2025—2026学年仁爱科普版英语九年级暑假巩固复习—— 感叹句

感叹句 一、感叹句知识要点 感叹句用于表达说话人的惊讶、喜悦、愤怒、赞赏、惋惜等强烈感情。初中阶段主要掌握由What和How引导的两种基本结构。 1. What引导的感叹句 (强调名词) 核心结构：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语) 结构详解： What: 是感叹词，本身无具体词义，引导感叹句。 a/an: 当后面修饰的可数名词单数时，必须用a或an。 形容词：修饰后面的名词，表达强烈的感情色彩（如beautiful, interesting, terrible, big）。形容词可以省略，但感叹意味会减弱。 名词：是整个感叹句的核心，What就是用来修饰和强调这个名词的。可以是： 可数名词单数 ( a book, an apple ) 可数名词复数 ( books ) 不可数名词 ( weather, music, advice ) 主语 + 谓语：是句子的主干部分，说明“是什么/怎么样”。在口语或简洁表达中常常省略。 关键点： 看中心词是不是名词。 名词前是否有形容词修饰（形容词可省略）。 名词是单数可数时，a/an不能省略。 例句： What a beautiful day (it is)! (多美好的一天啊！) 强调名词day (单数可数) What an interesting book (this is)! (多有趣的一本书啊！) 强调名词book (单数可数) What delicious food (she cooks)! (她做的食物真好吃！) 强调名词food (不可数) What clever children (they are)! (多聪明的孩子们啊！) 强调名词children (复数) What a mess (you made)! (你搞得真乱啊！) 强调名词mess (单数可数，形容词省略) What fun (we had)! (我们玩得真开心！) 强调名词fun (不可数) 2. How引导的感叹句 (强调形容词、副词或动词) 核心结构：How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 结构详解： How: 是感叹词，本身无具体词义，引导感叹句。 形容词/副词：是整个感叹句的核心，How就是用来修饰和强调这个形容词或副词 的。表达强烈的感情色彩（如beautiful, fast, carefully, well）。 主语 + 谓语：是句子的主干部分。在口语或简洁表达中常常省略。 关键点： 看中心词是不是形容词或副词。 How直接修饰后面的形容词或副词。 例句： How beautiful the flower is! (这花多美啊！) - 强调形容词beautiful How fast he runs! (他跑得多快啊！) 强调副词fast How carefully she works! (她工作得多认真啊！) 强调副词carefully How well she sings! (她唱得多好啊！) 强调副词well (修饰动词sings ) How time flies! (时间过得真快啊！) 强调动词flies (此处How修饰整个谓语部分，表示程度，相当于“多么”) How interesting! (多有趣啊！) 强调形容词interesting (主语谓语省略) 3. What与How的选用原则总结 What + 名词：当你想要感叹的核心是一个名词（人、物、事）时，用What。注意名词的单复数、可数性及a/an的使用。 How + 形容词/副词：当你想要感叹的核心是一个形容词（描述名词的性质）或副词（描 述动作的方式、程度）时，用How。 4. 重要注意事项 1） 语序：感叹句使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不是疑问句的倒装语序。 ❌ How beautiful is the flower? (这是疑问句) ✅ How beautiful the flower is! (感叹句，陈述语序) 2） 标点：感叹句句末用感叹号 (!)。 3） 省略：在上下文清楚或口语中，主语和谓语经常被省略，只保留What/How + 核心部分。 What a surprise! (省略了it is ) How wonderful! (省略了it is ) 4） 口语变体： 在日常口语中，也常用So + 形容词/副词! 或 Such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词! 来表达感叹。 So beautiful! = How beautiful! Such a beautiful flower! = What a beautiful flower! 5. 与疑问句区分：感叹句的What / How放在句首，但后面是陈述语序且用感叹号。疑问句用问号且常倒装。 6. How修饰动词：虽然较少见，但How可以直接修饰动词（如How she dances!），表示对动作本身的强烈感叹。 二、 感叹句专项练习 练习一：用What或How填空 1. __________ a lovely baby! 2. __________ tall the building is! 3. __________ delicious the cake tastes! 4. __________ important information this is! 5. __________ quickly he finished the work! 6. __________ beautiful flowers they are! 7. __________ kind of you to help me! 8. __________ silly I am! 9. __________ amazing the magic show was! 10. __________ terrible weather we're having! 练习二：将下列句子改为感叹句 (使用What或How) 1. The movie is very exciting. → _________________________________________________________ 2. She has a very cute dog. → _________________________________________________________ 3. He drives very carelessly. → _________________________________________________________ 4. It is a very useful book. → _________________________________________________________ 5. They are very brave soldiers. → _________________________________________________________ 6. The children played very happily. → _________________________________________________________ 7. This is very good news. → _________________________________________________________ 8. That was a very boring lecture. → _________________________________________________________ 9. The coffee smells wonderful. → _________________________________________________________ 10. Time passes very quickly. → _________________________________________________________ 练习三：选择正确的感叹句形式完成对话 1. A: I got full marks on the exam! B: Really? __________! A .What good news B. How good news C. What a good news 2. A: Look at the sunset! B: Wow! __________! A. How beautiful B. What beautiful C. What a beautiful 3. A: I just ran 5 kilometers in 20 minutes. B: __________ fast! A. How B. What C. What a 4. A: Be careful! The floor is wet. B: Oh no! __________ mess I've made! A. How B.What C. What a 5. A: My grandmother makes the best apple pie. B: __________! A. How delicious it must be B. What delicious it must be C. What a delicious it must be 6. A: I'm sorry I broke your vase. B: __________ careless you were! A. How B. What C. What a 7. A: Did you hear they're getting married? B: __________ surprise! A. How B. What C. What a 8. A: The instructions are very complicated. B: Yes, __________ confusing they are! A. what B. how C. what a 练习四：改错 (每句有一处错误，找出并改正) 1. How a beautiful picture! 2. What delicious is the soup! 3. How lovely children they are! 4. What an amazing progress he made! 5. How a pity! 6. What carefully she writes! 7. How a wonderful time we had! 8. What tall tree it is! 9. How nice weather it is today! 10. What well she speaks English! 练习五：综合运用 (根据中文提示，用感叹句完成句子) 1. 多宏伟的宫殿啊！ → _________________________ palace! 2. 他钢琴弹得多棒啊！ → _________________________ he plays the piano! 3. 这真是个好主意！ → _________________________ idea! 4. 这些花儿真香！ → _________________________ these flowers smell! 5. 你真是帮了大忙了！ → _________________________ help you've given me! 6. 时间过得真快啊！ → _________________________ time flies! 7. 多拥挤的公交车啊！ → _________________________ bus! 8. 她跳舞跳得多优美啊！ → _________________________ she dances! 参考答案 练习一： 1. What 2. How 3. How 4. What 5. How 6. What 7. How (强调形容词kind) 8. How (强调形容词silly) 9. How (强调形容词amazing) 10. What (强调名词weather) 练习二： 1. How exciting the movie is!或What an exciting movie (it is)! 2. What a cute dog she has! 3. How carelessly he drives! 4. What a useful book it is! 5. What brave soldiers they are! 6. How happily the children played! 7. What good news this is! 8. What a boring lecture that was! 9. How wonderful the coffee smells! 10. How quickly time passes! 练习三： 1. A.What good news (news 不可数) 2. A. How beautiful (强调形容词`beautiful`) 3. A. How (强调副词`fast`) 4. C. What a (强调名词`mess`，单数可数) 5. A. How delicious it must be (强调形容词`delicious`) 6. A. How (强调形容词`careless`) 7. C. What a (强调名词`surprise`，单数可数) 8. B. how (强调形容词`confusing`) 练习四： 1. How→What (中心词是名词picture，单数可数：What a beautiful picture!) 2. What→How (强调形容词delicious：How delicious the soup is!) 3. How→What (中心词是名词children，复数：What lovely children they are!) 4. What an amazing progress→What amazing progress (progress 不可数，不用a/an) 5. How a pity→What a pity (中心词是名词pity，单数可数) 6. What→How (强调副词carefully：How carefully she writes!) 7. How a wonderful time→What a wonderful time (中心词是名词time，单数可数) 8. What tall tree→What a tall tree (tree 单数可数，需加a ) 9. How nice weather→What nice weather (中心词是名词weather，不可数) 或How nice the weather is! (强调形容词nice ) 10. What→How (强调副词well：How well she speaks English!) 练习五： 1. What a magnificent palace! (强调名词palace ) 2. How well he plays the piano! (强调副词well ) 3. What a good idea! (强调名词idea ) 4. How sweet these flowers smell! (强调形容词sweet ) 5. What great help you've given me! (强调名词help，不可数) 或What a great help (口语中help有时可作可数名词) 6. How fast time flies! (强调副词fast ) 7. What a crowded bus! (强调名词bus ) 8. How gracefully she dances! (强调副词gracefully ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$