Unit 4 Problems and advice 人与社会：问题与建议（话题阅读精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级上册

Unit 4 Problems and advice人与社会：问题与建议 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 228 讲述了中国扶贫基金会启动了一项名为“替代妈妈”的计划，旨在解决留守儿童问题。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 222 介绍了中国为应对青少年网络游戏成瘾问题而出台的新规定，以及这些规定可能面临的挑战和应对措施。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 273 主要讲述了垃圾食品的定义、危害以及青少年容易接触垃圾食品的原因，并提出了父母应帮助孩子养成健康饮食习惯的建议。 Passage B 阅读还原 说明文 259 本文主要是给出一些关于解决拖延的建议。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 说明文 194 主要讲述了网络交友对学生的危害，并建议学生们要有网络安全意识，真实生活的交往更有助于学生的发展。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 292 讲述了Sarah和Alex明白了有些秘密应该只保留在亲密朋友之间，分享秘密可能导致误解和不必要的关注，同时也认识到了信任和诚实对友谊的重要性。 Passage C 阅读理解 应用文 252 本文主要介绍了一些国家的学生对长相的看法。 Passage D 阅读理解 说明文 295 介绍了反霸凌日和霸凌以及应对霸凌的方法。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。 2.It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 3.Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 4.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 5.An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 预防胜于治疗。 6.When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 7.All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难。 8.God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 9.Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。 10.Look before you leap. 三思而后行。 时文阅读 Passage A（中国扶贫基金会启动“替代妈妈”的计划） The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation (中国扶贫基金会) has started a program to hire and train 100 local women as substitute mothers (替代妈妈) to take care of left-behind children. The three-year program will select 100 villages across Sichuan Province and hire (雇佣) one woman for each village. “It is a model to solve the problem of left-behind children,” said Liu Wenkui, secretary of the foundation. The “substitute mothers” will do parents’ job, finding out what the children need and helping them with problems. Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. There will be a “children’s home” in each village to be the mother’s office and children’s playing space. Their job is to provide quick service and discover the children’s problems. The program hopes to hire women aged 19 to 55 years old from the villages. “We want to hire full-time ‘mothers’ to make sure they won’t think about other work,” Liu said. “We want local women because they understand local languages and cultures.” The program in Sichuan is an experiment, and Liu said, “If it is a successful model, we will start it in the whole country.” “If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional (过渡的) way to solve the problem,” he added. 1．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “left-behind” in paragraph 1? A．落后 B．遗弃 C．辍学 D．留守 2．How long will the program last? A．Three months. B．A year. C．Three years. D．Ten years. 3．Who is possible to be a substitute mother? A．A girl at the age of 18. B．A woman with a part-time job. C．A man from the local village. D．A woman who knows local language. 4．Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．A substitute mother plays a role of parents. B．Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. C．Each village will have a “children’s home”. D．The children’s parents will pay for the substitute mother. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了中国扶贫基金会启动了一项名为“替代妈妈”的计划，旨在解决留守儿童问题。 1．词句猜测题。根据“train 100 local women as substitute mothers (替代妈妈) to take care of left-behind children.”以及“If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional (过渡的) way to solve the problem”可知“left-behind children”指的是那些父母外出打工而被留在家乡的孩子，即“留守儿童”，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The three-year program will select…”可知这个项目将持续三年，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“The program hopes to hire women aged 19 to 55 years old from the villages.”以及“We want local women because they understand local languages and cultures.”可知项目希望雇佣19到55岁之间的当地女性，因为她们懂得当地的语言和文化，因此“ 一位懂当地语言的女性”符合，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“The ‘substitute mothers’ will do parents’ job,”、“Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children.”、“There will be a ‘children’s home’ in each village”可知文章中并没有提到孩子的父母将支付替代妈妈的费用，故选D。 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation has started a program to hire and train 100 local women as substitute mothers to take care of left-behind children. 译文：中国扶贫基金会启动了一项计划，雇佣并培训 100 名当地女性作为 “替代妈妈”，照顾留守儿童。 分析： 主语（Subject）：The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation（中国扶贫基金会，专有名词短语作主语） 谓语（Predicate）：has started（现在完成时，动词短语作谓语） 宾语（Object）：a program（不定冠词 + 名词，作宾语） 目的状语（Adverbial of Purpose）： ① to hire and train 100 local women（不定式短语，说明 “启动计划” 的目的）； ② as substitute mothers（介词短语，补充说明 “雇佣并培训女性” 的身份）； ③ to take care of left-behind children（不定式短语，进一步说明 “替代妈妈” 的职责，与前两个状语构成递进关系）。 长难句解析 原句：（第 4 段第 1 句）If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional way to solve the problem. 译文：如果父母被迫离家谋生，无法带孩子一同前往，我们正在寻找一种过渡性的方法来解决这个问题。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。 条件状语从句（Conditional Clause）：If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them 主句（Main Clause）：we are looking for a transitional way to solve the problem 译文 中国扶贫基金会启动了一项计划，雇佣并培训 100 名当地女性作为 “替代妈妈”，照顾留守儿童。这项为期三年的计划将在四川省挑选 100 个村庄，每个村庄雇佣一名女性。 “这是解决留守儿童问题的一种模式，” 该基金会秘书长刘文奎表示。“替代妈妈” 将承担父母的职责，了解孩子们的需求并帮助他们解决问题。每位 “替代妈妈” 将照顾约 300 至 500 名儿童。每个村庄都将设有一个 “儿童之家”，作为 “妈妈” 的办公地点和孩子们的活动空间。她们的工作是提供快捷服务并发现孩子们的问题。 该计划希望从村庄中雇佣 19 至 55 岁的女性。“我们希望雇佣全职‘妈妈’，以确保她们不会分心去做其他工作，” 刘文奎说，“我们希望雇佣当地女性，因为她们了解当地的语言和文化。” 四川的这项计划是一次试验，刘文奎表示：“如果这是一种成功的模式，我们将在全国推广。” 他补充道：“如果父母被迫离家谋生，无法带孩子一同前往，我们正在寻找一种过渡性的方法来解决这个问题。” Passage B(国家出台关于游戏的新规定) Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time, with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations. Specifically, they can only play between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Saturdays, Sundays, and public holidays. This move aims to protect the mental and physical well-being of young Chinese, as video game addiction has become a pressing issue. Gaming companies have to make sure real-name registration (注册) is carried out and get checked more often by the government. Video game addiction has become a significant issue among the younger generation in China. Recently, an article in a government-connected newspaper has criticized video games as “spiritual opium (精神鸦片)”. In terms of this, some major gaming companies such as Tencent and NetEase, although facing a decrease in their stock prices, have expressed their support for these new measures. These measures aim to solve the growing problem of game addiction and promote a healthier lifestyle for children. However, the gaming companies might not be able to control their young customers. Some children have been reported to use their older family members’ identities or even pay to use adult strangers’ identities to extend their gaming time. This emphasizes the need for both stricter supervision and education to help children understand the importance of controlled gaming time. 1．What time can Chinese teenagers play online games under the new regulations? A．Any time after 8 p.m. on weekends and public holidays. B．Throughout the night time on weekdays and weekends. C．From 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. on working days and weekends. D．Between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on weekends and public holidays. 2．Which of the following statements about the new measures is TRUE? A．They are set to decrease the stock prices of most of the gaming companies. B．They are against by the gaming companies including Tencent and NetEase. C．They are made to stop game addiction and help children have a better lifestyle. D．They have been criticized by a government-connected newspaper as “spiritual opium”. 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The difficulty in controlling young customers’ gaming time. B．The increasing popularity of gaming among young people. C．The need for gaming companies to develop more games for children. D．The importance of family members monitoring children’s gaming time. 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards the current situation? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Concerned. 5．Where is the passage likely from? A．A fairy tale. B．A news journal. C．A game review. D．A science magazine. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国为应对青少年网络游戏成瘾问题而出台的新规定，以及这些规定可能面临的挑战和应对措施。 1．细节理解题。根据“Specifically, they can only play between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Saturdays, Sundays, and public holidays.”可知，他们只能在周六、周日和公共假期的晚上8点到9点之间玩，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“These measures aim to solve the growing problem of game addiction and promote a healthier lifestyle for children.”可知，是为了阻止游戏成瘾，帮助孩子们有更好的生活方式，故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据“This emphasizes the need for both stricter supervision and education to help children understand the importance of controlled gaming time.”可知，本段主要介绍的是家庭成员监控孩子游戏时间的重要性，故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“This emphasizes the need for both stricter supervision and education to help children understand the importance of controlled gaming time.”（这些措施旨在解决日益严重的游戏成瘾问题，并促进儿童更健康的生活方式）可知，作者的态度是积极的，故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time, with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations. Specifically, they can only play between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Saturdays, Sundays, and public holidays.”可知，文章讨论了一项新的政府规定，可能会出现在新闻杂志上。故选B。 长难句解析 原句：（第 1 段第 1 句）Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time, with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations. 译文： 18 岁以下中国儿童现在将面临严格的网络游戏时间限制，根据新规定，平均每周仅允许 3 小时。 分析：主句：Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time（主语：Chinese children under 18；谓语：will face；宾语：strict limitations；定语：on their online gaming time）。 伴随状语：with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations（with + 复合结构，其中 “allowed under new regulations” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “three hours per week”）。 译文 18 岁以下中国儿童现在将面临严格的网络游戏时间限制，根据新规定，平均每周仅允许 3 小时。具体来说，他们只能在周六、周日和公共假期的晚上 8 点至 9 点之间玩游戏。此举旨在保护中国青少年的身心健康，因为电子游戏成瘾已成为一个紧迫的问题。游戏公司必须确保执行实名认证，并接受政府更频繁的检查。 电子游戏成瘾已成为中国年轻一代中的一个重要问题。最近，一家政府关联报纸的文章将电子游戏批评为 “精神鸦片”。对此，腾讯、网易等一些主要游戏公司尽管股价下跌，但仍表示支持这些新措施。这些措施旨在解决日益严重的游戏成瘾问题，促进儿童更健康的生活方式。 然而，游戏公司可能无法完全控制年轻用户。据报道，一些儿童使用家中长辈的身份，甚至付费使用陌生成年人的身份来延长游戏时间。这强调了既需要更严格的监管，也需要通过教育帮助儿童理解控制游戏时间的重要性。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage A （2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）Junk food is any unhealthy food that is high in fat, sugar and calories, but low in nutrition (营养), such as French fries, hamburgers, chips and colas. Such foods are often tasty, quick and convenient. When teens come home from school, the first thing is mostly to unwind by sitting in front of the TV with a big bag of chips and a can of cola or any other sugar- filled drinks. They have unknowingly walked into the world of junk food, not realizing the danger. According to the research, teenagers who often have junk food may have serious metabolic diseases (新陈代谢疾病) in the future, overweight being one of them. So avoiding junk food is a must for them. The study has also found compared with adults, teenagers today are more likely to eat junk food. Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook, teenagers are introduced to fast food at a young age, which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance of eating food for nutrition. Besides, everything is available so easily online, especially ordering junk food, which makes it a lot easier for them to live a not so healthy life. Once teenagers get the delicious taste of junk food, they are likely to keep on having it more often than home-made dishes. ___________ It all starts with parents. They should create an environment that helps protect their children’s health and also develop their right eating habits. These habits will turn into a healthy lifestyle, which in turn will help them in the long run to be better adults. 1．What do we know about junk food according to the passage? A．It is high in nutrition. B．It is low in fat, sugar and calories. C．It is often delicious and convenient. D．It includes fried chicken, ice-cream and dumplings. 2．What does the underlined word “unwind” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Play. B．Relax. C．Wait. D．Learn. 3．How many reasons why teenagers prefer junk food are mentioned in paragraph 3? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 4．Which sentence can be put in ________? A．What can teenagers do to keep healthy? B．What harm could junk food bring to teenagers? C．Why should parents stop giving them junk food? D．What can be done to keep teenagers away from junk food? 5．What can we learn from this passage? A．Teenagers go into the world of junk food by accident. B．Teenagers who often eat junk food must have serious diseases. C．Teenagers should firstly take action to change their eating habits. D．Eating junk food is a must for teenagers because of their busy parents. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了垃圾食品的定义、危害以及青少年容易接触垃圾食品的原因，并提出了父母应帮助孩子养成健康饮食习惯的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Junk food is any unhealthy food that is high in fat, sugar and calories, but low in nutrition (营养), such as French fries, hamburgers, chips and colas. Such foods are often tasty, quick and convenient.”可知，垃圾食品通常美味且方便。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“When teens come home from school, the first thing is mostly to unwind by sitting in front of the TV with a big bag of chips and a can of cola or any other sugar-filled drinks.”可知，青少年放学后第一件事是通过看电视和吃零食来放松。因此“unwind”意为“放松”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，提到了三个原因：父母忙于工作没时间做饭、网上订餐方便、青少年喜欢垃圾食品的味道。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据后文“It all starts with parents. They should create an environment…”可知，此处应填入与如何让青少年远离垃圾食品相关的句子，选项D符合。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“They have unknowingly walked into the world of junk food, not realizing the danger.”可知，青少年是不经意间陷入垃圾食品的世界。故选A。 长难句解析 原句：（第 3 段第 2 句）Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook, teenagers are introduced to fast food at a young age, which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance of eating food for nutrition. 译文： 由于许多父母忙于工作且无暇做饭，青少年从小就接触快餐，这使得他们难以意识到为营养而进食的重要性。 分析： 主句：teenagers are introduced to fast food at a young age...（被动语态主句，介词短语 at a young age 作时间状语）。 原因状语从句：Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook（引导词：Since；主语：parents；谓语：are busy 和 have，并列结构）。 非限制性定语从句：which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance of eating food for nutrition（关系代词 which 指代前文 “青少年接触快餐” 这一现象；形式宾语 it 替代不定式短语 to realize...）。 译文 垃圾食品是指任何高脂肪、高糖、高卡路里但低营养的不健康食品，如薯条、汉堡、薯片和可乐。这类食物通常美味、快捷且方便。 当青少年放学回家时，他们做的第一件事大多是坐在电视机前，拿着一大包薯片和一罐可乐或其他含糖饮料放松。他们不知不觉走进了垃圾食品的世界，却没有意识到其中的危险。研究表明，经常食用垃圾食品的青少年未来可能患严重的代谢疾病（如超重）。因此，避免垃圾食品对他们来说是必须的。 研究还发现，与成年人相比，如今的青少年更有可能食用垃圾食品。由于许多父母忙于工作且无暇做饭，青少年从小就接触快餐，这使得他们难以意识到为营养而进食的重要性。此外，一切东西在网上都很容易买到，尤其是订购垃圾食品，这让他们更容易过上不太健康的生活。一旦青少年尝到垃圾食品的美味，他们就更可能频繁食用它，而非家常饭菜。 ** 如何让青少年远离垃圾食品呢？** 这一切始于父母。他们应该创造一个有助于保护孩子健康的环境，并培养孩子正确的饮食习惯。这些习惯将转化为健康的生活方式，长远来看也将帮助他们成长为更优秀的成年人。 Passage B （2025·河南·中考真题）Putting things off is something a lot of students are troubled with. Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries, there are too many things you have to deal with every day. 1 You might start falling behind and your grades might get lower. One smart way to fight back is to break big tasks into tiny pieces. Huge projects can feel like a mountain. But if you cut them into smaller steps, it will make it less scary (可怕的). 2 Just tell yourself, “Today, I’ll choose my topic and write a little. I’ll take care of more tomorrow.” step by step, it gets done. The “work and rest” way is also a smart choice for being productive. Set a timer for 25 minutes-go all in, full attention. 3 Have some cookies. Walk around. Once you get going, it’s easier to keep it up. 4 Put away your MP3 player and any kind of toys. Find a quiet place where you won’t get interrupted (打扰) at all. The less noise, the better your brain can lock in. And don’t forget to treat yourself. For example, listen to your favorite song, or watch an interesting TV program. These little things keep you going. 5 Finally, you are sure to see the payoff. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Then take a five-minute break. B．Also, stay away from what pulls your attention. C．For example, you’ve got to write a five-page paper. D．But if you keep putting them off, they can snowball. E．Change doesn’t happen overnight, so stick to it every day. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文主要是给出一些关于解决拖延的建议。 1．根据“Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries, there are too many things you have to deal with every day.”可知，每天你还要处理的事情实在是太多了，如果拖延下去，事情只会越来越多。选项D“但如果一直拖延下去，事情就会越积越多”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据“Just tell yourself, ‘Today, I’ll choose my topic and write a little. I’ll take care of more tomorrow.’ step by step, it gets done.”可知，此处提到要写的东西，选项C“比如，你得写一篇五页的论文。”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据“The ‘work and rest’ way is also a smart choice for being productive.”可知，此处建议“劳逸结合”，选项A“然后休息五分钟。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“Put away your MP3 player and any kind of toys. Find a quiet place where you won’t get interrupted (打扰) at all. The less noise, the better your brain can lock in.”可知，此处提到一些分散注意力的东西，选项B“同时，要远离那些会分散你注意力的事物。”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据“Finally, you are sure to see the payoff.”可知，此处建议坚持肯定会看到成效，选项E“改变并非一蹴而就，所以每天都要坚持下去。”符合语境，故选E。 长难句解析 原句：（第1 段第 2 句）：Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries, there are too many things you have to deal with every day. 译文：在学业、课外活动和日常烦恼之间，每天你有太多必须处理的事情。 分析： 1. 状语：Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries（介词短语作状语，列举了三个范围，说明 “在…… 之中”）。 2. 主句：there are too many things（there be 句型，是句子的主干，意为 “有太多事情”）。 3. 定语从句：you have to deal with every day（省略了关系代词 that 的定语从句，修饰先行词 things；从句中，主语是 you，谓语是 have to deal with，every day 是时间状语）。 译文 拖延是许多学生困扰的问题。在课业、课外活动和日常琐事之间，每天需要处理的事情实在太多了。 但如果你一直拖延，它们会像滚雪球一样越积越多。 你可能会开始落后，成绩也可能下降。 对抗拖延的一个聪明办法是把大任务分解成小块。巨大的项目感觉像一座山，但如果你把它们切成更小的步骤，就不会那么可怕了。 例如，你需要写一篇五页的论文。 告诉自己：“今天，我选择主题并写一点，明天再处理更多。” 一步一步，事情就完成了。 “劳逸结合” 也是提高效率的明智选择。设置一个 25 分钟的计时器 —— 全神贯注投入工作。 然后休息五分钟。 吃些饼干，四处走走。一旦开始，就更容易坚持下去。 同时，远离分散你注意力的事物。 收起 MP3 播放器和各种玩具，找一个完全不会被打扰的安静地方。噪音越少，大脑越能专注。 别忘了奖励自己。例如，听你最喜欢的歌，或看一个有趣的电视节目。这些小事让你坚持下去。 改变不是一蹴而就的，所以每天都要坚持。 最终，你一定会看到回报。 模拟演练 Passage A   To many students, joining social media circles is now more important than making new friends in 1 life.    And it’s easy. If you have a smart phone, you can download apps such as Sina Weibo, WeChat and QQ.    “I love to check what my friends have updated. I also 2 news and humor shared on social media.” said Zhang Wei, a middle school student from Shenzhen. Because of enjoying these, Zhang keeps a 3 from real life. “I love playing games on WeChat, but I have 4 interest in playing chess with my classmates.”    Deng Yu, a student from Shanghai, said social media had influenced students’ life. 5 his school held a basketball match, and a student hurt his leg. Instead of giving him 6 , students were busy with 7 WeChat moments（朋友圈） about the accident. “I think they need to balance their real and 8 lives.” said Deng.     What makes parents and teachers worry is safety. Many students are happy to tell their interest and personal information to their social media “friends”. Such information 9 bring them danger. Police warn about the danger of sharing their living 10 by using the locating（定位）function. 1．A．happy B．real C．true D．fake 2．A．present B．lose C．enjoy D．order 3．A．dislike B．distance C．disability D．disagreement 4．A．more B．most C．no D．a little 5．A．Luckily B．Happily C．Sadly D．Recently 6．A．help B．medicine C．ambulance D．doctor 7．A．having B．receiving C．updating D．reading 8．A．online B．social C．secret D．living 9．A．must B．should C．may D．ought to 10．A．town B．city C．country D．area 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了网络交友对学生的危害，并建议学生们要有网络安全意识，真实生活的交往更有助于学生的发展。 1．句意：对于许多学生来说，现在加入社交媒体圈子比在现实生活中结交新朋友更重要。 happy快乐的；real真正的，真实的；true符合事实的；fake假的。根据“Because of enjoying these, Zhang keeps a…from real life. ”可知，此处指现实生活。故选B。 2．句意：我也喜欢在社交媒体上分享新闻和心情。 present提出；lose丢失；enjoy享受，喜欢；order命令。根据“I love to check what my friends have updated. I also…news and humor shared on social media.”可知，此处空含义应该与love意思相同，故选C。 3．句意：正因为喜欢这些，张与现实生活保持距离。 dislike不喜欢；distance距离；disability残疾；disagreement意见不一。根据“I love playing games on WeChat, but I have…interest in playing chess with my classmates.”可知，喜欢在微信上玩游戏，但是对和同学下棋没有兴趣，所以应该与现实生活保持距离，故选B。 4．句意：我喜欢在微信上玩游戏，但是我对和同学下棋没有兴趣。 more更多；most最多；no没有；a little一点。根据“I love playing games on WeChat”可知，对和同学下棋没有兴趣，have no interest in doing sth“对做某事没有兴趣”，故选C。 5．句意：最近，他的学校举行了一场篮球比赛，一个学生伤了腿。 Luckily幸运地；Happily快乐地；Sadly伤心地；Recently最近。根据“…his school held a basketball match, and a student hurt his leg.”可知，此处叙述一件近期发生的事情，故选D。 6．句意：学生们没有给他帮助，而是忙着更新有关事故的朋友圈。 help帮助；medicine药；ambulance救护车；doctor医生。根据“Instead of giving him…, students were busy with…WeChat moments（朋友圈） about the accident.”可知，学生们忙着更新有关事故的朋友圈，没有提供帮助。故选A。 7．句意：学生们没有给他帮助，而是忙着更新有关事故的朋友圈。 having有；receiving收到；updating更新；reading读。根据“students were busy with…WeChat moments（朋友圈） about the accident.”可知，此处指更新朋友圈。故选C。 8．句意：我认为他们需要平衡现实生活和网络生活。 online在线的；social社会的；secret秘密的；living活的。根据“social media had influenced students’ life”“和I think they need to balance their real and…lives.”可知，and前后并列，表示现实生活和网络生活，故选A。 9．句意：这些信息可能给他们带来危险。 must必须；should应该；may可以，可能；ought to应该。根据“Such information…bring them danger.”可知，此处表示推测，指可能给他们带来危险。故选C。 10．句意：警方警告关于使用定位功能分享居住区域的危险。 town城镇；city城市；country国家；area地区。根据“Police warn about the danger of sharing their living…by using the locating（定位）function.”可知，此处指自己的居住区域，故选D。 Passage B （2025·广东广州·二模）Sarah and her best friend, Alex, loved exploring the forest near their neighborhood. One day, while they were exploring through the woods, Sarah stepped upon a shiny rock hidden under a pile of leaves. Excitedly, she said to Alex. “Look at what I found! It looks like a valuable diamond. Promise not to tell anyone! It’s just a secret between you and me.” Alex nodded, agreeing to keep it a secret. Later that afternoon, Sarah and Alex met their friend, Emily, in the neighborhood. Unable to control her excitement, Alex told Emily about the treasure Sarah had found. Emily was very curious and wanted to see it, but Sarah stopped them, reminding Alex of their promise. However, Emily’s younger brother, Jack, happened to hear their conversation and spread the news to everyone in the neighborhood. Soon, Sarah’s neighbors began to come to her house, hoping to have a look at the mysterious treasure. They knocked on Sarah’s door one by one, each asking if they could see it. Sarah and Alex were taken aback by all the attention and didn’t know how to deal with the situation. As the neighbors crowded around, Sarah’s mom came out to see what was happening. She gently told the neighbors that the rock they wanted to see was not as special as they thought. It was just a common rock Sarah had found in the forest. The neighbors were understanding and soon left with smiles on their faces. Sarah and Alex learned that some secrets should only be kept between close friends. Sharing secrets with everyone can lead to misunderstandings and unwanted attention. They also realized the importance of trust and honesty in friendship, promising to keep each other’s secrets safe in the future. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the story? A．Sarah found a valuable diamond in the forest. B．Sarah’s neighbors believed what Sarah’s mom said. C．Alex was too excited to tell Emily about the treasure. D．Emily told her brother about the treasure Sarah had found. 2．What does the underlined word “taken aback” in paragraph 3 mean? A．scared B．angry C．surprised D．calm 3．Which of the following shows the correct order of the story? ①Jack heard their talk and told everyone. ②Sarah found a shiny stone in the forest. ③Alex promised Sarah to keep it secret. ④Sarah’s mom said the stone was just normal. ⑤Alex told Emily about the stone Sarah found. ⑥Neighbors came to Sarah’s house one after another. A．②③⑥①④⑤ B．②③⑤①⑥④ C．⑤①⑥②③④ D．⑤①⑥③②④ 4．What is the main lesson of the story? A．It’s important to explore the forest carefully. B．One should never share secrets with friends. C．Neighbors are always curious about others’ discoveries. D．Secrets should sometimes be kept private, and trust is the key in friendship. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了Sarah和Alex明白了有些秘密应该只保留在亲密朋友之间，分享秘密可能导致误解和不必要的关注，同时也认识到了信任和诚实对友谊的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“She gently told the neighbors that the rock they wanted to see was not as special as they thought… The neighbors were understanding and soon left with smiles on their faces.”可知，邻居们相信了Sarah妈妈的话，并微笑着离开了。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Sarah and Alex were taken aback by all the attention and didn’t know how to deal with the situation.”可知，两人对突然的关注感到意外和不知所措，因此“taken aback”意为“surprised（惊讶的）”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Sarah stepped upon a shiny rock hidden under a pile of leaves…Alex nodded, agreeing to keep it a secret…Alex told Emily about the treasure Sarah had found…Emily’s younger brother, Jack, happened to hear their conversation and spread the news to everyone in the neighborhood. Soon, Sarah’s neighbors began to come to her house…Sarah’s mom came out to see what was happening. She gently told the neighbors that the rock they wanted to see was not as special as they thought. It was just a common rock”可知故事顺序为② Sarah在森林里发现了一块闪亮的石头 → ③ Alex答应保密 → ⑤ Alex告诉Emily → ① Jack听到并传播消息 → ⑥邻居们陆续来Sarah家 → ④ Sarah的妈妈解释石头很普通。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最“Sarah and Alex learned that some secrets should only be kept between close friends… the importance of trust and honesty in friendship”可知，故事的核心教训是“秘密有时需要保密，而信任是友谊的关键”。故选D。 Passage C （24-25九年级上·广东广州·期末） Questions: Do students in your country worry about how they look? What makes them feel this way? View (199) Reply (39) Like (200) Aug4 Answers: Ai Akasaki 16, Japan Many Japanese high school students feel worried about how they look. Unlike people in western countries, people are usually shy and quiet in Japan. This makes students less confident and stop them from showing who they are. For example, sometimes they wear masks because of allergic reactions (过敏症状) in spring. However, even in other seasons, many of my classmates still keep their masks on. They feel nervous about showing their faces.                                Grace Patterson 13, Australia At my school, not many people worry about how they look. In Australia, we have people from many different cultures, so there are many different ideas about beauty and style. People won’t stop being your friend just because of how you look. In Australia, schools let students truly be themselves, and people care more about your personality than your appearance. They even dislike to follow their favourite singers. Luna Serrano 14, Mexico Many students in Mexico feel nervous about how they look. For example, I’ve seen classmates get anxious when they get pimples (青春痘) on their faces. These worries are common among teenagers as our bodies change and grow. Although these worries can be hard to get through, it helps you know yourself better and feel happier. Focus on what you’re good at. Remember, nobody is perfect, and it’s OK to look different.                                                     1．Why did Zhang post the questions on her blog? A．She wants to share her personal experience. B．She wants to make new friends from all over the world. C．She wants to ask her teachers some questions about looks. D．She wants to know how other teenagers think about looks. 2．Why do Japanese students worry about their looks? A．They easily become fat. B．They are shy and not confident. C．They usually get pimples on their faces. D．They want to look the same as super stars. 3．What do Australian students mostly agree with? A．Kindness is more important than looks. B．Schools should teach students how to look good. C．Beauty matters a lot in Australia. D．Good-looking people can be true friends. 4．Who may share similar worries about their appearance? A．Students from Mexico and Japan. B．Students from Japan and Australia. C．Students from China and Australia. D．Students from Australia and Mexico. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些国家的学生对长相的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do students in your country worry about how they look? What makes them feel this way?”可知她想知道学生是否会担心自己的长相。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Unlike people in western countries, people are usually shy and quiet in Japan. This makes students less confident and stop them from showing who they are”可知日本人通常很害羞，也很安静，这会让学生变得不那么自信。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“In Australia, schools let students truly be themselves, and people care more about your personality than your appearance”可知在澳大利亚，学校让学生真正做自己，人们更关心你的个性而不是你的外表，由此推测澳大利亚的学生会认为善良比外貌更重要。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Many Japanese high school students feel worried about how they look”以及“Many students in Mexico feel nervous about how they look”可知日本和墨西哥的学生会担心他们的长相。故选A。 Passage D What’s Anti-Bullying Day (反霸凌日)? Anti-Bullying Day is a special day when people talk about bullying and what we can do to stop it. A lot of children take part in activities at school and online, to learn about what bullying means and what we can do if we see it happening. When is Anti-Bullying Day? The date of Anti-Bullying Day is different in different countries. In many places, it’s on 4 May (United Nations Anti-Bullying Day). In the UK, Anti-Bullying Week takes place every November. Every day of the year, it’s important to stand up against bullying. What exactly is bullying? Often bullying happens when one person has more power than the other person—perhaps they’re bigger or older, or they have more friends. When someone uses their power to hurt another person on purpose, especially more than once, that’s bullying. Bullying can be with words (saying mean things) or it can be physical (hitting, pushing or taking someone’s things). Leaving someone out of a group or ignoring (忽视) them again and again is also bullying. How can we stand up against bullying? If someone is bullying you, you could ignore them, tell them to stop or walk away. Pretend that you don’t care and try to look confident, even if you don’t feel it. Tell a friend or a classmate what’s happening and ask them to help you; or talk to your parents, a teacher or another adult you trust. If you see someone else being bullied, never join in with the bullying or laugh at it. That will make it worse. Instead, be an “upstander”—help and support the person who is being bullied. Tell a trusted adult about the bullying. If we all stand up against bullying, we can make it stop. 1．What is the main purpose of Anti-Bullying Day? A．To remind children to be kind. B．To organize special activities at school. C．To discuss bullying and the prevention measures. D．To encourage children to take part in activities online. 2．In the UK, when is Anti-Bullying Week held? A．In November. B．On May 4. C．Each week. D．Every day. 3．Which of the following is a form of bullying? A．Invite someone to join a group. B．Say unkind words to others once. C．Hurt the other person by accident. D．Push someone on purpose repeatedly. 4．What should you do if you see someone being bullied? A．Stand by and do nothing. B．Report it to a trusted adult. C．Walk away or ignore them. D．Join in and support the bully. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The History of Anti-Bullying Day B．The Importance of Anti-Bullying Day C．Anti-Bullying Day: Different Dates and Celebrations D．Anti-Bullying Day: Raising Awareness and Taking Action. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了反霸凌日和霸凌以及应对霸凌的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Anti-Bullying Day is a special day when people talk about bullying and what we can do to stop it.”可知，反霸凌日的主要目的是讨论霸凌和预防措施。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the UK, Anti-Bullying Week takes place every November.”可知，在英国，反霸凌周在每年的11月举行。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“When someone uses their power to hurt another person on purpose, especially more than once, that’s bullying.”以及“Bullying can be with words (saying mean things) or it can be physical (hitting, pushing or taking someone’s things). Leaving someone out of a group or ignoring (忽视) them again and again is also bullying.”可知，霸凌通常涉及一个人故意利用自己的力量伤害另一个人，尤其是多次这样做，霸凌有各种不同的形式，选项D“反复故意推搡某人”符合霸凌行为。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“If you see someone else being bullied, never join in with the bullying or laugh at it. That will make it worse. Instead, be an ‘upstander’—help and support the person who is being bullied. Tell a trusted adult about the bullying.”可知，如果你看到有人被霸凌，你可以告诉一个信任的成年人。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了反霸凌日是什么，目的是提高人们对霸凌的认识，还介绍了霸凌的定义以及如何应对霸凌，也就是采取行动来对抗霸凌，选项D“反霸凌日：提高意识并采取行动”能很好地概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选D。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Problems and advice人与社会：问题与建议 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 228 讲述了中国扶贫基金会启动了一项名为“替代妈妈”的计划，旨在解决留守儿童问题。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 222 介绍了中国为应对青少年网络游戏成瘾问题而出台的新规定，以及这些规定可能面临的挑战和应对措施。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 273 主要讲述了垃圾食品的定义、危害以及青少年容易接触垃圾食品的原因，并提出了父母应帮助孩子养成健康饮食习惯的建议。 Passage B 阅读还原 说明文 259 本文主要是给出一些关于解决拖延的建议。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 说明文 194 主要讲述了网络交友对学生的危害，并建议学生们要有网络安全意识，真实生活的交往更有助于学生的发展。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 292 讲述了Sarah和Alex明白了有些秘密应该只保留在亲密朋友之间，分享秘密可能导致误解和不必要的关注，同时也认识到了信任和诚实对友谊的重要性。 Passage C 阅读理解 应用文 252 本文主要介绍了一些国家的学生对长相的看法。 Passage D 阅读理解 说明文 295 介绍了反霸凌日和霸凌以及应对霸凌的方法。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。 2.It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 3.Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 4.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 5.An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 预防胜于治疗。 6.When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 7.All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难。 8.God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 9.Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。 10.Look before you leap. 三思而后行。 时文阅读 Passage A（中国扶贫基金会启动“替代妈妈”的计划） The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation (中国扶贫基金会) has started a program to hire and train 100 local women as substitute mothers (替代妈妈) to take care of left-behind children. The three-year program will select 100 villages across Sichuan Province and hire (雇佣) one woman for each village. “It is a model to solve the problem of left-behind children,” said Liu Wenkui, secretary of the foundation. The “substitute mothers” will do parents’ job, finding out what the children need and helping them with problems. Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. There will be a “children’s home” in each village to be the mother’s office and children’s playing space. Their job is to provide quick service and discover the children’s problems. The program hopes to hire women aged 19 to 55 years old from the villages. “We want to hire full-time ‘mothers’ to make sure they won’t think about other work,” Liu said. “We want local women because they understand local languages and cultures.” The program in Sichuan is an experiment, and Liu said, “If it is a successful model, we will start it in the whole country.” “If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional (过渡的) way to solve the problem,” he added. 1．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “left-behind” in paragraph 1? A．落后 B．遗弃 C．辍学 D．留守 2．How long will the program last? A．Three months. B．A year. C．Three years. D．Ten years. 3．Who is possible to be a substitute mother? A．A girl at the age of 18. B．A woman with a part-time job. C．A man from the local village. D．A woman who knows local language. 4．Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．A substitute mother plays a role of parents. B．Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. C．Each village will have a “children’s home”. D．The children’s parents will pay for the substitute mother. 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation has started a program to hire and train 100 local women as substitute mothers to take care of left-behind children. 译文：中国扶贫基金会启动了一项计划，雇佣并培训 100 名当地女性作为 “替代妈妈”，照顾留守儿童。 分析： 主语（Subject）：The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation（中国扶贫基金会，专有名词短语作主语） 谓语（Predicate）：has started（现在完成时，动词短语作谓语） 宾语（Object）：a program（不定冠词 + 名词，作宾语） 目的状语（Adverbial of Purpose）： ① to hire and train 100 local women（不定式短语，说明 “启动计划” 的目的）； ② as substitute mothers（介词短语，补充说明 “雇佣并培训女性” 的身份）； ③ to take care of left-behind children（不定式短语，进一步说明 “替代妈妈” 的职责，与前两个状语构成递进关系）。 长难句解析 原句：（第 4 段第 1 句）If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional way to solve the problem. 译文：如果父母被迫离家谋生，无法带孩子一同前往，我们正在寻找一种过渡性的方法来解决这个问题。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。 条件状语从句（Conditional Clause）：If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them 主句（Main Clause）：we are looking for a transitional way to solve the problem 译文 中国扶贫基金会启动了一项计划，雇佣并培训 100 名当地女性作为 “替代妈妈”，照顾留守儿童。这项为期三年的计划将在四川省挑选 100 个村庄，每个村庄雇佣一名女性。 “这是解决留守儿童问题的一种模式，” 该基金会秘书长刘文奎表示。“替代妈妈” 将承担父母的职责，了解孩子们的需求并帮助他们解决问题。每位 “替代妈妈” 将照顾约 300 至 500 名儿童。每个村庄都将设有一个 “儿童之家”，作为 “妈妈” 的办公地点和孩子们的活动空间。她们的工作是提供快捷服务并发现孩子们的问题。 该计划希望从村庄中雇佣 19 至 55 岁的女性。“我们希望雇佣全职‘妈妈’，以确保她们不会分心去做其他工作，” 刘文奎说，“我们希望雇佣当地女性，因为她们了解当地的语言和文化。” 四川的这项计划是一次试验，刘文奎表示：“如果这是一种成功的模式，我们将在全国推广。” 他补充道：“如果父母被迫离家谋生，无法带孩子一同前往，我们正在寻找一种过渡性的方法来解决这个问题。” Passage B(国家出台关于游戏的新规定) Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time, with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations. Specifically, they can only play between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Saturdays, Sundays, and public holidays. This move aims to protect the mental and physical well-being of young Chinese, as video game addiction has become a pressing issue. Gaming companies have to make sure real-name registration (注册) is carried out and get checked more often by the government. Video game addiction has become a significant issue among the younger generation in China. Recently, an article in a government-connected newspaper has criticized video games as “spiritual opium (精神鸦片)”. In terms of this, some major gaming companies such as Tencent and NetEase, although facing a decrease in their stock prices, have expressed their support for these new measures. These measures aim to solve the growing problem of game addiction and promote a healthier lifestyle for children. However, the gaming companies might not be able to control their young customers. Some children have been reported to use their older family members’ identities or even pay to use adult strangers’ identities to extend their gaming time. This emphasizes the need for both stricter supervision and education to help children understand the importance of controlled gaming time. 1．What time can Chinese teenagers play online games under the new regulations? A．Any time after 8 p.m. on weekends and public holidays. B．Throughout the night time on weekdays and weekends. C．From 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. on working days and weekends. D．Between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. on weekends and public holidays. 2．Which of the following statements about the new measures is TRUE? A．They are set to decrease the stock prices of most of the gaming companies. B．They are against by the gaming companies including Tencent and NetEase. C．They are made to stop game addiction and help children have a better lifestyle. D．They have been criticized by a government-connected newspaper as “spiritual opium”. 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The difficulty in controlling young customers’ gaming time. B．The increasing popularity of gaming among young people. C．The need for gaming companies to develop more games for children. D．The importance of family members monitoring children’s gaming time. 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards the current situation? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Concerned. 5．Where is the passage likely from? A．A fairy tale. B．A news journal. C．A game review. D．A science magazine. 长难句解析 原句：（第 1 段第 1 句）Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time, with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations. 译文： 18 岁以下中国儿童现在将面临严格的网络游戏时间限制，根据新规定，平均每周仅允许 3 小时。 分析：主句：Chinese children under 18 will now face strict limitations on their online gaming time（主语：Chinese children under 18；谓语：will face；宾语：strict limitations；定语：on their online gaming time）。 伴随状语：with an average of just three hours per week allowed under new regulations（with + 复合结构，其中 “allowed under new regulations” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “three hours per week”）。 译文 18 岁以下中国儿童现在将面临严格的网络游戏时间限制，根据新规定，平均每周仅允许 3 小时。具体来说，他们只能在周六、周日和公共假期的晚上 8 点至 9 点之间玩游戏。此举旨在保护中国青少年的身心健康，因为电子游戏成瘾已成为一个紧迫的问题。游戏公司必须确保执行实名认证，并接受政府更频繁的检查。 电子游戏成瘾已成为中国年轻一代中的一个重要问题。最近，一家政府关联报纸的文章将电子游戏批评为 “精神鸦片”。对此，腾讯、网易等一些主要游戏公司尽管股价下跌，但仍表示支持这些新措施。这些措施旨在解决日益严重的游戏成瘾问题，促进儿童更健康的生活方式。 然而，游戏公司可能无法完全控制年轻用户。据报道，一些儿童使用家中长辈的身份，甚至付费使用陌生成年人的身份来延长游戏时间。这强调了既需要更严格的监管，也需要通过教育帮助儿童理解控制游戏时间的重要性。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage A （2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）Junk food is any unhealthy food that is high in fat, sugar and calories, but low in nutrition (营养), such as French fries, hamburgers, chips and colas. Such foods are often tasty, quick and convenient. When teens come home from school, the first thing is mostly to unwind by sitting in front of the TV with a big bag of chips and a can of cola or any other sugar- filled drinks. They have unknowingly walked into the world of junk food, not realizing the danger. According to the research, teenagers who often have junk food may have serious metabolic diseases (新陈代谢疾病) in the future, overweight being one of them. So avoiding junk food is a must for them. The study has also found compared with adults, teenagers today are more likely to eat junk food. Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook, teenagers are introduced to fast food at a young age, which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance of eating food for nutrition. Besides, everything is available so easily online, especially ordering junk food, which makes it a lot easier for them to live a not so healthy life. Once teenagers get the delicious taste of junk food, they are likely to keep on having it more often than home-made dishes. ___________ It all starts with parents. They should create an environment that helps protect their children’s health and also develop their right eating habits. These habits will turn into a healthy lifestyle, which in turn will help them in the long run to be better adults. 1．What do we know about junk food according to the passage? A．It is high in nutrition. B．It is low in fat, sugar and calories. C．It is often delicious and convenient. D．It includes fried chicken, ice-cream and dumplings. 2．What does the underlined word “unwind” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Play. B．Relax. C．Wait. D．Learn. 3．How many reasons why teenagers prefer junk food are mentioned in paragraph 3? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 4．Which sentence can be put in ________? A．What can teenagers do to keep healthy? B．What harm could junk food bring to teenagers? C．Why should parents stop giving them junk food? D．What can be done to keep teenagers away from junk food? 5．What can we learn from this passage? A．Teenagers go into the world of junk food by accident. B．Teenagers who often eat junk food must have serious diseases. C．Teenagers should firstly take action to change their eating habits. D．Eating junk food is a must for teenagers because of their busy parents. 长难句解析 原句：（第 3 段第 2 句）Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook, teenagers are introduced to fast food at a young age, which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance of eating food for nutrition. 译文： 由于许多父母忙于工作且无暇做饭，青少年从小就接触快餐，这使得他们难以意识到为营养而进食的重要性。 分析： 主句：teenagers are introduced to fast food at a young age...（被动语态主句，介词短语 at a young age 作时间状语）。 原因状语从句：Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook（引导词：Since；主语：parents；谓语：are busy 和 have，并列结构）。 非限制性定语从句：which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance of eating food for nutrition（关系代词 which 指代前文 “青少年接触快餐” 这一现象；形式宾语 it 替代不定式短语 to realize...）。 译文 垃圾食品是指任何高脂肪、高糖、高卡路里但低营养的不健康食品，如薯条、汉堡、薯片和可乐。这类食物通常美味、快捷且方便。 当青少年放学回家时，他们做的第一件事大多是坐在电视机前，拿着一大包薯片和一罐可乐或其他含糖饮料放松。他们不知不觉走进了垃圾食品的世界，却没有意识到其中的危险。研究表明，经常食用垃圾食品的青少年未来可能患严重的代谢疾病（如超重）。因此，避免垃圾食品对他们来说是必须的。 研究还发现，与成年人相比，如今的青少年更有可能食用垃圾食品。由于许多父母忙于工作且无暇做饭，青少年从小就接触快餐，这使得他们难以意识到为营养而进食的重要性。此外，一切东西在网上都很容易买到，尤其是订购垃圾食品，这让他们更容易过上不太健康的生活。一旦青少年尝到垃圾食品的美味，他们就更可能频繁食用它，而非家常饭菜。 ** 如何让青少年远离垃圾食品呢？** 这一切始于父母。他们应该创造一个有助于保护孩子健康的环境，并培养孩子正确的饮食习惯。这些习惯将转化为健康的生活方式，长远来看也将帮助他们成长为更优秀的成年人。 Passage B （2025·河南·中考真题）Putting things off is something a lot of students are troubled with. Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries, there are too many things you have to deal with every day. 1 You might start falling behind and your grades might get lower. One smart way to fight back is to break big tasks into tiny pieces. Huge projects can feel like a mountain. But if you cut them into smaller steps, it will make it less scary (可怕的). 2 Just tell yourself, “Today, I’ll choose my topic and write a little. I’ll take care of more tomorrow.” step by step, it gets done. The “work and rest” way is also a smart choice for being productive. Set a timer for 25 minutes-go all in, full attention. 3 Have some cookies. Walk around. Once you get going, it’s easier to keep it up. 4 Put away your MP3 player and any kind of toys. Find a quiet place where you won’t get interrupted (打扰) at all. The less noise, the better your brain can lock in. And don’t forget to treat yourself. For example, listen to your favorite song, or watch an interesting TV program. These little things keep you going. 5 Finally, you are sure to see the payoff. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Then take a five-minute break. B．Also, stay away from what pulls your attention. C．For example, you’ve got to write a five-page paper. D．But if you keep putting them off, they can snowball. E．Change doesn’t happen overnight, so stick to it every day. 长难句解析 原句：（第1 段第 2 句）：Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries, there are too many things you have to deal with every day. 译文：在学业、课外活动和日常烦恼之间，每天你有太多必须处理的事情。 分析： 1. 状语：Between schoolwork, after-school activities and everyday worries（介词短语作状语，列举了三个范围，说明 “在…… 之中”）。 2. 主句：there are too many things（there be 句型，是句子的主干，意为 “有太多事情”）。 3. 定语从句：you have to deal with every day（省略了关系代词 that 的定语从句，修饰先行词 things；从句中，主语是 you，谓语是 have to deal with，every day 是时间状语）。 译文 拖延是许多学生困扰的问题。在课业、课外活动和日常琐事之间，每天需要处理的事情实在太多了。 但如果你一直拖延，它们会像滚雪球一样越积越多。 你可能会开始落后，成绩也可能下降。 对抗拖延的一个聪明办法是把大任务分解成小块。巨大的项目感觉像一座山，但如果你把它们切成更小的步骤，就不会那么可怕了。 例如，你需要写一篇五页的论文。 告诉自己：“今天，我选择主题并写一点，明天再处理更多。” 一步一步，事情就完成了。 “劳逸结合” 也是提高效率的明智选择。设置一个 25 分钟的计时器 —— 全神贯注投入工作。 然后休息五分钟。 吃些饼干，四处走走。一旦开始，就更容易坚持下去。 同时，远离分散你注意力的事物。 收起 MP3 播放器和各种玩具，找一个完全不会被打扰的安静地方。噪音越少，大脑越能专注。 别忘了奖励自己。例如，听你最喜欢的歌，或看一个有趣的电视节目。这些小事让你坚持下去。 改变不是一蹴而就的，所以每天都要坚持。 最终，你一定会看到回报。 模拟演练 Passage A   To many students, joining social media circles is now more important than making new friends in 1 life.    And it’s easy. If you have a smart phone, you can download apps such as Sina Weibo, WeChat and QQ.    “I love to check what my friends have updated. I also 2 news and humor shared on social media.” said Zhang Wei, a middle school student from Shenzhen. Because of enjoying these, Zhang keeps a 3 from real life. “I love playing games on WeChat, but I have 4 interest in playing chess with my classmates.”    Deng Yu, a student from Shanghai, said social media had influenced students’ life. 5 his school held a basketball match, and a student hurt his leg. Instead of giving him 6 , students were busy with 7 WeChat moments（朋友圈） about the accident. “I think they need to balance their real and 8 lives.” said Deng.     What makes parents and teachers worry is safety. Many students are happy to tell their interest and personal information to their social media “friends”. Such information 9 bring them danger. Police warn about the danger of sharing their living 10 by using the locating（定位）function. 1．A．happy B．real C．true D．fake 2．A．present B．lose C．enjoy D．order 3．A．dislike B．distance C．disability D．disagreement 4．A．more B．most C．no D．a little 5．A．Luckily B．Happily C．Sadly D．Recently 6．A．help B．medicine C．ambulance D．doctor 7．A．having B．receiving C．updating D．reading 8．A．online B．social C．secret D．living 9．A．must B．should C．may D．ought to 10．A．town B．city C．country D．area Passage B （2025·广东广州·二模）Sarah and her best friend, Alex, loved exploring the forest near their neighborhood. One day, while they were exploring through the woods, Sarah stepped upon a shiny rock hidden under a pile of leaves. Excitedly, she said to Alex. “Look at what I found! It looks like a valuable diamond. Promise not to tell anyone! It’s just a secret between you and me.” Alex nodded, agreeing to keep it a secret. Later that afternoon, Sarah and Alex met their friend, Emily, in the neighborhood. Unable to control her excitement, Alex told Emily about the treasure Sarah had found. Emily was very curious and wanted to see it, but Sarah stopped them, reminding Alex of their promise. However, Emily’s younger brother, Jack, happened to hear their conversation and spread the news to everyone in the neighborhood. Soon, Sarah’s neighbors began to come to her house, hoping to have a look at the mysterious treasure. They knocked on Sarah’s door one by one, each asking if they could see it. Sarah and Alex were taken aback by all the attention and didn’t know how to deal with the situation. As the neighbors crowded around, Sarah’s mom came out to see what was happening. She gently told the neighbors that the rock they wanted to see was not as special as they thought. It was just a common rock Sarah had found in the forest. The neighbors were understanding and soon left with smiles on their faces. Sarah and Alex learned that some secrets should only be kept between close friends. Sharing secrets with everyone can lead to misunderstandings and unwanted attention. They also realized the importance of trust and honesty in friendship, promising to keep each other’s secrets safe in the future. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the story? A．Sarah found a valuable diamond in the forest. B．Sarah’s neighbors believed what Sarah’s mom said. C．Alex was too excited to tell Emily about the treasure. D．Emily told her brother about the treasure Sarah had found. 2．What does the underlined word “taken aback” in paragraph 3 mean? A．scared B．angry C．surprised D．calm 3．Which of the following shows the correct order of the story? ①Jack heard their talk and told everyone. ②Sarah found a shiny stone in the forest. ③Alex promised Sarah to keep it secret. ④Sarah’s mom said the stone was just normal. ⑤Alex told Emily about the stone Sarah found. ⑥Neighbors came to Sarah’s house one after another. A．②③⑥①④⑤ B．②③⑤①⑥④ C．⑤①⑥②③④ D．⑤①⑥③②④ 4．What is the main lesson of the story? A．It’s important to explore the forest carefully. B．One should never share secrets with friends. C．Neighbors are always curious about others’ discoveries. D．Secrets should sometimes be kept private, and trust is the key in friendship. Passage C （24-25九年级上·广东广州·期末） Questions: Do students in your country worry about how they look? What makes them feel this way? View (199) Reply (39) Like (200) Aug4 Answers: Ai Akasaki 16, Japan Many Japanese high school students feel worried about how they look. Unlike people in western countries, people are usually shy and quiet in Japan. This makes students less confident and stop them from showing who they are. For example, sometimes they wear masks because of allergic reactions (过敏症状) in spring. However, even in other seasons, many of my classmates still keep their masks on. They feel nervous about showing their faces.                                Grace Patterson 13, Australia At my school, not many people worry about how they look. In Australia, we have people from many different cultures, so there are many different ideas about beauty and style. People won’t stop being your friend just because of how you look. In Australia, schools let students truly be themselves, and people care more about your personality than your appearance. They even dislike to follow their favourite singers. Luna Serrano 14, Mexico Many students in Mexico feel nervous about how they look. For example, I’ve seen classmates get anxious when they get pimples (青春痘) on their faces. These worries are common among teenagers as our bodies change and grow. Although these worries can be hard to get through, it helps you know yourself better and feel happier. Focus on what you’re good at. Remember, nobody is perfect, and it’s OK to look different.                                                     1．Why did Zhang post the questions on her blog? A．She wants to share her personal experience. B．She wants to make new friends from all over the world. C．She wants to ask her teachers some questions about looks. D．She wants to know how other teenagers think about looks. 2．Why do Japanese students worry about their looks? A．They easily become fat. B．They are shy and not confident. C．They usually get pimples on their faces. D．They want to look the same as super stars. 3．What do Australian students mostly agree with? A．Kindness is more important than looks. B．Schools should teach students how to look good. C．Beauty matters a lot in Australia. D．Good-looking people can be true friends. 4．Who may share similar worries about their appearance? A．Students from Mexico and Japan. B．Students from Japan and Australia. C．Students from China and Australia. D．Students from Australia and Mexico. Passage D What’s Anti-Bullying Day (反霸凌日)? Anti-Bullying Day is a special day when people talk about bullying and what we can do to stop it. A lot of children take part in activities at school and online, to learn about what bullying means and what we can do if we see it happening. When is Anti-Bullying Day? The date of Anti-Bullying Day is different in different countries. In many places, it’s on 4 May (United Nations Anti-Bullying Day). In the UK, Anti-Bullying Week takes place every November. Every day of the year, it’s important to stand up against bullying. What exactly is bullying? Often bullying happens when one person has more power than the other person—perhaps they’re bigger or older, or they have more friends. When someone uses their power to hurt another person on purpose, especially more than once, that’s bullying. Bullying can be with words (saying mean things) or it can be physical (hitting, pushing or taking someone’s things). Leaving someone out of a group or ignoring (忽视) them again and again is also bullying. How can we stand up against bullying? If someone is bullying you, you could ignore them, tell them to stop or walk away. Pretend that you don’t care and try to look confident, even if you don’t feel it. Tell a friend or a classmate what’s happening and ask them to help you; or talk to your parents, a teacher or another adult you trust. If you see someone else being bullied, never join in with the bullying or laugh at it. That will make it worse. Instead, be an “upstander”—help and support the person who is being bullied. Tell a trusted adult about the bullying. If we all stand up against bullying, we can make it stop. 1．What is the main purpose of Anti-Bullying Day? A．To remind children to be kind. B．To organize special activities at school. C．To discuss bullying and the prevention measures. D．To encourage children to take part in activities online. 2．In the UK, when is Anti-Bullying Week held? A．In November. B．On May 4. C．Each week. D．Every day. 3．Which of the following is a form of bullying? A．Invite someone to join a group. B．Say unkind words to others once. C．Hurt the other person by accident. D．Push someone on purpose repeatedly. 4．What should you do if you see someone being bullied? A．Stand by and do nothing. B．Report it to a trusted adult. C．Walk away or ignore them. D．Join in and support the bully. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The History of Anti-Bullying Day B．The Importance of Anti-Bullying Day C．Anti-Bullying Day: Different Dates and Celebrations D．Anti-Bullying Day: Raising Awareness and Taking Action. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$