卷5 Unit 4 Inventions综合检测卷-【初中上分卷】2025-2026学年新教材八年级上册英语图书配套课件（沪教版2024）

该初中英语课件是沪教版八年级上册Unit 4“发明”主题的综合检测卷，整合科技节海报、人物传记、发明介绍等多类型语篇，通过阅读理解、完形填空等题型，串联词汇、语法及主题知识，帮助学生构建“发明”主题的完整知识网络。 其亮点在于融入新考法题目如代词指代题、情感态度题，培养学生思维品质，结合顾方舟案例渗透文化意识，练习设计从细节理解到创造表达分层推进，书面表达鼓励发明描述提升语言能力，助力学生巩固知识，也为教师提供针对性复习支持。

英 语 八年级上册 沪教牛津版 1 2 卷5 Unit 4 综合检测卷 考查内容：Invention 3 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.阅读还原 Ⅲ.完形填空 Ⅳ.短文填空 Ⅴ.书面表达 目 录 鼠标轻轻一点，内容立即呈现 4 时间：60分钟 满分：100分 Ⅰ.阅读理解（共12小题，计36分） A 新素材│科技节海报 Welcome to the Science Festival! Are you interested in inventions? If so, please join in the 2025 Science Festival in our school. During the festival, you’re encouraged to bring and introduce your inventions to teachers and students. Of course you can also learn about interesting and useful inventions created by other students. What are you waiting for? Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 5 The theme of the 2025 Science Festival is “Inventions Make Our Life More Comfortable”. Schedule （日程表） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 6 Requirements: ◆Your invention needs to be created by yourself or your team. ◆Your invention should be useful in daily life. Prizes: Teachers and students will vote （投票） for their favourite inventions. The first prize will be a certificate （证书） and 100 yuan. The second prize will be a certificate and 50 yuan. Every inventor will receive a book as a special gift. Come and show your creativity! 【阅读A篇·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了学校科技节的相关信息。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 7 1.What is the festival mainly about？( ) D A.Art. B.Cooking. C.Sports. D.Inventions. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The theme of the 2025 Science Festival is ‘Inventions Make Our Life More Comfortable’.”可知选D项。 2.How long will the festival last？( ) B A.Three days. B.A week. C.Half a month. D.A month. 【解析】细节理解题。根据1st—7th April可知选B项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 8 3.Which of the following is TRUE？( ) C A.The winners must be voted by teachers. B.The festival will be held in the school playground. C.Students can apply to take part in the festival if they have inventions. D.The inventions should be useful and created only by the inventors alone. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Students who have invented something can apply to take part in the festival.”可知选C项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 9 4.新考法│文章出处题 Where can we probably read the text？( ) A A.On a school noticeboard. B.In a city guidebook. C.On a community website. D.In a diary. 【解析】文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了学校科技节的信息，最可能出 现在校内通知栏。故选A项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 10 B ［2025辽宁沈阳期中］Gu Fangzhou, a Chinese scientist, played an important role in getting rid of polio （脊髓灰质炎） in China. He is also known as “Grandpa of the Sugar Pill （糖丸爷爷）” because he developed a polio vaccine （疫苗） that can be eaten like sugar. In 1955, polio caused much trouble for children in China. As a young doctor, in 1957, Gu began researching polio with his team, and after successful animal tests, Gu even drank a small bottle of the vaccine to show that it was safe. However, there was still the challenge of making sure of the vaccine’s Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 11 safety for children under seven years old. To show the vaccine’s safety, Gu gave his own son, under a year old, the vaccine. Other researchers at the lab followed him, and their children also took part in the test. After a monthlong wait, the children showed no bad effects.They succeeded! In 1960, five million doses （剂） of the vaccine were produced and given out across China, successfully reducing polio. Gu’s invention of the sugar-coated vaccine allowed for easier transport （运输） and taking, making it more helpful to children. He said, “I have done only one thing in my life—I made a tiny sugar pill.” 【阅读B篇·语篇导读】本文介绍了顾方舟在消除中国脊髓灰质炎方面发挥的重要作用。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 5.Why is Gu Fangzhou called “Grandpa of the Sugar Pill”？ ( ) B A.Because he liked eating sugar pills. B.Because he developed a sugar-like polio vaccine. C.Because he sold sugar pills to help kids. D.Because he made sugar pills for kids. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，顾方舟被称为“糖丸爷爷”是因为 他研发出了一种可以像糖一样吃的脊髓灰质炎疫苗。故选B项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 13 6.What did Gu do to show the vaccine was safe for children under seven？ ( ) C A.He tested it on many animals. B.He drank the vaccine himself. C.He gave the vaccine to his own son. D.He asked other doctors’ children to take it. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句和第四句可知，为了证明疫苗对七岁以 下儿童是安全的，顾方舟给自己不到一岁的儿子接种了这种疫苗。故选C项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 14 7.新考法│代词指代题 What does the underlined word “They” refer to？ ( ) C A.The children with polio in China. B.The researchers’ children. C.Gu and his team. D.The polio vaccines. 【解析】代词指代题。根据第二段可知，顾方舟和实验室的其他研究人员让自己 的孩子参与了疫苗测试，一个月后孩子们没有出现不良反应，所以They指的是顾 方舟和他的团队。故选C项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 15 8.What’s the main idea of the passage？( ) B A.The history of polio in China. B.The development of a polio vaccine. C.Gu Fangzhou’s love for his son. D.The importance of scientific research. 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了顾方舟研发脊髓灰质炎疫苗。故选B项。 长难句分析 However, there was still the challenge of making sure of the vaccine’s safety for children under seven years old.然而，仍然存在着要确保该疫苗对七岁以下儿童的 安全性这个挑战。此句含there be 句型，the challenge是句子的主语，of making sure of the vaccine’s safety for children under seven years old修饰the challenge。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 16 C To invent something means to come up with a new idea and make it real. Many inventions have been created to solve real problems. Let’s take a look at some. Tomatan _________________________ In 2015, a juice company called Kagome made a robot backpack that canfeedarunneratomato while running. Family Bicycle ___________________________ In 1939, a man named Charles Steinlauf built a very strange bicycle. Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 17 The robot has a head that looks like a tomato, metal arms, and a box that holds six tomatoes. When the runner presses a key, the robot takes one tomato and brings it to the runner’s mouth. It has many seats. There is one seat at the front, one at the back with pedals （踏板）, one at the top with pedals and a wheel, and a lower seat that holds a small sewing machine （缝纫机）.The legs of the sewing machine help the bike stand well. This invention makes it possible for all family members to hang out and exercise together. Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 18 A Robot That Learns _______________________ In 2023, a company called Figure built an AI robot. Greenhouse Helmet （头盔） _____________________________ A clear helmet was made in 1985. Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 19 The robot can speak, follow orders, and learn new things. It is 1.7 metres tall and weighs 60 kg. It can work for about 5 hours at one time. The company hopes that these robots will help people work better. Inside the helmet are places where you can put plants. The plants give fresh air to the person who wears the helmet. The helmet also has a microphone so the wearer can talk with others. These inventions show how people think out of the box to find solutions. Whether the inventors succeed or not, they show their bravery and imagination. 【阅读C篇·语篇导读】本文介绍了几个不同的发明，这些发明都是为了解决实际 问题而创造的。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 20 9.Which invention was made to provide food？( ) A A.Tomatan. B.The family bicycle. C.A robot that learns. D.The greenhouse helmet. 【解析】细节理解题。根据a juice company called Kagome made a robot backpack that can feed a runner a tomato while running可知，Tomatan是为了提 供食物而发明的。故选A项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 21 10.Which family is most likely to buy the family bicycle？( ) C A.A 4-person family whose members enjoy reading. B.A 5-person family whose members practise bike riding. C.A 4-person family whose members love outdoor exercise. D.A 3-person family whose members need a sewing machine. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“This invention makes it possible for all family members to hang out and exercise together.”可知，这个自行车适合家庭成员一起 锻炼。结合“There is one seat… machine.”可知该车有4个座位。故选C项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 22 11. What’s special about the greenhouse helmet？( ) B A.It is made to keep safe. B.It has plants to give fresh air. C.It is made of new clear material. D.It has a microphone to sing songs with. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Inside the helmet are places where you can put plants.The plants give fresh air to the person who wears the helmet.”可知，这个 头盔的特殊之处在于它里面有植物，可以提供新鲜空气。故选B项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 23 12.新考法│情感态度题 What is the writer’s opinion on the inventions in the text？ ( ) D A.Neutral. B.Doubtful. C.Uncertain. D.Supportive. 【解析】情感态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者对这些发明持支持态度，故选D项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 24 Ⅱ.阅读还原（共4小题，计12分） ［2025辽宁沈阳模拟］The invention of barcodes （条形码） is based on a very simple idea. We only need to give each product a specific number and print A D it.13.___We could simply print the number itself. But this can cause problems. For example, an unclearly printed “seven” could look like a “one” to a computer. It’s also true for “three” and “eight”.14.___ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 25 We need a better way of printing numbers so that they can be read correctly at high speeds. That’s the problem barcodes solve. Each number in a barcode is shown by seven blocks of the same size. These are coloured either black or white to show the number zero to nine.15.___ A barcode includes different parts and each one provides a specific meaning. The first part of a barcode tells you the country where the product was made.16.___The final part is about the product itself. This is how barcodes work. E C Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 26 A.Then computers can read it directly. B.All information can be shown by barcodes. C.The next part tells you who produced the product. D.And “nine” looks similar to “six” if you turn it upside down. E.Even if you turn it upside down, it isn’t similar to any other number. 【阅读还原·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了条形码的相关知识。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 27 13.___ A 【解析】根据上一句可知，选项A（然后计算机可以直接读取。）符合语境。故选 A项。 14.___ D 【解析】根据上一句可知，此处在介绍仅打印数字容易存在数字混淆的问题，选 项D（如果你把它翻过来，“9”看起来和“6”很像。）符合语境。故选D项。 15.___ E 【解析】根据上文可知，条形码的应用解决了数字混淆的问题，选项E（即使你把 它颠倒过来，它也和其他任何数字都不一样。）符合语境。故选E项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 28 16.___ C 【解析】根据上文“The first part of a barcode tells you the country where the product was made.”以及下一句可知，此处在介绍条形码的各个部分，选项C （下一部分告诉你是谁生产了产品。）符合语境。故选C项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 29 Ⅲ.完形填空（共10小题，计20分） 新素材│旋转木马 的由来The merry-go-round moves, and its music fills the air. Riders on it feel quite . .17. . as their colourful horses go up and down and around. Merry-go-rounds have a . .18. . history. Around the 1400s soldiers in Europe liked playing a ball game on horseback. They had to throw and catch the . .19. . while their horses were moving. So the soldiers . .20. . a way to help practise for the game. Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 30 This invention was probably the first merry-go-round. It was . .21. . from modern merry-go-rounds. Some real . .22. . turned it as they moved in a circle. Years later, people began using merry-go- rounds for fun. By the 1800s, motors （发动机） took the place of horses. Then, merry-go-rounds began to be made in the US.Workers . .23. . the merry- go-round horses with bright colours. Some horses had flowers around their necks, . .24. . some had a wild look in their shiny glass eyes. No two horses were the same. Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 31 One of the oldest rides in the US is in Massachusetts （马萨诸塞州）.It’s called the Flying Horses. It was . .25. . around 1880.Riders on it can have some special fun. As it moves, riders try to catch rings from a post （杆） on the wall. The person who . .26. . the most rings is the winner. 【完形填空·语篇导读】短文主要讲述了旋转木马的历史和演变。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 32 17.( ) A.worried B.excited C.bored D.tired B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为:骑在上面的人感到非常兴奋……worried意为 “担心的”；excited意为“兴奋的”；bored意为“无聊的”；tired意为“累的”。根据as their colourful horses go up and down and around可知骑在上面的人感到非常兴 奋。故选B项。 18.( ) A.big B.strange C.quick D.long D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为:旋转木马有着悠久的历史。big意为“大的”； strange意为“陌生的”；quick意为“快的”；long意为“长的”。根据下一句可知旋转木 马有着悠久的历史，故选D项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 33 19.( ) A.pen B.stone C.ball D.balloon C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为:他们必须在马移动的时候抛球和接球。pen意为 “钢笔”；stone意为“石头”；ball意为“球”；balloon意为“气球”。根据上一句可知他 们必须在马移动的时候抛球和接球。故选C项。 20.( ) A.forgot B.invented C.decided D.stopped B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为:所以士兵们发明了一种方法来帮助练习游戏。 forget意为“忘记”；invent意为“发明”；decide意为“决定”；stop意为“停止”。根据上 一句可知士兵们发明了一种方法来帮助练习游戏。故选B项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 34 21.( ) A.serious B.usual C.wrong D.different D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为:它不同于现代的旋转木马。serious意为“严肃 的”；usual意为“寻常的”；wrong意为“错误的”；different意为“不同的”。be different from意为“和……不同”，为固定短语，符合语境。故选D项。 22.( ) A.horses B.men C.plants D.machines A 【解析】考查名词辨析。horse意为“马”；man意为“男人”；plant意为“植物”； machine意为“机器”。根据“Around the 1400s soldiers in Europe liked playing a ball game on horseback.”可知选A项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 35 23.( ) A.washed B.painted C.sold D.cut B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为:工人们把旋转木马涂上鲜艳的颜色。wash意为 “洗”；paint意为“涂上”；sell意为“卖”；cut意为“切”。根据bright colours可知，工 人们把旋转木马涂上鲜艳的颜色。故选B项。 24.( ) A.and B.so C.or D.because A 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意为:有些马脖子上戴着花，有些马闪亮的玻璃眼睛里 露出狂野的神情。and意为“并且”；so意为“所以”；or意为“或者”；because意为“因 为”。根据语境可知，设空前后是并列关系，故选A项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 36 上分提醒常用连词辨析 and意为“和；并且”，表示并列、顺承或递进关系，连接两个或多个同等成分。 or意为“或者；还是”，用于连接两个或多个表示选择关系的成分。 “both… and…”意为“……和……都”，连接两个并列的成分，表示两者都具有某种 性质或情况。 but意为“但是；然而”，表示转折关系，连接两个意思相反或相对的成分。 although/though意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，表明主句的情况在从句所 述情况存在的条件下仍然发生。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 37 because意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句，说明主句的动作或情况发生的原因。 so意为“所以；因此”，表示结果，连接两个具有因果关系的句子，前面的句子是 原因，后面的句子是结果。 since意为“既然；由于”，表示原因，语气比 because 弱，通常用于表示已知的原因。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 38 25.( ) A.controlled B.refused C.noticed D.produced D 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为:它生产于1880年左右。control意为“控制”；refuse 意为“拒绝”；notice意为“看到”；produce意为“生产”。根据上一句可知，此处指它 生产于1880年左右。故选D项。 26.( ) A.develops B.loses C.gets D.presses C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为:抓到最多环的人就是赢家。develop意为“发展”； lose意为“丢失”；get意为“得到”；press意为“压”。根据语境可知抓到最多环的人就 是赢家。故选C项。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 39 Ⅳ.短文填空（共10小题，计20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ［2025辽宁沈阳期中］Have you heard about movable-type printing? It is one of the greatest 27.__________（invention） in the history of human civilization. It originated in China during the Northern Song dynasty, thanks 28.___the creativity of Bi Sheng. Before this invention, block-printing was the main method. In block-printing, a whole page was carved on a single wooden block. Once a mistake was made, the entire block 29._____（have） to be redone, which was extremely inefficient. inventions to had Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 40 Bi Sheng came up with 30.___better solution. He made individual characters from clay. First, he shaped the clay into character forms, and then baked them 31.________they were hard. These hardened clay characters could be stored and sorted neatly for later use. When 32.________（print）, he arranged these clay characters in an iron frame according to the text. A special mixture was used to fix them in place. After applying ink and pressing paper on the characters, a printed page 33._____________（produce）.Once the printing was done, the characters could be easily taken apart and reused for other texts. a until/till printing was produced Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ This method had many advantages. It saved a great deal of time and materials. Correcting errors became much 34.______（easy）.If a wrong character was used, it could be replaced immediately. Movable-type printing 35._________（gradual） spread from China to other parts of the world. Even today, the basic thought of movable-type printing still 36.__________（influence） modern printing technologies. It stands as a remarkable symbol of human creativity. 【短文填空·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了活字印刷术。 easier gradually influences Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 27.__________ inventions 【解析】句意为:它是人类文明史上最伟大的发明之一。“one of+the+形容词最高 级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，故填inventions。 28.___ to 【解析】句意为:它起源于中国北宋时期，多亏了毕 的创造力。thanks to意为“多 亏了”，是固定搭配，符合语境。故填to。 29._____ had 【解析】句意为:一旦犯了错误，整个板块必须重做，这非常低效。根据was可知， 该句时态为一般过去时，故填had。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 43 30.___ a 【解析】句意为:毕昇想出了一个更好的解决办法。根据better solution可知，此处 泛指“一个更好的解决办法”，better的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 31.________ until/till 【解析】根据语境可知，此处用until/till引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。故 填until/till。 32.________ printing 【解析】句意为:在印刷时，他把这些黏土字根据文本排列在铁框里。print与he是 逻辑上的主谓关系，printing符合语境。故填printing。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 44 33._____________ was produced 【解析】主语为page，与谓语动词produce是被动关系，根据语境可知，时态是一 般过去时。主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was produced。 34.______ easier 【解析】句意为:改正错误变得容易得多。根据became much可知用形容词比较级。 故填easier。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 45 35._________ gradually 【解析】句意为:活字印刷逐渐从中国传播到世界其他地方。spread意为“传播”， 是动词，要用副词修饰。故填gradually。 36.__________ influences 【解析】句意为:甚至今天，活字印刷的基本思想仍然影响着现代印刷技术。根据 today可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语是the basic thought，故填influences。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 46 Ⅴ.书面表达（12分） 37.请发挥想象力，写一篇英语文章来描述一项你最近的新发明及该发明的优点和 用途，并尽力把它推销给你周围的人。 提示：What’s your new invention？ How about its colour and shape？ What benefits （益处） does your new invention bring us？It can be used for… 注意：（1）短文应包括所给提示中的三个要点，可适当发挥； （2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名； （3）词数不少于80，题目自拟。 __ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 47 One possible version: My New Invention I want to introduce a new invention.It is a flying bike.It’s blue.It has two wheels and two wings.It can fly， take photos and you can also ride it.Its material is similar to the one used to make ordinary bicycles.It can be used for exercising.It is convenient to park， energy-saving， safe and affordable.I do believe that it is a new type of transport that everyone needs.I hope everyone will like it. I believe that in the near future， flying bicycles will enter every household. Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 48 $$