Unit 4 The Earth（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版2024七年级上册

Unit 4 The Earth 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 系统 v. 消失；不见 n. 档案 n. 塑料 adj. 令人大为惊奇的 n. 污染 n. 行星 v. 保护 num. 十亿 n. 化学制品 v. 盖；覆盖 n. 地下水 n. 地区；地域 v. 燃烧；烧 adj. 极冷的 n. 石油；原油 n. 北；北方 n. 天然气 n. （行星的）极，地级 adj. 有害的 n. 沙漠；荒漠 n. 网站 n. 米 adj. 自己的；本人的 v. 足够达到 n. 皇帝 n. 谷粒 v. 打猎 adj. 宽的；宽阔的 n. 战争 n. 鲸 n. 沙暴 n. 蝴蝶 n. 解决办法 v. 提供；供应 v. 刮；吹 v. 探索 n. （统称）一代人 短语 太阳系 提供；供应；给予 事实档案 塑料污染 被覆盖 砍倒 据我们所知 数以百计 海平面 吹走 更重要的是 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. north——__________（adj.）北方的 2. wide——__________（n.）宽度 3. pollution——__________（v.）污染 4. protect——__________（n.）保护 5. chemical——__________（n.）化学 6. harmful——__________（v.）伤害，损害 7. own——__________（n.）拥有者，主人 8. hunt——__________（n.）猎人 9. solution——__________(v.）解决 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. The country is going to set up a manned space station to ________ more space. A. explore B. reach C. provide D. protect 2. There ________ some fruit and sweets on the table. Help yourself! A. are B. is C. have D. has 3. Yuan Longping was great because he helped people ________ the food problem. A. make B. find C. solve D. harm 4. The Sahara is the biggest __________ in the world. A. desert B. land C. ground D. area 5. There is going to ________ a new shopping mall near the park next year. A. is B. be C. has D. are 6. There ________ some shops and a post office near my home. A. has B. have C. are D. is 7. The Earth provides us _________ air, water and food. It is our home. A. to B. for C. with D. by 8. Leave a bucket (桶) of water outside in the _________ weather, and it will soon turn to ice. A. amazing B. freezing C. caring D. interesting 9. Wow, I can see ___________ stars in the sky. How amazing it is! A. million B. millions of C. two millions D. two millions of 10. Water ________ 75% of the Earth. A. pollutes B. covers C. protects D. reaches 11. If we don’t protect the forest, it will turn into a ________. A. planet B. area C. desert D. pollution 12. There ________ good news on CCTV-5. Zheng Qinwen wins again in the tennis match! A. is B. are C. am D. be 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. The Earth (提供) us with air, water and food. 2. My hobby is reading. I never play online games on the (网站). 3. There is a (一代人) gap (隔阂) between my parents and I. 4. There are (沙尘暴) in spring in some north parts of China. 5. My father helped me find the (解决方法) to getting on well with my classmates. 6. All the people in the world love peace and hate (战争). 7. Do you know who is the last (皇帝)? 8. The (鲸鱼) are in danger. We should try to protect them. 9. Girls in a junior school need to run 800 (米) in about four minutes. 10. That boy has a small nose and a (宽的) mouth. 11. Camels can live for about a week without water in the (沙漠). 五、完成句子 1. 狗通常都对主人很忠诚。更重要的是，他们会保护主人。 Dogs are usually very faithful to its owner. , they can protect their owners. 2. 据我们所知，地球是唯一有生命的行星。 , the earth is the only planet with life on it. 3. 数以百计的老师参加了这次会议。 There were teachers attending this meeting. 4. 他们可以给我们提供鸡蛋和鸡肉。 They can us eggs and meat. 5. 昨天强风把我的伞吹走了。 The strong wind my umbrella yesterday. 6. 选择对的方向和努力同样重要。 Choosing the right direction is working hard. 7. 我们应该学会掌控我们自己的情绪。 We should learn to be in control of emotions. 8. 由于人们砍伐太多树木，一些动物没有足够的食物吃。 Because people too many trees, some animals don’t have enough food to eat. 9. 不要为我担心。我会照顾我自己的。 Don’t worry about me. I can myself. 词汇语境练-语篇 六、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） improve, be, help, have, an, they, minute, real, provide, good Are you looking for ways to spend Earth Day on 22nd April? Here 1 some fun things you can do. First, instead of taking a bus or car, walk more often. If your home is too far, ride a bike. Second, spending time in nature is 2 easy and fun way to spend Earth Day! You can enjoy great outdoor activities like 3 a beach day with your friends. Third, pick up rubbish in the parks. Taking a moment to pick up any rubbish you see as you’re out is 4 useful. Fourth, you can sell used things. Some old things of yours can still be 5 to other people. And if you have old clothes, old books, or other old things, why not give 6 to other people? Last, plant a tree. Planting a tree only needs a few 7 , but it can be good for the environment for many years. Trees are important because they help fight pollution. Besides, they 8 wildlife (野生动植物) with homes. See if there is a tree­planting activity and join in it. Find the best place to meet (满足) the tree’s needs, and dig a hole to water the tree 9 to give it a good start. Earth Day can be every day! Just do one small thing every day to help 10 the environment. It doesn’t have to be something unusual. Small changes of yours will make a difference. 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The world is developing faster and faster, but the resources (资源) on Earth 1 (get) fewer and fewer. In order to protect 2 (they), we must do something. Save water. Water is the source of life. No water, no life. The lack (缺乏) of water has become one of the biggest 3 (problem) in the world, so it’s very important for us 4 (save) it. We should not only protect our drinking water 5 also make full use of it. Save electricity (电). Electricity is so important 6 it’s hard to imagine life without it. Everyone should do his or her best to save electricity. We should never forget 7 (turn) off the lights or other electric machines when we don’t use them. Save trees. Trees are 8 (real) helpful. They play 9 important role in our life. Please stop 10 (cut) them down and try to plant more trees so that we can make our world a green one to live in. $$Unit 4 The Earth 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 system n. 系统 disappear v. 消失；不见 file n. 档案 plastic n. 塑料 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的 pollution n. 污染 planet n. 行星 protect v. 保护 billion num. 十亿 chemical n. 化学制品 cover v. 盖；覆盖 groundwater n. 地下水 area n. 地区；地域 burn v. 燃烧；烧 freezing adj. 极冷的 oil n. 石油；原油 north n. 北；北方 gas n. 天然气 pole n. （行星的）极，地级 harmful adj. 有害的 desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 website n. 网站 meter n. 米 own adj. 自己的；本人的 reach v. 足够达到 emperor n. 皇帝 grain n. 谷粒 hunt v. 打猎 wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的 war n. 战争 whale n. 鲸 sandstorm n. 沙暴 butterfly n. 蝴蝶 solution n. 解决办法 provide v. 提供；供应 blow v. 刮；吹 explore v. 探索 generation n. （统称）一代人 短语 solar system 太阳系 provide …with 提供；供应；给予 fact file 事实档案 plastic pollution 塑料污染 be covered by 被覆盖 cut down 砍倒 as far as we know 据我们所知 hundreds of 数以百计 sea level 海平面 blow away 吹走 what’s more 更重要的是 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. north——__________（adj.）北方的 2. wide——__________（n.）宽度 3. pollution——__________（v.）污染 4. protect——__________（n.）保护 5. chemical——__________（n.）化学 6. harmful——__________（v.）伤害，损害 7. own——__________（n.）拥有者，主人 8. hunt——__________（n.）猎人 9. solution——__________(v.）解决 【答案】1. northern 2. width 3. pollute 4. protection 5. chemistry 6. harm 7. owner 8. hunter 9. solve 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. The country is going to set up a manned space station to ________ more space. A. explore B. reach C. provide D. protect 【详解】句意：国家将会建造人造太空站去探索更多的太空。 考查动词辨析。explore探索； reach达到； provide提供；protect保护。根据“The country is going to set up a manned space station”可知建造一个太空站，是为了探索太空，故选A。 2. There ________ some fruit and sweets on the table. Help yourself! A. are B. is C. have D. has 【详解】句意：桌子上有一些水果和糖果。请随意！ 考查there be结构。根据“There...some fruit and sweets”可知此处是there be结构，表示“有”，遵循就近原则，根据“some fruit”可知be动词用is。故选B。 3. Yuan Longping was great because he helped people ________ the food problem. A. make B. find C. solve D. harm 【详解】句意：袁隆平是伟大的，因为他帮助人们解决了食物问题。 考查动词辨析。make制造；find找到；solve解决；harm伤害。根据“helped people...the food problem”可知是指解决食物问题，故选C。 4. The Sahara is the biggest __________ in the world. A. desert B. land C. ground D. area 【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 考查名词辨析。desert沙漠；land陆地；ground土地；area地区。根据“The Sahara”可知，空处指“沙漠”。故选A。 5. There is going to ________ a new shopping mall near the park next year. A. is B. be C. has D. are 【详解】句意：明年公园附近将会有一个新的购物中心。 考查there be的一般将来时。根据“next year”可知，此句用一般将来时，there be的将来时为there is/are going to be或there will be。故选B。 6. There ________ some shops and a post office near my home. A. has B. have C. are D. is 【详解】句意：在我家附近有一些商店和一个邮局。 考查there be句型。根据“There...some shops and a post office near my home.”可知，本题描述存在，属于“There be”句型，不与have、has连用，故排除选项A和B；There be句型遵循就近原则，空后的“some shops”为复数。故选C。 7. The Earth provides us _________ air, water and food. It is our home. A. to B. for C. with D. by 【详解】句意：地球为我们提供空气、水和食物。它是我们的家。 考查介词辨析。to到；for给，为了；with用，有；by通过。provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”。故选C。 8. Leave a bucket (桶) of water outside in the _________ weather, and it will soon turn to ice. A. amazing B. freezing C. caring D. interesting 【详解】句意：在极冷的天气里，把一桶水放在外面，它很快就会变成冰。 考查形容词的辨析。amazing令人大为惊奇的；freezing极冷的；caring体贴的；interesting有趣的。根据“it will soon turn to ice.”可知是在极冷的天气。故选B。 9. Wow, I can see ___________ stars in the sky. How amazing it is! A. million B. millions of C. two millions D. two millions of 【详解】句意：哇，我能看到天空中千上万的星星。这是多么神奇啊！ 考查数词。million 百万；millions of成千上万的，无数的。当hundred/ thousand/million等词前有确切数字时，其后不加s，而且不和of连用，直接修饰名词复数，所以排除C、D选项；当hundred/ thousand/million等词前无确切数字时，其后要加s，而且和of连用，表示不确切的数目，所以排除A选项。故选B。 10. Water ________ 75% of the Earth. A. pollutes B. covers C. protects D. reaches 【详解】句意：水覆盖了地球的75%。 考查动词辨析。pollutes污染；covers覆盖；protects保护；reaches到达。根据“75% of the Earth”和常识可知，此处表达“水覆盖了地球的75%”。故选B。 11. If we don’t protect the forest, it will turn into a ________. A. planet B. area C. desert D. pollution 【详解】句意：如果我们不保护森林，它将变成一个沙漠。 考查名词辨析。planet行星；area区域；desert沙漠；pollution污染。根据常识可知，如果我们不保护森林，它们会被破坏，导致土地荒漠化，因此森林会变成沙漠，故选C。 12. There ________ good news on CCTV-5. Zheng Qinwen wins again in the tennis match! A. is B. are C. am D. be 【详解】句意：CCTV-5有好消息。郑钦文在网球比赛中再次获胜！ 考查主谓一致。is是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式；are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式；am是，be的第一人称单数现在式；be是，动词原形。根据“Zheng Qinwen wins again in the tennis match!”可知，时态为一般现在时；news“消息”，不可数名词，所以此处用is。故选A。 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. The Earth (提供) us with air, water and food. 2. My hobby is reading. I never play online games on the (网站). 3. There is a (一代人) gap (隔阂) between my parents and I. 4. There are (沙尘暴) in spring in some north parts of China. 5. My father helped me find the (解决方法) to getting on well with my classmates. 6. All the people in the world love peace and hate (战争). 7. Do you know who is the last (皇帝)? 8. The (鲸鱼) are in danger. We should try to protect them. 9. Girls in a junior school need to run 800 (米) in about four minutes. 10. That boy has a small nose and a (宽的) mouth. 11. Camels can live for about a week without water in the (沙漠). 【答案】1. provides 2. website 3. generation 4. sandstorms 5. solution 6. wars 7. emperor 8. whale 9. metres/meters 10. wide 11. desert 五、完成句子 1. 狗通常都对主人很忠诚。更重要的是，他们会保护主人。 Dogs are usually very faithful to its owner. , they can protect their owners. 2. 据我们所知，地球是唯一有生命的行星。 , the earth is the only planet with life on it. 3. 数以百计的老师参加了这次会议。 There were teachers attending this meeting. 4. 他们可以给我们提供鸡蛋和鸡肉。 They can us eggs and meat. 5. 昨天强风把我的伞吹走了。 The strong wind my umbrella yesterday. 6. 选择对的方向和努力同样重要。 Choosing the right direction is working hard. 7. 我们应该学会掌控我们自己的情绪。 We should learn to be in control of emotions. 8. 由于人们砍伐太多树木，一些动物没有足够的食物吃。 Because people too many trees, some animals don’t have enough food to eat. 9. 不要为我担心。我会照顾我自己的。 Don’t worry about me. I can myself. 【答案】1. What’s more 2. As far as we know 3. hundreds of 4. provide with 5. blew away 6. as important as 7. our own 8. cut down 9. take care of 词汇语境练-语篇 六、用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） improve, be, help, have, an, they, minute, real, provide, good Are you looking for ways to spend Earth Day on 22nd April? Here 1 some fun things you can do. First, instead of taking a bus or car, walk more often. If your home is too far, ride a bike. Second, spending time in nature is 2 easy and fun way to spend Earth Day! You can enjoy great outdoor activities like 3 a beach day with your friends. Third, pick up rubbish in the parks. Taking a moment to pick up any rubbish you see as you’re out is 4 useful. Fourth, you can sell used things. Some old things of yours can still be 5 to other people. And if you have old clothes, old books, or other old things, why not give 6 to other people? Last, plant a tree. Planting a tree only needs a few 7 , but it can be good for the environment for many years. Trees are important because they help fight pollution. Besides, they 8 wildlife (野生动植物) with homes. See if there is a tree­planting activity and join in it. Find the best place to meet (满足) the tree’s needs, and dig a hole to water the tree 9 to give it a good start. Earth Day can be every day! Just do one small thing every day to help 10 the environment. It doesn’t have to be something unusual. Small changes of yours will make a difference. 【答案】1. are 2. an 3. having 4. really 5. helpful 6. them 7. minutes 8. provide 9. well 10. improve 【导语】本文主要介绍了在4月22日度过地球日可以做的一些有趣的事情。 1. 句意：这里有一些你可以做的有趣的事情。根据“Here…some fun things you can do.”及备选词可知，本句是here be句型，some fun things是复数形式，时态为一般现在时，be动词应用are。故填are。 2. 句意：第二，在大自然中消磨时间是度过地球日的一种简单而有趣的方式！根据“spending time in nature is…easy and fun way to spend Earth Day!”及备选词可知，此处应用不定冠词表泛指“一种方式”，空格后的“easy”的读音是以元音音素开头的单词，an“一个”符合语境。故填an。 3. 句意：你可以享受很棒的户外活动，比如和朋友一起去海滩玩一天。根据“You can enjoy great outdoor activities like…a beach day with your friends.”及备选词可知，此处是指“有一个什么样的天”，动词have“有”符合语境，空前的like为介词，其后用动名词形式。故填having。 4. 句意：出去的时候花点时间捡起你看到的垃圾真的很有用。根据“Taking a moment to pick up any rubbish you see as you’re out is…useful.”及备选词可知，真的很有用，应用real的副词really“真地”修饰形容词。故填really。 5. 句意：你的一些旧东西仍然可以帮助其他人。根据“Some old things of yours can still be…to other people.”及备选词可知，可以帮助其他人，应用help的形容词形式helpful“有用的”作表语。故填helpful。 6. 句意：为什么不把它们给别人呢？根据“or other old things, why not give…to other people?”及备选词可知，把它们给别人，位于动词give后作宾语，应用they宾格形式them“他们”。故填them。 7. 句意：种树只需要几分钟。根据“Planting a tree only needs a few…,”及备选词可知，需要几分钟，空格前的a few，其后要跟可数名词的复数形式，minutes“分钟”符合语境。故填minutes。 8. 句意：此外，它们为野生动物提供了家园。根据“Besides, they…wildlife (野生动植物) with homes.”及备选词可知，为野生动物提供了家园，时态为一般现在时，主语they为复数，动词provide“提供”符合语境。故填provide。 9. 句意：找一个最适合树生长的地方，挖一个坑给树浇水，让它有一个好的开始。根据“and dig a hole to water the tree…to give it a good start.”及备选词可知，最适合树生长的地方，用good的副词形式well“好地”修饰动词water。故填well。 10. 句意：每天做一件小事来帮助改善环境。根据“Just do one small thing every day to help…the environment.”及备选词可知，帮助改善环境，此处为固定短语help do“帮助做”，动词improve“提高”符合语境。故填improve。 七、短文填空 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的词， 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 The world is developing faster and faster, but the resources (资源) on Earth 1 (get) fewer and fewer. In order to protect 2 (they), we must do something. Save water. Water is the source of life. No water, no life. The lack (缺乏) of water has become one of the biggest 3 (problem) in the world, so it’s very important for us 4 (save) it. We should not only protect our drinking water 5 also make full use of it. Save electricity (电). Electricity is so important 6 it’s hard to imagine life without it. Everyone should do his or her best to save electricity. We should never forget 7 (turn) off the lights or other electric machines when we don’t use them. Save trees. Trees are 8 (real) helpful. They play 9 important role in our life. Please stop 10 (cut) them down and try to plant more trees so that we can make our world a green one to live in. 【答案】1. are getting 2. them 3. problems 4. to save 5. but 6. that 7. to turn 8. really 9. an 10. cutting 【导语】本文主要讲述了为了保护地球上的资源我们应该采取的一些措施。 1. 句意：世界正在越来越快地发展，但地球上的资源越来越少。根据“The world is developing faster and faster”可知，句子时态用现在进行时am/is/are doing，主语the resources是复数，be用are。故填are getting。 2. 句意：为了保护它们，我们必须做一些事情。此处作动词protect的宾语，用宾格代词them。故填them。 3. 句意：缺水已成为世界上最大的问题之一，因此节约用水对我们来说非常重要。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，空处用名词复数形式。故填problems。 4. 句意：缺水已成为世界上最大的问题之一，因此节约用水对我们来说非常重要。it’s+形容词+for sb+to do sth“做某事对某人来说是怎么样的”，空处用不定式作主语。故填to save。 5. 句意：我们不仅要保护我们的饮用水，还要充分利用它。not only ... but also“不仅……而且……”，固定句型。故填but。 6. 句意：电是如此重要，以至于很难想象没有电的生活。此处是so ... that“如此……以至于”引导的结果状语从句。故填that。 7. 句意：我们永远不应该忘记在不使用它们时关灯或其他电器。forget to do sth“忘记要做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to turn。 8. 句意：树木真的很有帮助。此处修饰形容词helpful，用副词really“真地”。故填really。 9. 句意：它们在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。 play an important role in“在……中扮演重要角色”，important是元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。 10. 句意：请停止砍伐它们，尝试种植更多的树木，这样我们才能使我们的世界成为一个绿色的宜居世界。stop doing sth“停止做某事”，空处用动名词作宾语。故填cutting。 $$