality of the final designs． Berg found that in general，the participants preferred the concepts that were the most concrete and which initially appeared to be the easiest to apply．This meant that they often overlooked slightly more abstract ideas that were not immediately practical．With development，however，the potential uses of the abstract ideas soon became apparent—leading them to be more popular with the independent judges． As Berg's results show，we may be consistently missing out on our best ideas．One way to improve our judgments may be to encourage the right kind of reflective thinking．Berg，for instance，found he could improve participants' forecasts by asking them to justify why they had chosen their rankings．With extra thought，an abstract idea that initially appeared less promising will begin to gain substance and might soon start to seem more exciting． We may never know what made Larry Page leave his other ideas，but the above technique can help us identify the projects with the greatest potential．We can sift (挑选)the gold from the debris of our creativity and never risk wasting a trillion­dollar idea． 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以 Larry Page选择论文主题的成功经历为切入点，介绍了一项研究成果：人们评估自己想法的价值时会出现偏差，但反思思维可以改善此状况。 5．What does the underlined word “jettison” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Assess．　　　　　 B．Abandon． C．Transform． D．Challenge． B　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“rarely assess”，“fail to see the potential”以及“waste time on less promising ventures”可知，人们很少能准确评估自己想法的价值，看不到自己想法的潜力，从而放弃这些好想法，并把时间浪费在没有希望的风险项目上，故jettison 意为“放弃”。故选B。] 6．What did Berg's experiments reveal about the participants? A．They often neglected less practical ideas initially． B．They took into account the judges' preferences． C．They favored abstract ideas over concrete ones． D．They tended to choose ideas with great potential． A　[细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“Berg found that in general，the participants ．．．This meant that they often overlooked slightly more abstract ideas that were not immediately practical．”可知，Berg发现参与者更偏爱那些最具体、最初看起来最容易应用的概念，这意味着他们经常忽略一些抽象、不能立即付诸实践的想法。neglected是overlooked的同义更换。故选A。] 7．Which of the following shows “reflective thinking”？ A．Sticking to the initial rankings． B．Appreciating the ideas of others． C．Looking at the positive side of an option． D．Exploring the motivations behind our choices． D　[推理判断题。根据题干中的“reflective thinking”将答案信息定位到第五段，由该段第二、三句“．．．to encourage the right kind of reflective thinking ．．．by asking them to justify why they had chosen their rankings．”可知，在研究过程中，Berg鼓励参与者运用反思思维，具体做法就是让参与者解释自己排序的原因，即探索选择背后的动机是一种反思思维。故选D。] 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．How to Identify Truly Great Ideas B．Why We Are Poor Decision­Makers C．How to Choose a Promising Paper Topic D．Why Our Brain Favors the Concrete A　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章首先用Larry Page的例子作为引入，接着引用实验研究来说明大多数人无法准确评估自己想法的价值，然后通过Berg的研究发现解释其背后的原因并提出提高对自己想法的判断力的方法。因此，文章的标题应为“如何识别真正伟大的想法”。故选A。] Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down．My phone was 1 ，too．I managed to get to a gas station，but it was Sunday in the early fall，and there was no 2 on duty．I was working my way through university then and had little money for 3 the car． I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 4 the heat when an older gentleman 5 to fuel his car．He asked about my car，and I 6 my predicament (困境)．To my 7 ，the gentleman told me that he had a daughter of my age，and then he opened his trunk and 8 a tool set． Right then and there，this total 9 examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were 10 to function．After about an hour，he 11 that my car was safe to finish the trip． 12 came at the hands of a stranger．13 his clothes，working on a hot September afternoon，this man 14 a college student from disaster，just because she could have been his 15 ． 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名在校大学生，在驾车外出途中汽车出了故障，她设法开到一家加油站，却发现汽车修理工不上班。后来，与她素不相识的一位老先生来加油，为她修好了汽车。 1．A．busy　　　　　　　 B．loud C．dead D．secure C 2．A．mechanic B．policeman C．manager D．guide A 3．A．washing B．parking C．purchasing D．maintaining D 4．A．feel B．beat C．absorb D．produce B 5．A．promised B．refused C．stopped D．volunteered C 6．A．solved B．noticed C．escaped D．explained D 7．A．surprise B．regret C．amusement D．disappointment A 8．A．called up B．pulled out C．put down D．threw away B 9．A．liar B．beginner C．stranger D．loser C 10．A．free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable D 11．A．pronounced B．agreed C．discovered D．doubted A 12．A．Tiredness B．Kindness C．Loneliness D．Carefulness B 13．A．Folding B．Drying C．Soiling D．Mending C 14．A．saved B．called C．judged D．banned． A 15．A．friend B．daughter C．co­worker D．customer B Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) 随着知识经济的发展，我们的社会越来越需要“全能型人才”。假设你是李华，学校英文社团请你写一份倡议书，主题为“To Be an All­round Student”，内容包括： 1．提出倡议的背景； 2．倡议的内容； 3．提出呼吁。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：all­round talents 全能型人才 To Be an All­round Student Dear boys and girls， The English Club 【参考范文】 To Be an All­round Student Dear boys and girls， With the development of knowledge economy，it is necessary that we should strive to be an all­round senior high school student． We are supposed to do whatever we can to improve ourselves from all aspects．Firstly，be physically and mentally healthy，which lays a solid foundation for our study and life．Secondly，we must hold an active attitude towards study，forming a good learning habit．Furthermore，while studying hard，we should attach great importance to the innovation consciousness and practical ability． For the benefit of our future development，let's take immediate action from now on． The English Club 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$